
QassX). 
Book n!jl 



AN ACCOUNT OF 

THE PRINTED TEXT 

OF ME ■-• "" 

GREEK NEW TESTAMENT ; ^'"t 

WIIH 

REMAEKS ON ITS REVISION UPON CRITICAL PRINCIPLES. 



TOGEXnEE TTITH 




A COLLATION 

OF THE CRITICAL TEXTS OF GRIESBACH, SCHOLZ, LACHMANN, 
AND TISCHENDORF, WITH THAT IN COMMON USE. 



SAMUEL PRIDEAUX TREGELLES, LL.D. 



" Ita didici, fidem religionem constantiam in nnllo negotio posse adhiberi nimiam : neque 
ia his libris, quorum nullam litteram neglegi oportere sentio, velim quicquam meo arbitratu 
meoque iudicio definire, sed per omnia auctores sequi et antiquissimoa et probatissimos." — 
Lachmann. N. T. Frcef. ix. 






LONDON: 
SAMUEL BAGSTER AND SONS, 

PATERNOSTER ROW. 

M.DCCC.LIV. 




LC Control Number 




tmp96 031084 






TO THE 

UNIVEESITY OF ST. ANDKEWS, 

IN GRATEFUL RECOGNITION 

OF ENCOURAGEMENT BESTOWED ON BIBLICAL STUDIES, 

THIS HISTORY 

OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT AS PRINTED, 

DESIGNED AS AN AID 

FOR THE MORE ACCURATE KNOWLEDGE OF TEXTUAL 
CRITICISM, 

IS, WITH PERMISSION, 

RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED. 



•I 



PREFACE 



This Account of tlie Printed Text of the Greek New Testament 
is intended to give a correct statement of facts and principles, 
brought down to the present time, for the use of Christian biblical 
students. 

It is of great importance for such to be thoroughly and funda- 
mentally instructed in subjects of criticism, for this is a depart- 
ment of biblical learning which can never be safely neglected ; 
and if Holy Scripture is valued as being the revelation of God 
concerning his way of salvation through faith in the atonement of 
Christ, then whatever is needed for wisely maintaining its au- 
thority, even though at first sight it may seem only to bear on the 
subject indirectly, will be felt to be of real importance. 

Forms of antagonism to the authority of Scripture have indeed 
varied. There have been those who, with tortuous ingenuity, 
charged the inspired writers with deception and dishonesty, and 
who first devised the term " Bibliolatry," as a contemptuous 
designation for those who maintained that it was indeed given 
forth by the Holy Ghost : these opponents might well have been 



VI PREFACE. 

confuted by the contrast presented between what they were, and 
the uprightness and holiness inculcated by those writers of the 
Bible whom they despised. There have been argumentative 
sceptics, — men who could ingeniously reason on the Zodiac of 
Denderah, and other ancient monuments, as if they disproved the 
facts of Scripture : God has seen fit that such men should be 
answered by continuous discoveries, such as that of Dr. Young, 
by which the hieroglyphics of Denderah were read^ so that the 
supposed argument only showed the vain confidence of those who 
had alleged it. The Rationalistic theory has endeavoured to re- 
solve all the Scripture narrations into honest but blind enthusiasm, 
and extreme credulity. The jMythic hypothesis has sought to 
nullify all real objective facts, and thus to leave the mind in a 
state of absolute Pyrrhonism, — in certainty as to nothing, except 
in the rejection of the person of Jesus of Nazareth, and of all 
that testifies to Him as the jMessiah. And yet more recently. 
Spiritualism has advanced its claims, borrowing much from pre- 
ceding systems of doubt and negation, and taking its name and, 
in many points, its avowed principles, from those very Scriptures 
whose claims it will not admit. It would have a Cliristianity 
without Christ ; it would bring man to God, but without blood 
of atonement ; it would present man mth divine teaching and 
guidance, while it denies the true divine teacher, the Holy Ghost, 
who, wdicn He works* on the heart, ever does it by glorifying 
Jesus ; it would adopt ethics from revelation, without admitting 
that they have been revealed ; and it would demand holiness, and 
that without the knowledge of God's love, from which alone it 
can spring, without the apprehension of those hopes by which it 
can be sustained, and without owning that power from above by 
which alone it can have a reality. Such have been successive, or 
in part rival and mutually antagonistic, rulers of the Olympus of 
scepticism and infidelity ; — systems which profess to be neiv^ and 



PREFACE. Vll 



which seek to establish this claim by recklessly rejecting the basis 
of all known and long-cherished truth. 

j/c'oi yap olaKovofioi 
Kparova 'OXu/ATTOV peoxfi-ois 
de drj vofxois 
Zevs aOeroiS Kparvvw 
TO. 7rp\v Se TTfXwpta vvv d'ia-Toi. 

JEsch. Prom. Vinct. 153 (Blomf.) 

And even now, perhaps, that boasted cry of "progress," so often 
heard, without regard to holiness and truth, and which is reiterated 
by those who seek to conceal, even from themselves, their own 
superficial pretensions, and to hinder others from knowing their 
utter want of principle, — may have raised up some yet newer 
claimant to dethrone preceding systems, in the vain thought of 
maintaining a triumphant rule. 

veov veoL KpariiTe^ km boKeire drj 

vaUiv drrfpdrj nepyafi. ovk e/c rail's' iyco 

dicrcrovs rvpduvovs eKTreaovras rjcr66fiT]v ; 

rpiTOP de TOP pvp KoipopovPT e7r6\frofiai 

aicrxioTa kol Taxia-ra. — u^Esch. Prom. Vinct. 991. 

In one thing, and one only, have these forms of opposition been 
agreed : they have all of them re-echoed the serpent's first whisper 
of doubt and lying, — "Yea, hath God said?" 

It behoves those who value the revelation of God in his word, 
both for their own sakes and on account of others, to be really 
grounded in biblical study : that which is merely superficial will 
not suffice ; it would only be enough to enable the sharpness of 
the edge of sceptical objections to be felt, causing, perhaps, serious 
injury, without giving the ability needed to turn the weapon 
aside : while, on the other hand, fundamental acquaintance with 
the subject may, through God's grace, enable us so to hold fast the 



VIU PREFACE. 

Scripture as a revelation of objective truth, as to be a safeguard 
both to ourselves and to others. 

The truth of God is as a rock assailed by waves ; each in suc- 
cession may seem to overwhelm it, but the force of each is in 
measure spent on that which has preceded it, and modified by that 
which follows. Each wave may make wild havoc amongst the 
detached pebbles at its base, wliile the rock itself is unmoved and 
uninjured. It is as thus knowing our grounds of certainty, that 
we have to maintain the Scripture as God's revealed truth. 

Some have, indeed, looked at critical studies as though they 
were a comparatively unimportant part of biblical learning. This 
must have arisen from not seeing the connection between things 
which are essentially conjoined. These studies contain the elements 
of that which has to be used practically for the most important 
purposes. They are the basis on which the visible edifice must 
rest. The more we rightly regard Holy Scripture as the charter 
of that inheritance to which we look forward, and which we know 
as given at the price of the Saviour's blood, the more shall we be 
able to estimate the importance of Textual Criticism, by 
which we know, on grounds of ascertained certainty, the actual 
words and sentences of that charter in the true statement of its 
privileges, and in the terms in which the Holy Ghost gave it. 

S. P. T. 

Plymouth, April 25, 1854. 



%* To prevent all possible misconception wluch could arise from what is said of 
Laclimann in page 111, the reader is requested to observe distinctly, that no conjec- 
tures were introduced into his text ; and those which he suggested in the preface to 
his second volume had to do with places into which he thought that transcriptural 
error had found its way, anterior to all existing documents. 



CONTENTS 



§ 1 -THE COMPLUTENSIAN EDITION 



The Jirst printed Gr. Test., 1514. Neglect of Greek at the time of tlie invention of 
printing, 1. — The Latin Yulgate the only SS. of Western Europe, 2. — Preparations 
of Card. Ximenes for his edition, 2. — Mrst printed portions of the Gr. Text, 2 note. 
— University of Alcala, 3. — Delay of publication, and death of Ximenes (1517), 3.— 
Publication authorised by Leo X. (1520), 3.— The editors' account of their MSS., from 
the Vatican, 4.— Moldenhawer's search for Greek MSS. at Alcala; report that they 
were sold and burned, 5. — The late Dr. J. Thomson's* investigations— no MSS. 
sold ; all those of Ximenes still in the collection, 6. — No reason to doubt that the 
Greek MSS. were reaUy sent from Eome, 7. —Whether by Leo X. ? Bishop Marsh's 
doubts, 7. — Character of the Complutensian Text, 8. — Unskilfulness of the editors, 
8. — Their high estimate of the Latin Yulgate, 9. — 1 John v. 7, supplied from the 
Latin, 9. — Peculiarity of the accentuation, 10; and types, 11. 



APPENDIX TO SECTION 1. 

The critical sources of the Complutensian Polyglot, 11, 12. — Dr. James Thomson's 
letter to the Biblical Eeview, 12. — Extracts from Marsh's Michaelis, 14; from 
Dr. (now Sir John) Bowring, 14, 15. — Catalogue of the Alcala MSS. (now at Ma- 
drid), 15. 



§ 2.- THE EDITIONS OF ERASMUS 19. 

Proposal made to Erasmus (Apr. 17, 1515), 19. — Gr. Test, appears (Mar. 1, 1516), 

20. — The MSS. used : defective in the Apocalypse, 21. — Non-insertion of 1 John v. 7, 

21. — Attacks of Lee and Stunica, 21. — Vulgate sometimes used to amend the Greek, 
23. — Aldine LXX. and Gr. Test. (1518), 24. — Erasmus's second edition (1519), 24. 

* While these sheets were in the press, Dr. James Thomson's death occurred, 
Feb. 20th, 1854. 



X CONTENTS. 

— Number of copies in Erasmus's two first editions, 25, — Erasmus's Latin Version 
reprehended, 25, and note. — His third edition (1522), 25. — 1 John v. 7, inserted from 
the Codex Britannicus, 2G, and note. — The fourth edition (1527), 27. — The fifth 
edition (1535), 28. — Ancient testimony relied on. Acts xiii. 33, . . 28. 



§ S.-THE EDITIONS OF STEPHENS, BEZA, AND THE ELZEVIRS .30. 

MS. authorities commonly neglected ; edition of Colineeus, 30. — Stephens' editions 
of 154(j and '49, . . 30.— His large edition (1550), with various readings, 30. — Censured 
by the Sorbonne, 31. — Discussions on 1 John v. 7, ..32. — The only Greek MSS. 
which contain it, 32 7iote. — Stephens's /owrZ/i edition (1551), 32. — Verse divisions^ 
S3 note. — Beza's editions and MSS., 33. — Beza's opinion of the spuriousness of John 
viii. 1-12, . . 34. — Elzevir editions, 34, 35. — " Textus Eeceptus," 35. 



§ 4.-EARLIER COLLECTIONS OP CRITICAL MATERIALS : -WAL- 
TON'S POLYGLOT; BISHOP FELL'S GREEK TESTAMENT . 36. 

Various readings in Scripture, 37. — Collection in Walton's Polyglot, 38. — Velezian 
readings, 38. — Curcelloeus's edition (1658), 39. — Bp. Fell's edition (1675), 40.~Bar- 
berini readings, 40. 



§ 5.-MILL'S GREEK TESTAMENT 41. 

Dr. Bernard's suggestion to Mill, 42, — Bp. Fell's encouragement, 42. — Printing 
stopped in 1686 by Bishop Fell's death, 42. — Mill's critical judgment, 43. — Kiister's 
reprint of Mill's edition, 45. — Mill's plan of publishing the text of MSS,, 45. — 
Wella's revised Greek Test,, 46. — Whitby's attack on Mill, 47. — Collins's use of 
^\^litby'3 arguments, 48. — Bentley's reply to Collins, 48. 



APPENDIX TO SECTION 5. 

Extract from Bentley's reply to Collins, 49, — Mill's labours objected to by Wliitby, 
50, — Use of various readings, 50, 51, — Comparison of pi'ofane authors, — Velleius 
Paterculus, Hcsychius, Terence, 51. — Tibullus, Plautus, Manilius, 52, — Stephens's 
Gr. Test., 53. — Reading of Acts xxvii. 14, .. 53. — The wind JEuro-aguilo, 54. — Texts 
not rendered precarious by various readings, 56, — Text not preserved by miracle, 57. 



§ 6. -BENTLEY'S PROPOSED EDITION 57. 

Hare's appeal to Bentley, 58. — Wetsteiu's communication, 58, — Bentley's letter 
to Abp. Wake, 5'J. — " Comparative criticism," 59 note. — Testimony of Greek and 
Latin MSS., 5'J, — Greek and Latin texts as edited, 60, — Bentley's plan, 60. — Frus- 
trated, 61,-1 John V. 7, , . 61,— Walker ecnt to Paris, 61. — Bentley's Proposals, 61, 
62. — MiddU^tou's attack and Bentley's reply, 63. — Patristic citations, 64. — Collation 
of the Vatican MS., 65. — Mace's Gr, and Eng. Test,, 65. — Bentley's death, 66.— 
The non-appearance of his edition a loss, 67. — All account of it omitted in Marsh's 
ilichaclid, 68 note. 



CONTENTS. XI 



§ 7.— BENGEL'S GREEK TESTAMENT 



Bengel's early studies and questioniugs, 69. — Procures collations, 70. — His Gr. 
Test, published, 1734, and its plan, 70. — Families of MSS., 71. — Misrepresentations 
and opposition, 71. 



§ 8.— WETSTEIN'S GREEK TESTAMENT .... 73. 

Commencement of his critical studies, 73.— Visits Paris and England, 72, 73.— 
Proposal to publish various readings, 74. — A critical text suggested, 74. — Quarrel 
with Frey, 74.— Wetstein leaves Basle, 75. — His Prolegomena appear in 1730, . . 75. 
—His changes of plan, 75. — Publication of his edition, 1751-2, . . 76. — Character of 
his edition, 77. — His own labours, 77. — His theories, 77, 78. — All ancient Gr. MSS. 
charged with. Latinising, 78. — Animadversiones et cautiones, 79, 80. — Semler's re- 
print of Wetstein's Prolegomena, 81. — Lotze's proposed new edition, 81, 82. 



§ 9.-THE EDITIONS OF GRIESBACH, AND CONTEMPORARY 
LABOURS 83. 

New Testament criticism as left by Wetstein, 83. — Griesbach's first edition, 
(1774-7,) 83. — Theory of recensions, 84. — His value for ancient evidence, 85. — Mat- 
thsei's editions, 85, 86. — Alter's edition, 86. — Collations of Birch, etc., 86, 87.— 
Texts of MSS. printed, 87. — Griesbach's second edition (1796-1806), 88. — His prin- 
ciples of criticism, 88, 89.— His manual edition, 89. — Hug's system of recensions, 90. 
— Importance of Griesbach's labours, 91. 



§ 10.-SCHOLZ'S GREEK TESTAMENT 92. 

Two-fold division of MSS., etc., 92, 93. — His travels and collations, 94. — His reli- 
ance on numbers, 95. — Uniformity of later Greek MSS., 95. — Not correct in fact, 96. 



§ ll.-LACHMANN'S EDITIONS 97. 

His first edition, 1831, 97. — His brief statement of its plan, 98. — Long misunder- 
stood, 98, — Plan of Lachmann's first edition: authority relied on, and the received 
text wholly cast aside, 99. — Things wanting to complete Lachmann's plan, 100.— 
His larger edition, vol. i., 1842, 100. — Points of resemblance to Bentley, 101. — Old 
Latin version, 102. — Lachmann's estimate of degrees of evidence, 103. — Authorities 
admitted, 104. — Mode of dealing with ancient errors, 104. — Lachmann's principles 
might have been extended, 105. — Misrepresentations as to his range of authorities, 
105. — Reading discussed of Matt.xxi. 28-31, . . 106, — Rev. xviii, 3, . . 108, — Acts xiii. 
33, . , 109. — Delay as to Lachmann's second volume. 111. — His conjectures. 111. — 
Acts xiii. 32, . . 112. — Attacks on Laehmann, 113. — Lachmann's Latin Text, 114.— 
Punctuation, 114. 

Reasons for giving a clear account of LachnamCs edition. Unscrupulous mode in 
tohich Tie was assailed. lEven-Jianded justice. Quotation from Bentley. Gram- 
matical reviewers : subjunctive futures. LachmaniUs own claims, 115 seq.note. 



Xll CONTENTS. 



§ 12.-TISCHEND0RFS EDITIONS . . ... 116. 

Uis first edition (1841), 116. — Paris editions of 1812, 118, — His second Leipsic 
edition, 1849, 118. — Selection of various readings, 119. — Adoption of ancient evi- 
dence, 119. — Eai'l}' variations, Eev. xiii. 18, . . 120. — Critical rules, 120. — Examples, 
121. — Mark ii. 22, . . 121. — Matt. xxv. 16, . . 122. — Matt, xxiii. 4, . . 123. — Matt. xxiv. 
38, . . 124. — Mar. viii. 26, . . 124. — Alexandrian forms, 125. — airoO and avroO, 126.— 
Recensions, 127. — Tischendorfs collations, 128. 



APPENDIX TO SECTION 12. 

The Greek MSS., of which the text has been published, 129. — Those prior to 
Tischendorf, 129. — Those edited by Tischendorf, 130. — His continued research for 
MSS., 131. 



§ 13.- ON AN ESTIMATE OF MS. AUTHORITIES IN ACCORDANCE 
WITH COMPARATIVE CRITICISM . . 132. 

"Comparative Criticism" defined, 132. — Preliminary list of MSS., 132. — Readings 
of Matt. xix. 17, . . 133. — Mr. Scrivener's remarks, 134, 135. — Observations on them, 
136. — Source of the common reading of this passage, 137. — Value of MSS. in spite 
of incorrect readings (D), 137 note. — Small comparative value of the mass of MSS., 
138. — Matt. XV. 8, . . 139.- Matt. xx. 22, . . 140. — Matt, xviii. 35, Mar. iii. 29, . . 141. 

— Mar. iv. 12, 24, x. 21, xii. 4, 23, xiii. 14, Luke viii. 9, 20, 28, 54, ix. 7, 54, xi. 2, . . 142. 

— Luke xi. 29 {bis), 44, xii. 31, xiii. 24, John iv. 43, v. 16, vi. 22, . . 143. — John vi. 39, 
40, 51, 69, viii. 59, ix. 8, 11 {bis), 25, 26, x. 12, 13, 14, . . 144. — John x. 26, 33, xi. 41, 
Acts i. 14, 15, ii. 7, 23, 30, 31, 47, etc., iii. 22, xv. 24, 33, Rom. i. 16, . . 145. — Rom. iii 
22, V. 1, vi. 12, viii. 1, x. 15, xi. 6, xiv. 6, 9, xv. 24, 29, xvi. 5, 25-27, . . 146.-1 Cor 
ii. 4, iii. 4, vi. 20, vii. 5, Gal. iii. 1, Eph. iii. 14, . . 147. — Results of Comparative 
Criticism, 148. —Value of the most ancient MSS., 149. 



APPENDIX TO SECTION 13. -THE COLLATIONS AND CRITICAL 
STUDIES OF S. P. TREGELLES. 

Authorities as cited by Gricsbach and Scholz, 151. — Scholz's -4^e.ra«(Zrmw read- 
ings, 152. — Witnesses against his text, 152. — Edition proposed, to rest wholly on 
authorities, 152. — Specimen prepared (1838) Col. ii., 153.— Gr. and Eng. Rev. (1844), 
154. — Plan of Collations, 155. — F (Epp.), 155. — Disappointment as to Codex Vati- 
canus, 156. — B (Apoc), 156. — Codex Passionei, 157. — Codex Amiatinus, 157. — 
Codex Mutinensis, 158.— U (Evv.), 158, Poslscribed Iota, 158 note.—X (Evv.), 158.— 
E (Evv.), 159.-1 (Evv.), 159.-G(Evv.), ] 59. — Fragments of G and H, 159,160.— 
Eng. Revelation published (1818), 160.— Curotonian Syriac version, 160. — D. (Epp.), 
161. — Bartolocci's collation of E, 161. — K (Evv.), 161.-33 (Evv.), 161, 162. — M 
(Kvv.), 162. -D (Epp.), 162. — H (Evv.), 163. — Ulfcnbach fragment, 163. — Lach- 
niann'a Latin collations, 164. — Collations compared with Tischendorfs, 164. — 0)i 
readings in D (Epp.), 164 note. — G (Epp.), 165. — Heading of 1 Tim. iii. 16, 165 note. 
Fragments P and Q, 165. — F (Evv.), 166, — Cod. Lciccst., 166. — Dublin palimpsest 
Z, und its cliymicul restoration, 166-169. — MSS. rccomparcd at Basle, Munich, and 



CONTENTS. XUl 

Tenice, 169. — Cod. Amiatinus and Tischendorf 's edition, 169, 170. — Correction of 
mistakes, 170 note. — The ancient versions, 170. — Mr. Eieu's collation of the Arme- 
nian, and Mr. Prevost's of the -^thiopic, 171.— Ancient MSS. published and unpub- 
lished, 172. — Eesults, 173. 

§ M.-EEMAEKS ON PEINCIPLES OF TEXTUAL CEITICISM, 174. 

Object, and opposite modes of seeking to attain it, 174. — Numbers against autho- 
rity, 175. — Proofs that readings are ancient, 175, 176. — Character of all the most 
ancient documents, 177. — Analogy of ancient and modern Latin MSS., 179. — Non- 
accordance of the later Greek MSS., 180. — The later copyists, 182. — Charges of 
innovation, 183. — Porson on interpolations, 184 note. — An ancient text of the 
LXX. displaces the Aldine, 185. — Judgment on evidence, — prayer, 186. — Express 
early statements as to readings ; Matt. xix. 17, . . 187. — Matt. v. 4, 5, . . 187. — Matt. 
i. 18, . . 188. — Matt. xxiv. 36, . . 190. — 1 Cor. xv. 51, . . 191. — 1 Cor. xiii. 3, . . 191.— 
Matt. viii. 28, Mar. v. 1, and Luke viii. 26, . . 192.— Matt, xxvii. 16, 17, . . 194.-2 Tim. 
iv. 1, . . 196. — Luke xiv. 5, . . 197. — Conjecture in the JEdin. Rev., 199 note. — New- 
theory of Latinising, 201. — Mar. xi. 8, Mar. i. 41, . . 203, — 1 Cor. xi. 29, . . 203. — Col. 
ii. 18, . . 204. — ^Aids as to ancient evidence, Ammonian Sections and Eusebian Canons, 
205.— Luke xxii. 43, 44, Matt. xvi. 2, 3, . . 205.— Proved errata in MSS. Matt, xxvii. 28, 
. . 205.— Heb. xi. 35, . . 206.— Matt, xxvii. 49, . . 206, 207.— Proper names, 207.— David, 
Amos, 207. — Asaph, Siloam, Capharnaum, Nazareth, 208. — Mafldaios, 209. — vv e<f)e\- 
Kva-TLKov, 209. — \aij.^dv(a, 209. — Peculiar flexions, 209. — Interchange of vowels, 210. 
— Iota subscript, 210. — Terminations -w and -oi, 1 Pet. iii. 7, . . 211. — et and -yj, Fut. 
subj., 211. — Punctuation, 212. — John i. 3, 4, Eom. ix. 5, . . 214, 215. — 1 Cor. xv. 29, 
. . 216. — Parenthesis, 217.-1 Pet. iii. 21, 2 Pet. i. 19, . . 217. — Eom. viii. 20, . . 218.— 
Eom. ix. 1, . . 219. — Conflict of evidence, 220. — Ascetic spirit, 1 Cor. vii. 5, Acts x. 20, 
Eom. xii. 13, . . 222. — Eom. xiv. 17, . . 223. — Luke viii. 17, . . 223. — Matt. i. 25, . . 224. 
— Acts XV. 22. ..225. 



§ 15.-N0TES ON SOME PASSAGES OF DOGMATIC IMPOETANCE, 226. 

1 John V. 7 : reasons for not formally discussing the passage, 226. — 1 Tim. iii. 16 : 
authorities which support fleo?, 227 ; those which support a relative, 227. — True 
readings of Cyril and Clirysostom, 227 note. — Correction of the MSS. A and C, 228. 

— The fathers who read os, 229. — The passage altered by Macedonius, 229 and note. 

— A relative the best-supported reading, 230. — os supported by the GreeTc autho- 
rities, 230. — Translation of the passage, 231. — Acts xx. 28, . . 231. — Authorities in 
favour of ^eoC, 2Z\.. — Heading of B, 231 woife. — Chrysostom doubtful, 232 and note. 

— Cyril, 232. — Authorities for KvpCov, 232; for .wpiou /cal Qeov, 232. — Eesults, 233.— 
Eeadings absolutely supported by critical research, 234.— Passages of dogmatic value 
restored, 234. — John i. 18 : testimonies in favour of Movoyevrjs 0e6s, 234.-1 Pet. iii. 15 : 
corrected reading, and result of comparison with Old Test., 235.— The LXX. version: 
independence of the New Test, citations, when needful, 236. 



§ 16. -NOTES ON JOHN VIL 53-Yin. 11; JOHN V. 3, 4; AND 
MAEK XVL 9-20 . . 236. 

John vii. 53-viii. 11, of weU-known doubtfulness : documents in its favour, 236.— 
Hoio introduced in Cod. 1, 237 wo^e. — Augustine's conjecture, 237. — Documents 



XIV 



CONTENTS. 



opposed to the passage, 238. — Unknown to Tertullian, 239 and note; also Cyprian, 
Origen, etc., 239. — Doubts of Erasmus, Calvin, Beza, 240. — Difficulties, 241. —Truth 
of the narration, 242. — Papias, 242. — Dr. Routh's judgment, 243. 

John V. 3, 4 : authorities for and against the last clause of verse 3, . . 243. — Those 
against verse 4, . . 243 ; for it, 244. — Bp. Marsh's judgment, 244. — Origin in scholia, 
245. — Results in favour of the shorter form, 246, 

Mar. xvi. 9-20. Propositions to be established, 246. — Testimonies that these 
verses do not belong to St. Mark, 247.— Proofs that this Gospel has had these verses 
from the second centurj', 251. — Evidence of existing monuments, that St. Mark did 
not himself write these verses, 253. — Documents which contain them, 254. — Inter- 
nal arguments, style, etc., 256. — Conclusions from tlie whole, 258. — Authority of 
Scripture, even when anonymous, 259. — Butler and Warlurton quoted^ 2G0 note. — 
Testimony of John the Presbyter to St. Mark's Gospel, 260 and note. 



CONCLUSION. 



Present opposition to critical studies, 261. — Facts denied, 262 and note. — 'Recent 
assertions as to the modern Greek text, 264. — Mischievous inventions, 265 and note. 
— Bible circulation and non-intelligent translations, 267. — Texts still wrongly read : 
1 John v. 7, . . 268. — Acts viii. 37, ix. 31, . . 269. — Acts xiii. 19, 20, . . 269. — 1 John 
v. 13, Rev. xvii. 8, . . 270. — Present state and requirements of biblical study, 271. 



INDEX 



OF PASSAGES THE READING OF WHICH IS DISCUSSED 
OR NOTICED. 







PAGE 






PAGE 


MATTHEW. 




LUKE. 






i. 


18 . 


188 


vii 


. 26 


192 




25 


224 




28 


142 


V. 


4,5 


. . 187 




54 


» 


viii. 


28 


192 


ix. 


7 


. 


XV. 


8 . 


139 




54 


j> 


xvi. 


2,3 . 


205 


xi. 


2 


. 85, 142 


xix. 


17 . 


133 




29 


143 


xviii. 35 


141 




,, 


1) 


XX. 


22 . 


. . 140 




44 


• n 


xxi. 


28-31 


106 


xii. 


31 


• • « 


xxiii. 4 . 


123 


xiii 


. 24 


» 


xxiv. 36 


190 


xiv 


5 


197 




38 . 


124 


xxii. 43,44 


205 


XXV 


16 


122 








xxvii. 16, 17 


194 


JOHN. 








28 


205 


i. 


18 


234 




49 . 


. . 206 


iv. 


43 . 


. . 143 








V. 


3,4 


243 seq. 


MARK. 








16 . 


143 


i. 


41 


. 203 


vi. 


22 


51 


ii. 


22 . 


121 




39 . 


144 


iii. 


29 


141 




40 




iv. 


12 . 


142 




51 . 






24 


« 




69 


M 


V. 


1 . 


192 


vii. 


53 -viii. 


12 . 34, 236 seq. 


viiL 


26 


124 


viii 


59 


144 


X. 


21 . 


142 


ix. 


8 . 




xi. 


8 


203 




11 




xii. 


4 . 


142 










23 


n 




25 


« 


xiii. 


14 . 


142 




26 . 




xvi. 
LUKE. 


9-20 


216 seq. 


X. 


12 

13 . 
14 


n 
n 


viii. 


9 . 


142 




26 . 


. . 145 




17 


223 




33 






20 . 


142 


xi. 


41 . 


M 



XVI 



INDEX. 



ACTS. 




PAGE 


1 CORINTHIANS. 


PAGE 


i. 


14 . 


. 145 


vi. 20 


. 147 




15 


„ 


vii. 5 . 


. 147,222 


ii. 


7 . 


„ 


xi. 29 


203 




23 


« 


xiii. 3 . 


191 




30 . . 


„ 


XV. 51 


»i 




31 


1) 








47 seq. . 


« 


OALATIANS. 




iii. 


22 


jj 


iii. 1 . 


. 147 


viii 


37 . . 


. 23, 269 






ix. 


5 


23 


EPHESIANS. 






31 . 


. 269 


iii. 14 . . 


» 


X. 


20 


222 






xiii 


19, 20 . 


269 


COLOSSIANS. 






32 


112 


ii. 18 


. 20 




33 . . 


. 28, 109 






XV. 


22 


225 


1 TIMOTHY. 






24 . 


. 145 


iii. 16 . . 


. 227 seq. 




33 


„ 




165 note. 


XX. 


28 . 


231 seq. 






xxvii. 14 


53 


2 TIMOTHY. 










iv. 1 . 


. 196 


ROMANS. 








i. 


16 . . 


145 


HEBREWS. 




iii. 


22 . . 


146 


xi. 35 . 


. 206 


V. 


1 . . 


» 






vi. 


12 


»» 


1 PETER. 




vui 


. 1 . 


» 


iii. 7 . 


211 


X. 


15 . . 


« 


15 . . 


235 


xi. 


6 . . 


» 






xii. 


13 . . 


222 


1 JOHN. 




xiv 


. 6 . 
9 . . 


146 

• 11 


V. 7 . 


9 

26 note. 


XV. 


24 . . 
29 


• n 
• >» 




33 note 
226 


xvi 


. 5 . 
25-27 . 




13 . . . 
REVELATION. 


. 270 


1 CORINTHIANS. 




xiii. 18 


120 


ii. 


4 


. 147 


xvii. 8 . 


270 


iii 


4 . . 


• » 


xviii. 3 


. 108 



ADDENDA. 



Codex Amiatinus. In p. 170, note^ I have given a list of the places in which 
Tischendorf has not followed my collation of this MS., but in which I find, 
from Signor del Furia, that my collation really is right. As Tischendorf has 
re-issued his impression of the Codex Amiatinus with a list of a few errata, 
noticed since it first appeared, they are here specified for the information of 
the reader. 

Mat. XX. 4, dele meam. 

xxiv. 15, lege Danihelo- 
Mar. xiv. 40, lege iNgravati. 
Luke viii. 12, hi deest^ a prima manu. 
Acts viii. 17, lege iNponebant. 
xiii. 46, lege reppulistis. 
xviii. 12, lege Achaiae. 

1 Cor. iii. 12, lege superaedificat supra. 

xiv. 18, dele meo. 

2 Cor. iv. 4, lege quae est. 
Eph. iv. 25, lege in invicem. 

vi. 13, delejn (2o). 
1 Pet. iii. 6, ?e^e ~oboedivit. 
1 Joh. ii. 4, lege non {pro "nos"). 
Rev. viii. 5, dele magnus. 

These passages could not be inserted in the former list, as Tischendorf had 
not marked them amongst the places in which he had not followed my colla- 
tion : they are simply errata in his edition. 

He also corrects in the canons and Ammonian Sections at Mat. iv. 21 
(22,2) ; Mat. x. 42 (100,6) ; Luke xiii. 14 (165,2). Also, he says, that 
Abbate del Furia informs him, that at John xviii. 37, the MS. has (by mis- 
take, he considers) the notation (180,4). In the Epistle to the Hebrews, sec- 
tion 4 begins at ii. 11. 



Tischendore's MSS., p. 131. The MSS. described in the letter addressed 
to me are now in the hands of Messrs. Williams and Norgate, Henrietta-street, 
Covent-garden, for sale, for Prof. Tischendorf. The Palimpsest fragments 
possess, even if it were only on account of their antiquity, a real value in 
textual criticism. The two other uncial MSS. of part of the Gospels belong- 
probably to about the age assigned them by Tischendorf. I have examined 
the whole collection ; and I shall be permitted to collate them for critical pur- 
poses. In one of them I found very soon four occurrences of Iota pos^scribed : 



so rare in Bi))liofil INISS. in Uncial ]^etters (see p. 158). It should be added, 
that TischcMidorf has announced that the Palimpsest fragments will be in- 
cluded in a new volume of Monumenta Sacra now in the press. 



To the MSS. examined by me (mentioned p. 155 — 168), I may now add 
the Palimpsest fragments of St. Luke amongst the Nitrian MSS. in the 
British IVIuseum. They consist of forty-five leaves (of the sixth century, as 
seems to [me), in which Severus of Antioch against Grammaticus has been 
written in Syriac over the Greek. The older writing is in parts very difficult 
to read ; but by pains I can in a strong light discern almost every letter : this 
is, however, a groat strain on the eye of a collator. 

Besides these precious leaves, there is also in the same collection a very 
ancient Palimpsest fragment of St. John's Gospel, and a few morsels of other 
parts of the New Testament. 



P. 171. Mr. Prevost's comparison of the ^Ethiopic would have been more 
exactly described as a collation of the text in Walton's Polyglot, from which 
Bodc's Latin version was made, with Mr. Piatt's text. 



To the note, p. 165, might be added, that '■^perhaps the line in question 
was used in 1 Tim. iii. 16, and some other places, simply to ^U up the Latm 
text which lies over the Greek." 



In p. 248, note, Hesychius of Jerusalem is called the contemporary of Gre- 
gory of Nyssa. This has been done advisedly ; for if these homilies do be- 
long to such a Hesychius, there are good reasons for not regarding him as the 
Bishop of Jerusalem of that name in the sixth century, but as an earlier 
Presbyter. Cave, I think, says that it would need an oracle to distinguish 
the persons bearing the name of Hesychius of Jerusalem. 



Let me request any who may wish to understand the principles of textual 
criticism which I believe to be true, to read what I have stated in the section, 
On an estimate of MS. authorities in accordance ivith " comparative criticism''' ; 
so that they may not repeat the assertion that I regard the accidental age of a 
MS., irrespective of its character, and apart from the evidence of ancient 
versions and early citations. 

It ought to be needless for me to have to repeat again and again, that the 
testimony of very ancient MSS. is proved to be good on grounds of evidence 
(not mere assertion) ; and that the distinction is not between ancient MSS. 
on the one hand, and all other witnesses on the other, — but between the united 
evidence of the most ancient documents — MSS., versions, and early citations — 
together with that of the few more recent copies that accord with them, on 
the one hand, and the mass of modern MSS. on the other. To which class 
shall we look as including within itself the readings which have the best claim 
on our attention as those which really belong to the holy word of God ? 

July 25, 1854. 



AN ACCOUNT 

OV THE 

PRINTED TEXT OF THE GEEEK NEW 
TESTAMENT, 

AND OF ITS EEYISION BY CEITICAL EDITORS. 



§ 1.— THE COMPLUTENSIAN EDITION. 

The first printed edition of the Greek New Testament was tliat 
wliicli formed a part of the Complutensian Polyglot ; the volume 
in which the New Testament in Greek and Latin is contained was 
completed Jan. 10, 1514. 

It may seem a cause for surprise, that while the sacred Hebrew 
originals of the Old Testament had been multiplied much earlier 
by means of the press, the case was so different with regard to the 
Scriptures of the New Testament in the original tongue. For 
this difference many reasons may be assigned. The Jews applied 
the invention of printing at a comparatively early period to the 
multiplication of the Old Testament in Hebrew : they were a 
numerous and prosperous body in many parts of Europe, and 
thus they were able to command both the skill and the pecuniary 
means needed to that end ; besides this, there was a demand 
amongst them for Hebrew books. 

The case with regard to the Greeks was wholly different. The 
capture of Constantinople by the Turkish Sultan (1453), and the 
bondage or exile of the Greek population, was an event which 
was almost synchronous with the invention of printing ; and thus, 
although the dispersion of the Greeks led to the knowledge of 
their language and literature being acquired by many in Western 
Europe, yet it effectually hindered efforts on their own part to 



2 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

print, and thus to multiply, copies of their Scriptures. Indeed, 
so many Greeks earned in their exile a scanty living by copying 
books in their own tongue, that they had a positive interest in not 
using the newly-invented art of printing. 

Besides, the early attempts at printing Greek were so awkward 
and unpleasant to the eye, that few books were multiplied through 
the press in that tongue until greater skill had been manifested in 
the formation of the type. And so habituated were Greek scho- 
lars in that day to read Greek abounding with contractions, many 
of which were deemed by copyists to be feats of calligraphy, that 
the endeavours to print Greek with separate types were despised 
and undervalued. 

In Western Europe, the Latin Vulgate was the form in which 
Holy Scripture was known and received : so that even on the part 
of theologians there was no desire for the original text ; indeed, 
the feeling was rather that every departure from the version of 
Jerome, such as it was after it had suiTered from the hands of 
transcribers for more than a thousand years, would be a rash 
and dangerous innovation. The Old Testament in Hebrew was 
regarded as a book for the Jews simply, and no part of Holy 
Scripture was thought to be suitable for the edification of Chris- 
tians in any tongue except the Latin. 

The preparations made by the celebrated Spanish cardinal, 
Francis* Ximenes de Cisneros, Archbishop of Toledo, for the 
publication of the first Polyglot Bible, commenced in the year 
1502;! the w^ork was intended to celebrate the birth of the heir 
to the throne of Castile, afterwards the Emperor Charles V. 

* The baptismal name of this remarkable man was Qonzalo : this lie exchanged 
for Frandsco^ when he entered the Franciscan order. Cardinal Ximenes was arch- 
bishop of Toledo, regent of Castile, and a Spanish general, while also executing other 
functions. 

t It should be observed, that the Complutensian New Testament was not the first 
portion of original Greek which was printed. " The first part of the Greek Testa- 
ment which was printed consisted of the thanksgiving hymns of Mary and Zacharias 
(Luke i. 42-56, 68-80), appended to a Greek Psalter published in 1486. Tlie next con- 
sisted of the first six chapters of the Gospel by Jolm, edited by Aldus Manutius, at 
Venice, 1504, Mo''— Dr. Bavkhon's ''Biblical Criiicism" ii. ■}?. 106. ""The fourteen 
first verses of the Gospel of John. Tiibingen 1514: in the Library at Stuttgart, an 
edition which has been incon'cctly stated to be the whole Gospel of St. John, in 
Masch's Le Long, 3. iii. 624, and Marsh's remarks on Michaelis, i. p. 415." [Eng. ed. 
ii. 845. J l£ichhoriis Sinleilunf/, v. 249. 



1 



OF THE GRE^K NEW TESTAMENT. 6 

It receives its name, the Complutensian Polyglot^ from COM- 
PLUTUM, the Latin name of Algal A, in Spain, where it was 
printed, and where the cardinal had founded an university. The 
editors of the part containing the New Testament were jEHus 
Antonius Nebrissensis, Demetrius Cretensis, Ferdinandus Pitia- 
nus, and especially Lopez de Stunica : in fact, this last-mentioned 
editor seems to have been the person who undertook the respon- 
sibility of preparing the Greek text under the cardinal's direction, 
and at his expense. 

Although the fifth volume of the Polyglot, which contains the 
New Testament in Greek and Latin, was completed (as has been 
said) Jan. 10, 1514, the Old Testament was as yet unfinished; 
for the subscription to the fourth volume is dated July 10, 1517.* 

The publication of the work, however, was delayed. There 
can be but little doubt, that some at least felt alarm at the inno- 
vation which would be introduced from the church taking for its 
instructor in Holy Scripture any language except the Latin : it is 
however worthy of remark, that the whole of this Polyglot 
edition was finished in the same year in which Martin Luther 
gave a stern shock to the corrupt theology which was then held 
and taught, by fixing to the door of the electoral chapel at Wit- 
tenberg his theses against the Eomish doctrine of indulgences. 

Before the publication of this work, on which the labour of so 
many years had been bestowed. Cardinal Ximenes had died ;t and 
Pope Leo X., to whom it was dedicated, sent an authorization 
for its publication to his executors : this document is dated March 
22, 1520. There was, however, some delay even after this; so 
that the work did not get into general circulation before the year 
1522. 

As this was the first printed Greek New Testament (although 
not the first published), it is natural that inquiry should have been 

* Cardinal Ximeues says, in his dedication to Pope Leo X., that the New Testa- 
ment was finished first. " Imprimis Novum Testamentum Grseco Latinoque sermone 
excudendum curavimus simul cum Lexico Grsecarum omnium dictionum : quae pos- 
sunt in eo legentibus occurrere : ut his quoque qui non integram linguee cognitionem 
adepti sunt pro viribus consuleremus. Deinde vero antequam Yetus Testamentum 
aggrederemur : dictionarium prsemisimus Hebraicorum Chaldaicorumque totius Ye- 
teris Instrumenti vocabulorum." 

t Cardinal Ximenes did not survive its completion more than a few months. He 
died Nov. 8, 1517, at the age of eighty-one, in the twenty-third year of his primacy. 



4 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

made for the !MSS. on wliicli the text is based. It need excite no 
surprise, that the editors have not themselves described the MSS. 
which they used: such a proceeding was not then customary; 
indeed, until some attention had been paid to textual criticism, 
few editors of works, whether biblical, classical, or patristic, seem 
to have thought of mentioning what copies they followed, any 
more than this would have been done by the transcriber of such 
a work, before printing had been invented : the archetype might 
be mentioned, or it might not; just as in the case of an edition of 
Milton or Bunyan, it is not common to state, in a reprint, lohat 
edition has been followed. 

The Complutensian editors, however, though they do not de- 
scribe their MSS., give us some information with regard to them. 
In their preface to the New Testament, they say, that " ordinary 
copies were not the archetypes for this impression, but very an- 
cient and correct- ones ; and of such antiquity, that it would be 
utterly wrong not to own their authority ; which the supreme 
pontiff Leo X., our most holy father in Christ and lord, desiring 
to favour this undertaking, sent from the apostolical library to 
the most reverend lord the cardinal of Spain, by whose authority 
and commandment we have had this work prmted."* 

In this we may distinguish the fact which the editors record, 
from the opinion which they express. They must have known 
whether or not they used ]\ISS. from the Vatican, and they were 
fully competent to record the fact ; as to the antiquity of the 
]\ISS. or their value, they could not be supposed to give any 
judgment which lay beyond the horizon of their critical know- 
ledge. 

Cardinal Ximenes also bears a similar testimony as to the place 
from which he obtained the Greek MSS. He says, in his dedica- 
tion to Pope Leo X., after mentioning the pains which he had 
taken to procure Latin, Greek, and Hebrew MSS., " For Greek 
copies indeed we are indebted to your Holiness, who sent us most 

* " Non qufevis exemplaria impressioni huic archetypa fuisse : sed antiquissima 
cmcndatissimaque : ac tant® pra;terea vetustatis ut fidem eis abrogare ncfas vidcatur. 
Qua; sanctissimus in Christo pater et dominus noster Leo decimus pontifcx maximus 
liuic inetituto favere cupiens ex apostolioa bibliotheca educta naisit ad rcverendissi- 
mum doininum Cardinalem Hispanise ; de cujus authoritate et mandato hoc opus 
impriini fccimus." 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. D 

kindly from the apostolic library very ancient codices, both of the 
Old and the New Testament; which have aided ns very much in 
this undertaking."* 

When critical attention was paid to the text of the Greek New 
Testament, and to the MSS. from which the first printed edition 
was supposed to be derived, it was too hastily concluded from the 
editors' having mentioned that they had the use of very ancient 
MSS. from the papal library, that the celebrated Codex Yaticanus 
was amongst the number ; and as the actual readings of that 
valuable document were then almost entirely unknown, the 
Complutensian text was relied on by some, as if it could be taken 
as the representative of the Codex Vaticanus. 

Afterwards, when Greek MSS. were more extensively investi- 
gated, it was thought that those of the Complutensian Greek 
New Testament were probably still preserved at Alcala; and thus 
when the Danish professor Moldenhawer was in Spain for the 
purpose of examining Greek MSS., he visited Alcalk in 1784, in 
hopes of finding them in the university library. He could find 
none there of the Greek New Testament; and he imagined that, 
for some reason of suspicion, they were kept secret from him. 
At last he was told that, about the year 1749, they had been sold 
to a rocket-maker, as useless parchments. Michaelis, in mention- 
ing the result of these inquiries, says, "This prodigy of oarbarism 
I would not venture to relate, till Professor Tychsen, who accom- 
panied Moldenhawer, had given me fresh assurances of its truth." 

This account was for many years repeated and beheved, until, 
in 1821, Dr. Bowring cast some doubt on it: he did not however 
fully clear up the story, or explain how it originated. But we 
can now go farther, and say that the inquiry of Moldenhawer, and 
the reply which it received, were alike grounded on mistake. 
Dr. James Thomson made careful inquiries as to the MSS. be- 
longing to the university of Alcala, and the result (including an 

* " Atque ex ipsis quidem Grseca Sanctitati tuse debemus : qui ex ista apostolica 
bibliotlieca antiquissimos turn Yeteris turn Novi Testamenti codices perquam humane 
ad nos misisti : qui nobis in hoc negocio maximo fuerunt adjumento." 

The editors also say the same thing, in their preface to the reader, as to the OreeTc 
MSS. They add however, " Quibus etiam adjunximus aha non pauca: quorum parte 
ex Bessariords eastigatissimo codice summa diligentia transcriptam illustris Veneto- 
rum senatus ad nos misit," etc. 



6 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

account of tlie investigation made several years before by Dr. 
Bowring) was published in tlie Biblical Keview for March, 1847.* 
Thus we can regard as an ascertained fact, that all the MSS. 
which were formerly known as belonging to Cardinal Ximenes, 
and which were preserved in the library at Alcala, are now, with 
the rest of that library, at j\Iadrid; that the catalogue made in 
1745 correctly describes the MSS. which still exist; that at the 
time of the alleged sale to the rocket-maker, the library of Alcala 
was under the care of a really learned and careful librarian, who 
caused all the books of the library to be rebound. 

It remains, however, a fact, that a sale to a rocket-maker did 
take place at the time mentioned; but it could not have been of 
MSS. belonging to the library; so that there can be but little 
doubt, that the "useless parchments" thus disposed of, were the 
old covers of the books in the library, compacted of vellum and 
folded paper. 

Don Jose Gutierrez, the librarian at Madrid, furnished Dr. J. 
Thomson with a catalogue of the Complutensian MSS. ;t and 
from this it appears, that the principal ones used in the Polyglot 
are all safely preserved: the Greek New Testament is, however, 
contained in none of them ; also the one containing the LXX. 
does not include the Pentateuch. 

And thus we can only suppose that, when Moldenhawer was 
inquiring at Alcala for what that library never had possessed, and 
when he thought that the MSS. were concealed from him, the 
librarians, to remove the suspicion, and to satisfy his inquiries in 
some manner, referred to the sale of "useless parchments" in 
1749, as if it set the question at rest. Neither the Danish pro- 
fessor nor yet the Spanish librarians seem to have thought of the 
previous question, " Were any such MSS. emr in the library at 
Alcal^i?" 

As, then, the other MSS. used by the Complutensian editors 
are still in existence, and as the collection contains none of that 
part of the LXX. which comprises the Pentateuch or of the Greek 
New Testament, we have only an additional reason for believing 

* See the Appendix to this section, where Dr. Thomson's communication to the 
Biblif-al Review is subjoined. 
+ See the j\pi)cndii to this pcotion. 



I 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 7 

(what indeed never need have been doubted),* that the account 
given by the cardinal and the editors was a simple fact, that 
Greek MSS., both of the Old and the New Testament, were 
furnished from the Vatican hbrarj ; and to that library they were 
no doubt returned, when the object was accomplished for which 
they had been lent. Stunica, in his controversies with Erasmus, 
mentions a MS. which he calls Codex Rhodiensis, and which seems 
to have been his own; he cites it occasionally as an authority, 
but nothing more is known about it, nor did Stunica ever so 
describe it as to make its identification possible. 

It has been alleged, that if the date in the subscription to the 
Complutensian New Testament be true, it is impossible that it 
could have been edited from Greek MSS. sent by Pope Leo X. 
Bp. Marsh says (Notes to Michaelis, ii. 846), " Now Leo X. was 
elected pope March 11, 1513 ;t and yet the subscription at the 
end of the Revelation bears date Jan. 10, 1514. If therefore the 
MSS. were sent by Leo X., they must have arrived when at least 
three parts of the Greek Testament were already printed ; and yet 
the editors, in the preface at least, mention no other MSS." It 
does not appear on what data Bp. Marsh forms his conclusion, as 
to when the printing commenced. As the first edition of Eras- 
mus was completed in a far shorter time (see the following sec- 
tion) and as he was at that time overburdened with other editorial 
cares, which he had to sustain alone, there appears to be no suf- 
ficient reason for judging that the editors of the Complutensian 
text, who were several, and not distracted by other labours, could 
not have accomplished this work in the manner in which they say 
that they did. In fact, this argument only appears to be one of 
the many cases in which supposed improbabihties are brought 
forward to set aside direct testimonies.^ 

^ The doubt seems to have been diffused, if it did not originate, thi-ough a remark 
of Wetstein on the subject: "Neque dubito, quin, si accuratior inquisitio fieret,iidem 
illi codices, quibus usi sunt editores, adhuc hodie Compluti reperirentur, argumento 
ducto ex Melchioris de la Cerda Apparatu Latini Sermonis, Bibliothecse Hispanicse, 
p. 61." Wets. Proleg. in K T., p. 118. 

t Precision is needed here, as it is a question of time. Leo was elected on the 28th 
of Feb. 1513, and crowned on the 11th of March. 

X There se.ems to be no ground for questioning the date in the subscription to the 
volume of this book which contains the Kew Testament. We have the testimony of 
Cardinal Ximenes himself, that this volume (the fifth in order) was printed the first, 



8 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

One reason "wliy it was important to ascertain, if possible, on 
what MSS. the Complutensian edition was based, is, that, as being 
one of the primary texts, it is desirable to know what its authority 
may be, and how far readings which may have emanated from it 
are riglitly retained in other editions. But as the MSS. used by 
the editors are wholly unknown, we can only form a judgment as 
to their antiquity and value from the text itself; and this we are 
able to do very decidedly. Bishop Marsh observes (" Lectures on 
the Criticism of the Bible," page 96), " Wherever modern Greek 
MSS., — MSS. written in the thirteenth, fourteenth, or fifteenth cen- 
turies, — differ from the most ancient Greek MSS., and from the 
quotations of the early Greek fathers, in such characteristic read- 
ings the Complutensian Greek Testament almost invariably agrees 
with the modern, in opposition to the ancient ]\ISS. There 
cannot be a doubt, therefore, that the Complutensian text was 
formed from modern MSS. alone." 

Although doubts may be felt as to the erudition of the Com- 
plutensian editors, it need not be questioned that they really 
regarded the MSS. which they used as being ancient and valu- 
able. Such subjects were then but little investigated; and the 
work of editing the Greek New Testament was altogether new. 
That they were not very skilful in their work, may be seen from 
the circumstance that, in Heb. vii. 3, they have blended the title 
of the section of the epistle with the words of the text thus, fievet 
i€p€v<; eh TO 8L7)V6Ke<;, iv a) otl Kai tov ^AjSpaa/ii Trpoerc/jL-qOr]. Oeto- 
pecre k. t. A,.* It also need not be questioned, that the editors 
fully intended to use their MSS. fairly ; although, from their 
reverence for the Latin, they would certainly have regarded any 
Greek reading as being defective, if it did not accord with their 

—that then the Lexicons, etc., were prepared ; but the volume containing this appa- 
ratus, and the four which comprise the Old Testament, were all five printed and 
finished by July 10, 1517. This leaves but little more than eight months for each 
volume, to say nothing of the time occupied in preparing the Lexicons, etc. If the 
date Jan. 10, 1514, be doubted, as being too early, it makes the expedition used in 
printing the other volumes only the greater. But, really, the fact that the other five 
parts were printed in so few months each, is an argument that the New Testament 
volume was not long in the press. 

* It may, indeed, be said that this was an oversight on tlie part of Stunica and his 
coadjutors, which must not be judged too severely, as reflecting on their scholarship : 
in illustration of which reference may be made to the edition of the Latin and Greek 
Codex Laudianus of tlie Acts, published by Hearne in 1715, who in Acts v. 24 (in the 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 9 

valued translation. That tliey must in general have followed their 
Greek MS. (or MSS.) simply, is plain, from the passages being 
but few in which such an accusation could be made, as that of 
alteration to suit the Latin. 

Their estimate of the Latin Yulgate is shown by the astonish- 
ing comparison which they use, in connection with the arrange- 
ment of the Old Testament; where that version occupies the 
central column, with the original Hebrew on the one side, and 
the Greek LXX. on the other : this they compare to the position 
of Christ as crucified between two thieves^ — the unbelieving syna- 
gogue of the Jews, and the schismatical Greek church.* 

With this feeling of veneration, it can cause no surprise, that 
in 1 John v. 7, 8 they should have supplied in the Greek the tes- 
timony of the heavenly witnesses ; and also that they should have 
omitted the concluding clausule of the eighth verse. In both 
these changes they evidently thought that they were doing right ; 
for in the controversy between Stunica and Erasmus, the latter 
inquired by what authority the Complutensian editors had in- 
serted 1 John V. 7, and whether they really had MSS. so different 
from any that Erasmus himself had seen : to this the answer was 
given by Stunica, " You must know that the copies of the Greeks 

MS. folio 38 b.), inserted a Latin word in the ftreek column as two G-reek words ; 
reading tlius : 

Kai CTTpaTTJYOS 

Tou lepou 

Kai ot apxiepets 

MENTE KM SiyjTTopow, 

and in a note ne reflects on the inaccuracy of Mill, who had cited the various reading 
without M€VT6. The word really belongs to the Latin column, which precedes the 
Greek: thus, 

MIEAEI COEPERUNT E0AYMAZON 

ET CONFUNDEBANTUE MENTE KAI MHnOPOYN, 

where the length of the Latin line causes it to run on into the Greek column. 

* " Mediam autem inter has Latinam beati Hieronymi translationem, velut inter 
synagogam et Orientalem Ecclesiam posuimus ; tanquam duos hinc et inde latrones, 
medium autem Jesum, hoc est Eomanam sive Latinam ecclesiam collocantes. Hsec 
enim sola supra firmam petram sedificata (reliquis a recta Scripturse intelligentia 
quandoquidem deyiantibus) immobilis semper in veritate permansit." 

Profound, however, as was their reverence for the Eomish church, they knew 
nothing of those dogmas which were authorised at Trent, thirty years afterwards, for 
canonising the Apocrypha. " At vero libri extra canonem^ quos ecclesia potius ad 
sedificationem populi, quam ad autoritatem ecclesiasticorum dogmatum confirman- 
dum recipit : Grgecam tantum habent scripturam," etc. 



10 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

are corrupted; tliat OURS, however, contain tlie very truth."* 
Tliis was quite enough for them; and this passac/e, in this edition, 
demands particular attention, because it is in this one place that 
the Greek Testaments in common use have been affected by the 
Complutcnsian text. 

In omitting the final words of ver. 8, koX ol Tp6l<^ eh to ev elacv, 
S tunica and his coadjutors were guided by what they considered 
to be the judgment of the Lateran council, and the authority of 
Thomas Aquinas; for they justify the non-insertion by a note in 
their margin; this being one of the veri/ few annotations which 
they have subjoined. On the same grounds as they assign for the 
omission in the Greek, these words are left out in Latin MSS. 
subsequent to the year 1215. 

Besides this passage, however, there are very few places in 
which the charge of conforming the Greek to the Latin has been 
suggested ; although the variations of the two must have been 
prominently brought before the attention of the editors, because 
they affix a letter of reference to each word, and they use the 
same letter again in the Latin column, to connect the two texts 
verbally, where that is practicable. It should be added, that the 
Latin Vulgate is given by the Complutcnsian editors with more 
accuracy than had previously been shown in printing it. 

Stunica and his fellow-editors have not given the Greek text 
with the common accents; but they have marked every word of 
two or more syllables with an acute accent on the tone-syllable. 
In their preface, the editors refer to the peculiar manner in which 
they had printed the Greek; and they defend it on the ground 
that accents, breathings (which they omit, except in the case of 
T), etc., are no parts of the genuine text, and that they are 
omitted in the more ancient copies, and consequently they wished 
to leave the sacred text with " its majesty and beauty untouched " : 
they add, however, that they have marked the tone-syllable of 
each word with a simple apex, " not as the Greek accent, but as a 
mark and sign for the guidance of the reader." So that, if the 
" grace and majesty of the text" depended on its not being 
printed with any grammatical additions, it would be as much 

* "Sciendum est, Gi'aecorum codices esse corruptos ; uostros vcro ipsam veritatem 
routincre." 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 11 

marred by tlie Complutensian editors as if they had used the 
common accents. 

The Greek type, in the New Testament, is large and peculiar : 
in the LXX., however, they used such characters as were then 
common. 

The New Testament appeared with the brief title, " Nouum 
testamentum grece et latine in academia complutensi nouiter im- 
pressum" ; this is in the lower part of a page, above which (as in 
the other volumes) appear the arms of the cardinal. 

The Complutensian text never came into general use : before it 
was published, another edition had pre-occupied the ground ; it 
was, however, followed by several impressions at a later period, 
especially from the press of Plantin at Antwerp, and at Geneva. 

There are passages in which the readings of this edition may 
well be compared with those of Erasmus ; some in which the 
Latin and Greek texts differ will be noticed in speaking of the 
Erasmian text. 



APPENDIX TO SECTION 1. 

The remarks on the Complutensian MSS. by Dr. James Thomson, and the 
catalogue furnished to him by Don Jose Gutierrez, the librarian at Madrid, 
were communicated to the Biblical Eeview : from that work they were trans- 
ferred to the pages of at least one other periodical ; and it has been thought 
well to insert them in this place because of their importance as bearing on the 
history of the Complutensian text ; and also in order to bring them before 
some who might be unacquainted with them, as appearing only in periodical 
publications. 

On the catalogue, it may be remarked, that the Greek MS. of part of the 
LXX. is in all probability the copy of the MS. of Bessarion, which was 
transmitted from Venice to the cardinal ; and that the Pentateuch and the 
New Testament were probably those parts of the Scripture, for Greek copies 
of which the editors were indebted to the papal library. 



12 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 



THE CRITICAL SOURCES OF THE COMPLUTENSIAN 
POLYGLOT.^' 

EEPEINTED FEOM TUE BIBLICAL EEVIEW, NO. XV. 

{To tie Editors of The Biblical Revieio.) 

London^ February Uh^ 1847. 

Dear Sirs, — I take the liberty of forwarding to you a communication 
analogous, as I conceive, to the objects of your Review, and I shall feel 
obliged by your giving it a place in your periodical at your earliest con- 
venience. 

The first edition of the Greek New Testament ever printed, it is well 
known, is that contained in the Complutensian Polyglot. It was printed in 
1514, but was not issued to the public till 1522. In the meantime Erasmus 
printed his edition in 1516, and reprinted it again in 1519 and 1522. The 
editions following these, and which were printed in 1527 and 1535, were in 
several places affected by the readings in the Complutensian. Stephens's 
edition afterwards, and also the Elzevir, were in like manner affected by the 
Complutensian, and hence our Textus Receptus. From these circumstances, 
and in consideration that the Complutensian Bible was the first Polyglot, and 
published by a cardinal, it became an object of no little interest to know what 
were the manuscripts used in the formation of this edition of the Bible. 

In the earlier editions of the valuable work of the Rev. T. Hartwell Home, 
in his " Introduction to the Critical Study and Knowledge of the Holy Scrip- 
tures," there are some notices given respecting these manuscripts, on the 
authority of IMichaelis, but of a very discouraging nature. It is said that 
when they were sought for, information was given, that they had for a long 
time disappeared, having been sold, as waste materials, to be made into sky- 
rockets. 

Soon after I returned from South America, in 1825, I became acquainted 
with several Spanish refugees then in London, and among these was a learned 
Spanish priest, whose name is, I believe, pretty well known in this country, 
— I mean Don Lorenzo Villanueva. I remember particularly having men- 
tioned the opinion current respecting these manuscripts to this gentleman, 
intimating that it would be desirable that a new search should be made for 
them, as probably what had been reported concerning their fate might not be 
true. Mr. Villanueva discredited the common report about these manuscripts, 

• We are indebted for the following paper to Dr. James Thomson, a highly respected agent 
of the Bible Society ; and we feel it due to that gentleman to express oiir gratitude for so valu- 
able a communication. 



OP THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 13 

and expressed his belief of their existence still in Alcala, where they had been 
deposited, and mentioned some circumstances in favour of his entertaining that 
opinion on the subject. 

On my return from Mexico, in 1844, I had thoughts of going into Spain 
on the part of the Bible Society, and wished to obtain all the information I 
could respecting that country. I had then the pleasure of becoming ac- 
quainted with Don Pedro Gomez de la Serna, who had been one of the Secre- 
taries of State during the regency of Espartero, and who came over to this 
country with the ex-regent. This gentleman held for some time the situation 
of Eector of the University of Madrid, which is the same establishment that 
was formerly at Alcala, it having been some time ago removed from the latter 
to the former place. I had thus a favourable opportunity of extending my 
inquiries about these manuscripts. Mr. La Serna expressed his view as coincid- 
ing with Mr. Villanueva's, which I had mentioned to him, and indeed expressed 
his confident belief as to the existence of the manuscripts entire at the present 
day in the archives of that University, the same as they were left there by 
Cardinal Ximenes. He had heard the report that was current about the van- 
dalic destruction of these manuscripts, and felt grieved that his country in 
this matter should have been thus maligned. In conversing further on this 
subject, it was agreed that he should write to the present Rector of the Uni- 
versity, who is his particular friend, in order to make the proper inquiries. 
We soon heard from this gentleman, who stated that all the manuscripts were 
there, and in good preservation. Subsequently the rector was written to by 
his friend here, begging that a catalogue of the manuscripts might be sent ; 
for it was desirable to know, not only their existence, but also what was the 
nature of them, as bearing on the great subject of Biblical criticism. This 
catalogue was sent, and is now in my hands. On mentioning the circum- 
stances here noticed to Mr. Hartwell Home, and inquiring of him what perio- 
dical would be the most suitable for giving to the public this definite knowledge 
of these interesting manuscripts, he mentioned yours. 

It is to be understood, that the manuscripts in this catalogue are those 
which belonged to the cardinal himself. There were others used besides in 
the formation of his Polyglot, which were said to have been sent him from 
Rome, and returned after the work was completed. Of these Roman manu- 
scripts nothing is yet known, as to their number or value. 

The last edition of Mr. Hartwell Home's work, published last year, came 
into my hands soon after its issue, and on looking into it in regard to this sub- 
ject, I found that the common and evil report respecting these manuscripts 
had been changed, by a communication from Dr. Bowring, and I afterwards 
learned that the two preceding editions contained the same notices. I in- 
formed my friend La Serna of this more favourable view, and he was greatly 
relieved by it. 

It appears to me that it would be suitable to bring forward here all that has 
been said against and for these manuscripts, that the whole subject might be 
viewed together, many perhaps being little acquainted with the particulars of 



14 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

the case, I therefore give you, first, what is found in Marsh's Michaelis, and 
then the notices of Dr. Bo-\vring, after which will follow the catalogue. 

Before I close, I would beg leave to express my confident belief, arising 
from the intercourse held with the parties concerned, that the freest access 
will be given to any one, both to see, and also to examine with every minute- 
ness, these manuscripts. 

I remain. Gentlemen, 

Respectfully and faithfully yours, 

James Thomson. 

See Marsh's Michaelis on the New Testament, vol. ii. part i. pp. 440, 441 : 
— 1793. After speaking of the arguments for and against the Complutensian 
Polyglot, he says — 

"In this situation it was natural for every friend to criticism to wish that the 
manuscripts used in this edition, which might be supposed to have been preserved at 
Alcala, should be collated anew. But the inconceivable ignorance and stupidity of a 
hbrarian at Alcala, about the year 1749, has rendered it impossible that these wishes 
should ever be gratified. Professor Moldenhawer, who was in Spain in 1784, went to 
Alcala for the very purpose of discovering those manuscripts ; and being able to find 
none, suspected that they were designedly kept secret from him, though contrary to 
the generous treatment which he had at other times experienced in that country. At 
last he discovered that a very illiterate librarian, about thii'ty-five years before, who 
wanted room for some new books, sold the ancient vellum manuscripts to one Toryo, 
who dealt in fireworks, as materials for making rockets." 

In a note to this statement he says as follows : — 

" The account which he gives is the following : — 'As the University of Alcala has a 
very considerable library, and has existed many centuries, it was reasonable to sup- 
pose, that it contained many manuscripts. Gromez declares that they cost 4000 aurei, 
and that among them were seven of the Hebrew Bible. In this library it is highly 
probable that the Greek manuscripts were deposited which were used for the Com- 
plutensian edition, and of which the German literati have so long wished to have 
some intelligence. But all these manuscripts were sold in a lump, about thirty-five 
years ago, to a rocket-maker of the name of Toryo, and were put down in the libra- 
rian's account como memhranas iniitiles.^ Martinez, a man of learning, and particu- 
larly skilled in the Greek language, heard of it soon after they were sold, and hastened 
to save these treasures fi'om destruction ; but it was too late, for tliey were already 
destroyed, except a few scattered leaves, which are now pi-eserved in the library. 
That the number of manuscripts was very considerable, appears from the following 
circumstance. One Eodan assured Bayer, that he had seen the receipt which was 
given to the purchaser, from which it appeared that the money was paid at two dif- 
ferent payments.'" 

See Monthly Repository, vol. xiv. p. 596, note. Dr. Bowring says, on 
visiting Alcala, in 1819 — 

" I inquired for the manuscripts of Ximenes Cisneros : they had been cut up for 
sky-rockets, to celebrate the arrival of some worthless grandee." 

• As useless parchmenta. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 15 

In the Monthly Repository, vol. xvi. p. 203, Dr. Bowring writes — 

"Hackney, March 29th, 1821 : — Having been instrumental in the circulation of a 
misstatement, originally, but certainly unintentionally, made by Michaelis, I beg you 
will allow me to correct it. That misstatement regarded the destruction of the 
manuscripts at Alcala, from which Ximenes' Polyglot was made. 

" Those manuscripts never were employed, though the story has been frequently 
repeated, for the purpose of making rockets. The oldest catalogue which exists of 
the books at the Alcala University, is of the date of 1745. There is a prologue to it, 
complaining of damage done to other manuscripts of less value, but no reference to 
any loss of these scriptural documents. In the middle of the last century a famous 
firework manufacturer (called Torija) lived at Alcala, but he was a man of letters, 
with whom the most eminent of the professors were accustomed to associate ; it is 
impossible he should have been instrumental in such an act of barbarism. But what 
demonstrates the falsity of the supposition is that Alvaro Gomez, who, in the 16th 
century, published his work ' De rebus gestis Cardinalis Francisci Ximenes de Cis- 
neros,' there affirms that the number of Hebrew manuscripts in the University was 
only seven, and seven is the number that now remains. 

" The period in which these manuscripts are said to have been so indignantly treated, 
was one when the library was under the judicious care of a man of considerable emi- 
nence, and when the whole of the manuscripts, amounting to 160, were handsomely 
bound. There are at Alcala, indeed, no Greek manuscripts of the whole Bible ; but 
we are told by Gomez, that Leo the X. lent to Ximenes those he required from the 
Vatican, which were returned as soon as the Polyglot was completed. These were 
probably taken charge of by Demetrius, the Greek, who was sent into Spain at this 
period by the Pope. It must not be forgotten that Ximenes' character was one of a 
strange affisction for economy, of which everything at Alcala bears proofs. That 
which he could borrow he would not buy. His ambition, proud as it was, was minis- 
tered to by his avarice as well as his vanity.— John Bowking-." 



" Catdlogo de los Codices mamiscrltos que se tuvieron presentes a la formacion de la 
Bihlia Complutense,Jlelmenfe sacado del iiidice de la JBiblioteca de la Universidad 
de Alcala, hoy de esta carte, por Don Jose Gutierrez, ojlcial de la misma.* 

Manuscritos Latinos.f 
Biblia Latina maximse molis charactere Gothico antiquissimo exarata, cui Complu- 
tenses in prologo ad Biblia plus octingentos annos antiquitatis tribuebant, quod 
etiam ab illis scriptum legitur ad calcem annotationum in Liram de dilFerentiis 

Vet. Testam. ubi sic habent et notandum quod intelligimus quosdam vetus- 

tissimos Codices Gothicis characteribus propter nimiam antiquitatem scriptos, quos 
constat esse a temporibus destructionis Hispanise fueruntque reperti in civitate 
Toletana et deinde in Libraria CoUegii Complutensis collocati: totum Vetus et 
Novum Testamentum comprehendit. Sed sunt ibi alia Biblia Latina ejusdem folii 
et characteris, ut ab eadem manu conscripta videri possint, nisi quia horum charac- 
ter paulo rotundior est : Codex est ejusdem molis ac prsecedens prseter crassitud. 
ineipiens ab ultimis verbis cap. 7, Proverb, et terminat in Apocalypsi, Principio et 

* Catalogue of the Manuscripts wMcli were used in the formation of the Complutensian Poly- 
glot, faithfully copied from the list in the Library of the University of Alcala [Complutum] , now 
of Madrid, by Don Jose Gutierrez, Librarian. 

t Latin Manuscripts. 



16 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

line caret, estque ejusdem omnino notae cum precedent!. Utrumque Vol. mem- 
branaceum. — Dos tomos, en pasta. [Two volumes, hound.} 

Biblia Latina duobus voluminibus maximae molis compreliensa : continentur hsec et 
hoc ordine : Grenesis initio carens ad cap. 12. Exodus, 4 Eegum defectivus : Isaias, 
Hiercmia} Prophctia : Baruch : cetera Hieremise (cujus Lamentatioues iterum scri- 
buntui' ad marginem cum notis musicis, quod in aliis quoque libris fit,) Ezeqmel, 
Prophetaj minores, Job, Psalmi, Proverbia, Paraboloe, Ecclesiastes, Cantica, Sapi- 
entia, Ecclesiastici qusedam, varia particularium dierum Evangelia : totum Novum 
Testamentum suo ordine. — Apocalypsis liber defectivus est a cap. 25. Codices 
membranacei quorum character crassus est, et quadratus cum frequentibus ad 
marginem notis, licet minutiore charactere et alterius recentioris nonnunquam de 
horum antiquitate sic Complutenses ad Liram ubi supra : sunt etiam ibi in Biblio- 
theca Complutensis Collegii alii codices licet non tarn antiqui, sed tamen cum illis 
antiquissimis mirum in modum concordantes : vident-or sseculi XII. — Dos tomos, 
6)1 pasta. 

Psalterium et Cantica cum glossa, acephalos et ateles. Codex Latinus membrana- 
ceus, charactere rotundo eodem cum eo qui est in glossa ad epistolas Pauli ut idem 
calamus videtur. — Tin tomo, en pasta. [One volume, hound.'] 

Commentaria in Apocalypsim Sancti Joannis. Codex membranaceus, charactere 
quadrato descriptus : de auctore nil constat, aut de tempore ; videtur tamen esse 
satis antiquus. — Un tamo, en pasta. 

Pauli Apostoli (S.) Epistolae: cum glossa seu expositione marginali et interlineali 
characteris minutioris. Codex membranaceis foliis affabre perpolitis exaratus, 
cujus literse initiales miniaturis, et flosculis ornantm'. Nil legitur de tempore, sed 
est valde antiquus. — Un tomo, en pasta. 

Expositio sive Commentaria Historica in Lib. Numerorum a cap. 1, usque ad XIX. 
inclusive. Codex papyraceus charactere cursivo veteri exaratus, in quo nihil de 
ejus Auct. et vetustate legitur. — TJn tomo, en pasta. 

Novum Testamentum a DD. Complutensibus annotatum, quorum annotationes post 
nium seorsim collectse reperiuntm' : Codex papyraceus cujus character illius tem- 
poris est, quo Biblia Compluteusia elaborabantur. Item : adjuuguntur Laurentii 
Valla) Aduotationes apprime utiles in Latinam Novi Testamenti interpretationem, 
ex collatione Grajcorum exemplarium Parisiis prselo excussae typis Ascensianis 
Anno 1505, cum prologo Desiderii Erasmi Eoterdami. Item : aliud opusculum 
itidem praelo excussum sine loco et anno cui titulus ; Interpretationes Hebi'seorum, 
Chaldeorum, Grsecorumque nominum Novi Testamenti. — Un tomo, en pasta. 

Scriptura3 Sacrse Yocabulorum Acceptiones, sive significationes varise, qua5 in diversis 
sacra) paginse locis jacent incognitse. Codex membranaceus innominati auctoris, 
charactere quadrato antiquo exaratus, in quo nil de tempore constat. — TJn tomo, en 
pasta. 

Expositio sive Commentaria Latina in Psalmos, innominati auctoris. Prsecedit pro- 
logus, qui quidem videtur esse epistola Divi Ilieronimi. Codex membranaceus, 
charactere quadrato minuto exaratus anno D.N.I. 1269, ut patet ex nota quad, in 
primo fol. — Un tomo, en pasta. 

Sanctoralc maxima) molis in tria volumina divisum, sanctorum vitas per ordinem 
dierum anui contincns : Prinium incipit a D. Stephano (nam acephalon est,) et 
dcsinit in vitam S. Pontii Martyris V. id. Mali: Secundum a D. Marcellino, et 
Pcfro, die mensis Julii secunda, et explicit in translatione S. Nicolai fine mensis 
Augusti : Tcrtium incipit a D. Antonio, cui pra)cedit vita) alterius (forte Divi 
jEgydii Abbatis) fragmentum, et finit in translatione S. Isidoi'i die 25 Decembris ; 
litcra est initialis, qualis in libris Chori, Ecclesia)que usui dcscrvit ; littera; initiales 
qua) plane maxima) sunt, auro, minioque, et aliis coloribus mirifice variegatse exor- 
nantur, (piarum non pauco) avulsa) sunt propter incuriam, ut nonnullai quae in ipso 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 17 

opens ordine in Codicibus deesse deprehenduntur ; nam codices imperfecti sunt 
initio, et calce, prgeter tertium cui in fine nil deest.—Tres tomos, en pasta. {Three 
volumes^ bound.] 

Manuscritos Selreos y Griegos?^ 
Bibliorum volumen Grgecum incipiens a Lib. Judicum, et expliciens lib. Macba- 
beorum : Codex membranaceus, charactere cursivo exaratus. Yidetur esse unum 
ex transcriptis qu£e ex Bessarionis Codice a Yenetorum senatu Em™"- Cardinali 
Ximenio ad Bibliorum editionem missae ; memoratur in Prol. ad Lectorem Biblio- 
rum Complutensium. — Tin tomo, en pasta. 
Bibliorum volumina duo Chaldaica cum Latina interpretatione e regione apposita, 
quorum primum continet Propbetas : secundum ad Esther, ad Cantica Canticorum 
cum notis manu Alpbonsi de Zamora ad marginem appositis : opus ab AA. Com- 
plutensibus elaboratum, sed in suis Bibliis omissum ; editum autem a Benedict© 
Aria Montano in Bibliis Eegiis in regione inferiore, qua de causa vide ibi in eorum 
prologo. Codices 2 membranaeei anno 1517 exarati, ut videre est in notis ad calcem 
ipsorum appositis. — Bos tomos., en pasta. 
Bibliorum volumen Hebraicum continens Pentateuchum a cap. 9. Geneseos cum 
Parapbrasi Chaldaica et Eabbinica ad margines : sequuntur varia Yeteris Testa- 
menti capitula cum eadem Parapbrasi : ultimum caput ex Ezecbiele desumitur nee 
finitur, caret enim fine. Codex membranaceus, charactere grandiori, elegante et 
quadrato exaratus cum Massora recensione quod ex atramenti diversitate coUiqui- 
tur. De ejus antiquitate nil inibi legitur, est tamen valde vetus. — Un tomo, en 
pasta. 
Biblia Hebraica charactere quadrato elegantissimo conscripta, ad cujus finem notam 
oblongam charactere itidem Hebraico, rudioris tamen formse exhibet in qua legitur 
nobilissimos B. Isaac et E,. Abraham medicos, honorabilis B. Maimonidis filios, 
sacrum hoc volumen sibi pretio comparasse Toleti anno mundi 5040 (Christi 1280). 
Codex est membranaceus omnes Yeteris Testamenti Libros in Canone Judseorum 
receptos, continens, auro aliisque coloribus in initialibus venuste ornatus. Ad 
margines invenitur Massora parva et magna diversi, ut videtur, atramenti, Uteris 
minutissimis hinc inde in varias figuras et flosculos artificiosissime redactis et con- 
tortis, ut fert Judseorum consuetudo. Id vero maxime reddit hunc codicem com- 
mendatione dignum, antiquitatem adeo miram redolere, ut saltern cum antiquioribus 
etiam Pentateucho Dominicano Bononiensimerito contendere possit. — Un tomo^ en 
pasta. 
Al final de esta Biblia se lee la siguiente : — ''Nota: Babbi Joseph Erasmo Moyses 
Judio convertido a nuestra santa fee catholica dixo al ver esta BibHa el ano 
1756. ' Que no tenia semejante, que no habia otra ; que no habia precio a su 
digna estimacion: que sus notas al margin la hacian tan singular que a cogerlas 
los Judios las pusieran entre diamantes.' — Ponela de antiguedad como de 1800 
anos. Es hombre muy erudito en Hebreo y Biblias. Mui conocido en especial 
en Salamanca, donde enseilo. Estuvo aqui el ano de 1756.' — Tiene este libro 
trescientas trienta y ocho fojas utiles.f 
Biblia item Hebraica alia integra nitidissimo quoque charactere exarata cum Mas- 
sora, et aureis literis in Librorum initiis, ad cujus calcem hsec nota Hebraico idio- 

* Hebrew and Greek Manuscripts. 

t At the end of this Bible there is the following: — ' JSfoie : Eabbi Joseph Erasmus Moses, a 
Jew converted to our holy CathoHc faith, said, on seeing this Bible in the year 1756, * that there 
was none like it, or at all equal to it, that it was above all price, that the notes in the margin 
made it so singular, that the Jews, could they obtain it, would enclose it with diamonds.' He 
gave to it an antiquity of 1800 years. This individual was very learned in the Hebrew language, 
and skilled in regard to Bibles. He was well known, especially in Salamanca, where he gave in- 
structions. He was in Madrid in 1756.'— This Book contains 338 leaves, in good condition. 

3 



18 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

mate legitur: Ego Jom tov* filius sapientis Eabbi Isahac sat, Amarilio scripsi 

hunc libnim, qui vocattir Sauctuarium Domini et perfeci ilium in mense 

Thebeth anni crcationis generis nostri 242 sexti millenarii in Tarasonah.— C/» 
tomo^ en pasta. 

Zamora (Alphonsi de) Intcrpretationes Chaldeorum, Hebrseorum atque Grsecorum 
nominum in tota serie Latini Canonis, tarn Veter. quam Novi Testamenti conten- 
torum. Codex autograpbus. — Un tomo, en pasta. 

Zamora (Alpbousi de) Interpretatio Latina ex Hebraico Veteris Testamenti ad ver- 
bum interlinealis tribus codicibus, quorum primus continet Genesim, secundus 
Exodum, tertius Propbetas majores : Codices papyrac. autograpbi. — Tres tomos, en 
pasta. 

Pentateuchum Cbaldaicum cum Targ. Codex membranaceus alicubi in papyro a 
Zamora suppletus : antiquitas ejus non claret, nam initio et fine carebat nisi & 
Zamora perficeretm". — Un tomo, en pasta. 

Abrabam (Rabbi Aben Ezrse) Peruse, in Genesim et Exodum : Codex papyraceus 
cum membranis interjectis, cbaractere Eabbinico exaratus, antiquus, sed nil est 
certum. — Un tomo, en pasta. 

Kimcbi (Rabbi David) Perus. Sepber Jiesbaian, sive expositio libri Isaise. Codex 
papyraceus elegans, cbaractere Rabbinico exaratus ; ad medium ejus legitur nota 

scribse quae sic babet : Ego Salomon Ben Abrabam scripsi banc exposi- 

tionem, et conclusi illam in anno 206, minor, supput, Cbristi 1446. In fine 

defectivus est, et in principio ab Alpbonso de Zamora quod deerat, suppletus. — Un 
tomo, en pasta. 

Cbaiim (Rabbi Ben Samuelis) forte Toletanus ille, de quo Bartol. part. 2, folio 837, 
cod. 541). Parapbrasis in Esaiam, Hebraico Idiomate. Codex papyraceus cum 
pauculis membranis interjectis, cbaractere Rabbinico exaratus, et alicubi ab Al- 
pbonso de Zamora suppletus, cujus est nota ad calcem ubi dicit se bujus libri defec- 
tus supplevisse anno Cbristi 1532 : buic alia antecedit nota, ubi dicitur librum esse 
Rabbi Cbaiim Ben Samuelis, et scriptum fuisse anno mundi 5291, Cbristi 1241. 
Hujus notse calamus idem est, qui totum librum exaravit. — Un tomo, en pasta. 

Pentateucbum Hebraicum in initio et fine ab Alpbonso de Zamora suppletus in 
papyro : membranaceus codex, cbaractere quadrato eleganti exaratus sine temporis 
nota. — Uti tomo, en pasta. 

Psalterium Grsecum : Codex papyraceus incipiens ab ultimo versu primi psalmi (nam 

caitera desunt) antiquus, ut ex cbaractere patet, sed ibi nil certum legitur.— Z7n 

tomo, en pasta. 

Los trienta volumenes qtie espresa este catalogo se Italian todos hoy dia de la 

fecha en la Biblioteca de la Universidad Literaria de esta Corte. — Madrid seis 

de Mayo de mil ochocientos cuarenta y seis. — Ul ojicial de Biblioteca, 

Jose GuTiEEEEz."t 



* The two words (Jom to^) are copied exactly from the manuscript. 

t The thirty volumes which this Catalogue contains, are all at the present time in the Library 
of the University of Literature in this city. — Madrid, 6th May, 1846. 

Jose Gutiebhez, Librarian. 



[This catalogue appears to be verbally incorrect in a few places; it is here 
simply reprinted : it supplies more positive information as to the other parts of 
the Compliitensian edition, than as to the New Testament.] 



OP THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 19 



§ 2.— THE EDITIONS OF ERASMUS. 

Although Cardinal Ximenes had caused tlie first Greek New 
Testament to be printed, yet from his deferring its publication 
until the whole of his Polyglot should be finished, the first puh- 
lislied Greek Testament was given to the world by others. The 
enterprise of Feoben, the printer of Basle, and the editorial care 
of Erasmus, anticipated the work prepared under the patronage 
of Ximenes. 

The first edition of Erasmus had found its way to Spain while 
Cardinal Ximenes was yet living : and although he saw that 
his own edition was anticipated, he had the nobility of spirit to 
repress the remarks by which Stunica sought to depreciate the 
work which a rival scholar had edited. *' I would (he said) that 
all might thus prophesy (referring to Num. xi. 29); produce what 
is better, if thou canst ; do not condemn the industry of another r 

It appears that Froben, the printer of Basle, wished to anticipate 
the edition of the Greek Testament which was (as he heard) in 
preparation in Spain. He, therefore, knowing that Erasmus had 
paid attention to the Greek MSS. of the sacred volume, caused 
application to be made to him, through a friend, proposing that 
ic should be immediately undertaken at his office. 

This was on April 17, 1515. It seems as if Erasmus had 
before this made some preparations for such a work, as to the 
revised Latin translation, which accompanied his Greek Testa- 
ment, and the annotations which were subjoined. All these parts 
had, however, yet to be brought into a suitable form for publica- 
tion. Erasmus was in England when the proposition of Froben 
was sent to him ; tl^is was reiterated ; and not only did this 
energetic printer ask him to undertake the New Testament, but 
he also made application to him for his editorial care for various 
other works. He seems to have reached Basle in the course of 
the summer of 1515; but on Sept. 11, it was as yet undetermined 
whether the Latin translation should stand by the side of the 
Greek in a parallel column, or should appear in a separate volume; 



20 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

for on that day Gcrbclius wrote to Erasmus on tlie subject, strongly 
advising tliat the Greek text should be separate, for convenience 
of use and portability. A few days after this, CEcolampadius 
joined Erasmus at Basle to assist him in correcting the proof 
sheets; for he was at this same time over-occupied in editing the 
works of Jerome, as well as other literary labours. 

In less than six months from the commencement of the print- 
ing, the whole volume was completed.* The date on the back 
of the title page is " Sexto Calendas Martias, anno M.D.XVI"; 
that at the end of the dedication to Pope Leo X. is "M.D.XVI. 
Calendis Februariis"; at the end of the whole volume, is " Mense 
Februario, anno M.D.XVI."; while at the end of the annotations 
the date is given " M.D.XVI. Kalendis Martij." 

The publication appears to have taken place immediately. 
Erasmus mentions in his letters, that copies were at once sent to 
various persons besides Pope Leo, to whom it was dedicated. As 
the first publication in print of the original text of the Christian 
Scriptures, its appearance was an event of no small importance. 
We may, indeed, regard it as a mark of the overruling of God's 
providence that just before the Reformation was about to burst 
forth, leading so many to inquire into the Scripture doctrine of 
justification through faith in the sacrifice of Christ, it was so 
ordered that the Scripture in the original language should appear, 
so as to lead inquirers to study it in the tongue in which it was 
given forth by the inspiration of the Holy Ghost. 

The first edition of Erasmus was thus printed and published in 
extreme haste.f The ]\ISS. used for it are still, for the most 
part, preserved in the library at Basle, so that we arc not left to 
mere conjecture as to their value and antiquity. Erasmus seems 



* Nouum instrumcntum omne, diligcnler ab Erasmo Roterodamo rccognitum et 
emendatum, non solum ad GraDcam ucritatcm ucrum etiara ad multorura utriusq; 
lingua) codicum corumq; uetcrum simul et emendatorum fidcm, postremo ad pro- 
bat iesimorum autorum citationcin, cmcndationem et interprctationem, prcecipue, 
Origenis, Chrysostomi, CjTilli, Vulgarij, Ilicronymi, Cypriaui, Ambrosij, Hilarij, 
Augustini, una cum annotationibus, quae lectorem doceant, quid qua rationc muta- 
tum sit. 

t Wetsteiu indeed asks, "At quomodo ipsam fostinationcm exousavit, aut quis 
ipsum eo adfi/it ut festinaret ?" The fact of the case, however, was tliat Erasmus 
was in Frobcn's hands, who would leave no stone unturned to get his edition into the 
hands of the public before that which was already finished at Alcala. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 21 

in general to have used them as diligently as the extreme speed 
that was needed, allowed. For the Apocalypse he had but one 
mutilated MS., borrowed from Reuchlin, in which the text and 
commentary were intermixed almost unintelligibly. And thus 
he used here and there the Latin Vulgate for his guide, retrans- 
lating into Greek as well as he -could. This was the case with 
regard to the last six verses, which from the mutilated condition 
of his MS. were wholly wanting. 

In other places, also, he used the Latin Yulgate to supply what 
he supposed to be deficient in his MSS., in the same manner in 
which the Complutensian editors had done, only with greater 
frequency. 

The publication of Erasmus's first edition excited great atten- 
tion amongst scholars and theologians. There were many who 
hailed its appearance, while others condemned it on every pos- 
sible ground. If he had been content with publishing the Greek 
text, or if he had only subjoined the Latin Vulgate, as then in 
common use, all might have been well ; but his own revised Latin 
version was regarded as such an innovation, that every variation 
from what had been commonly read, was regarded as presumption 
or even as heresy. In fact the outcry with which Jerome had 
once been assailed was now renewed against Erasmus. The anno- 
tations also by which he justified what were regarded as his in- 
novations were fresh causes of displeasure to many amongst the 
monkish theologians of the day. 

He did not insert the testimony of the heavenly witnesses, 
1 John V. 7, and this was a ground of suspicion on the part of 
many. It was in vain for him to say that it was not his place, as 
an editor, to add to the Greek text which was before him ; he was 
treated (as other critics have since been) as though it had been 
his duty to have invented evidence when he did not find it. The 
controversies in which Erasmus was involved, in consequence of 
the publication of his Greek Testament, are not without instruc- 
tion to us ; for we thus see what were the opinions on critical 
subjects which were current in that day. He was attacked by 
Edward Lee, afterwards Archbishop of York, and also by Stunica, 
the Complutensian editor. The ignorance and presumption of the 
former, are such as might seem almost incredible. If Erasmus's 



22 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

MSS. did not contain what Lee said ought to have been there, 
he should have condemned and rejected them as worthless! 
Stunica was an antagonist of a different stamp ; * and he had the 
tact to point out the marks of overhaste in the edition of Eras- 
mus, and to object to those things which really required correc- 
tion. 

Especially did Lee and Stunica complain of the omission of 
1 John V. 7 ; and it was in vain for Erasmus to answer that this 
was a case not of omission^ but simply of non-addition. He showed 
that even some Latin copies did not contain the verse ; and that 
Cyril of Alexandria, in his "Thesaurus," so cited the context of 
the passage as to show that he knew nothing of the words in 
question. All this availed nothing in a dispute with dogmatic 
reasoners. At length Erasmus promised that if a Greek MS. 
were produced which contained the words, he would insert 
them. It was some time, however, before such a MS. made its 
appearance. In the course of the discussions on this passage, 
the authority of the Codex Vaticanus was appealed to for the first 
time in a point of criticism. Erasmus requested his friend, 
Paulus Bombasius, at Kome, to examine the Codex Vaticanus for 
him as to this passage; and accordingly, in a letter, dated Rome, 
June 18, 1521, he sent him a transcript of the introductory 
verses of both the 4th and the 5th chapters of St. John's 1st 
Epistle. 

In the course of these discussions Erasmus expressed an opinion, 
that Greek MSS. which contained any such passages must have 
been altered from the Latin subsequently to the council of Florence, 
in the fifteenth century. This was apparently suggested to have 
been a secret agreement of that council. Much has been made of 
this hint of Erasmus by later writers, as if the alteration of Greek 



* The manner in which the Complutensian editors speak of the Apocr)T)hal books 
has been noticed above. It is rather curious to observe that Erasmus in his reply 
to Lee (Ad notationes novas XXV.), alludes to them with much greater veneration, 
as being received fully by the church. It is probable from this that in different 
countries, before the council of Trent, they were regarded in very different ways, 
and that their canonisation by that council arose (as has been thought) rather from 
mistake, than from any other cause. Erasmus speaks of the Apocryphal books of 
Esdras famongBt the rest), "qua nunc Ecclesia sine discrimine legit;"— both of 
which books were rejected at Trent. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 23 

MSS. to make them suit the Latin version had been a thing 
practised in early ages.* 

In proof that Erasmus at times used the Vulgate to amend his 
Greek MSS., where he thought them defective, we need only turn 
to his annotations for proof. Thus, Acts ix. 5, 6, we find in the 
annotations : "Durum est tibi.) In grsecis codicibus id non additur 
hoc loco, cum mox sequatur. Surge; sed aliquanto inferius, cum 
narratur hsec res." And yet in his text there is the full passage, 
answering to the Latin, crKXrjpov aoi 7rpo<; Kevrpa Xa/cr/fetv 
TpifMcov T€ Kol 6a/jL^(bv eliTev, Kvpte rt [xe OeXec^ Trotrja-ac, koX 6 
KvpLo<; irpo^ avToVj avdo-rrjOc, instead of the simple reading aXka 
avaarTrjOc. 

Again, on Acts viii. 37, the note is, " Dixit autem Philippus, 
Si credis &c.) et usque ad eum locum. Et jussit stare currum, 
non reperi in Graaco codice, quanquam arbitror omissum librariorum 
incuria. Nam et hac in quodam codice grseco asscripta reperi sed 
in margine." And this verse, little as is its claim to be considered 
part of Holy Scripture, was inserted by Erasmus, as being sup- 
posed to have been incorrectly omitted in his MSS.; and from his 
edition, this and similar passages have been perpetuated, just as 
if they were undoubtedly genuine. In such cases, we repeatedly 
find the Complutensian editors, in spite of their reverence for the 
Vulgate, give the Greek as they found it in their copies ; although 
from their mode of editing they must have been very well aware 
of the difference between it and the Latin by the side; where, in 
fact, they fill up the Greek column in such a manner as to make 
the variation conspicuous. In such places, if the Complutensian 
text had ever acquired a place in common use, the many who now 
uphold what they read, traditionally, just because they are ac- 
customed to it, would have been as strenuous in repudiating words 
as spurious, as they now are in defending them as genuine. 

But let us make whatever deductions are needful, still Erasmus 
is entitled to our thanks for the labour which he undertook and 



* Some of Stunica's criticisms on Erasmus are singularly amusing. The Complu- 
tensian text had spelled Spain in Eom. xv., l<TiTa.via, as it stands in a few of the later 
MSS. ; Erasmus had spelled it Siravia; it is scarcely credible that Stunica should 
have charged Erasmus with casting an intentional slight upon his country, by taking 
away one of the letters with which it is spelled. 



24 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

accomplished, in spite of so many hindrances. He furnished the 
Greek readers of the Word of God with the first published edition, 
six years before ' they could have obtained that which had been 
prepared under the auspices of Ximenes. 

Tlie next published edition was that which appeared at Venice 
in 1518, at the end of the Aldine LXX. It was taken from the 
first edition of Erasmus, to whom it was dedicated. Of course, it 
omitted the text, 1 John v. 7. 

In March, 1519, Erasmus's second edition was published,* 
while he himself was absent from Basle: he employed much of 
the time which had passed since the appearance of his first edition 
in examining MSS., and in revising and improving his own Latin 
translation.! 

To this edition was prefixed a letter of thanks, which Pope 
Leo X. had addressed to Erasmus the preceding year, for his 
Greek Testament. And yet, in his prefaces, sentiments had been 
expressed but little in accordance with papal dogmas. He had 
spoken of the importance of Holy Scripture to all Christians ; and 
had expressed a wish that it might be so translated and used, as 
not to be in the hands of the learned merely, but also of the 
common people, such (he specifies) as the Scots and Irish. Little 
did the Pope think that in encouraging the publication of Holy 
Scripture, he was sharpening that weapon which the Spirit of 
God was about to use so powerfully against Kome, and Komish 
doctrine and practice. Perhaps Erasmus, who was so conscious 
of the evils which arose from ignorance of Holy Scripture, 
would have recoiled from the work in which he was engaged, if 
he could only have seen the use which God would make of the 
New Testament, in the hands of the Christian people, even in his 
own day. 

* In tlic title page of this edition, tlie extraordinary error was corrected wliicli had 
appeared in the title page of the first ; in which Vtdgarius appeai'cd as the name of 
a person ; this only having been, by mistake, formed by Erasmus from Bulgaria., 
the region of which Theophylact was archbishop, 

t In writing from Louvain, to Pirckheimer, Erasmus says, " Novum Testaraentum, 
quod pridem Basilcoo pr.'Ecipitatum, verius quam editum, retexo ac recudo, et ita 
recudo, ut aliud opus sit fiiturum. Absolvetur, ut spero, inter quatuor menses." This 
letter is dated Nov. 2, 1517, in the printed editions : it can, however, hardly admit of 
a doubt that the year should be 1518. The arrangement of Erasmus's letters, as to 
years, is all confusion. 



OF THE GEEEK NEW TESTAMENT. 25 

As to this second edition, Erasmus enjoyed comparative leisure; 
lie was not over- worked in reading proof sheets and copying for 
the press, so as to be hardly able to accomplish the work pressing 
on him. In this edition, others undertook the labour of correct- 
ing what he transmitted to Basle. 

The places in which the text was altered in this edition were 
(according to Mill) four hundred; many of these were the errata 
which had arisen from over-haste in the execution of the first 
edition. It may be doubted whether all the changes were im- 
provements. The text 1 John v. 7 was still not introduced. 
Erasmus was not able, however, to bestow on this edition all the 
care that he desired ; he was hindered, he says, by the state of his 
health. 

It is not often that we know, with any exactitude, the number 
of copies of an edition of any work which were published in early 
times : we are, however, informed in one place by Erasmus, that 
the numbers unitedly of his first two editions amounted to three 
thousand three hundred : how many of these belonged respectively 
to each edition, we do not know. The whole of these, however, 
were in circulation by the year 1522, as is shown by Erasmus 
then bringing out his third edition. This shows that the demand 
for the Greek New Testament was considerable ; and that Froben 
had shown his judgment, in taking steps to meet a requirement 
on the part of theological students. 

The revision of the Latin version of Erasmus, in his edition of 
1519, raised up against him yet more enemies. In his first edi- 
tion, he retained, in the beginning of St. John's Gospel, the 
expression of the Yulgate, " In principio erat Verbum": in 1519, 
however, he followed the phraseology of the early Latin fathers, 
substituting " Sermo" for " Yerbum." This was deemed almost, 
if not quite, a heresy; and he had to defend himself, in conse- 
quence, against many attacks.* 

Erasmus's third edition appeared in 1522 ; in this he introduced 
the verse 1 John v. 7, in fulfilment of his promise that he would 

* Erasmus gives a curious account of tlie effect which this change of a word pro- 
duced in England among some. A bishop (whose name he suppresses) was preaching 
at " Paul's Cross," when he went out of his way to attack Erasmus's new translation. 
It was a shameful thing for those who had been so long doctors of divinity, to have 



26 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

do so, if it were found in any Greek MS. Between 1519 and 
1522, a MS. was brought forward in England, containing tlie 
verse in a particular form ; and he inserted it, not as convinced of 
its genuineness, but to redeem his promise, and to take away the 
handle for calumniating him which had been afforded by his ho- 
nestly following his MSS. in this passage. The verse in question 
continued to hold its place in the other editions of Erasmus, and 
in those which were taken from them ; it was, however, soon 
moulded into a grammatical form, and one which did not so fully 
display its origin in the Latin Yulgate as did the MS. from which 
it was taken.* 

This third edition differed from the text of the preceding (ac- 
cording to Mill) in 118 places: several of the amended readings 
were such as Erasmus took from the tacit corrections which had 
been introduced into the Aldine reprint of his own first edition. 

Soon after the appearance of Erasmus's third edition, the Com- 

to go to school again,— for eucli to receive instruction from any mere Greekling. At 
length, his zeal waxed so warm (he said) that he called on the lord mayor of London^ 
who was present, and on the citizens for aid, that they would show themselves men, 
and not suiBTer such new translations, which subvert the authority of Holy Scripture, 
to obtain farther cvurency ! 

* The Codex Britannicus to which Erasmus referred is the Codex Montfortianus, 
now in the library of Trinity CoUege, DubHn. His note on the place, in his third 
edition, concludes thus : "Verumtamen ne quid dissimulem repertus est apud Anglos 
Grajcus codex unus in quo habetur quod in Vulgatis deest. Scriptum est enim hunc 

ad modum, '6rt rpets elaXv ol fxapTvpovvTCS ev toj ovpav(S, narrjp, Xo-yos, KaX irpevfj-a' Kol oStoi Ot 
rpeZs eV eianv. Kal Tpets elalv fj-aprvpovvTes ev tt} yfj nvev/jLa, vSup, koI alfia el ttjv fj-aprvpiav TUiU 

avdpoiTTOiv, etc. Quanquam baud scio an casu factum sit, ut hoc loco non repetatur 
quod est in Gratis nostris, Kal oi rpets el? to eV ela-Lv. Ex hoc igitur codice Britannico 
reposuimus, quod in nostris dicebatur deesse : ne cui sit ansa calumniandi. Tametsi 
suspicor codicem ilium ad nostros esse correctum. Duos consului codices mirse 
vctustatis Latinos in bibliotheca qua? Brugis est divi Donatiani. Neuter habebat 
testimonium patris, verbi, et spiritus. Ac ne illud quidem in altcro addebatur, In 
terra. Tantum erat, Et tres sunt qui testimonium dant, spiritus, aqua, et sanguis." 
Accordingly in this form the passage stands in Erasmus's third edition, only ayioi/ is 
added after ■nvevfj.a, ol is inserted before the second /xaprvpoCcTe?, and Kal before vSwp 
(the two former of these words are thus in the MS.) ; the discrepancy between the 
text and the note probably arose from an oversight in copying. Erasmus did not 
omit the end of verse 8. 

In his subsequent editions, he inserted the articles before TraTTjp, Aoyos and vvevna. 
(though he did not make a similar improvement in verse 8) ; and when subsequent 
editors had grammatically placed Hyiov between the article and the substantive, the 
verse assumed, in the common editions, the form which it has retained. Its origin, 
however, is clear : the Complutensian editors translated it from the modern Latin, 
and BO did the writer of the Dublin MS.; the lattei', however, was too clumsy even to 
insert the artichjs. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 27 

plutensian Polyglot found its way into general circulation. This 
edition consisted of six hundred copies; and, though it might do 
something towards supplying the demand which had sprung up 
for the original Scriptures, yet the number of copies was too 
limited for it to be able to supersede in common use the Erasmian 
text. 

In the Apocalypse, however, it was superior to the mere piece- 
meal text which Erasmus had been able to give ; and thus, when 
that critic published his fourth edition in 1527, there were at least 
ninety readings in that book alone which had been emended on 
the authority of the Complutensian : more corrections might have 
been made; but Erasmus seems to have forgotten what all the 
places were which he had himself turned into Greek, ten years 
before, to supply the defects of his MS. If it is wonderful that 
he should have allowed such readings to remain, is it not still 
more wonderful that, for three hundred years, they have been 
repeated in the common editions, although their origin has been 
a matter of common knowledge? 

Erasmus has often been blamed for using the Aldine reprint of 
his own first edition as if it were a distinct authority. But it 
appears from Erasmus's own words, that he was not aware that 
such was the case. Indeed he could not have known it, for some 
time at least; for he wrote from Louvain, or Antwerp, to his 
friends at Basle, before the appearance of his second edition, re- 
questing them to restore the concluding verses of the Kevelation, 
in accordance with the Aldine.* Hence the idea seems to have 
been received, that there was MS. authority for what really rests 
on none. 

Except in the Kevelation, Mill says, the fourth edition of Eras- 
mus differed only in about ten places from his third. This fourth 
edition differs from all the others published by Erasmus, in having 
two Latin versions by the side of the Greek, — that of Erasmus 
himself, and the Yulgate. It was thus thought, that the severe 



* " Cum igitur Basileam mitterem recognitum exemplar, scrips! amicis, ut ex edi- 
tione Aldina restituerent eum locum. Nam mihi nondum emptum erat hoc opus. 
Id ita, ut jussi, factum esif."— Erasmi Apologia ad Leum. 1520. This quotation is 
taken from Wetstein, Proleg., p. 126 ; for this Apologia is not included in Erasmus's 
collected works. 



28 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

censures cast upon tlie new translation might be shown to be 
undeserved. 

In the fifth edition of Erasmus, published in 1535, the year 
before his death, the text differs scarcely at all from that of the 
year 1527 (I\lill says only in /bwr places) ; and as the fifth edition 
of Erasmus is the substantial basis of the text which has com- 
monly been used, and as that edition scarcely varies from the 
fourth, we may look on the edition of 1527 as containing really that 
revision of the text, which has obtained a kind of permanency. 

Erasmus's materials were but few, in comparison with those 
which have been since available for purposes of criticism; they 
were also comparatively modern ; they might, indeed, have been 
used to more advantage ; but still, while criticism was in its 
infancy, it is not too much to say that Erasmus's name is 
entitled to a high place amongst those wlio have laboured in this 
field; and, had he possessed the materials since brought to light, 
no one would have valued more than he those ancient MSS. and 
versions, on the authority of which the New Testament might now 
be edited. 

He valued the readings of his Greek MSS. far more highly than 
those of the Vulgate, in its condition after having sufiered from 
the hands of ignorant and careless transcribers. Had he, however, 
extensively used ancient Latin MSS. (such, for instance, as those 
which he mentions that he saw at Bruges), he would have found 
that they would give a very different notion of the version of 
Jerome from that which could be obtained from those in common 
use. And had he been so situated, as to be able to use the more 
ancient Greek MSS. (or those whose text agrees with such),* he 
would have found himself in possession of ancient authority, both 
Greek and Latin, in a sort of general accordance. 

For, whatever may be said of the text which he produced, 
Erasmus valued ancient testimony to readings. Thus his note on 
Acts xiii. 33 is the following: — " Quidam codices habebant in 

* Only one such MS. appears to liaire fallen under Erasmus's own notice. This is 
the MS. at 13asle numbered 1 in the Gospels. This he thought to be of but little 
value, from its readings being so dilTerent from tlic common Greek copies. In fact, 
the MS. of the Gospels which he put for copy into the compositors' hands, is one of 
exceedingly little value. It still has the marks of Erasmus's corrections, and the 
I'riuter ti notices of the beginnings of the folios. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 29 

psalmo secundo^ quidam, in psalmo, omisso numero. At Hierony- 
mus palam testatur in Actis liunc psalmum qui apud nos secundus 
est,primi titulo citari; et liinc sumit* argumentum, aut primum 
ilium, Beatus vir, praefationis additur vice, aut ilium et proxi- 
mum, Quare fremuerunt, eundem esse psalmum .f Proinde nos 
his autoribus germanam restituimus scripturam." Thus he gives 
the reading of the passage iv t& ylraX/juS tS Trpmro), considering 
that the absolute evidence which he possessed was sufficient au- 
thority to warrant his changing one word. This may be taken as 
an illustration how Erasmus would have formed his conclusions if 
ancient evidence had been before him. This is one of the places 
in which the commonly received text did not follow Erasmus: 
had it been otherwise, this reading would have been certainly 
upheld, maintained, and defended by those who now condemn it 
as an inn ovation. J 

Thus it was that the Greek New Testament was published in 
print, just in the same manner as other ancient works appeared: 
in all such cases, the MSS. which came first to hand were used; 
and with regard to almost all other works, pains were continually 
taken to use such materials as might come to light for correcting 
the text, and causing it the more exactly to represent the original 
work as first written. 

The Greek New Testament, however, soon became, as it were, 
stereotyped in men's minds ; so that the readings originally edited 
on most insufficient MS. authority, were supposed to possess some 
prescriptive right, just as if (to use Dr. Bentley's phrase) an 
apostle had been the compositor. Dogmatic discussions (of deep 
and real importance in themselves) occupied the minds of theolo- 
gians; and thus textual criticism was neglected, or even shunned, 
by those who ought to have cultivated it, as intimately connected 
with true reverence for God's inspired and holy word. 

* The above citation is from Erasmus's first edition, in which, however, this word 
is erroneously printed " sumunt" ; it is corrected in the edition of 1522, in which this 
note also is expanded. 

t The edition of 1522 here adds, " Idem prodit ferme Hilarius, illud ingenue tes- 
tatus, hunc primum citari a Paulo. Quin et divus Augustinus in commentariis 
indicat hunc potius esse unum quam primum." 

X It is proper to add, for the reader's information, that npu>T(o is expressly stated to 
be the reading by Origen, and that it is found in the Codex Bezse (D). Tertullian 
also (Adv. Marc. lib. iv. 22) cites the passage as from the first psalm. 



30 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 



§ 3.— THE EDITIONS OF STEPHENS, BEZA, AND 
THE ELZEVIRS. 

From the time that Erasmus's editions had obtained their place 
in public use, it was long before any real attention was paid to 
LIS. authorities. 

The edition of Colinaeus (Paris, 1534) deserves mention because 
it was in some places based on MSS. which the editor had 
examined : it was not, however, by any means a critical edition ; 
that is, one in which the text was throughout examined with 
MSS; and thus, in the end of the Apocalypse, there are Erasmian 
readings retained. Colin^us did not insert the text I John v. 7. 
This edition seems to have had no influence whatever on those 
which succeeded. 

In the years 1546 and 1549, Robert Stephens printed at Paris 
two beautiful small editions of the Greek Testament ; and in 
1550 appeared his folio edition, in the margin of which were 
given various readings from MSS. which had been collated by 
his son Henry Stephens. 

The editions of 1546 and 1549 had contained a text blended 
from the Complutensian and Erasmian ; in the folio, Erasmus was 
almost exclusively followed. The collation of MSS. had probably 
been made with Erasmus's fifth edition, and thus Stephens in his 
principal edition used it as the basis of his text. The various read- 
ings in the margin are from the Complutensian printed edition, and 
from fifteen MSS. It was supposed by some, that in this edition, 
Robert Stephens followed MS. authority always; attention to the 
book itself would soon have shown that this could not be the case; 
for not unfrequently the margin quotes a reading differing from 
the text, in which all the cited MSS. agree. 

Critical collation was then but a new subject ; and thus we 
cannot be surprised that Stephens should have merely given a 
kind oi selection from what the MSS. contained. Mill says, "We 
find in this edition more than seven hundred Complutensian 
readings omitted ; that is a considerably greater number than 
those which arc given ; for they do not amount to more than five 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 31 

hundred and ninety-eiglit. And it is not very credible that the 
other copies were examined with more care than the Spanish 
edition." Besides this, it may be said, that as the Complutensian 
text is often incorrectly cited in Stephens's margin, we may con- 
clude that the same thing is true of the MSS. which were collated; 
for it would be remarkable if manuscripts were examined with 
greater accuracy than a printed book. 

In fact, the various readings in the margin of Stephens's folio 
edition seem rather to be appended as an ornament to the text, 
than as giving it any real and fundamental utility. 

This was the first collection of various readings of any extent; 
and it was at least suggestive of what might be done by means 
of MSS. in emending the text of the Greek Testament. Eobert 
Stephens, ten years before, in editing the Latin Vulgate, had 
made pretty extensive use of MSS.; and in giving the work of 
Greek collation into the hands of his son Henry, then aged only 
eighteen, he might have had some thoughts of similarly applying 
criticism to the Greek text. Circumstances may have led to his 
change of purpose; and thus he only gave the variations in the 
margin instead of using them himself. He was much harassed 
by the doctors of the Sorbonne, even at this time, because of his 
corrected Latin editions ; and he may have feared to provoke 
those severe censors more by publishing an emended Greek text. 
The various readings in the margin did not however pass without 
remark. The learned theological examiners, like their monkish 
predecessors, stuck to the adage, " Grsecum est, legi non potest"; 
and as they could make nothing out of what they found in 
Stephens's margin, they prohibited the edition, because of the 
annotations; Stephens told them that there were none^ but 
various readings : they then desired him to produce the MS. 
copy from which the variations were taken ; they had again to be 
informed that the MSS. were many, not one merely, and that the 
library of the king of France was the place from which they had 
(mostly) been taken, and to which they had since been returned. 

Much inquiry has been made as to wliat MSS. were used by 
Henry Stephens for his collations ; several have been identified 
(mostly in the French Koyal Library), and the MS. which is 
marked /8 by Stephens, and which is described as having been 



i 



32 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

collated in Italy, is eitlier the Codex Bezse, or else a document so 
precisely resembling it, as to be an undoubted transcript. 

The discussions connected with the passage 1 John v. 7, rendered 
it a matter of interest to critics to inquire whether Stephens's 
MSS. could be identified; for in that edition, there is the mark 
of omission preceding iv rco ovpavS, after which words is a semi- 
circle, indicating that the omission extends thus far; the margin 
contains a reference to seven MSS. as being the authorities for 
this omission ; these seven being the only MSS. which were 
collated for that part. Hence some thought that these seven were 
witnesses for the whole passage (those three words excepted) which 
the Complutensian editors had introduced by translating it from 
the Latin, and which Erasmus had, after some years, inserted 
from the Codex Montfortianus. But no such MSS. were ever 
found in the Koyal Library at Paris, or any where else ; and thus 
it was supposed by more intelligent critics that the semicircle in 
Stephens's edition had been misplaced, and that it really belonged 
after iv rfj yfj, ver. 8 ; thus including in the omission all the words 
not found in the Greek MSS. The absolute ascertainment of 
some of the MSS. in question has proved this to be a fact, so 
certainly, that it is vain for any argument to be based on this 
note of reference in Stephens's edition. 

Allusions to this passage are of necessity in inquiries as to the 
history of the Greek New Testament as printed ; because con- 
troversies connected with it have led to extensive examinations of 
MSS., and to a more accurate apprehension of the channels by 
which Holy Scripture, like all other ancient books, has " been 
transmitted to us.* 

Robert Stephens soon after the publication of his folio edition 
made his escape from the censors at Paris, and betook himself to 
Geneva, where he published a fourth edition containing just the 



* It may here be mentioned that the only MSS. containing this text in any form^ 
which liavc been produced or discovered, are the Codex Montfortianus at Dublin, 
brouglit forward as an authority to compel Ei-asmus to insert the words ; the Codex 
Ravianiis at Berlin, a transcript from the Complutensian Polyglot, imitating its very 
misprints ; a MS. at Naples, where a ''ccent hand has added it in the margin ; and the 
Codex Oltobonianus, 298, in the Vatican, a Greek and Latin MS. of the fifteenth 
century, in which the Greek is a mere accompaniment of the Latin and in which the 
words are quite peculiar {a.iro toO ovpavov, etc.). 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 33 

same text as the third ; but with this remarkable peculiarity, that 
this is the first impression divided into our modern verses. Ste- 
phens formed his plan of these divisions for convenience of refer- 
ence in a Concordance which he projected.* This fourth edition 
contains two Latin versions, the Yulgate and that of Erasmus, one 
on each side of the Greek text. 

Theodore Beza succeeded Kobert Stephens as an editor of the 
Greek Testament: he published five editions — in 1565, 1576, 
1582, 1589, and 1598. He mostly followed the text of Stephens; 
and he not unfrequently mentions various readings, and he occa- 
sionally introduces changes into his text on MS. authority. 

Two ancient and valuable MSS. were for many years in Beza's 
possession; one, of the Gospels and Acts in Greek and Latin, 
which he afterwards sent to the University of Cambridge, where 
it still remains; this is commonly known as the Codex Bezse or 
Cantabrigiensis : the other contains the Epistles of St. Paul, also 
in Greek and Latin. This MS., which is called the Codex Claro- 
montanus (from Clermont, whence it is said that it was brought), 
is now in the Bibliotheque du Koi, at Paris. 

Besides these MSS. Beza had the use of the collations made 
by Henry Stephens for his father, and to which he seems to have 
afterwards added the results of farther examinations of MSS. 
Beza, however, was not much of a textual critic ; he valued 
readings more in proportion to their theological importance in 
his eyes than to the testimony by which they are upheld. Indeed, 
if the places in which he difiers from Stephens's third edition are 
examined, there will be found but little reason for the changes. 
All his five editions are accompanied by his Latin translation 
(which had previously appeared in 1556), and by the Latin 
Vulgate ; ample annotations are subjoined. 

Beza's text was during his life in very general use amongst 
Protestants ; they seemed to feel that enough had been done to 
establish it, and they relied on it as giving them a firm basis. 



* Henry Stephens, the elder, the father of Eobert, had introduced verse numbering 
in the Psalterium Quincuplex which he published in 1509. That is, he affixed nvmhers 
to the verse divisions which exist in the Old Testament. Pagninus, in 1528, used 
such a notation in the whole Bible; in the New Testament, however, his verses differ 
totally from Stephens's; they are often considerable paragraphs. 

4 



34 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

The Romanists, with whom they so often engaged in controversy, 
understood, as yet, no principles of criticism, which could be 
brought to bear on the position which the Protestants had thus 
taken. The same was true of those with whom the Protestants 
were engaged in so many discussions relative to the Trinity and 
the Godhead of Christ. Beza could argue on 1 John v. 7, as if 
the true position of Stephens's semicircle were an undoubted 
proof that seven MSS. at least contained the verse, and his adver- 
saries, understanding the bearing of the case with as little of 
correct apprehension as himself, were not able to controvert him. 

But Theodore Beza did not suppose that a text ought to be 
traditionally adopted, and then, as it were, stereotyped: his notes 
gave him the opportunity for expressing his opinions ; and he thus 
proved that if his attention were properly directed to ancient evi- 
dence on a passage, he so weighed it as to consider that it ought 
to prevail. Thus the passage in John viii. 1 — 12, the omission 
of which by critical editors has seemed to some such a proof of 
temerity, or of want of reverence for Holy Scripture, was dif- 
ferently regarded by Beza : he states the manner in which various 
ancient writers knew nothing about it, and the great variation in 
MSS. ; he then concludes thus : — " As far as I am concerned, I do 
not conceal that I justly regard as suspected what the ancients 
with such consent either rejected or did not know of. Also such 
a variety in the reading causes me to doubt the fidelity of the 
whole of that narration." * 

And yet the plan of using a kind of stereotyped text of the 
Greek New Testament was practically adopted by Beza in his 
first edition, 1565 ; and this, by a kind of tacit consent was 
admitted as a principle, when the Elzevirs, printers at Leyden, 
published their small and convenient editions. The first of these 
appeared in 1624.t The editor, if any, is wholly unknown ; it is 
probable that the printers took the third edition of Robert Ste- 



* Ad me quidem quod attinet, non dissimulo mihi luerito suspectum esse quod 
vcteres illi tanto consensu vel rejecerunt vel ignoraruut. . . . Tanta denique lectionis 
varietas facit ut de totius istius naiTationis fide dubitera. 

t '11 Kaivrj AiaOriKr}. Novum Testamentum. Ex Regijs alijsquc optimis editionibus 
cum cura expressum. By the JSditio JRegia, the third edition of Stephens was in- 
tended, printed with the types of the French Royal printing-office. 



OP THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 35 

phens as their basis, introducing merely a few changes, which they 
considered to be corrections, and using for this purpose a copy of 
one of Beza's editions. The text thus formed accords in some 
respects with Stephens, and in some with Beza ; while sometimes, 
whether by accident or design is uncertain, it varies from both. 

The Elzevir edition was soon reprinted in an extremely small 
form; and in 1633 the publishers themselves brought out their 
own second edition, which is considered as their best.* The first 
edition had the notation of verses placed in the margin ; in this 
they were distinguished by the breaks in the text. The preface 
speaks of the acceptance which this text had received, and of the 
care which had been taken in purging it from typographical 
errors. A high ground is assumed as to the text which is thus 
presented. The reader is told, " Thou hast the text now received 
by all, in which we give nothing altered or corrupted." f 

From this expression in the preface has arisen the phrase, 
" Textus Keceptus," as applied to the text of the Greek Testa- 
ments in common use, in the supposition that they were accurate 
reprints of the Elzevir editions. 

Stephens's text was that followed in the Greek New Testament 
in Walton's Polyglot, 1657 ; it was also edited without 
intentional variation by Mill in 1707: and since that period 
Mill's text has been commonly reprinted in this country, having 
thus become our current text: in foreign countries the Elzevir 
edition has been regarded as '*the received text"; although, in 
point of fact, in many of those places in which the Stephanie text 
differs from that of the Elzevirs (comparatively few as such varia- 
tions are) the editions pubHshed on the Continent as " the received 
text," follow such Stephanie readings; and sometimes (as in 
1 Pet. iii. 7) they follow neither. 

After the appearance of the texts of Stephens and Beza, many 
Protestants ceased from all inquiry into the authorities on which 
the text of the Greek Testament in their hands was based ; 



* On the title page is said, "Ex Eegiis aliisque optimis editionibus, hac nova 
expressum: cui quid accesserit, Praefatio docebit." The Preface, however, gives no 
account of what the critical principles or authorities were, which tie editors followed. 

t " Textrnn^ ergo habes» nunc ah omnihm receptwn; in quo nihil immutatum aut 
corruptum damns." 



36 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

they received with a kind of traditional submission what the 
publishers presented to them ; although they might have well 
known that the same care and attention are demanded as to the 
text of God's Holy Word, as are bestowed upon ancient works 
of a value infinitely less. But so it was; and those who justly 
condemned the proceedings of the Roman Catholic Council of 
Trent, in 1545, in declaring the Latin Yulgate version authentic, 
and who showed the ignorance and weakness of the Papal decrees 
by which in 1590 and 1592 diverse editions of the Vulgate were 
declared to be exclusively genuine, — were, in fact, following a 
Greek text which they had tacitly adopted as authentic ; and they 
did this with as little intelligence as did the Romanists in their use 
of the Clementine Vulgate.* 



§ 4. — THE EARLIER COLLECTIONS OF CRITICAL 
MATERIALS: — WALTON'S POLYGLOT; BISHOP 
FELL'S GREEK TESTAMENT. 

As soon as the Greek Testament was printed, various readings 
began to be observed. And thus, little as was then really thought 
about true principles of textual criticism, or of their uniform applica- 
tion, something of the kind was practised whenever any variation 
in copies was noticed, and a choice had to be made between such 
differences. 

All ancient writings whatever, which have come down to us in 
several copies, contain various readings ; that is, places in which 
one copy differs more or less from another. The causes of such 

* We need not wonder that Bentley should have spoken of " the Protestant Pope 
Stephens." The following citation from Hottinger is given by Wetstein; — "Satis- 
fecit Stephani et Bczcc industria Ecclesiis Reformatis hactenus omnibus. Quotquot 
cnim vel in Belgio vel Germania vel Gallia N. T. novas procurarunt editiones, mag- 
norum illorum virorum codices rehgiosc sunt secuti; Casaubonus etiam et Heinsius, 
quorum tamen in crisi et antiquitatis studiis magnum est nomen, in illis acquieve- 
runt." 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 37 

various readings are many : but they all bear tbe same relation 
to MSS., wbicli errata and variations made by compositors and 
press correctors do to printed books. 

It is impossible (unless human infirmity were overruled by a 
miracle) for a writing to be copied again and again without the 
introduction of some errors of transcription. Hence has arisen 
the necessity of comparing and considering the various readings 
of copies to obtain thereby a correct text. This is what is meant 
by textual criticism. This labour of comparison has to be applied 
to all ancient works, if we seek to ascertain what was actually 
written by their authors. Had the inspired autographs of the 
apostles and evangelists been in existence, there would have been 
no room, as well as no necessity, for textual criticism. 

If we compare the earliest editions of any important classic with 
those in common use in the present day, we discover a remarkable 
difference : we find other readings adopted, and many passages 
convey a much clearer sense. Whence, then, does this difference 
arise ? Simply from editors having in the succeeding centuries 
used a greater range of critical authorities, — from their having 
laboriously examined MSS. so as to discover those on which most 
reliance ought to be placed, — and their having used the critical 
data so obtained, as their authority for a more exact and accurate 
text. No one acquainted with the subject would have recourse 
to an early edition of a classical writer (Cicero, for instance), 
based upon slender and imperfect authority, in preference to a 
text of the same author based upon the collations of MSS., and a 
careful examination of authorities. 

Such too should be the case with regard to the New Testament. 
If God had so pleased, he could have preserved its text from all the 
casualties of transcriptural error : but the text has not been so pre- 
served; it is therefore no reflection on the divine wisdom, no want of 
reverence for God's inspired word, to admit the fact. God did not 
see fit to multiply the copies of his Scripture for the use of mankind 
by miracle; and just as He left it to the hands of men to copy His 
Word in the same manner as other books, so was it left exposed 
to the same changes, from want of skill in copyists, from careless- 
ness or misapprehension, as affect all other ancient writings. To 
this, however, it should be added (even though it be by anticipa- 



38 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

tion), that the providence of God has transmitted to us far more 
ample materials for the restoration of the text of the New Testament, 
than we have in the case of any other work of similar antiquity. 

The sources for textual criticism are MSS., versions, and early 
citations, all of which may be used as illustrating and confirming 
or correcting one another. Of these materials the original editors 
possessed but few. They had some recent Greek MSS. ; as to ver- 
sions they had the Latin Vulgate only; and of early citations some 
use, but only on a limited scale, was made by Erasmus. 

The various readings printed in the margin of Stephens's folio 
(mentioned in the preceding section) form the first collection of 
critical materials presented to the eye of the reader. To these 
Beza added a few more in his notes ; and a little was done from 
time to time just as MSS. or ancient versions were brought under 
the notice of scholars. The Syriac version (of which Tremellius 
had published a Latin translation) was used occasionally by Beza. 

The publication of various ancient versions, and of more correct 
editions of the fathers, increased greatly the amount of critical 
materials ready for use. 

The first important collection of various readings, drawn from 
MSS., is that contained in the sixth volume of Walton's Polyglot, 
1657. In the fifth volume the readings of the Codex Alexandri- 
nus had been given under the Greek text ; and the collection in 
the sixth volume formed a valuable Apparatus Criticus. Of this one 
of the most important parts is a collation of sixteen MSS. made 
by the direction of the learned Irish Primate, Archbishop Usher. 
Besides these, there are the Stephanie collection, and others which 
had been made by various individuals; and also a collection (the 
history of which formerly led to much discussion), which has 
been commonly called "the Velezian Readings." They were first 
printed in 1626, by De la Cerda, in his Adversaria Sacra. He 
says that the Greek Testament, in the margin of which they 
were written, had passed into his hands from Mariana, the Spanish 
historian. Mariana says that he did not know how the copy had 
come into his possession ; but he found in it the various readings 
of sixteen Greek MSS. inserted by a former owner, Don Pedro 
Faxardo, Marquis of Velez. The marquis seems to have stated 
that eight out of the sixteen MSS. which he used, had come from 



OP THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 39 

the Library of the King of Spain. Mariana was surprised to find 
that the cited readings bore a strong resemblance to the Vulgate, so 
that he thought that there might be some imposture in the matter. 
In fact, but httle doubt was soon felt that the readings in question 
were not derived from any Greek MSS. whatever ; so that the 
empty boast of having used sixteen MSS. passed for what it was 
worth, and the readings themselves have long ceased to be cited.* 
Walton, however, is not to be blamed for inserting these readings 
in his collection. Critical studies were not then sufl&ciently 
advanced to authorise the selection of materials : all that was pre- 
sented required to be brought together ; the quality and value of 
the material so obtained might be for after consideration. 

In speaking of Walton's Polyglot, reference must be made to 
the versions contained in the 5 th volume ; which are a valuable 
storehouse of materials in that department of criticism. The Pro- 
legomena also contain information of great value. 

In 1658, one year after the appearance of Walton's Polyglot, 
the Greek Testament of Curcelbeus appeared with various readings 
in the margin. The authorities for the readings were not given ; 
and those drawn from MSS. were intermingled with mere con- 
lectures. And as these conjectures bore on points of dogmatic 
theology, this edition of Curcellseus (which was three times 
reprinted) had the effect of deterring many from the study of 
criticism even as then understood, because it was thought that it 
was directed against the authority and integrity of Scripture, and 
that it might undermine the most important doctrines. The right 
course would have been to meet the false criticism of Curcellaeus 
by that which is true. It is probable that much of the alarm 
expressed in connection with the critical apparatus of Walton's 
Polyglot, arose from the almost simultaneous appearance of Cur- 
cellseus's edition. It is certain that alarm was expressed ; and 
that the appearance of the various readings collected by Usher 



* Although the Latin origin of these readings was sufficiently plain, yet still there 
were points of difficulty. These were cleared up by Bishop Marsh in his letters to 
Archdeacon Travis : he showed that the Velezian readings were fabricated to support 
not the Latin Yulgate in general, but that version as it stood in the edition of Ste- 
phens, 1539-,40. Bishop Marsh's process of induction is so curious and interesting 
that it is well worth the attention of the critical inquirer. 



40 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

and others was lamented, as if in some way Holy Scripture were 
impugned. 

To allay this feeling, and if possible to diffuse juster notions on 
the subject. Dr. John Fell, Bishop of Oxford, published in 1675 
a small edition with the various readings at the foot of the page, 
with the authorities by which they were supported ; those taken 
from Curcellaeus of course had only the abbreviation of his name 
as their authority. Besides MSS., the margin contains citations 
from the Coptic (Memphitic) and Gothic versions. Bishop Fell 
gave the readings of some MSS. previously uncoUated; and in his 
appendix he added what has been called the Barberini collection 
of various readings from twenty MSS. This collation was found 
by Poussin in the Barberini Library at Kome, and he published 
it at the end of a Catena on St. Mark, in 1673. In it the MSS. 
are not cited separately; but merely so many as agreeing in any 
particular reading. The collation had been made by Caryophilus 
of Crete, about fifty years before. Wetstein suspected that the 
whole was a forgery ; but Birch found the manuscript collation of 
Caryophilus in the Barberini Library ; he also found the permis- 
sion of Pope Paul V. to use MSS. in the Vatican, including the 
celebrated Codex Vaticanus, for the purpose of the intended 
edition of Caryophilus. It seems as if the plan was frustrated 
from the want of patronage on the part of Urban YIIL, who 
succeeded to the papal chair soon after the death of Paul Y. ; the 
short pontificate of Gregory XV. alone intervening. Caryophilus's 
plan was to have formed a Greek text on the united testimony of 
Greek MSS. and the Vulgate: when any of his MSS. accorded 
with the reading of the Latin, he would have adopted it in his 
text. 

Bishop Fell did not give extracts from the fathers, or cite 
them as authorities ; because he undervalued their testimony, not 
apprehending how they may, by the union of their evidence with 
that of MSS. and versions, be of the greatest use : they may often 
show what the reading is in whose favour the evidence prepon- 
derates. This edition of Bishop Fell, and the encouragement 
which he gave to the more extensive critical labours of Dr. John 
Mill, were of very great importance in furthering sacred criticism. 

Richard Simon, one of the fathers of the Oratoire (or Con- 



OF THE GKEEK NEW TESTAMENT. 41 

gregation of St. Philip Neri) at Paris, in his Histoire Critique du 
Nouveau Testament, enlarged much the knowledge of MSS. and 
versions. Though Simon did not himself conduct the student to 
anything satisfactory in the way of result, yet he caused the 
character of the MSS. to be better understood, and furnished 
much information for those who were desirous of inquiring into 
the subject. 



§ 5.— MILL'S GREEK TESTAMENT. 

In the year 1707, the edition of Dr. John Mill appeared; a 
work on which that critic had been engaged for thirty years, and 
which was completed only a fortnight before his death. Like 
Cardinal Ximenes, Mill Hved but just to see the labour on which 
he had been so long interested brought to its conclusion. 

Mill's edition has been said to commence the age of manhood in 
the criticism of the Greek Testament. There is some truth in the 
remark ; it might rather, perhaps, be termed a promise^ the full 
accomplishment of which was delayed and deferred through many 
circumstances. 

It appears as if Mill's earnest and anxious endeavour had been 
to bring together all the critical materials which were accessible; 
so that every aid might be presented to the biblical student for 
forming a correct judgment as to the text of the Greek Testa- 
ment. He gathered together the various readings which had 
been previously noticed; he collated such Greek MSS. as were 
accessible to himself, and he procured collations of others to be 
made by his friends; and he first used the ancient versions in 
general and habitually, as well as the writings of the early fathers, 
as evidences of the ancient text. Much may have been done by 
later editors in collating MSS. with more correctness, and in exa- 
mining valuable documents wholly unknown to Mill; they may 
have done more in obtaining the variations of the ancient versions 
with exactitude, and in collecting the citations scattered through 
the writings of the fathers ; but the real value and importance of 



42 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

these sources of criticism were properly estimated by Mill, and to 
the best of his opportunities he acted on them. 

Dr. Edward Bernard, Savilian professor of mathematics at Ox- 
ford, was the first who directed Mill's mind to the importance of 
New Testament criticism. Of this he gives a very interesting 
account in his Prolegomena. After he saw the extended scale on 
which authorities should be consulted and brought together, he 
made all the collections that he could, without at the time con- 
sidering what the result might be. Dr. John Fell, Bishop of 
Oxford (editor of the Greek Testament of 1675), saw Mill's col- 
lections, and earnestly pressed on him to publish an edition, 
according to the plan and extent which he and Dr. Bernard con- 
sidered to be necessary for the purpose of completeness. This Mill 
undertook; and the latter part of his Prolegomena is occupied 
with a detail of his literary labours : it shows how the work 
grew beneath his hands ; what were the encouragements, what the 
hindrances, until it reached its completion. Bishop Fell promised 
to defray the expenses of the edition ; and he desired that it 
should be so printed as to excel even Stephens's third edition in 
beauty. It was easier to exceed that impression in the size of 
the type, however, than in the real beauty of the characters. 

Dr. Fell was very anxious for the printing to commence; and 
at length the beginning of St. Matthew's Gospel was set in type, 
as a specimen. But, as it proceeded. Mill found point after point 
which required re-examination; and the time which he devoted 
to the patristic citations was rather irksome to his patron, who did 
not apprehend with the same acumen as did Bernard and Mill, 
the real value of those citations as critical subsidia. Sheet after 
sheet was printed off, but slowly enough, as it seems. At length, 
when the 24th of Matthew was in the press, the death of Bishop 
Fell put a stop for a time to the progress of the work. This 
shows that it must have commenced before 1686, for in that year 
it was that the bishop died. 

Mill was retarded by the cessation of the pecuniary aid which he 
had received from Bishop Fell: indeed, he appears to have found 
difficulty in continuing his work. After many years, the text 
and readings of the New Testament were completed ; but the 
various materials which had reached his hands too late to take 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 43 

their proper place, had to be arranged in an appendix. Before 
the whole was then ready for publication, Mill had to prepare his 
Prolegomena, which contain an historical account of the text; — 
and of the principal editions, — of the versions, etc. ; each being 
described in connection with the time of its publication; while 
the notices of MSS. are distributed throughout the Prolegomena 
according as each was mentioned when speaking of its collator 
or owner. 

Of Mill's editorial labours it may be said, in the words of Wet- 
stein, "This learned man alone did more, in the labour of thirty 
years, than all those who had preceded him."* 

In stating the various readings. Mill frequently expressed his 
opinions as to their value: in his Prolegomena, however, when 
the whole work was completed, he often corrected his previous 
judgment ; so that it is in that part of his edition that we have to 
seek for his matured and deliberate opinion. He thus showed 
his true critical apprehension, that Truth is the great object to 
be sought, and not the maintenance of a particular opinion be- 
cause it was once expressed. Evidence must always modify critical 
opinions, when that evidence affects the data on which such 
opinions were formed ; it must be so, at least, on the part of those 
who really desire to be guided on any definite principles. Mill 
did not desire or attempt to form a new text; he simply used that 
of Stephens's third edition, correcting the errata, but not making 
other intentional changes. When he departs from the Stephanie 
text, it seems to have been from not being aware that the Elzevir 
editions differed from it in several places : he supposed such varia- 
tions to amount to but twelve. It is singular that " Mill's text''^ 
has been, in this country, assumed to be a kind of standard; and 
thus it has been imagined, that he had formed a critical text ; 
and this is what we commonly use ; and thus Mill's supposed 
authority has been sometimes quoted against what he maintained 
to be the true readings of passages. 

But though Mill laid down the plan of a critical edition, and 
showed what the sources are from which to obtain a well-supported 
text, there were many points in which the execution of his work 

* " Hie vir CI. uuus labore triginta annorum plus prsestitit, quam omnes quiipsum 
setate prsecesserunt." 



44 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

was of necessity incomplete. These things may be freely men- 
tioned, not to detract from the real merits of that critic, but as 
showing what remained for others to complete. The collation of 
Greek ]MSS. was in that age somewhat rudely performed; it was 
not felt to be needful to notice all minute variations, such, for 
instance, as those which relate to the order of words; it was not 
then customary (nor, indeed, was it till of late years) so to collate 
a MS. as to leave no doubt as to what readings it supports, and 
what it opposes; and yet, unless this is done, it is impossible to 
form a correct judgment as to the balance of evidence. Mill was 
•unable himself to consult the greater part of the ancient versions, 
and as he had no critical assistant for this part of his work, he had 
to depend entirely on the Latin translations of the versions in 
Walton's Polyglot; and thus, whenever they are inadequate or 
inexact, he was betrayed into error. The patristic citations which 
;Mill gave, were often less complete than they might be made by a 
closer attention to this part of the subject: it should be added, 
that this labour has been much facilitated, since the time of Mill, 
by the editions of some of the fathers which have since been 
pubHshed. 

In speaking of these defects of Mill's edition, it is not necessary 
to rest upon his not having classified the MSS. the readings of 
which he gave : for he had to collect the materials ; and until this 
should be done, no principles of arrangement could be laid down. 
He does however often show in his Prolegomena what his opinion 
is of MSS. which have a kind of relationship among themselves, 
or with any particular ancient version : he often showed true 
critical acumen in his estimate of readings, not in accordance with 
what might seem at first sight to be correct. Michaelis says 
(Marsh's Introd., ii. 457), " His critical judgment prevented him 
from adopting a reading as genuine, because it was smooth and 
easy; and, in this respect, he has introduced among the critics a 
taste which is perfectly just, but contrary to that which prevailed 
at the revival of learning." And this judgment was in a great 
measure formed during the progress of his work; for at first he 
valued the evidence of numbers in his MSS. more than other 
things; but as he became more alive to the value of the united 
testimony of authorities of different kinds, he ceased to be swayed 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 45 

by the consideration of numerical preponderance. TMs may be 
seen clearly from his Prolegomena. 

In 1710 a second edition of Mill's Greek Testament was pub- 
lished at Rotterdam, under the editorial care of Ludolph KUster, 
a Westphalian, who had resided for some years in England. 
KUster inserted the greater part of Mill's appendix in its proper 
places under the Greek text; he made the mode of reference to 
the various readings more clear ; and he added readings from 
twelve MSS., which are described in his preface. Some of these 
MSS. were ancient and valuable; and it was in this manner that 
public attention was first called to them. Some copies of Klister's 
were re-issued with a new title-page in 1723, and others again in 
1746 : this was only part of the unsold stock. 

It has been already mentioned that Mill only survived the com- 
pletion and publication of his edition one fortnight. It was thus 
impossible for him to fulfil his intention of publishing the literal 
text of some of the most ancient MSS.; and it was many a year 
before any others were found fuUy to undertake that service to 
sacred criticism. 

Dr. Bentley, in his " Epistola ad Johannem Millium" (first 
printed in 1691), refers to the publication of these texts as part of 
the plan which Mill had proposed to himself After mentioning 
the Alexandrian MS., the Codex Bezse, the Codex Laudianus of 
the Acts of the Apostles at Oxford, and the Codex Claromontanus 
at Paris, and lamenting the chances of destruction to which they 
were exposed, he goes on to speak of Mill's plan for publishing 
them at the same time as his Greek Testament. The edition of 
the ancient texts* was at each opening to exhibit the Codex 
Alexandrinus, and the Codex Bezge in the Gospels; in the Acts, 

* " Tu vero, Milli doctissime, qui omnium mortalium maxime in eo studio versatus 
63, non patieris hunc laudem tibi prseripi ; sed maturabis veneranda ilia pignora et 
monumenta vetustatis a situ et interitu vindicare. Scimus enim te horum omnium 
editionem instituere, quae una pagina et in uno conspectu codicem Alex, qui familiam 
ducet, et Cantabrigiensem cum versione sua, atque ubi hie deficit, Oxoniensem [i. e. 
Laudianum] atque Gallicum [i. e. Claromontanum] reprsesentet : quae singidas literas 
atque apices exemplarium, etiam ubi a librariis peccatum est, accurate et religiose 
subsequatur. Nihil illi purpurse assuetur discolor aut diversum; nullse interpunc- 
tiones, nullse notse accentuum, quorum omnis hodie ratio prgepostera est atque per- 
versa: adeo ut qui tuam editionem sibi comparaverit. ipsa ilia propemodum archetypa 
versare manibus atque oculis usurpare videatur. Ea res, olim. ut certum est augu- 
rium, et Britannise nostrse splendori erit, et Ecclesise prsesidio : tuos vero utique 



46 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

the Codex Laudianus was also to be introduced, and in St. Paul's 
Epistles tliere would be the Codices Alexandrinus and Claro- 
montanus. Everything was to be given as left by the copyists, 
without any corrections or changes. 

It was not long after the publication of Mill's Greek Testament 
that an attempt was made to apply results of criticism, both to the 
emendation of the Greek text, and also to a revised EngHsh ver- 
sion. This was done by Dr. Edward Wells, whose Greek 
Testament, with an English translation, notes, and paraphrase, 
appeared at Oxford, in separate parts, from 1709 to 1719. This 
edition of Wells deserves mention, as being the first attempt to 
present a critically-revised Greek text: as such, it is a very respec- 
table work. Its appearance is a proof that textual criticism was 
not decried by all in this country, and that the labours of Mill 
were deemed to be of real value. 

It might have been expected that thirty years of toil which Mill 
had expended, and the means which were thus afforded to the 
biblical scholar to form his own judgment, in cases of various 
reading, would have been appreciated highly by all who professed 
to value Holy Scripture. But it was not so. " The great dili- 
gence which he displayed in collecting so many thousand readings 
exposed him to the attacks of many writers, both in England and 
Germany, who formed not only an unfavourable, but unjust opi- 
nion of his work. Not only the clergy in general, but even 
professors in the universities, who had no knowledge of criticism, 
considered his vast collection of various readings as a work of evil 
tendency, and inimical to the Christian religion." — {Marsh's Mi- 
chaelis, ii. 458.) 

labores amplissimis prsemiis atque imraortali gloria compensabit. Macte ista pietate 
et diligentia esto. In te omnes ora atque oculos convertimus, te unum in hoc curri- 
culum vocamus : ipsi codices celerem tuam opem implorant et flagitant : quid cessas 
per medias laudes et faventium plausus secundo rumore ingredi ? Tu vero, ut poUi- 
ceri de te possum, facies id sedulo; simulatque exibit Novum tuum Testamentum jam 
fere ad umbilicum usque perductum."— J?p. ad Millium (p. 362, ed. Dyce) 

The first of the ancient MSS. which Mill thus intended to publish, which actually 
appeared in a printed edition, was the Codex Laudianus, edited by Hearne, in 1715 ; 
the Codex Alexandrinus was printed by Woide in 178G; Kipling's edition of the Codex 
Bezffi was published in 1793; while the Codex Claromontanus did not thus appear 
till 1852, when Tischendorf edited it, from his own transcripts and collations and 
those of Tregelles. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 47 

The principal opponent of Mill's edition was Dr. Whitby, whose 
attack appeared in 1710: it may be well that Mill, who was thus 
aspersed for his long-continued labours, had been removed from 
the scenes in which such unjust and ignorant attacks can be felt. 
They worked much mischief, however, amongst the living, who 
were led to believe, through clamour, that textual criticism is 
dangerous in the extreme.* 

It is scarcely possible to conceive that Whitby could have 
attempted thus to defend the common text, had he really been 
conscious how it originated. And yet some will always be found 
to listen and applaud, when writers like Whitby charge honest 
and reverential criticism with rendering the word of God uncer- 
tain, and with being hostile to Christianity. It was easy for 
Whitby to say that, in all cases of important variation, the Ste- 
phanie reading may he defended; for it is a rare thing for there to 
be a paradox, however glaring, which does not find some one to 
maintain it. But if it be asked by what arguments would Whitby 
do this, we come to a very different point; for boldness of asser- 
tion and invective against an opponent can avail only up to a 
certain point. We might in fact seem to be discussing over again 
the attacks of Lee upon Erasmus, grounded on his departures 
from the Latin readings. 

Whitby's appendix contains *' Millius iavrov nixcdpovfievo^" in 
in which he attacks the changes of opinion on Mill's part, as to 
the value of various readings, which introduce a kind of contra- 
diction between Mill's margin and his Prolegomena. Now this 
accusation is a manifest proof how little Whitby was capable of 
apprehending the subject on which he was writing, and how little 
he understood what it was to carry on critical labours such as 
those of Mill. No doubt that critic had changed his mind, in the 

* The title of Whitby's work was— 

"Examen variantium lectionum Johannis Millii, S.T.P., ubi ostenditur, 

" 1. Lectionum harum fundamenta incerta plane esse, et ad lectionum textus hodi- 
erni convellendam protinus inidonea. 

"2. Lectiones variantes, quae sunt momenti alicujus, aut sensum textus mutant, 
paucissimos esse, atque in iis omnibus lectionem textus defendi posse. 

"3. Lectiones variantes levioris momenti, quas toties expendimus, tales esse, in 
quibus a lectione recepta rarissime recedendum est. 

"4. Millium in hisce variantibus lectionibus colligendis ssepius arte non ingenua 
usum esse, falsis citationibus abundare, et sibimet ipsi multoties contradicens." 



48 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

course of his work, as to many readings : he gives the results of 
his latest consideration in his Prolegomena; and for this he was 
thus to be blamed ! It is possible that no amount of evidence 
would have been sufficient to convince Whitby of a point to 
which he was opposed; but it was not so with Mill. ^Whitby 
seems to have valued the evidence of numbers as counterbalancing 
all other considerations, except when numbers preponderate against 
the common text. 

If Mill could be thus charged with making the text of Scrip- 
ture precarious, by those who professed to reverence its authority, 
simply because he presented to their view thirty thousand various 
readings, it is no cause for surprise that enemies of revelation, 
who knew (what others might have known or remembered) that 
Mill did not make the variations, but only stated the previously 
existing fact, should have taken up the assertion, and declared 
that the text of Scripture is precarious on this very ground. They 
used the ignorance of those who wished to uphold Scripture and 
to condemn Mill, against themselves; so that, on their principles, 
they could hardly answer the enemies of revelation. 

And thus in 1713 Anthony Collins, in his "Discourse of Free 
Thinking," was able to use the arguments of Whitby to some 
purpose, in defence of his own rejection of the authority of Scrip- 
ture. This part of Collins's book ought to be a warning to those 
who raise outcries on subjects of criticism. If Mill had not been 
blamed for his endeavours to state existing facts relative to MSS. 
of the Greek Testament, and if it had not been said that thirty 
thousand various readings are an alarming amount, this line of 
argument could not have been put into Collins's hands. 

In consequence, however, of Collins's book. Dr. Bentley 
published his reply, under the name of Phileleutlierus Lipsiensis; 
and while he fully exposed the pretensions of Collins in his gene- 
ral argument, using himself tlie assumed disguise of a Leipsic 
doctor, and professing to regard all that was passing in England 
from a foreign point of view, he so took up the subject of the 
various readings of the Greek Testament, as to place the argu- 
ment in its true light; and while, on the one hand, he vindicated 
the sacred records from material or essential corruption, he showed 
the importance of paying proper attention to critical studies. 



OP THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 49 

Bentley had to steer clear between two points, — between those who 
wished to represent the text of the New Testament as altogether 
uncertain because of the variations of copies, and those who used 
this fact of differences to depreciate critical inquiries, and to de- 
fend th^ text as commonly printed against all evidence whatever. 
In the section which Bentley devoted to the subject, he showed 
that the attention which he had paid to sacred criticism before he 
wrote his Epistola ad Millium, twenty-two years previously, still 
continued; and that, when soon after this time he issued his pro- 
posals for an edition of the Testament in Greek and Latin, he was 
not seeking to occupy a field to which he was a stranger. 



APPENDIX TO SECTION 5. 

The 32nd section of the 1st part of Bentley's "Remarks upon a late Dis- 
course of Free Thinking, in a Letter to F. H., D.D., by Phileleutherus Lip- 
siensis," is often partially quoted, when various readings are discussed ; and 
references to it are not unfrequently made. As the principles laid down in it 
are of the utmost value, and as the force of the argument can be but dimly 
apprehended from mere partial quotation, the greater part of the section is 
here appended : this forms in fact an integral part of the history of the appli- 
cation of criticism to the text of the Greek New Testament. 

In the preceding section Bentley had referred to Collins's accusations of the 
English clergy ; amongst others, Dr. INiill had been charged vrith " rendering 
the Canon of the Scripture uncertain." Collins's object in bringing forward 
such points was, that he might allege, that until believers in Revelation were 
perfectly agreed, others need not trouble themselves to inquire into its claims. 
Dr. Bentley disposes of this charge against Mill in a few remarks, showing 
that the Canon of Scripture could not have been complete before all the 
books were written, and that this was simply what Mill and others had stated. 
He then speaks of the use which Collins had chosen to make of Mill's labours. 

" Yes ! but poor Dr. Mill has still more to answer for ; and meets with a 
sorry recompense for his long labour of xxx. years. For, if we are to believe 



50 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

not only this wise author, but a wiser doctor* of your own, he was labouring 
all that while to prove the text of the Scripture precarious ; having scraped 
together such an immense collection of various readings, as amount in the 
whole, by a late author's computation, to above thirty thousand. Now this is 
a matter of some consequence, and will well deserve a few reflections. 

"I am forced to confess with grief, that several well-meaning priests,f of 
greater zeal than knowledge, have often, by their own false alarms and panic^ 
both frighted others of their ovra side, and given advantage to their enemies. 
What an uproar once was there, as if all were ruined and undone, when 
Capellus wrote one book against the antiquity of the Hebrew points, and 
another for various lections in the Hebrew text itself 1 And yet time and 
experience has cured them of those imaginary fears ; and the great author in 
his grave has now that honour universally, which the few only of his own age 
paid him when alive. 

" The case is and will be the same with your learned friend Dr. Mill ; 
whose friendship (while I staid at Oxford) and memory will be ever dear to 
me. For what is it that your Whitbyus so inveighs and exclaims at ? The 
doctor's labours, says he, make the whole text precarious, and expose both the 
Reformation to the papists, and religion itself to the atheists. God forbid ! 
we'll still hope better things. For surely those various readings existed 
before in the several exemplars ; Dr. Mill did not make and coin them, he 
only exhibited them to our view. If religion, therefore, was true before, 
though such various readings were in being, it will be as true, and conse- 
quently as safe still, though everybody sees them. Depend on't, no truth, 
no matter of fact fairly laid open, can ever subvert true religion. 

"The 30,000 various lections are allowed, then, and confessed : and if more 
copies yet are collated, the sum will still mount higher. And what's the 
inference from this ? Why, one Gregory, here quoted, infers that no profane 
author whatever has suffered so much by the hand of time as the New I'esta- 
ment has done. Now if this shall be found utterly false ; and if the scriptural 
text has no more variations than what must necessarily have happened from 
the nature of things, and what are common and in equal proportion in all 
classics whatever ; I hope this panic will be removed, and the text be thought 
as firm as before. 

" If there had been but one manuscript of the Greek Testament, at the 
restoration of learning about two centuries agfo, then we had had no various read- 
ings at all. And would the text be in a better condition then, than now 
we have 30,000 ? So far from that, that in the best single copy extant we 
should have had some hundreds of faults, and some omissions irreparable. 
Besides that the suspicions of fraud and foul play would have been increased 
immensely. 

" It is good, therefore, you'll allow, to have more anchors than one ; and 



* Bentley of course intends Wliitby by this reference. 

t Beutley frequently used CoUinss phrascolopy, in bis remarks. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 51 

another MS. to join with the first would give more authority, as well as 
security. Now choose that second where you will, there shall still be a thousand 
variations from the first ; and yet half or more of the faults shall still remain 
in them both. 

" A third therefore, and so a fourth, and still on, are desirable, that by a 
joint and mutual help all the faults may be mended ; some copy preserving 
the true reading in one place, and some in another. And yet the more copies 
you call to assistance, the more do the various readings multiply upon you ; 
every copy having its peculiar slips, though in a principal passage or two it do 
singular service. And this is fact not only in the New Testament, but in 
all ancient books whatever. 

" 'Tis a good providence and a great blessing, that so many manuscripts of 
the New Testament are still amongst us ; some procured from Egypt, others 
from Asia, others found in the Western churches. For the very distances of 
places, as well as numbers of the books, demonstrate, that there could be no 
collusion, no altering nor interpolating one copy by another, nor all by any of 
them. 

" In profane authors, (as they are called), whereof one manuscript only 
had the luck to be preserved, as Velleius Paterculus amongst the Latins, and 
Hesychius among the Greeks, the faults of the scribes are found so numerous, 
and the defects so beyond all redress, that, notwithstanding the pains of the 
learnedest and acutest critics for two whole centuries, these books still are, and 
are like to continue, a mere heap of errors. On the contrary, where the copies 
of any author are numerous, though the various readings always increase in 
proportion, there the text, by an accurate collation of them made by skilful 
and judicious hands, is ever the more correct, and comes nearer to the true 
words of the author. 

" Were the very originals of ancient books still in being, those alone would 
supersede the use of all other copies ; but since that was impossible /rom the 
nature of things^ since time and casualties must consume and devour all, the 
subsidiary help is from the various transcripts conveyed down to us, when 
examined and compared together. 

" Terence is now in one of the best conditions of any of the classic writers; 
the oldest and best copy of him is now in the Vatican Library, which comes 
nearest to the poet's own hand ; but even that has hundreds of errors, most 
of which may be mended out of other exemplars, that are otherwise more 
recent and of inferior value. I myself have collated several ; and do affirm 
that I have seen 20,000 various lections in that little author, not near so big 
as the whole New Testament ; and am morally sure, that if half the number 
of manuscripts were collated for Terence with that niceness and minuteness 
which has been used in twice as many for the New Testament^ the number of 
the variations would amount to above 50,000. 

" In the manuscripts of the New Testament the variations have been noted 
with a religious, not to say superstitious, exactness. Every difference, in 
spelling, in the smallest particle or article of speech, in the very order or 



52 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

collocation of words without real change,* has been studiously registered. 
Nor has the text only been ransacked, but all the ancient versions, the Latin 
Vulgate, Italic,! Syriac, Ethiopic, Arabic, Coptic, Armenian, Gothic, and 
Saxon ; nor these only, but all the dispersed citations of the Greek and Latin 
fathers, in the course of 500 years. What wonder then, if, with all this 
scrupulous search in every hole and corner, the varieties rise to 30,000 ? when 
in all ancient books of the same bulk, whereof the MSS. are numerous, the 
variations are as many or more, and yet no versions to swell the reckoning. 

" The editors of profane authors do not use to trouble their readers, or risk 
their own reputation, by an useless list of every small slip committed by a 
lazy or ignorant scribe. What is thought commendable in an edition of 
Scripture, and has the name of fairness and fidelity, would in them be deemed 
impertinence and trifling. Hence the reader not versed in ancient MSS. is 
deceived into an opinion, that there were no more variations in the copies than 
what the editor has communicated. Whereas, if the like scrupulousness was 
observed in registering the smallest changes in profane authors, as is allowed, 
nay required, in sacred, the now formidable number of 30,000 would appear 
a very trifle. 

" 'Tis manifest that books in verse are not near so obnoxious to variations 
as those in prose ; the transcriber, if he is not wholly ignorant and stupid, 
being guided by the measures, and hindered from such alterations as do not 
fall in with the laws of numbers. And yet even in poets the variations 
are so very many as can hardly be conceived without use and experience. In 
the late edition of Tibullus by the learned writer Mr. Broukhuise [1708], 
you have a register of various lections in the close of that book, where you may 
see, at the first view, that they are as many as the lines. The same is visible 
in Plautus, set out by Pareus. I myself, during my travels, have had the 
opportunity to examine several MSS. of the poet Manilius ; and can assure 
you that the variations I have met with are twice as many as all the lines of 
the book. Our Discourser \ here has quoted nine verses out of it, p. 151 ; in 
which, though one of the easiest places, I can show him xiv. various lections. 
Add likewise that the MSS. here used were few in comparison : and then do 
you imagine what the lections would amount to, if ten times as many (the 
case of Dr. ]\Iill) were accurately examined. And yet in these and all other 
books the text is not made more precarious on that account, but more certain 
and authentic. So that, if I may advise 3'ou, when you hear more of this 

^ When Bentley began to examine Greek MSS. of the New Testament for himself, 
he learned that many of these points had been neglectedhy collators. 

t The Italic version was a phrase which Bentley afterwards thoroughly rejected. The 
"Itala" is once mentioned by Augustine, and this word Bentley considered to be a 
transcriptural en'or. There is no occasion for such suspicions ; the word, however, 
does not apply to the Ante-hieronymian Latin texts in general, but (as is clear 
from the passage in Augustine) to a particular revision of the Old Latin which 
was cun*ent in Upper Italy. 

t i e. Collins, against whom Bentley was writing, although discussing at the same 
time the theories and charges of Whitby. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 53 

scarecrow of 30,000, be neither astonished at the sum, nor in any pain for the 
text. 

" 'Tis plain to me that your learned Whitbyus, in his invective against my 
dead friend, was suddenly surprised with a panic ; and under his deep con- 
cern for the text, did not reflect at all what that word really means. The 
present text was first settled almost 200 years ago out of several MSS. by 
Eobert Stephens, a printer and bookseller at Paris ; whose beautiful and 
(generally speaking) accurate edition has been ever since counted the standard, 
and followed by all the rest.* Now this specific tea^t, in your doctor's notion, 
seems taken for the sacred original in every word and syllable ; and if the 
conceit is but spread and propagated, within a few years that printer's infalli- 
bility will be as zealously maintained as an evangelists or apostle's. 

" Dr. Mill, were he alive, would confess to your doctor, that this text fixed 
by a printer is sometimes by the various readings rendered uncertain, nay, is 
proved certainly wrong. But then he would subjoin, that the real text of the 
sacred writers does not now (since the originals have been so long lost) lie in 
any single MS. or edition, but is dispersed in them all. 'Tis competently exact 
indeed even in the worst MS. now extant ; nor is one article of faith or 
moral precept either perverted or lost in them ; choose as awkwardly as you 
can, choose the worst by design, out of the whole lump of readings. But the 
lesser matters of diction, and among several synonymous expressions the very 
words of the vrriter, must be found out by the same industry and sagacity that 
is used in other books ; must not be risked upon the credit of any particular 
MS. or edition, but be sought, acknowledged, and challenged, wherever they 
are met with. 

" Stephens followed what he found in the King of France's copies. Acts 
xxvii. 14, auefxos Tv^atviKos, 6 koKovixcvos EYPOKAYAQN ; and he is followed 
by your translators, there arose against it a tempestuous wind called EU- 
ROCLYDON. This reading, perhaps, your learned doctor would not have 
now be made precarious : but if that printer had had the use of your 
Alexandrian MS., which exhibits here EYPAKYAQN, it's very likely he would 
have given it the preference in his text ; and then the doctor, upon his own 
principle, must have stickled for this. 

" The wind euroclydon was never heard of but here ; it's compounded of 
evpos Kkvbcov, the wind and the waves ; and it seems plain a priori from the 
disparity of those two ideas, that they could not be joined in one compound ; 
nor is there any other example of the like composition. 

" But evpaKvXav, or, as the Vulgar Latin here has it, euro-aquilo (approved 
by Grotius and others) is so apposite to the context, and to all the circum- 
stances of the place, that it may fairly challenge admittance as the word of 

* This is said according to what was then the commonjoproion relative to Stephens's 
text ; when it was thought that it was edited from MSS., instead of following almost 
absolutely Erasmus's fifth edition : the only use made of MSS. was to take various 
readings from them to place in the margin. 



54 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

St. Luke.* 'Tis true, according to Vitruvius, Seneca, and Pliny, who make 
eurus to blow from the winter solstice, and aquilo between the summer solstice 
and the north point, there can be no such wind or word as euro-aquiloy because 
the solanus or apheliotes from the cardinal point of east comes between them. 
But eurus is here to be taken, as Gellius, ii. 22, and the Latin poets use it, 
for the middle equinoctial east, the same as solanus ; and then in the table of 
the xii. winds according to the ancients, between the two cardinal winds 
septentrio and eurus, there are two at stated distances, aquilo and KaiKias. The 
Latins had no known name for KatKLas : Quern ah oriente solstitiali excitatum 
Grceci KaiKiav vocant, apud nos sine nomine est, says Seneca, Nat. Qucest. v. 16. 
KaiKtay, therefore, blowing between aquilo and eurus, the Roman seamen (for 
want of a specific word) might express the same wind by the compound name 
euro-aquilo, in the same analogy as the Greeks call evpouoros the middle wind 
between eurus and notu^, and as you say now south-east and north-east. Since 
therefore we have now found that euro-aquilo was the Eoman mariners' word 
for the Greek KatKias, there will soon appear a just reason why St. Luke 
calls it avefios TvcjyoiviKos, a tempestuous wind, vorticosus, a whirling wind ; for 
that's the peculiar character of KaiKias in those climates ; as appears from 
several authors, and from that known proverbial verse, 

''E\kcov ecjf)' avTov wy 6 KaiKias vecf^r]. 
So that, with submission, I think our Luther's and the Danish version have 
done more right than your English to the sacred text, by translating it nord- 
osT, north-east ; though, according to the present compass, divided into xxxii., 
euro-aquilo answers nearest to ost-nord-ost, east-noiih-east ; which is the 
very wind that would directly drive a ship from Crete to the African Syrtis 
according to the pilot's fears, in the 17th verse, 

" The Alexandrian copy, then, though it has vastly increased the number 
of readings, as you see in your Polyglot and Dr. Mill's edition, has been of 
excellent use here ; and so in many other places ; retrieving to us the true 
original, where other copies failed. And what damage if all the other copies 
of near the same antiquity, which Mr. Montfaucon has discovered, and Dr. 
Mill never saw, were sometime collated as exactly, and all the varieties pub- 
lished, let the thousands grow never so many ? 

" When the doctor is so alarmed at the vast sum of 30,000 he seems to take it 
for granted, that within that number the very original is every where found ; 
and the only complaint is, that true are so blended with false, that they can 
hardly be discovered. If that were the only difficulty, some abler heads 
than ours would soon find a remedy : in the mean time I can assure him, that if 
that be the case, the New Testament has suffered less injurij hy the hand of 
time than any profane author, there being not one ancient book besides it in 
the world, that, with all the help of various lections (be they 50,000, if you 



* It has since been found that this is the reading of the Codex Vuticanus a prima 
manii. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 55 

will) does not stand in further want of emendation by true critic ;* nor is 
one good edition of any that has not inserted into the text (though every 
reader knows it not) what no manuscript vouches. 

" 'Tis plain indeed that if emendations are true, they must have once been 
in some manuscripts, at least in the author's original ; but it does not follow, 
that because no manuscript now exhibits them, none more ancient ever did. 
Slips and errors (while the art of printing was unknown) grew presently and 
apace, even while the author was alive. Martial tells us himself, how one of 
his admirers was so curious, that he sent a copy of his poems, which he had 
bought, to be emended by his own hand. (Martial vii. 11.) And we certainly 
know from Gellius (i. 21 ; ix. 14), that even so early as Hadrian's time, and 
before, the common copies of Yirgil had several mistakes. 

" Not frighted, therefore, with the present 30,000, I, for my part, and (as I 
believe) many others, would not lament, if out of the old manuscripts yet 
untouched 10,000 more were faithfully collected : some of which without 
question would render the text more beautiful, just, and exact, though of no 
consequence to the main of religion ; nay, perhaps wholly synonymous in the 
view of common readers, and quite insensible in any modern version.f 



. *' But to return to our Discourser, and to close up this long remark : it is fact 
undeniable, that the sacred books have suffered no more alterations than com- 



* The word "critic" is used by Bentley and some of his contemporaries (e. g. 
Bp. Hare) for Ars Critlca, after the analogy of Logic, Music, Rhetoric, Arithmetic. 
It seems to have fallen into disuse from the inconvenience that the same word stands 
in English for him who exercises the art or excels in it, Criticus. And thus Criticism 
has been adopted as the current term, and not Critic, to express the art. 

Of late an endeavour has been made to force upon the English tongue the words 
Patristih, Symbotih, DogmatiTc, by some of those translators from the German, who, 
even if they are skilled in the language which they seek to transfuse, are at least.un- 
aware of the proprieties of that into which they profess to translate. Some of these 
have sought to revive the word Critic in the sense in which it has gone out of use. 

The analogies observed in the formation of Pneumatics, or Criticism, would be far 
better to be followed, if new technical terms must be introduced : although it maybe 
observed that new technical terms, if not tvell explained, are commonly a veil for 
indefiniteness of thought and absolute mysticism. 

t Bentley here gives specimens of conjectural criticism as applied to the text of 
the New Testament. He soon, however, rejected the notion of introducing any con- 
jectural emendations into the text, and was satisfied that the joint testimony of MSS. 
versions and early citations present us with such materials for critical application as 
we have not for any profane work whatever. 

The conjectures inserted in Wetstein's Greek Testament as those which Bentley 
communicated to his friends, are such as few will probably think to have really pro- 
ceeded from that Critic. There seems to have been some mistake or misapprehension 
on Wetstein's part. In the first edition of his Prolegomena in 1730, Wetstein inserted 
these conjectures without giving any name in connection with them: he seems to 
have failed in memory, when twenty-two years afterwards he ascribed them all to 
Bentley. 



56 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

mon and classic authors ; it has been the common sense of men of letters, that 
numbers of manuscripts do not make a text precarious, but are useful, nay, 
necessary to its establishment and certainty. And as Scaliger, Casaubon, 
Heinsius, &c., when they designed to publish a correct edition of an author, 
first laboured to procure all the manuscripts they could hear of, as the only 
means that promised laudable success ; so Stephanus, Junius,* Curcellaeus, 
Walton, Fell, and Mill proceeded in the same method. All these, except 
Stephens the printer, were christian priests ; and what, pray, were they doing 
with all this pains and labour ? Why, according to our wise author, they were 
confounding their own scheme. Very magisterial and decisive ! And yet the 
comfort is, that in his courteous distribution of all mankind into knaves and 
fools, he can neither accuse the clergy here as playing their priestcraft, nor, 
without involving vsdth them the most learned of the laity, turn them over to 
the second row of crackhrained and idiots. 

" The result of the whole is, that either a posteriori all ancient books, as 
well as the sacred, must now be laid aside as uncertain and precarious ; or else 
to say a priori, that all the transcripts of sacred books should have been 
privileged against the common fate, and exempted from all slips and errors 
whatever. Which of these our vsrriter and his new sect will close with I 
cannot foresee : there's in each of them such a gust of the paradox and per- 
verse, that they equally suit with a modern free-thinker's palate ; and there- 
fore I shall here bestow a short reflection on both. 

" If all the old authors are abandoned by him, there is one compendious 
answer to this Discourse of Free-thinking. For what becomes of the boasted 
passages out of Cicero, Plutarch, and his long list of ancient free-thinkers, if 
the text of each is precarious ? those passages, as they came from the author's 
hands, might he for superstition, which are now cited against it. Thus our 
writer will be found /eZo de se; unless the coroner, to save his effects, favours 
him with his own titles of fool and madman. 

"But I have too much value for the ancients to play booty about their 
works, for the sake of a short answer to a fool according to his folly. All 
those passages, and all the rest of their remains, are sufficiently pure and 
genuine to make us sure of the writer's design. K a corrupt line or dubious 
reading chances to intervene, it does not darken the whole context, nor make 
an author's opinion or his i^wc^ose precarious. Terence, for instance, has as 
many variations as any book whatever, in proportion to its bulk ; and yet, 
with all its interpolations, omissions, additions, or glosses, (choose the worst 
of them on purpose), you cannot deface the contrivance and plot of one play ; 
no, not of one single scene ; but its sense, design, and subserviency to the last 
issue and conclusion, shall be visible and plain thorow all the mist of various 
lections. And so it is with the Sacred Text: make your 30,000 as many 
more, if numbers of copies can ever reach that sum : all the better to a 

* i. e. Patrick Young, librarian to King Charles I., the earliest collator of the Cod. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 57 

knowing and serious reader, who is thereby more richly furnished to select 
what he sees genuine. But even put them into the hands of a knave or a 
fool, and yet with the most sinistrous and absurd choice, he shall not extin- 
guish the light of any one chapter, nor so disguise Christianity but that 
every feature of it will still be the same. 

"And this has already prevented the last shift and objection, that sacred 
books, at least, books imposed upon the world as divine laws and revelations, 
should have been exempted from the injuries of time, and sacred from the 
least change. For what need of that perpetual miracle, if, with all the present 
changes, the whole Scripture is perfect and sufficient to all the great ends and 
purposes of its first writing ? AVhat a scheme would these men make ! What 
worthy rules would they prescribe to Providence ! That in millions of copies 
transcribed in so many ages and nations, all the notaries and writers, who 
made it their trade and livelihood, should be infallible and impeccable ? That 
their pens should spontaneously vrrite true, or be supernaturally guided, 
though the scribes were nodding or dreaming ? Would not this exceed all the 
miracles of both Old and New Testament ? And, pray, to what great use 
or design ? To give satisfaction to a few obstinate and untractable wretches ; 
to those who are not convinced by Moses and the prophets, but want one from 
the dead to come and convert them. Such men mistake the methods of 
Providence, and the very fundamentals of religion ; which draws its votaries 
by the cords of a man, by rational, ingenuous, and moral motives ; not by 
conviction mathematical; not by new evidence miraculous, to silence every 
doubt and whim that impiety and folly can suggest. And yet all this would 
have no effect upon such spirits and dispositions : if they now believe not 
Christ and his apostles, neither would they believe if their own schemes were 
complied with." — Bentleys Works^ Dyce's edition, iij. 347-361. 



§ 6.— BENTLEY'S PROPOSED EDITION. 

Mention has been already made of tlie early attention which 
Bentley paid to the subject of New Testament criticism; this pos- 
session of accurate knowledge of the facts which bear upon it 
enabled him to meet the scepticism of Collins, by which he had 
sought to cast a veil of uncertainty upon those records which 



58 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

Christians liave ever regarded as the foundations of their hopes. 
It is not surprising that he should have sought to take up the 
subject at the place where Mill had left it, and to go onward with 
the attempt to present a settled text of the sacred volume. 

The public manner in which he had shown the causelessness 
of the outcry which was occasioned by the fact that various read- 
ings exist, directed attention to himself as the person who was 
especially suited to undertake and execute such an edition. Dr. 
(afterwards Bishop) Hare in his "Clergyman's Thanks to Phile- 
leutherus,"* publicly called on Bentley to carry out a work for 
which his scholarship rendered him so pecuKarly competent. 

In the beginning of 1716, Wetstein, then a young man, came to 
England, and showed Bentley the collations which he had made 
of MSS. at Paris. Wetstein appears to have been wholly unaware 
of the attention which Bentley had previously paid to sacred 
criticism, for he says that this was the first time that he contem- 
plated such a scheme. So far from this being the case, he had 
already himself collated the whole of the Alexandrian MS.; and 
the interest which he felt in the extracts which Wetstein had 
made from the Codex Ephraemi, seems to have arisen from finding 
how very often they confirmed the readings of that MS. Indeed 
Bentley knew what MSS. of great antiquity had come to light 
since the collations made by Mill and his friends, so that he was 
competent at this time to have instructed Wetstein on the whole 
subject. In 1723, Conyers Middleton complained that Bentley 
had detained MSS. from the public library at Cambridge, some 
for eleven years, some eight, and some for shorter periods; these 
MSS. appear to have been connected with his Greek Testament 
collations. Amongst other MSS. was the Codex Bezae; which, 
after having kept it for seven years, Bentley returned in 1722. 
Thus it is clear that Bentley did not commence his preparations 
suhsequenthj to Wetstein's visit, in 1716. 

When Bentley saw the collections which Wetstein had made, 
he pressed him to publish them, oflcring his assistance. Wetstein, 



* The date of Hare's pamphlet is March, 1713; this may very probably mean 1714, 
accordiuK to our present reckoning; the 2')\\\ of March was then commonly counted 
the beginning of the year in this country, until tlic adoption of the New Style in 
1752. 



OF THE GEEEK NEW TESTAMENT. 59 

however, preferred to transfer these extracts to Bentley, who pur- 
chased his services for a time, and sent him to Paris to make a 
more complete collation of the Codex Ephraemi. 

Bentley unfolded his plan of proceeding in a letter to Dr. 
Wake, Archbishop of Canterbury, April 16, 1716, while Wetstein 
was still in England. 

In this letter he refers to the alarm which had been needlessly 
raised on the subject of various readings ; and he expresses his 
satisfaction that he hears that what he wrote on the subject in 
answer to Collins, had "made several good men more easy in that 
matter than they had been before." He then gives some account 
of his studies in (what may be called) comparative criticism* He 
found (he says) a wonderful resemblance and agreement between 
the oldest Latin and Greek MSS. ; and by means of this agree- 
ment he was able (he believed) to restore the text of the New 
Testament to what it had been at the time of the Council of Nice 
in the best copies then current. He even says enthusiastically, 
"so that there shall not be 20 words, or even particles, difference." 

He had found (he says) in collating one or two of St. Paul's 
Epistles in the Codex Alexandrinus, that the transpositions of 
words, etc., had not been noticed by Mill and other collators; this 
led him to recollate the entire MS. He then refers to the Codex 
Ephraemi, and to the confirmation which the readings extracted 
by Wetstein often gave to the Alexandrian copy. 

He then speaks of the history of Jerome's translation; which 
(he considers) must at first have accurately represented in Latin 
the best Greek MSS. then obtainable. But finding how different 
the modern Clementine Vulgate is from the oldest Greek readings, 
he examined the oldest MSS. which he could see of that version, 
and then was well pleased to discover that there was often a 
precise accordance between the Latin and the Greek. 
. Bentley next speaks briefly of the formation of the common 



* The introduction of such a term as tins scarcely demands an apology. Tew 
secular writers of antiquity admit of comparative criticism of the text, for they have 
in general come down to us in MSS. of one. language only. Not so the New Testa- 
ment ; for there a new element of textual criticism must be considered; and it is our 
ability to use comparative criticism that enables us to form a more correct judgment 
of the absolute and relative value of different MSS. and versions. 



60 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

text of the Greek Testament. These sentences, both as to the 
current Greek and Latin copies, are well worthy of attention : — 

'*The New Testament has been under a hard fate since the 
invention of printing. 

" After the Complutenses and Erasmus, who had but very 
ordinary ]\ISS., it became the property of booksellers. Robert 
Stephens's edition, set out and regulated by himself alone, is now 
become the standard. That text stands, as if an apostle was his 
compositor. 

"No heathen author has had such ill fortune. Terence, Ovid, 
etc., for the first century after printing, went about with 20,000 
errors in them. But when learned men undertook them, and 
from the oldest MSS. set out correct editions, those errors fell and 
vanished. But if they had kept to the first published text, and 
set the various lections only in the margin, those classic authors 
would be as clogged with variations as Dr. Mill's Testament is. 

"Popes Sixtus and Clement, at a vast expense, had an assembly 
of learned divines to recense and adjust the Latin Vulgate, and then 
enacted their new edition authentic : but I find, though I have 
not discovered anything done dolo malo^ they were quite unequal 
to the afiair. They were mere theologi, had no experience in 
MSS., nor made use of good Greek copies, and followed books of 
500 years before those of double age. Nay, I believe, they took 
these new ones for the older of the two; for it is not everybody 
knows the age of a manuscript. 

" * * * To conclude: in a word, I find that by taking 2000 
errors out of the Pope's Vulgate, and as many out of the Protes- 
tant Pope Stephens's, I can set out an edition of each in columns, 
without using any book under 900 years old, that shall so exactly 
agree word for word, and, what at first amazed me, order for 
order, that no two tallies, nor two indentures, can agree better. 

"I affirm that these so placed will prove each other to a 
demonstration ; for I alter not a letter of my own head, with the 
authority of these old witnesses," 

Earnestly for a time did Bentley prosecute his design; great 
pains were taken to procure accurate collations of the oldest Greek 
and Latin MSS. It is to be lamented that the proposed edition 
never appeared. The delays which arose from the strange conten- 



OP THE GEEEK NEW TESTAMENT. 61 

tions in which Bentley was involved, and the outcry which was 
raised by well-meaning prejudice, so far prevailed as to delay the 
work, until it was impossible for Bentley himself to superintend its 
publication. And thus all that was accomplished was the acquire- 
ment of a mass of materials. 

It was very soon reported that Bentley was engaged in such an 
edition ; and before the end of the year in which he had informed 
Archbishop Wake what he had in hand, some took alarm in the 
belief that he would not insert 1 John v. 7. This was made the 
subject of a kind of an anonymous argumentative remonstrance 
to Bentley; who replied (Jan. 1, 1716-17) that the decision as to 
that verse must depend on ancient evidence, the same as all other 
passages. In the following 1st of May, Bentley, who was little 
accustomed to withhold his opinions, delivered his probationary 
lecture as candidate for the Regius Professorship of Divinity ; in 
this lecture he gave his decided judgment for the rejection of the 
verse in question. In such a case boldness is prudence; if the 
verse is not owned as part of Holy Writ by competent authorities, 
it is needful to speak out, even though the equanimity of subjec- 
tive dogmatists be ruffled, and though they may raise an antici- 
pative feeling of condemnation against the honest critic. 

Amongst other steps taken by Bentley, was that of sending 
John Walker, Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, to Paris to 
collate MSS. for him. On his return, in 1720, Bentley issued 
his Proposals for his Greek and Latin New Testament, accom- 
panied by the last chapter of the Revelation, as a specimen. 

The whole of Bentley's Proposals were comprised in eight 
paragraphs : the first spoke of the actual condition of the printed 
Greek Text and the Latin Vulgate, and the importance of the 
service of revising both, on the authority of MSS. of more than 
a thousand years old. The second related to the view which 
Bentley took of certain passages in St. Jerome ** where he 
declares, that (without making a new version) he adjusted and 
reformed the whole Latin Vulgate to the best Greek exemplars; 
that is to say, to those of the famous Origen," and also of the 
passage containing Jerome's statement that the order even of 
the words is important in translations of Holy Scripture. 
From these passages he concluded that the oldest Greek and 



62 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

Latin copies ouglit to agree botli in words and in tKeir order, 
"and upon making tKe essay (he says) he has succeeded in his 
conjecture beyond his expectation or even his hopes." In the 
third paragraph he states his belief that the mass of various read- 
ings may, from his collations, be so reduced in number as to 
leave only about two hundred places in which the true text of a 
passage can be a matter of doubt. In ihQ fourth^ he says, that he 
uses as subsidiary, in order to confirm the readings which he 
adopts, " the old versions, Syriac, Coptic, Gothic, and j3^thiopic, 
and of all the fathers, Greeks and Latins, within the first five 
centuries; and he gives in his notes all the various readings 
(now known) within the said five centuries. So that the 
reader has under one view what the first ages of the Church 
knew of the text; and what has crept into any copies since 
is of no value or authority." In the fifth paragraph, Bentley 
disclaims the use of conjecture altogether in the text itself of 
the sacred volume ; the notes are to contain all the evidence on 
which every word rests ; and also the common readings of Ste- 
phens's Greek and Clement the Vlllth's Latin are to be plainly 
exhibited. In the sixths the reader is told that any conjectures of 
the editor will be given, as such, in the Prolegomena, in which 
also there was promised a full account of the MSS., etc., used. 
The seventh paragraph informed the reader of the terms of sub- 
scription ; the price charged being rendered needful by the great 
expense incurred : " the lowest subscription for smaller paper 
must be three guineas, one advanced in present; and for the great 
paper five guineas, two advanced." The concluding paragraph 
promised that the edition should be put to press as soon as a 
sufficient sum was contributed by subscribers. John Walker was 
to be the superintendent of the impression, and the profit or loss 
was to be equally shaded by him and Dr. Bentley. 

The specimen was so arranged as to exhibit the general plan of 
the edition. As the collations were by no means complete or 
brought into order, the MSS. were not cited by name, but " An- 
glici duo," " Gallici trcs,"* etc., were inserted in that part of the 



* It is rather curious that Wctstein, who had liad good opportunities for knowing 
.Bentlcy's plan, and how he had himself explained these references, took them for 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 63 

page, as sliowing how the authorities would be cited, rather than 
as giving references to actual MSS. 

Almost as soon as Bentley's proposals and specimen appeared, 
they were severely attacked in an anonymous pamphlet, written 
by Conyers Middleton. This was replied to in a tone of great 
severity in a pamphlet also anonymous, but which has been com- 
monly attributed to Bentley, and which was undoubtedly, in part 
at least, his. In this reply, however, Bentley is always referred to 
in the third person, and remarks on Dr. Mill and his edition are 
introduced, such as apparently Bentley would not have made; this 
was probably a mere device. In general learning, and in acquaint- 
ance with textual criticism in particular, Middleton was no match 
for Bentley ; he repeats the merest assertions, such as might have 
proceeded from Whitby, to exalt the early editors, to decry cri- 
ticism, and yet to applaud the labours of Mill, in order to depre- 
ciate those of Bentley. One thing is deeply to be regretted, that 
such a subject was discussed in such a manner on both sides :* for 
the solemn reverence due to God's holy word was utterly forgot- 
ten, and the question of the text of the New Testament was made 
a mere point of intellectual gladiatorship. Middleton did not in 
general understand the really weak points of Bentley's plan, and 
he spent his strength in assailing what was well-established. 
Bentley gives important information on the subject before him, 
and he well defends those true principles of criticism which Mid- 
dleton had assailed. And yet the spirit of such advocacy was 
utterly unsuited to the cause, f *'Non tali auxilio." 



actual existing MSS ; and thus in his Prolegomena to the Apocalypse he inserts in his 
HstofMSS.— 

" 20 et 21, Duo Codices Gallicani^ qui citantur in specimine Capitis ultimi Apo- 
calypseos a R. Bentlejo edito." 

From Wetstein these supposed MSS. were transferred to Griesbach's list. Scholz, 
however, not doubting that these MSS. were amongst the others at Paris which he 
had seen, excludes them from his list, and substitutes for them two Codices YaUicel- 
liani, D. 20 and B. 86 : however, he has never cited these Yalhcellian MSS.; the only 
places in which 20 or 21 occur in his notes are taken from "Wetstein. 

Why Wetstein should have referred to Bentley for iwo MSS. only from France does 
not appear. Bentley sometimes cites " Gallici ires" "Gallici quatuorP 

* Bentley seems to have thought that Middleton's pamphlet had proceeded from 
Dr. John Colbatch, Professor of Casuistry at Cambridge, with whom he had at this 
time a fierce feud. Much of his reply is based on this supposition. 

t " It is painful to narrate the animosity and virulence which displayed themselves 



64 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PKINTED TEXT 

Bentley mentions, in reply to a remark of his opponent on the 
manner in which the citations of authorities stand in his specimen, 
what the kind of notation was that he had adopted; — that of 
distinguishing the MSS. by letters, A, B, C, etc., and a, /3, y: 
this is, in fact, the system which was adopted by Wetstein, and 
which has still continued in use. 

He showed good discrimination in his use of patristic citations, 
receiving them for as much as they were worth, remembering 
that they, too, might have suiFered from the hands of copyists ; 
and thus in many instances they possess but little value in evi- 
dence. The case is wholly different when a father cites words 
expressly, or where a peculiar reading is found in the quotation 
which also accords with other ancient authorities. In small and 
unimportant points the citations of "fathers" have been indubi- 
tably modernized by transcribers, who adapted what they copied 
to what was familiar to their own ears; while in readings of 
marked peculiarity they could not do this, because the verbal 
diSerence was so much greater. 

Bentley might well be annoyed at being attacked in such a 
manner by anticipation; and if he had replied in a different tone 
and temper, all candid readers would have felt that he was the 
aggrieved party. We can easily understand how Bentley should 
conclude his answer thus : — "If they will need attack an edition 
before it's begun, let them put their names to their work. If 
they do not, they shall have no answer ; and if they do, they will 
need none." However frequently the former of these sentences 
may be applied, few could be Bentleian enough to use the latter. 

Conyers Middleton replied to Bentley 's answer in a much 
longer and abler pamphlet than his former; its whole character, 
in fact, was very superior to his previous attack. But still it did 
not really bear on the critical points at issue ; and one unhappy con- 
sequence was, that the feeling was increased in this country that 
it is unsafe to apply criticism to the text of the New Testament ; 
that it is often better to retain readings traditionally, without 
evidence, than to revise them in accordance with good and suffi- 
cient testimony. 

on such a subject as a new edition of the Gospel of Peace."— Bishop Monk's Life of 
13eutley, ii. 130. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 65 

Other publications attacked Bentley's proposed edition; and it 
is certain that the scheme was retarded, — that the expected per- 
mission to obtain the paper free from duty was not granted, — and 
that it was commonly believed that such an alarm had been ex- 
cited as frustrated the edition. 

Bentley's time and thoughts were unhappily much engaged by 
the feuds in which he had involved himself at Cambridge ; and 
yet, in spite of these hindrances, and the great opposition 
raised, he continued to collect materials for his work, and to 
receive subscriptions : the sum thus paid him in advance was two 
thousand guineas. 

The most important critical authority of which Bentley obtained 
a collation for his intended edition is the Codex Vaticanus: of this 
most important document he procured first a collation made for 
him by an Italian named Mico, and he afterwards (as appears by 
his published correspondence) obtained a more accurate comparison 
of some parts of the MS. from his nephew Dr. Thomas Bentley, 
and then from the Abbate Rulotta a collation of the corrections 
found in the MS. This was sent him in 1729 ; so that up to that 
time he had his Greek Testament still in hand. 

While Bentley was prosecuting this design, discussions were 
carried on as to the genuineness of the verse 1 John v. 7, as if 
all criticism of Scripture must be directed to that one point, as if 
no principles of evidence could be good unless they established its 
authenticity, and as if none could be holders of the Christian faith 
on the subject of the Trinity, unless this verse were maintained to 
be part of divine Scripture. These discussions, conducted in such 
a manner, could not really further Biblical studies : it is in vain to 
determine a priori what must be received as God's Word, and 
then to condemn all the evidence which would contradict such 
pre-devised conclusions. All this, however, made many feel that a 
critical text of the New Testament would be a very dangerous book. 

The maintainers of orthodox truth who decried criticism, were 
punished for the line of conduct which they pursued; for in 1729 
Daniel Mace published his Greek Testament, with an English 
translation, in which he boldly and arbitrarily changed passages, 
with evidence or without it, in accordance with his own subjec- 



66 AN ACCOUNT OF THE FEINTED TEXT 

live notions. He was a man apparently of some ingenuity, of no 
real or accurate scholarship, and possessed of but little principle; 
he so contrived to use remarks in Mill's Prolegomena, as to have 
apparently the sanction of the name of that critic for his mode of 
editing passages. In 1732 he wslb ansivered by Dr. Leonard 
Twells, whose work met with great approbation at the time : a 
fact which does not speak highly for the knowledge of criticism 
then commonly possessed. 

After the year 1729, we do not find any further notices of 
Bentley's continued labour for the publication of his Greek Tes- 
tament. Hofmann, in his edition of Pritius's Introduction, in 
1737, says that it was an understood thing that Bentley had pre- 
pared the edition, but that he had left it to be published after 
his death.* In 1742, when that event occurred, Bentley left 
his books, etc., to his nephew, of the same name as himself: 
" probably expecting that he would give to the world his edition 
of the New Testament, and others of his unpublished lucubra- 
tions. But that gentleman never edited any posthumous works of 
his uncle, and returned the money of the subscribers to the New 
Testament."! 

After the death of Bentley's nephew, many of his collec- 
tions for his projected edition found their way to the library of 
Trinity College, Cambridge, where they are still preserved. There 
appears to be much more completed towards giving a revised text 
of the Latin Vulgate than of the original Greek. The most 
precious of the collations, that of the Codex Yaticanus, was tran- 
scribed for publication by Woide; and after his death was edited 
by Ford, in 1799. It is the most exact and complete collation of 
that MS. which is accessible to biblical scholars. 

This proposed edition, although never published, is of no small 
importance in the history of the text of the New Testament. For 
the time had arrived when it was possible to use some discrimina- 
tion in the choice and the application of Greek MSS. to purposes 

* " Tandem ipse Clar. Bentlcius, futura forsitan adversa prudenter pi'aosagiens, pro- 
missam Novi Testamenti editionem vivus cdcre recusat, laborem hunc filio unico 
eiqun doctissimo relictui'us" (p. 406). Probably, in this description of Bentley's sow, 
Hofmann confounded liim with his nepheio Thomas Bentley, or with Richard Bent- 
ley, to whom he left his books. 

t Bishop Monk's Life of Bentley, ii. 415. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 67 

of criticism. Bentley saw that the ancient MSS. are the witnesses 
to the ancient text; and after this had been proved from the gene- 
ral accordance of such documents with the ancient versions, and 
the early citations, he was ready to discard from consideration, on 
a question of evidence, the whole mass of the modern copies. 
This limited the field of inquiry, and reduced it within tangible 
and practicable bounds. 

It is on many accounts to be regretted that the edition itself 
never appeared, for it would have given the readings of all the 
ancient MSS. then known, — those of many ancient versions, toge- 
ther with early citations ; and as to the Latin Vulgate, it would 
have presented a body of critical materials, such as have never 
been brought together. The Greek text would probably (or cer- 
tainly) have been that of the Greek MSS. which resemble the 
oldest copies of the Yulgate ; but this, though an ancient text, 
would noth.2iYQ been sufficient to meet the requirements of criti- 
cism. It would have been the text, not of the whole body of 
Christian readers in the third and fourth centuries, but rather that 
only which was current in the West. Bentley formed two hasty 
conclusions : first, that Jerome revised the Latin versions pre- 
viously current by the Greek MSS. of Origen; whereas the work 
of Jerome, having been executed at Rome^ was adapted rather to 
such MSS. as were current there in ancient times; and also Jerome 
himself says that he did not emend all that might have been 
corrected, and in his Commentaries he appeals to MSS. against 
what he had adopted at Kome. The second of Bentley's hasty 
conclusions was that, prior to the time of Jerome, there had not 
existed one known and received Latin version, which having been 
variously altered and revised, produced the confusion which that 
father sought to remedy. 

In spite of these drawbacks, Bentley's edition would have been 
a valuable contribution towards the establishment of a settled text : 
it would at least have shaken the foundations of the traditional 
" textus receptus"; and it might well have formed the basis of 
further labours. 

After Bentley's time, it was long before New Testament critics 
adopted the principle of selecting from amongst the mass of mate- 
rials those which are really valuable, and worthy of adoption: 



68 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

many indeed still shrink from tMs, as though it were an arbitrary 
proceeding, instead of being, as it really is, a principle based upon 
the soundest induction. 

The labours of Bentley in this field have been long compara- 
tively little known or understood in his own country;* and thus 
attention has often been paid to topics of comparatively little 
moment in the liistory of criticism, while those of such import- 
ance have been overlooked. 

With Bentley 's death the period closes, in which the textual 
criticism of the New Testament "peculiarly belonged to scholars in 
this country. The names of Usher, Walton, Fell, Mill, and 
Bentley, are a list of those that had continued such studies 
amongst us for more than a century ; so that the field might well 
be esteemed especially ours. From the time of Bentley 's death 
well nigh a century had passed away, before attempts were again 
made to revive the textual criticism of the New Testament in this 
its former abode. 



§ 7.— BENGEL'S GREEK TESTAMENT. 

While Bentley was delaying the completion and publication of 
his projected edition, there were two others occupied in similar 
pursuits, — Bengel and Wetstein. 

* Micliaelis gave a considerable account of Bentley's labours, which was wholly 
omitted by Bishop Marsh in his translation, who inserted instead the following note, 
for the information of Bentley's countrymen:— "Here follows in the German original 
a long account of Bentley's intended edition of the Greek Testament, and of the 
controversy which was conducted between him and Middleton on that occasion. 
But as the subject itself is of little importance, because Bentley's plan was never 
put into execution ; and as those whose curiosity may lead them to inquire into tho 
history of Bentley's proposals, and the opposition with which they met from Middle- 
ton, may derive better information from the publications of the time, than can be 
expected from the work of a foreigner, I have taken the liberty to omit the whole 
description. Those who wish to see a short account of this intended edition may 
consult Wetstein's Prolegomena, p. 153." — Marsh's Michaelis, ii. 877. 

The translation of tlie Introduction of Michaelis was long the storehouse of mate- 
rials for all who in this country studied subjects of this kind. Tlie omission of all 
that related to Bentley's edition has caused it to be but little known, except to those 
into whose hands the pamphlets of a Imndrcd and thirty years ago have fallen. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 69 

Of these Bengel was the first to publish the edition which he 
had prepared: it appeared at Tubingen in 1734. 

It is always refreshing to see that critical studies, in connection 
with God's word, have been carried on by those who themselves 
knew the real spiritual value of that sacred volume on which they 
were engaged ; and this gives an especial interest to Bengel's 
labours. 

John Albert Bengel was born in Wurtemberg in 1687 : during 
his period of study at Tubingen, 1703-7, the various readings in 
the Greek New Testament interested him much ; for, having 
learned to value the New Testament as being the declaration of 
God's revealed will, he was anxious to be satisfied that he could 
know the precise form and terms in which it has been given forth. 
Could it be true, that God had not guarded his own inspired 
word from material error? One cause of Bengel's difficulty was, 
that prior to the appearance of Mill's edition, there were only 
such partial collections of various readings, as raised in his mind 
the feeling of anxious doubt. At length, however, patient study 
led him to the conclusion that the various readings are less nume- 
rous than might have been expected^ and that they do not shake 
any article of the Evangelic doctrine. Thus Bengel was gra- 
dually led to see the need of a Greek text, based on really sound 
principles of criticism applied to exact and complete collations. 
It is well that, at this time, those in Germany who maintained 
orthodox and Evangelic truth were not opposed to the application 
of criticism to the sacred text.* 

At first Bengel gathered materials wholly for his own use, but 
others encouraged him to go on and complete his work for public 
benefit, t He thus made application in many quarters for collations, 



* In 1702 the celebrated Augustus Herman IVancke, of Halle, had re-edited Bishop 
Fell's Greek Testament of 1675. 

t In Burk's Memoir of Bengel, (Walker's translation, p. 227,) it is stated that 
Whitby and Le Clerc were amongst the number of those " who sent him repeated 
exhortations to proceed." If this be correct as to Whithy^ he could have but little 
understood what Bengel had in hand; for Bengel's labours were as much opposed to 
Whitby's opinions, as were those of Mill ; — nay, they were more opposed; for Bengel 
intended to revise the text itself. Le Clerc would probably have encouraged any one 
to undertake a work which might oppose the projected edition of Bentley, whom he 
dishked much, in consequence of the manner in which that great critic had exposed 
his pretensions in those departments of learning in which he knew less than nothing. 



70 AN ACCOUNT OP THE PRINTED TEXT 

and he met with a response so far as to issue, in 1725, his *' Pro- 
dromus Novi Testamenti Grseci recte cauteque adornandi," in 
which he gave a general notion of the edition which he after- 
wards published. This work itself made its appearance in 1734: 
the Text^ except in the Revelation, never departs from that which 
had previously been given in the same printed edition ; in the 
margin, however, he placed those readings which he accepted as 
genuine, with a mark by which he indicated their value; he also 
gave in the same part of his page other readings, the value of 
which he considered to be sufficiently great for him to draw 
particular attention to them. 

The various readings and critical remarks upon them were 
separately given in the Apparatus Criticus at the end of the volume. 
He did not profess to give all the readings of the collated MSS., 
but only those which he judged to be of some importance ; 
but one part of his plan, which was long neglected by more 
recent editors, was of great value ; he gave the evidence for as 
well as AGAINST each reading^ clearly stated. The great principle of 
distinction between various readings was expressed by Bengel 
according to his own judgment, in four words, Proclivi scrlptioni 
prcBstat ardua^ — a principle then little understood, and which has 
been practically opposed by many who have discussed such sub- 
jects in later times. But surely in cases of equal evidence, the 
more difficult reading, — the reading which a copyist would not 
be likely to introduce, — stands on a higher ground, as to 
evidence, than one which presents something altogether easy. In 
the adoption of this rule, Bengel carried out an idea which is 
often to be found in Mill's Prolegomena : he likewise agreed with 
Mill in attaching a high value to the Latin versions as witnesses of 
the true text. 

It is to be regretted that Bengel was not better furnished with 
accurate collations of ancient Greek MSS; for with his critical 
principles they would have led him much further than he ever 
went towards forming a text resting simply on authority. He 
must himself have desired such aids; for it was the hope of re- 
ceiving them that delayed him some years from publishing. In 
1726, Bengel wrote thus with regard to his Greek Testament. 
" It is already in such forwardness, that if other circumstances shall 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 71 

permit, I may soon send it to the press. What principally holds 
me back is the delay of Bentley's promised edition of the Greek 
Testament, a specimen of which was given many months since in 
the English * Library.' Bentley possesses invaluable advantages ; 
but he has prepossessions of his own, which may prove very 
detrimental to the received Text. All danger, however, of this 
kind, I hope I have the means of obviating."* Thus there was 
some delay in waiting for Bentley's announced edition ; and when 
this was hopeless, the publication of the first edition of Wetstein's 
Prolegomena in 1730 led Bengel to see the necessity of re- 
examining both authorities and principles, before he put his 
edition to press. Thus the delay from 1725 to 1734 may be 
well accounted for. 

Bengel clearly observed the difference existing in MSS. and 
versions, so that he saw that in a general manner they belonged 
to two different families. The one embraces the most ancient 
documents whether MSS. or versions, the other comprises the 
greater part of those that are more recent. It was thus that the 
ground plan of a division into Alexandrian and Byzantine families 
was laid down: these were termed by him, African and Asiatic.f 

This critic, like his predecessors, had to pass through misrepre- 
sentation on account of his work : his own orthodoxy and god- 
liness were unquestionable; but the Greek Testament, with the 
text revised in some measure, and with further corrections in the 
margin, was considered dangerous. One of his opposers, Kohlreif, 
"pubhcly challenged him to a most uncritical measure; namely, 
to hush the enemies of criticism by admitting that even the 
various lections were given by inspiration, in order to meet the 
necessities of various readers "If 

Wetstein was the most able of Bengel's opponents; he imme- 
diately reviewed the new edition with much severity; he endea- 
voured to disparage the critical principles on which Bengel formed 
his choice of readings, by plainly asserting that we ought to adopt 



* Letter to MartMus of Presburg. Walker's translation of Burk's Memoir of 
Bengel, p. 437. 

t The former of these would in most respects coincide with those MSS. which 
Bentley most highly valued, to the rejection of others in general. 

t Walker's translation of Burk's Memoir, p. 245. 



72 AN ACCOUNT OP THE PRINTED TEXT 

those wliich are supported by tKe greatest number of MSS. Tbe 
attacks on Bengel continued till his death in 1752: one of the 
latest proceeded from Wetstein, who inserted new remarks on the 
subject in the Prolegomena which accompanied the first volume 
of his Greek Testament in 1751. This, however, Bengel never 
saw. 

It was well that some valued the labours of this critic : amongst 
others was Count Zinzendorf, who used Bengel's text as the 
basis of the German translation of the New Testament that he exe- 
cuted. The pains taken by Bengel to regulate the punctuation of 
the New Testament, and to divide it into paragraphs, were appre- 
ciated by some ; and in these respects he was followed by John 
Gambold in the edition of Mill's text, which appeared at Oxford in 
1742 ; and these divisions have been very frequently adopted in this 
country, as for instance, in the Greek Testament, edited by Bishop 
Lloyd, in 1828, at Oxford, and frequently reprinted. In 1745, the 
king of Denmark caused the authorised Danish version to be revised; 
and the text of Bengel was used as the standard for that purpose. 

Bengel felt that the attacks to which he was exposed were not 
made so much against himself personally, as against the genuine 
text of the New Testament; he thus bore the violent language 
with which he was assailed, with much equanimity, while he 
replied firmly and temperately to those who attacked him. 

In one of his repHes (in 1747) he said, *' Oh that this may 
be the last occasion of my standing in the gap to vindicate the 
precious original text of the New Testament ! The children of 
peace cannot love contention ; it is wearying and painful to them 
to be obliged to contend even for the truth itself." 

Bengel's text was repeatedly reprinted ; and he continued up to 
the time of his death to augment and correct his Apparatus Criti- 
cus; the enlarged edition of which was published in 1763, under 
the care of Philip David Burk.* 

It is cheering to the mind of every Christian to observe the 

* This is not the place to speak of Bengel's other works; it should, however, be 
borne in mind, that the revision of the sacred text was only one part of the labour 
of this critic. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 73 

spirit in wliicli Bengel acts and speaks in connection witK his cri- 
tical labours. The revision of the text of the word of God was 
with him no mere affair of learning or literary skill; but, knowing 
the preciousness of that volume on which he was engaged, he 
felt that he had to act in the consciousness of solemn responsibility 
before God in editing His word : — and he knew that God could 
give the needed intelligence and diligence, and thus he looked 
to Him that the work on which he was engaged might be to the 
glory of Christ. 



§ 8.— WETSTEIN'S GREEK TESTAMENT. 

The Greek Testament edited by Wetstein, in 1751-2, greatly 
enlarged the boundaries of the critical horizon by the accession of 
new materials, from which more accurate judgments might be 
formed on many points. 

He commenced his critical studies when quite young. He was 
related to the senior partner in the firm of Wetstein and Smith, 
publishers and printers at Amsterdam; who, in the year 1711, 
had brought out an edition of the Greek Testament, in which a 
selection of the various readings given by Mill and Kuster were 
repeated, and at the end an attempt was made to repudiate the 
greater part of them as not worthy of notice, by means of the 
application of certain canons of Gerard von Maestricht, the editor. 
Wetstein's relation to this publisher was intimately connected with 
his becoming the editor of a Greek Testament. 

In 1713, Wetstein, then just twenty, defended a dissertation at 
Basle, which he had written on the various readings of the Greek 
Testament. His relative, J. L. Frey, who presided on the occa- 
sion, encouraged him after this to examine MSS. in different 
libraries with more accuracy than had been previously done. 
And thus, after a while, he went to Paris, and made extracts 



74 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

from MSS. in the library there; he then came to England in the 
beginning of 1716, where he showed his collations to Bentley, 
who for a while employed him to compare MSS. at Paris, and to 
whom he sold his collations. 

In 1719, Wetstein was requested by his relatives, the publishers 
at Amsterdam, who had heard before this of Bentley 's proposed 
edition, to transmit to them without delay ^ for publication, the va- 
rious readings which he had collected : it was, however, at length 
agreed between the relatives that they should be reserved for a 
second edition of the Greek Testament of Gerard von Maestricht, 
which they had published in 1711. 

About 1724, Frey requested Wetstein to make a selection of 
those various readings which he judged the more important; he 
accordingly wrote such readings as he judged preferable to the 
common text in the margin of a Greek Testament. Frey pressed 
on him to undertake the publication of the text so revised. This 
appears to be the first time that it occurred to Wetstein to do 
more than edit the various readings which he had collected. He 
hesitated for some time; but in 1728, his brother Peter Wetstein 
being at Amsterdam, the subject was mentioned to the publishers 
there, and they pressed for a specimen of the edition, with Prole- 
gomena. It was desired (Hug says) to anticipate the forthcoming 
edition of Bengel. With this request Wetstein complied; and at 
once he obtained from Frey copies of the fathers, out of which he 
gathered various readings ; then he examined the early editions, 
and began to bring the mass of various readings which he had 
himself collected into some order. 

In the beginning of 1729, Wetstein says that Frey's whole con- 
duct towards him was altered ; and from that time he did nothing 
but oppose both him and the work on which he was engaged. 
On the 17 th of September in that year, a petition was presented 
to the town-council of Basle, from the theological faculty in the 
university, and the parochial clergy, that J. J. Wetstein, deacon 
of St. Leonard's, be prohibited from publishing his criticisms on 
the Greek Testament, as it was a useless, needless, and dangerous 
work. The town-council did not grant the petition ; but the 
opposition of Frey and others continued unabated. The real 
reason of this alarm, though it can hardly be gathered from Wet- 



II 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 75 

stein's ex parte statement, was tlie certainty that this critic had 
adopted Avian sentiments, and that he was endeavouring covertly 
to introduce them in his public preaching and academical lectures. 
On these accounts disciplinary proceedings commenced against 
him, which led to his leaving Basle, and taking up his abode at 
Amsterdam, in 1733. He says, however, that the opposition of 
the Basle theologians prevented the publication of his Greek Tes- 
tament for nearly twenty years more. 

In 1730, the Prolegomena which he had transmitted from Basle 
were published anonymously at Amsterdam : they gave an outline 
of his proposed edition, and an account of the critical authorities 
which he had consulted. On many grounds, it is to be regretted 
that Wetstein did not then publish his edition ; because the criti- 
cal principles which he afterwards adopted rendered him less able 
to form a fair judgment of the value of the oldest authorities. 

He was, however, constantly accumulating more materials ; so 
that, in each year, the work grew and extended under his hands. 
In 1735, he wrote the Preface to a new edition of Gerard von 
Maestricht's Greek Testament, which was published by Wetstein 
and Smith : in this he referred to the edition of Bengel ; and, 
indeed, the labours of that critic had no small effect on Wetstein ; 
for opposition to him led him to repudiate many of the critical 
principles which he had previously held. 

Originally Wetstein had thought of using the text of the Codex 
Alexandrinus as his basis, all other authorities being compared 
with it: he afterwards judged that it would be best to give a text, 
such as was supported by what was (in his opinion) the best evi- 
dence; but at length he determined to retain the common text, 
and to place immediately below it, in a distinct manner, the read- 
ings which he thought to be true.* But, in fact, the changes 
which he thus proposed were not many, and not very important. 
Twenty years before, he would have applied critical authorities 
much more steadily and uniformly. In 1763, Bowyer published 

* This plan of not changing the text itself, was adopted, it is said (Marsh's Michae- 
lis, ii. 475), at the request of the E,emonstrants (Arminians), whom Wetstein had 
joined on quitting Basle. He succeeded Le Clerc as rector of the Eemonstrants' 
High School at Amsterdam. Le Clerc's latitudinarian sentiments on Scripture inspi- 
ration, on the G-odhead of Christ, and other subjects, are well known. In all these 
points, Wetstein seems to have been his disciple. 



76 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

an edition of the Greek Testament in London, in which Wet- 
stein's suggested i-eadings were adopted in the text itself; and a 
list of these (with the exception of those in the Kevelation, where 
they are numerous) is given at the end, the number of them being 
three hundred and thirty-five only: of these not a few relate to 
very minute points. 

After such long preparations, and so many hindrances, Wet- 
stein's edition appeared at Amsterdam in two volumes folio; the 
former in 1751, the latter in the following year. The upper part 
of each page contains the text itself; below this stand those varia- 
tions from it (if any) approved of by Wetstein ; then the various 
readings are placed; and as he had examined so many documents 
which no one had previously collated, the part of the page which 
these fill is often considerable. The lower part of the page is 
occupied with a mass of passages from classical authors (both 
Greek and Latin), Talmudical and Rabbinical extracts, etc., which 
in Wetstein's opinion illustrate some passage in the sacred text, or 
elucidate the use of some word, or present instances of a similar 
grammatical construction. The greatest variety is found in this 
collection; while some parts are useful, others are such as only 
excite surprise at their being found on the same page as the text 
of the New Testament. Occasional remarks show that Wetstein 
was not at all concerned to conceal his non-acceptance of the doc- 
trine of the proper Godhead of Christ. 

In the arrangement of the books, the Acts is placed after St. 
Paul's Epistles ; this is done that it may accompany the Catholic 
Epistles, with which it is found in many MSS. 

Ample Prolegomena precede the first volume ; in these, various 
subjects are discussed which relate to the work in general ; and 
the MSS., etc., are described which are cited as critical authorities 
in the four Gospels. Brief Prolegomena introduce the other three 
parts of the work, — the PauHne Epistles, — the Acts and Catholic 
Epistles, — and the Apocalypse. 

The notation of MSS. is that which is still in common use : 
the ancient MSS. (those in uncial letters) are distinguished by 
Roman capitals, A, B, C, etc.; the other MSS. by Arabic nume- 
rals. The notation recommences in each of the four parts; and 
this is an inconvenience in two ways ; for the same mark may 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 77 

mean a valuable MS. in one part, and one of small importance in 
another; and also tlie same MS. is cited with one reference in one 
part, and with another reference in another : much confusion has 
arisen from both these causes, especially from the latter. 

Bishop Marsh says of Wetstein, what that critic had said of 
Mill, that he accomplished more than all his predecessors put 
together. If this character be too high, it is but little more than 
the truth; and this must be borne in mind in considering the 
edition; because otherwise it might seem as if a work, which has 
been so often and so severely scrutinised, could hardly possess that 
importance in sacred criticism which is admitted to belong to this. 

Never before had there been so methodical an account presented 
to the biblical student, of the MSS. versions and fathers, by 
whose aid the text of the New Testament may be revised, as that 
which is contained in the Prolegomena. The description of the 
early editions has also a far more scholar-like completeness than 
any which had preceded it. 

Wetstein's own labours had been considerable in the collation 
of MSS. ; they have indeed been often overstated by those who 
took every MS. in his list as an authority which he had himself 
examined : the actual number of the MSS. of the Gospels which 
he had AzwzseZf collated in the course of thirty-five years was about 
twenty, and about an equal number in the other parts of the New 
Testament. Besides this, he had, with great industry, collected 
the collations of Mill and others, and had re-examined not a few 
of the versions and fathers. And thus his notes present the 
general storehouse of critical collations and examinations up to 
the time of the publication of his edition. 

To say that this part of his work might not have been much 
improved, would be to exhibit a want of apprehension on the 
whole subject; but none who understands the difficulties con- 
nected with such a work, can do other than render a tribute to 
Wetstein's patient industry. 

The Prolegomena contain, however, besides what is valuable, 
some strange theories. It had been long noticed that some of the 
Greek MSS. which have a Latin version written with them, pre- 
sent a remarkable resemblance to the readings of the Latin Testa- 
ment. Hence arose a suspicion that in such MSS. the Greek 



78 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

text liad been adapted to the Latin, and tlius the name Codices 
Latiiiizantes arose. Also a suspicion had been thrown out by 
Erasmus that, at the council of Florence in 1439, it had been 
agreed that the Greeks who then united with the church of Kome, 
should alter or correct their copies to suit the Vulgate ; the term 
Foedus cum Grcccis was applied to this supposed compact ; and if 
any MSS. much resembled the Latin in their readings, it was 
thought that this supposed compact might explain it : to this it 
would have been a sufficient answer that the MSS. charged with 
Latinising are ancient; whereas Erasmus only applied the notion 
to any which might have been posterior to the Florentine council. 
Wetstein, however, carried his charge of Latinising much farther 
than had been done by others ; for he applied it to every one of 
the more ancient MSS. 

Bentley had valued highly the MSS. which may agree with 
the old copies of the version of Jerome ; and on such he had 
especially employed Wetstein's labours ; indeed the collation 
which he made of the Codex Ephraemi at Paris, was not only the 
work of the greatest toil and patience of any part of his edition, 
but it was also about the most important. After the cessation of 
Bentley 's intimacy with Wetstein, the latter, who seems to have 
expected a continuance of employment, looked upon MSS. of that 
class with a less favourable eye than before. But it was not until 
the publication of Bengel's Greek Testament, when public atten- 
tion was particularly called to the high value which he set on the 
Latin versions and the oldest Greek MSS., that Wetstein, who 
involved himself in critical controversies with him, formed a less 
and less favourable opinion of the oldest MSS. ; every thing 
which agreed with the Latin was now affirmed to be interpola- 
tion from that version. This, if true, would affect not only these 
MSS., but also the greater part of the ancient versions as well. 
It might well be asked, how or when did Latin versions come 
into existence? and how could Latin streams thus universally 
affect Greek sources ? And again, how could early (jicok fathers 
have followed the readings adopted from the Latin in subsequent 
times ? 

To see the effect of a theory, it is only needful to compare the 
first edition of Wetstein's Prolegomena, with that which actually 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 79 

accompanied his Greek Testament twenty-one years later : in the 
one he speaks of these ancient documents in a very different tone 
from that which he afterwards adopted. It is almost incredible 
that the same person who formed such a harsh estimate of the 
Codex Alexandrinus in the enlarged Prolegomena, could ever 
have thought of using it as the basis of his text. This low value 
for the most ancient MSS. seems to have hindered Wetstein from 
taking any particular pains to obtain the use of the collation of 
the Codex Yaticanus which had been made for Bentley. 

Wetstein seems almost to wonder at the result of his own 
theory ; when he expresses his lamentation that all the most 
ancient monuments should be interpolated from the Latin, and 
that we have to descend several centuries from the date of the 
oldest copies before we find any which, on his principles, could 
be used for establishing a pure text. He observed certain phe- 
nomena very accurately; but he accounted for them with as little 
accuracy as the inventors of some of the old systems of astronomy 
explained the motions of the heavenly bodies. 

Many parts of Wetstein's Prolegomena are encumbered with 
his attacks on others, and by the details of his contentions with 
Frey and Iselin. These portions are so mixed up by him with 
the details of the history of his edition, that they cannot be passed 
by without notice ; although, even by Wetstein's own showing, 
they leave an unpleasant impression as regards himself No one 
who values Holy Scripture, and who desires rightly to appreciate 
sound learning applied to the revision of its text, can do other 
than desire not to find the New Testament accompanied by re- 
marks in such a tone as many of those of Wetstein.* 

Certain Animadversiones et Cautiones on the subject of the 
text of the New Testament, and the examination of various read- 
ings, were subjoined to Wetstein's second volume. He laid 
down, that the New Testament should be edited as correctly 
as possible ; that all critical aids should be employed to that 
end ; that the prescription of the common text should have 
no authority whatever; that editors must form their own judg- 

* " Doctrinam ei concede, et literas, et diligentiam, et multiplicem lectionem: sed 
mansuetudinem, humanitatem, candorem in Prolegomenis ejus desidero." Woide, 
quoted approvingly by Bp. Marsh. Trans, of Michaelis, ii. 873. 



80 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

ment as to accents, breathings, punctuation, and orthography ; 
that conjectural emendations are never to be hastily admitted or 
rejected; that the distinction of readings into those more and 
those less weighty is useless ; between two readings, the one 
which is better sounding, or more clear, or better Greek, is not 
to be at once chosen, but more often the contrary ; a reading 
which exhibits an unusual expression, but which is in other 
respects suitable to the matter in hand, is preferable to another, 
which, although equally suitable, has expressions such as are not 
peculiar; of two readings the fuller and more ample is not at once 
to be accepted, but rather the contrary ; if of two readings one is 
found in the same words elsewhere, and the other is not, the former 
is by no means to be preferred to the latter ; a reading altogether 
conformable to the style of each writer, ceteris paribus^ is to be 
preferred ; of two various readings, that which seems the more 
orthodox is not to be forthwith preferred ; of two various read- 
ings in Greek copies, that which accords with the ancient versions 
is not easily to be looked on as the worse ; patristic testimonies 
have very great weight in proving the true reading in the New 
Testament ; the silence of the fathers as to readings of importance 
in the controversies of their own times makes such readings 
suspected ; great care must be taken in not adopting the errata 
of collectors of various readings or of printers ; the reading which 
is proved to be the more ancient, ccsteris paribus, must be pre- 
ferred; the reading of the majority of MSS., ceteris paribus, must 
be preferred; there is no reason why we should not receive a 
reading into the text, not only if it is suitably attested, but even 
when it is doubtful which reading is preferable. 

Wetstein illustrates his axioms by pretty copious remarks and 
examples : it is evident that he did not consider that any classifi- 
cation of authorities could form a part of his system, and that 
thus they were all before him as one labyrinth, through which 
there was no definite guiding clue. Many of these axioms are 
such as all critics must approve, and some pretty nearly accord 
with Bengel's rule, Proclivi scriptioni prcBstat ardua; while others, 
such as that which sanctions the introduction of conjecture in the 
text, and that which attributes so great a value to numbers, are of 
a different kind. Had Wetstein applied his own rules to the 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 81 

recension of the text, he would have done much more than he 
actually performed in that department. But, while he stigma- 
tised the oldest Greek MSS. because of their often agreeing with 
the Latin versions, and supposed that this accordance was the 
result of interpolation, he was hardly consistent in maintaining 
that the agreement of MSS. and versions was an important testi- 
mony to the true reading ; and so, too, it was not easy to uphold 
the authority of the most ancient readings, when the evidence of 
the most ancient MSS. had been thus set aside. Some of Wet- 
stein's remarks on the citations found in the writings of the fathers, 
as edited, are excellent : he was fully aware how habitually these 
quotations have been modernised by copyists and editors : so that 
he fully agreed with Bentley, that these citations must be exa- 
mined first, and then a judgment formed as to what the cited 
reading actually was. *' The consent of the editions of the 
fathers with the common text of the New Testament is often 
deservedly suspected; and, as often as some ancient MS. accords 
with the reading of a father, diflfering from the common editions, 
and from himself as edited, this is to be taken for the genuine 
reading of that father (and, so far, for that of the sacred writer), 
and is to be preferred to that commonly edited." 

"Wetstein's Prolegomena were reprinted by Semler in 1764, who 
added his own notes and remarks : he also edited the supplemen- 
tary observations of Wetstein with large additions in 1766. The 
theories of Wetstein on the subject of what were called Latinising 
MSS., as well as on other points, found in Semler a critic well 
able to discuss them, and often to show their fallacy. It was, 
however, long before some of these theories lost their hold on the 
minds of biblical students. The edition of Wetstein received far 
more attention than did the critical principles which he laid down, 
which might have modified much of what preceded. 

The notes of Semler brought forward much that was of import- 
ance — much that has been almost essential to the biblical student. 

A new edition of Wetstein's Greek Testament was undertaken, 
about a quarter of a century ago, by J. A. Lotze of Amsterdam : 
the first part, containing the Prolegomena castigated^ and the 



82 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

supplementary remarks on critical principles, was published at 
Kotterdam in 1831. Lotze retained the greater part of the notes 
of Semler, to which he added others of his own. 

Those parts of Wetstein's Prolegomena which relate to his own 
contentions with Frey and Iselin, or which speak severely of Ben- 
gel and his critical labours, were wholly omitted by Lotze. On 
some accounts none would regret their absence, but for one reason 
they are almost necessary; because it is only in these parts that 
the history of Wetstein's own edition can be found. This may be 
taken as a sample of the judgment exercised by Lotze in the pre- 
paration for this edition : no other portion appeared, as the decease 
of the new editor hindered the text from being reprinted ; and, 
however much it may be desired that students should have access 
to Wetstein's edition at a more moderate cost, it is no cause for 
regret, from the specimen afforded by the Prolegomena, that it 
was not re-edited by Lotze. The misprints, false references from 
one part to another, oversights and errors in judgment manifest in 
the reprinted Prolegomena, fully justify this opinion.* 

Succeeding editors have selected from Wetstein : Griesbach did 
this avowedly, adding also other readings; and Scholz, following 
Griesbach, used what he had extracted as the basis of his own 
additions ; but the critical materials found in Wetstein, have 
never, as a whole, been reprinted. 

* Semler's editorial care in republishing Wetstein's Prolegomena is not to be com- 
mended. He added good notes, but all the rest seems to have been left to his printer; 
hence remarkable mistakes have required correction in the preface, in which, however, 
Semler speaks as if he had revised the proof-sheets himself. This is scarcely possible. 
Some of the errata noticed by Wetstein are not con'ected ; nor are they in Lotze's 
edition, who even uses one of them as the basis of an annotation. The fact stands 
thus : — Wetstein, in his account of different editions, mentions that published by his 
relatives at Amsterdam in 1711, and speaks of what was done in connection with it 
" a D. Georgia a Mastricht Syndico Bremensi" (Prol. p. 177) ; among the errata (p. 967) 
the word " Georgio " is corrected to "G-erardo" (as it might be from the following 
page) ; but Lotze retains " Georgio," and gives a note on Gei*ard von Maestricht's 
edition, as if it had been wholly neglected by Wetstein ; and yet the very next page 
of Wetstein might have set Lotze right. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 83 



§ 9.— THE EDITIONS OF GRIESBACH, AND 
CONTEMPORARY LABOURS. 

"Wetstein left New Testament criticism with, a vast mass of 
materials accumulated ; with many MSS. and versions examined 
partially; and with a kind of idea of indefinite vastness thrown 
over the whole subject. The hints on the classification of MSS., 
which had been given by Bentley and Bengel, were no longer 
heeded ; and in many minds there was a kind of fear lest any 
material variation from the common text would prove eventually 
to rest upon fallacious grounds. Wetstein had so widened the 
field for study, that it was some time before the authorities and 
various readings which he had amassed were eo understood and 
appreciated, that an independent judgment could be formed. 

And besides, there were certain received opinions amongst the 
critics which were now rudely overturned : the high value which, 
from the time of Usher and Walton to that of Bentley and 
Bengel, had been ascribed to the Alexandrian and other most 
ancient MSS. was denied ; and they were peremptorily con- 
demned as " Latinising." 

It was, therefore, of importance that the true character of the 
most ancient MSS. should be shown, — ^that authorities should (if 
possible) be arranged in an intelligible order, and that they should 
be steadily, consistently, and critically used in the emendation of 
the text. 

The scholar who undertook this task was Griesbach. "With 
him, in fact, texts which might be called really critical begin ; so 
that if any one wishes to give the results of critical inquiries as 
applied to the common text, he would begin with that formed by 
Griesbach. The first edition published by that scholar was one 
commenced in 1774, in which the Gospels were brought into a 
kind of synopsis : this part of the work was reprinted in the 
common order three years later, and that volume, with the pre- 
viously printed Epistles, &c. (1775), forms what is called Gries- 
bach's^rs^ edition. For this the critical materials were in great 
part selected from those of Wetstein ; they were not, however, 



84 AN ACCOUNT OF THP: PKINTED TEXT 

confined to wliat had been found in that edition ; for Griesbach 
during liis travels had examined many MSS. and collated a few. 
He had also made extensive use of the old Latin Texts published 
by Blanchini and by Sabatier, and he had collected the citations 
found in the writings of Origen with much care. 

He differed entirely from the judgment of Wetstein against 
the most ancient Greek MSS. ; and on this subject accorded in 
opinion with Bentley, Bengel, and Semler : he also approved of 
the judgment of Bengel as to a twofold division of the Greek 
MSS. into families, — one African and one Byzantine ; but, like 
Semler, he divided the former into two parts ; so as in fact to 
maintain that there are three classes of text — two ancient, and one 
more recent. These three classes would respectively correspond 
to the three sources from which Bentley speaks of MSS. having 
come to us — from Egypt, from the West, and from Asia. The 
names assigned by Griesbach to the three classes of text which he 
sought thus to establish, were Western, Alexandrian, and Con- 
stantinopolitan. The first of these contained (he considered) the 
text which in the early periods had been in circulation, and which, 
through the errors of copyists, required much correction ; the 
Alexandrian was, in his opinion, an attempt to revise the old 
corrupt text, and the Constantinopolitan flowed (in his opinion) 
from the other two. Thus, although the second only was an 
actual revision, the term recension was applied to each of the three, 
and under that name they are commonly discussed. The origin of 
the Western and Alexandrian recensions was differently explained, 
— only, on this theory, both existed as distinct in the latter part 
of the second century. 

The critical authorities were ranged by Griesbach under his 
three recensions ; and each was valued, not so much for its absolute 
evidence as for contributing its testimony as to what the reading 
is of the recension to which it belongs. Thus, in forming his text 
he placed more reliance upon union of recensions in attesting a 
reading, than upon other external evidences. 

In liis first edition of the New Testament, many readings were 
given in the margin with marks to indicate the recension^ or the 
mixture of recensions to which he considered them to belong. 
Although his later critical edition is more complete, and in all 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 85 

respects more valuable, yet if liis system of recensions in its appli- 
cation is the subject of examination, tbis first edition is necessary. 
Griesbach sbowed great apprehension of the value of absolute 
evidence to tlie antiquity of readings ; and thus he was able to 
form a judgment of the character of MSS. which had previously 
been condemned (as by Wetstein), or had attracted but little 
notice. In the form in which the Lord's Prayer occurs in Luke 
xi., Griesbach, in his first edition, followed the evidence of the 
distinct statements of Origen, confirmed by some of the ancient 
versions, although he could then show no ancient MS. as authority 
for some of the omissions. His judgment was remarkably con- 
firmed a few years afterwards, when the readings of the most 
ancient of our MSS., the Codex Vaticanus, were published ; for 
it was found that all these omissions are confirmed by that docu- 
ment. This is an illustration of the independent channels through 
which the antiquity (and often the genuineness) of a reading, may 
become a matter of demonstration. Had not Griesbach been fet- 
tered by his recension-theory, he would in all his editions have 
adhered far more closely than he did to ancient evidence. As it 
is, in all his editions there is a correction of the text in many 
places ; suggested corrections in others, placed in the margin, or 
noted (in the case of omissions) in the text itself He did not put 
forth an edition resting simply on authority. 

Soon after the appearance of Griesbach's first edition, other 
collations were instituted. C. F. Matth^i published at Riga, 
in twelve volumes, 1782-88, the New Testament in Greek and 
Latin. The Greek was based on ]\ISS. which he had himself 
collated at Moscow, where he was a Professor for some years. 
Having access to MSS. which had not been previously collated, he 
was induced to take up a work for which he had no peculiar 
fitness on the ground of previous studies. The toge and manner 
in which he expresses himself are very unpleasant, especially 
towards Griesbach ; and the want of acquaintance with the labours 
of previous collators, wHch he manifests, often leads him into 
great mistakes. In his earher volumes he speaks of Wetstein's 
edition very contemptuously ; but after he had seen the book 
itself, and found that the opinions (or prejudices) of that editor 



86 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

led him to estimate very lightly tlie most ancient MSS. whicli 
Griesbacli most highly valued, he changed his tone, and upheld 
Wetstein to depreciate Griesbach. Matthsei appears to have col- 
lated the Moscow MSS. with much diligence, so that the reader 
is rarely in doubt as to the evidence of a MS. for or against any 
particular lection. The Latin Vulgate is given in this edition 
from a MS. (the Codex Demidovianus) with which Matthaei met 
in Eussia. 

All ideas of systems of recension or classification were wholly 
rejected by Matthaei ; and he never loses an opportunity of pour- 
ing ridicule on Griesbach and his critical principles. In doing 
this he applies the most offensive epithets to all the most ancient 
MSS., and he endeavours to decry the citations given in the 
writings of the fathers, as if they were worth nothing. He even 
imagined that MSS. had been habitually corrupted by having 
their text altered and adapted to what was found in certain fathers. 
All MSS. which did not fall in a general way into a kind of 
accordance with those in common use in later times, were utterly 
condemned by Matthsei. All of those from which he edited 
his Greek Testament belonged to Griesbach's Constantinopolitan 
family. 

Matthaei published a second edition, without the critical autho- 
rities, in three volumes, 1803-7. 

It is painful and wearisome to see so much learning and patience 
as Matthaei had, combined with so offensive a mode of speaking of 
those to whom he was opposed. This will always make his dis- 
cursive notes unpleasant to the student ; and this long hindered 
scholars in general from paying much attention to his arguments 
against Griesbach's system of recensions. It should be observed 
tliat the tone and manner in which Griesbach speaks of Matthaei is 
always courteous, and devoid of a spirit of retaliation. 

In 1786-7, Alter published the text of a MS. in the imperial 
library at Vienna : this was accompanied with the collations of 
other MSS. in the same depository. 

The Danish Professors Birch, Adler, and Moldenhauer, 
for several years, were occupied in collating MSS. principally in 



OF THE GKEEK NEW TESTAMENT. 87 

Italy and Spain, at the expense of the King of Denmark. The 
results of their labours appeared, as far as the four Gospels are 
concerned, in 1788, under the editorial care of Birch. The read- 
ings of the Codex Yaticanus were now for the first time published ; 
in part irom Birch's collation, and in the Gospels of Luke and 
John from that made for Bentley.* A fire in the royal printing- 
house at Copenhagen having prevented the completion of this 
edition, Birch published the various readings collected from the 
Acts and Epistles in 1798; those for the Apocalypse in 1800; 
and in 1801, those which had accompanied the text of the edition 
of the Gospels were reprinted separately in the same form as the 
rest. 

Thus, in the course of a few years, there was a new body of 
critical materials published, which was far larger than that which 
had been collected by "Wetstein from his own labours and those 
of his predecessors ; and, besides this, many of the newly-exa- 
mined documents were collated with more accuracy than had 
hitherto been customary. 

And besides the new collations of MSS., the text of some few 
of the more important documents was printed : Hearne had thus 
edited the Greek and Latin Codex Laudianus (E) of the Acts in 
1715 ; and, in the period now under consideration, Woide edited 
the New Testament part of the Codex Alexandrinus (A) in 1786, 
and the Codex Bezae (D) of the Gospels and Acts was similarly 
published by Kipling in 1793 ; also the Greek and Latin Codex 
Boernerianus (G) of St. Paul's Epistles was edited by Matthaei in 
1791.t Montfaucon, in his Bibliotheca Coisliniana, had given 
the text of the fi-agments of an ancient MS. of St. Paul's Epistles 
(H) and to the list of edited fragments had since been added two 
Wolfenbiittel palimpsests (P and Q), containing parts of the 
Gospels, published by Knittel in 1763, and the very ancient Greek 
and Thebaic Borgian fragments (T) of part of St. John's Gospel 
which appeared at Rome in 1789. 

And thus it was that in the twenty years which elapsed between 
the first edition of Griesbach and the first volume of his second, 

* The whole of Bentley's collation of this MS. was published at Oxford in 1799. 
t This is sometimes said to have been reprinted in 1818 ; but there was only one 
impression : a new title-page was prefixed to the unsold copies with this false date. 



88 



AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 



the materials liad increased to double the quantity previously 
known.* From these accumulations it was the place of a wise 
critic judiciously to select what was worthy of especial consider- 
ation. 

The first volume of Griesbach's second edition appeared in 
1796. The preface is valuable, as giving not only his own prin- 
ciples of criticism, but also an account of much which bears on 
the history of the text. The general plan of this edition resem- 
bles that of the first, amplified, corrected, and improved; various 
degrees o^ probability as to various readings are indicated as before; 
but no attempt is made to enter minutely into the refinements of 
theory as to the additions and peculiarities of the recensions. 

One of Griesbach's principles was, that if a reading were sup- 
ported by two out of the three recensions, the evidence in its 
favour was exceedingly great. This might be almost the same as 
saying, if the most ancient MSS. agree (for these MSS. make up 
his Alexandrian and Western recensions), their evidence is pre- 
ponderating; if they disagree, then if the later MSS. (Constanti- 
nopolitan) agree with one of these classes, their combination must 
prevail. This, however, would not always hold good, even on 
Griesbach's principles; for he considered that no document con- 
tained one recension pure and unmixed ; and thus those of the most 
ancient classes, when their readings are in accordance with the more 
recent, may often in such places possess no independent testimony. 

The following is a brief synopsis of some of the general princi- 
ples of criticism laid down by Griesbach: — No reading must be 
considered preferable, unless it has the support of at least some 
ancient testimonies.f As to readings, looked at in themselves, a 
shorter is to be preferred before one that is more verbose ;t so also 
is that which is more difficult and obscure, — that which is more 



* Birch probably did more than any other scholar in the collation of MSS. of the 
Greek Testament. 

t " Opus uon erit, ut sacpe socpius repetamus, lectiones, quas in ee spectatas potiores 
esse judicamus, turn dcmum csetcris esse pracferendas, si nonnulloi'um saltim testium 
vetustorum suffragiis commendentur." (Proleg., p. Ixi., note.) 

X It can hardly be too habitually remembered, in criticism, that copyists were 
always more accustomed to add than to omit. Those who know notlung of criticism 
or of ancient books, biblical or classical, often imagine the contrary ; but such is not 
the fact. Of course careless transcribers may omit ; but, in general, texts, like enow- 
balls, grow iu course of transmission. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 89 

harsh, — that which contains something unusual, — that which is 
less emphatic (unless emphasis may be expected) ; in all these 
cases, however, and others which are laid down, such as those 
favouring " monkish piety," seeming glosses, etc., weight of evi- 
dence may cause the apparently less preferable reading to be 
accepted as genuine. 

Griesbach gives many remarks on the weight of evidence to be 
attributed to different testimonies; and, as might be expected, he 
treats at considerable length on the value of his different recen- 
sions, and the manner in which their evidence should be estimated. 
These considerations are such as would necessarily modify consi- 
derably the critical principles of general application which he had 
before laid down, and they therefore would affect the text which 
he formed. Some of these considerations, however, apart from all 
theories of recensions, are useful in forming an estimate of any 
individual document ; for if it has peculiarities, such as a tendency 
to omit, or to insert, or to bring parallel passages into close verbal 
agreement, or anything else of the kind, then, in such cases ^ its 
evidence is of far less weight than it would have had, if it had 
not been characterised by such peculiarities. 

In the places in which Griesbach differs from the common text, 
he generally gives a reading which is better attested, though in 
many cases not the best supported. That he improved the text is 
unquestionable ; that he led the way for the same thing to be done 
by others is equally certain ; and yet his own theoretical system had 
very little to do with the benefit which resulted from his labours. 

The concluding volume of Griesbach's second critical edition 
was published in 1806, after having been for several years in the 
press. In the preceding year he published a manual edition^ con- 
taining the text and the more important various readings, but 
without any statement of the authorities.* This edition contains, 

* Griesbach's manual edition lias been reprinted, but without care as to accuracy ; 
the edition of Leipsic, 1805, is the only one which can be trusted as giving Ms text ; 
besides a short list of errata, the volume ought to be accompanied by a longer list, 
relating mostly to the Revelation. 

In 1827, Dr. David Schulz published a new and much-improved edition of the first 
volume of Griesbach's critical text and various readings. Its value is considerably 
greater than the original work. 



90 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

generally speaking, the most matured judgment of Griesbacli as 
to tlie formation of the text ; and thus in the places in which it 
differs from his critical edition, it is entitled to general preference, 
as giving his critical judgment. 

The system of recensions laid down by Griesbach occasioned 
much discussion ; and while some opposed it altogether, others 
embraced and defended it, and others modified it, or made it the 
starting-point of theories of their own. Of those who thus 
formed new systems, the Roman-Catholic Professor HuG, of Frei- 
burg, was the one entitled, as a biblical scholar, to the greatest 
attention. He considered that the text was, in the early periods, 
left without revision ; and that its then state, with various corrup- 
tions, is that found in the Codex Bezae : to this he gave the name 
of KOLvr] eK.hoaL<; : this old text, replete with errors of transcribers, 
was (he supposed) revised about the same time by Origen in 
Palestine, by Hesychius in Eg3rpt, and by Lucian at Antioch. 
To these recensions he ascribed the MSS. which have come down 
to us. The only basis for the supposed fact of these three revi- 
sions is, that some ancient writers mention the copies of Origen, 
of Hesychius, and of Lucian : they say, however, not one word 
about systematic revision, and they do not hint (what Hug as- 
sumed) that the recension of Hesychius was adopted in Egypt, 
as the text of the New Testament, and that of Lucian in Asia. 
There is some ground for supposing that they did something with 
regard to the Septuagint, which was adopted in those countries; 
but although certain MSS. of the Gospels were called after those 
two men, they seem to have been only received and used by a 
few, and they could not have been revisions of the kolvt) €K8oai,<;, 
if (as seems from Jerome) they contained various additions from 
parallel places.* It was easier for Hug to show the weak points 
of Griesbach's theory, than for him to establish another on its 
ruins: indeed, if Griesbach erred in assuming certain points as 
facts, Hug did the same to a far greater degree. The untenable 

* " Prffitermitto cos codices quos a Luciano et Hcsychio nuncupatos paucorum 
hominum adserit perversa contcntio : quibus utique nee in veteri instrumcnto post 
septuaginta interpretes emendare quid licuit, ncc in novo profuit emendasse, cum 
muitarum gentium Unguis scriptura ante translata doceat falsa esse qusD addita sunt." 
—Jlieron. ad Damasvm. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 91 

point of Griesbach's system, even supposing that it had some 
historic basis, was the impossibility of drawing an actual line of 
distinction between his Alexandrian and Western recensions : 
together they might be clearly seen to stand in opposition to the 
mass of Byzantine documents ; amongst themselves there are cer- 
tain differences (especially in St. Paul's Epistles) ; but the precise 
distinction, so as to afford a warrant for exact classification, is not 
to be found. Indeed, Griesbach himself virtually gave up his 
system as to this point, in the last work which he lived to publish. 
In the second part of his Commentarius Criticus, in 1811 (the 
year before his death), he showed that the readings of Origen 
do not accord at all precisely with the Alexandrian recension to 
which he had attributed them, and that thus the boundary-line 
between Alexandrian and Western authority was not definable. 

Soon after Griesbach's death. Archbishop Laurence took up the 
subject in his Remarks on Griesbach's systematic classification of 
MSS. ; and he very fully demonstrated, that the final judgment of 
that critic had been the correct one. 

And yet the influence which Griesbach's labours exercised 
upon criticism was most important. There are many who, when 
they hear that his system of recensions has been thoroughly de- 
molished, think that all reference to his labours may be cast aside 
as being now unworthy of attention. This procedure savours both 
of ignorance and temerity. Even though facts have been ac- 
counted for wrongly, they still remain facts. Astronomical ob- 
servations by a Ptolemagan may be highly valued, as good and 
useful, by those who know the truth of the Copernican system. 
Facts in chemistry stand good, even though the first observers of 
those facts explained them on systems now obsolete and exploded. 
Th.Q facts to which Griesbach gave a prominence should thus be 
distinguished from the theories which he deduced from them. 

Griesbach's critical studies commenced at a time when Wet- 
stein's influence had cast discredit on all the most ancient MSS., 
and when every document which accorded with the most ancient 
authorities was deemed unworthy of a voice in criticism. Against 
this peremptory and arbitrary procedure Griesbach protested. 
He sought in some measure to restore the ancient documents to 



92 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

the consideration wliicli they had received from Bentley and from 
Bengel. He showed that the MSS. charged with Latinising were 
such as contained the readings cited by Origen ; and all this was 
labour well bestowed, even though he went too far in drawing 
distinctions amongst the documents themselves whose text is 
ancient. Within a few years after the time when Griesbach en- 
deavoured to vindicate the character of the most ancient MSS., 
and to show their true value, documents were collated or came to 
light which marvellously confirmed his judgment. A collation 
of the Codex Vaticanus was published for the first time, and it 
was remarkable to find that it accorded so much with the charac- 
teristics of the class of MSS. which Griesbach had styled. Alexan- 
drian ; so too the text of the Borgian fragment (T) of St. John, 
published by Georgi ; and when the Dublin palimpsest of St. 
Matthew came to light, it was a text of just the same character. 
Thus were the facts confirmed, which Griesbach had previously 
deduced from such data as he could obtain : the result, apart from 
all theories of recensions, is, the value attaching to the ancient 
documents as the witnesses of the ancient text. 



§ 10.— SCHOLZ'S GREEK TESTAMENT. 

The late Professor J. M. A. ScHOLZ, of Bonn, who had been a 
pupil of Hug, after spending several years in the collation and 
examination of MSS., and several more in arranging his materials, 
published his critical edition in two volumes in 1830-36. He 
had formerly been the proposer of a recension-theory according 
to which all documents were divided into Jive families ; two 
African (Alexandrian and Western), one Asiatic, one Byzantine, 
and one Cyprian. This theory he afterwards rejected ; and, in 
its stead, he reverted to the two families, as they had been defined 



OF THE GREEK NEAV TESTAMENT. 93 

a century before by Bengel. Instead, however, of deeming the 
Alexandrian documents the more important, Scholz took exactly 
the opposite view : he maintained that the true text should be 
sought mainly amongst the Constantinopolitan documents. 

These principles were defended with a certain degree of 
ingenuity. Scholz alleged that his favourite family of MSS. 
always presented one uniform text, — a text, which, having been 
preserved in general purity before Constantinople received its 
imperial supremacy, still preserved it (in spite of some Alexan- 
drian intermixture in the fourth century) ; and thus, in the patri- 
archate of Constantinople, this text was (he supposed) retained 
and transmitted. 

In support of this theory, he referred to the known discrepan- 
cies of the MSS. and versions of the Alexandrian family from one 
another ; and in contrast he maintained the general unity of the 
Constantinopolitan MSS. as to the text which they present. It 
is true that there was a difficulty arising from the fact that none 
of the most ancient MSS. belong to the Constantinopolitan class ; 
but this Scholz sought to obviate by pointing out that MSS., 
which were approved and kept in constant use, would necessarily 
be worn out. It might, however, be asked, how it happens that 
several documents of the Alexandrian family remain, and none 
of the oldest class of any other, not even in fragments ? Scholz 
endeavoured to strengthen his cause by pressing into his service 
some of the ancient versions ; but they only serve his purpose in 
places where they happen to differ from the Alexandrian text ; 
an examination of their divergencies from the Constantinopolitan 
documents would show that they accord far less with it. The 
older fathers do Scholz but little service ; so that he is forced to 
descend to about the fifth century before he finds those who use 
the text which he prefers. 

The result of Scholz's classification is, that he calls Alexandrian 
the most ancient MSS., the old Latin version, and the Vulgate of 
Jerome, the two Egyptian versions, and the JEthiopic. This class 
of text was also used by Clement of Alexandria and Origen, as 
well as later writers. 

He considers the later MSS. in general to be Constantinopolitan, 
together with the old Syriac version (in part), the later Syriac, 



94 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

the Gothic, Georgian, and Sclavonic versions, as well as certain 
fathers from the fourth century and onward. (He cites indeed 
some earlier fathers, whose evidence really proves nothing.) 

Now taking his own classification (which as to the old Syriac 
is not very correct), it comes to this, that the witnesses against 
his favoured family of authorities are formidable both from num- 
bers and character; for all the oldest MSS. extant, and most of 
the more ancient versions, are opposed to his conclusions. It is a 
rather significant fact to see the later of the versions ranging them- 
selves unequivocally on the same side as the later MSS. 

One part of Scholz's labours must be definitely stated before 
further considering his principles. He examined many MSS. in 
the course of his travels, and he collated some ; he described the 
places in which many are preserved, which were previously un- 
known to critics ; so that the list of MSS. which he gives is nearly 
double in number that which had accompanied the edition of 
Griesbach. He has thus been an exploring traveller ; and the 
general report which he brings back of the regions in which he 
has journeyed, is one highly favourable to the Constantinopolitan 
views which he had imbibed. 

But it sometimes happens that an exploring collector is by no 
means the most competent person to classify and catalogue the 
objects which he brings home with him : his own estimate of 
their value may be far higher than that of an experienced man of 
science, whose time has been occupied rather with studjdng than 
with wandering. And so it has been with Scholz ; his estimate 
of the number of MSS. which he has seen, as containing the true 
text, is far higher than sober criticism can admit. And further, 
the readings which Scholz gives from the MSS. wliich he has 
collated are (in the cases in which others have tested them) hy no 
means accurate; his Greek Testament abounds in errata, and these 
of an extraordinary kind ; so that even if his collations, as made 
by himself, were exact, his readers have not the benefit of their 
accuracy ; for, as 'printed they can be depended on but little. 

Scholz is entitled to the respect due to a laborious scholar, 
devoted for years to one object : he has rendered no small service 
in pointing out wliere MSS. are preserved ; and those who come 
after him may find from his list some documents worthy of their 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 95 

attention wHch were previously unnoticed. It must be observed 
that the greater part of the documents which none had consulted 
before Scholz, have a place in the list which he gives, but no 
readings are cited from them in his collection of various lections : 
he calls the greater number of them Constantinopolitan (as doubt- 
less they are), and rests on the supposed uniformity of text as 
giving the weight of numbers in favour of what he advocated. 
And thus in many discussed passages in which Griesbach had 
varied from the common text in following ancient authorities, 
Scholz, relying on numbers, followed the more recent documents, 
and thus adhered to the received text or to readings not differing 
from it greatly. 

And hence the text of Scholz was highly valued by many who 
feared innovation : they were willing to believe that a deep truth 
lay at the basis of the system ; and they acquiesced in his estimate 
of authorities. Others, too, who were themselves dissatisfied with 
Griesbach's system of recensions, or who knew that competent 
scholars had raised objections with regard to it, were willing to 
assent to the twofold division of MSS., etc., proposed by Scholz ; 
and this was often the case without inquiry and accurate investi- 
gation into the correctness of his arrangement of documents and 
authorities under the respective classes. Scholz's twofold division 
was supposed by some tc( be a new discovery of his own : they 
overlooked Bengel's distribution of documents into families, and 
the entirely different estimate which he had formed of their 
respective authority. 

In this manner the critical principles of Scholz found many 
advocates in this country : not so much amongst those who had 
really studied the subject, as amongst the very numerous class 
who deprecate all application of criticism to the sacred text. 

When Scholz relied on the great uniformity of text found (as 
he said) in the Greek documents written during the last nine 
centuries within the limits of the patriarchate of Constantinople, 
as though this uniformity guaranteed its genuineness, appeal was 
made to the Latin MSS., in which uniformity was far more 
manifest in those of a comparatively modern date, than in any 
class of Greek copies ; and yet it was a notorious fact, that the 
later Latin MSS. accord in readings repudiated by the more 



96 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

ancient, and wliich are totally different from what that version 
was as it left the hands of Jerome. So that by analogy the uni- 
formity of later Greek copies proved nothing whatever. Also the 
mass of these Greek MSS. were written at Constantinople or on 
Mount Athos ; so that it would not be very remarkable if they 
followed a few exemplars closely resembling one another. There 
was a difficulty always, however, to be reconciled, if possible, to 
Scholz's theory, that the Constantinopolitan text was preserved and 
maintained by a kind of Church authority ; and this difficulty was 
the fact that some manifestly Alexandrian MSS. were written for 
Church use in Constantinople in the later period : this is a good 
disproof of the existence of a received text in the eastern imperial 
capital. 

But the alleged uniformity of the later documents of Scholz's 
approved family is not quite a fact ; * so that the argiunent, if 
it be worth anything, drawn from the supposed agreement, fails 
utterly and entirely. Many amongst them may be generally 
alike, but there is no settled and established standard to which 
the copies as a matter of course conform. 

Thus beyond the point of the twofold division of classes, Scholz 
cannot be safely followed ; for he substituted theories for proofs ; 
and in advancing forward with his Constantinopolitan forces, he 
seems to have forgotten how he had left the Alexandrian authori- 
ties behind him, holding a sort of quiet possession of the text of 
the first four centuries. 

In the text itself, Scholz seems often to depart from his own 
principles : this arises partly from the extensive use which he 
made of the previous labours of Griesbach, and partly from the 
difficulty of always combatting a mass of evidence sufficient to 
rebut his hypothesis. He does not follow Griesbach in adopting 
any signs of greater or less probability, so that all stands on the 
same ground of acceptance. 

In the margin he gave not only the readings of the common 
text which he had changed, but he also placed there a mass of 
readings which he terms Alexandrian ; many of which are the 

* In full proof of this, see Mr. Scrivener's recently-published collation of the 
Gospels. There is great want of unifoi'mity in very many MSS., Church Lectionaries 
and others, of the Constantinopolitan class. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 97 

best attested of all by ancient evidence. He also gives tbere those 
Constantinopolitan readings wMcli be does not accept. It must 
be owned, however, that both these terms are used in this margin 
in a manner rather arbitrary, and that Scholz's text is not nearly 
as Constantinopolitan as might have been expected from his prin- 
ciples : this is particularly observable in the second volume. 

It is rather singular that a Roman Catholic should adopt a 
critical system peculiarly opposed to the text of the Latin Yulgate ; 
— a, system in fact which would stigmatise that version, even when 
fresh from the hand of Jerome, as following incorrect or even 
corrupted copies of the Greek text. 

Scholz's edition was received with greater approbation in this 
country than elsewhere ; indeed the publication of the second 
volume was aided considerably, even if the whole cost was not 
defrayed, by subscriptions in England. This evidently sprung 
from a feeling that Scholz's labours were on the side of conserva- 
tive criticism ; whereas such criticism, if rightly understood and 
applied to the word of God, will seek to uphold what the Apostles 
and Evangehsts actually wrote, in their own words, and not as 
their writings are found in the later copies. 

If Scholz's text is compared with that of Griesbach, it will be 
seen that it is a retrograde step in the application of criticism ; and 
thus though he maintained a truer system of families than Gries- 
bach did, yet his results are even less satisfactory, because he 
applied a theory to the classification of authorities by which their 
respective value was precisely reversed. 



§ 11.— LACHMANN'S EDITIONS. 

In 1831 a small edition appeared with this title, — " Novum Tes- 
tamentum Grsece. Ex recensione Caroli Lachmann." There was 
no Preface ; and the only indication of the critical principles on 
which it was edited (besides what could be gathered from the text 



98 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

itself), was a brief notice at the end, preceding a list of the places 
in which it differed from the common text. 

This notice stated, that the plan of the edition had been ex- 
plained in a German periodical of the preceding year ; and that it 
was sufficient there to say that the editor had never followed his 
own judgment, but the custom of the most ancient oriental 
churches. That when this was not uniform, he had preferred 
what (as far as could be ascertained) was supported by African 
and Italian consent : that where there was great uncertainty, this 
was indicated in part by enclosing words within brackets, and in 
part by placing a different reading in the margin ; — the so-called 
textus receptus being allowed no place.* 

It need be no cause for surprise that Lachmann's edition was 
long but little comprehended in this country. The exposition of 
his principles in a foreign periodical rendered it out of the question 
for many (or indeed for most) of those into whose hands the edition 
might come, to be in possession of the information which would 
enable them to appreciate it. And as, in his brief notice to the 
reader, he divided all the MSS. of which he spoke into eastern 
and western^ and as others had used the terms oriental or Asiatic, 
as denoting the mass of the more recent MSS., such as contained 
the text which had, perhaps, originally come into use in the 
regions from Antioch to Constantinople, the mistake was made of 
imagining Lachmann to be an adherent of the general principle of 
Scholz. Of course, if the text of the edition had been studied, the 
mistake would never have been made ; but few, indeed, there 
were who were inclined to form a judgment in this laborious 
manner ; considering that they were not informed on what MSS. 
the edition was based, or on what principles they were applied. 
It is to be regretted that Lachmann had not, by giving a few 

* The following is the tvTiole of this notice in Lachmann's own words :— 
"De ratione et consilio huius editionis loco commodiore expositum est (theol. 
Studien und Kritiken, 1830, p. 817—845). hie satis crit dixisse, editorem nusquam 
iudicium suum, sed consuetudinem antiquissimarum orientis ecclesiarum secutum esse, 
hanc quoties minus constant em fuisse animadvertit, quantum fieri potuit ea quae 
Italorum et Afrorum consensu comprobarentur pra?tulit : ubi pervagatam omnium 
auctorum discrepantiam deprehendit, partim uncis partim in margiuibus indicavit. 
quo factum est ut vulgata; et his proximis duobus ea^culis receptcB lectionis ratio 
haberi non posset, huius diversitalis hie in fine libri adiecta est, quoniam ea res 
doctis iudicibus neccssaria esse vidcbatur." 



OP THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 99 

explanatory remarks, obviated the possibility of sucb mistakes ; 
for be would tbus have caused bis labours to be appreciated at an 
earlier period by tbose wbose studies would have led tliem to 
value tbem tbe most. 

This small edition was actually tbe result of very close labour 
and study, carried on during five years. Lacbmann determined 
to cast aside tbe received text altogether, and to edit in such a 
manner as if it had never existed. His object was to give the 
Greek Testament in that form in which the most ancient docu- 
ments have transmitted it, according as these documents are 
known : his plan was, in fact, this — such and such evidence ought 
to lead to such and such results. And thus he professed implicitly 
to follow ancient copies so far as then existing collations rendered 
them accessible ; the oldest Greek MSS. are the basis, compared 
with the citations of Origen ; the readings of the old Latin (as 
found in unrevised MSS.) and the citations of Latin fathers were 
his subsidiary aids : and thus the text was formed ; not giving 
what he would necessarily consider to be the true text, but the 
transmitted text of about the fourth century. This he considered 
would be a basis for criticism, delivering it in fact from the read- 
ings of the sixteenth century, and bringing us to a period a thou- 
sand years and more nearer to the time when the sacred books were 
written. Where the principal authorities agree in an error^ a 
certain unquestionable error ^ still Lacbmann would follow them in 
editing ; not as supposing, however, that such errors proceeded 
from the writers themselves, but as regarding such errors to have 
been parts of the textus traditus of the fourth century. 

Let Lachmann's critical principles be approved or not, still to 
him must be conceded this, that he led the way in casting aside 
the so-called textus receptus, and boldly placing the New Testa- 
ment wholly and entirely on the basis of actual authority. It 
would have been well if he had made his object intelligible to 
those around him ; for, even in Germany, this was but little un- 
derstood, and thus reviewers misstate.d his plan and purpose, and 
described his edition in such a manner as to show that they did 
not comprehend what he had intended, or what he had performed. 
Even De Wette supposed that Lachmann's time and labour had 
been wasted, and this was to him a cause of deep trial. 



100 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

Two things were needful, besides a full exposition of Lach- 
mann's views, before it could be considered tliat the text was 
really placed on the basis of the fourth century : care ought to 
have been taken to procure collations of the ancient MSS. as 
accurately as possible; and also the Latin versions were not suffi- 
cient as subsidiary Avitnesses. A wider scope of ancient evidence 
should have been taken. 

As Lachmann's object was gradually better apprehended, a 
wish was expressed by many that he would formally undertake 
an edition with a full statement of the authorities on which he 
relied in forming his text. At length, in 1837, Lachmann ob- 
tained the aid of Philip Buttmann the younger, whose part of the 
labour was to arrange the authorities for the Greek text only. On 
this he was occupied for seven years ; part of which time was after 
the appearance of the first volume of Lachmann's larger edition. 
In 1839, Lachmann and Buttmann went together to Fulda, that 
they might unitedly copy and examine the very ancient Latin 
Codex Fuldensis for the use of the forthcoming edition. Li this 
MS. the Gospels are thrown into a sort of combined narrative : 
the object kept in view being not to omit any part of any of 
the four histories : the consequence of this procedure is that a 
Diatessaron is formed, always tautological, and often (from the 
sentences not combining) quite contradictory. The Codex Ful- 
densis has, however, a peculiar value as an authority for the Latin 
text. In collating this MS. Buttmann read aloud, while Lach- 
mann noted the various readings in a copy of the Latin Yulgate. 

In the year 1842, the first volume of Lachmann's larger edition 
appeared. The variations in the text from the small edition of 
1831 are not many ; and as they have sometimes been made a 
ground of unintelligent remark, it will be well in a few words to 
explain the characteristic difference between the two. The text 
of the small edition is wliolly based on the sources which were (in 
Lachmann's sense of the word) oriental; and, where these differ 
among themselves, the readings were adopted " quaj Italorum et 
Afrorum consensu comprobarentur." In the larger edition, Lach- 
mann used the combined evidence (in his sense) of eastern and 
western authorities. 

The upper part of each page of the larger edition contains 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 101 

Laciimann's recension of the Greek text; in tliis, brackets are 
used, as before, to indicate words of doubtful authority ; and 
immediately below the text readings are sometimes placed, as to 
which the authorities fluctuate. The middle part of the page 
contains the authorities, — the Greek arranged by Buttmann, the 
Latin by Lachmann himself; in this part the reference to the text 
is merely by lines, and the want of distinctness in the arrangement 
is a sore hindrance to the usefulness of the work ; it is probable 
that these notes were perfectly clear to those who arranged them, 
because they had the subject and the authorities altogether fami- 
liar to their minds ; but it is not so with regard to others ; and 
thus it has been to some a study to understand how the balance of 
authorities is denoted in this edition. Lachmann's own arrange- 
ment of the Latin readings derived from difierent sources, in his 
own hand-writing, were as clear and comprehensible as could pos- 
sibly be wished. 

The lower part of the page is occupied with the Latin version 
of Jerome, edited mostly on the authority of the Codices Ful- 
densis and Amiatinus ; this latter MS. is one of great antiquity and 
value, now preserved in the Laurentian library at Florence.* 

In this edition, then, much was accomplished of that which 
Bentley had purposed co long before : there are certain differences 
of plan between that which each of these critics designed, and 
yet there is a general resemblance. 

Both maintained that the oldest authorities are to be relied on 
as the witnesses to the genuine ancient text ; and both relied on 
the combined evidence of Greek and Latin readings. There was 
this difference between the materials with which they were fur- 
nished, — that while Bentley had taken all practicable measures for 
obtaining the accurate collation of the oldest Greek MSS. (and as 
to one — the Codex Vaticanus — he was more successful than any 
one since has been), his Latin authorities were limited to the 
ancient MSS. of Jerome's translation ; whereas, the publication of 
the texts of that Latin version, which in its various forms was in 

* The Codex Amiatinus is of the sixth century, as also is the Fuldensis. Lachmann 
was only able to use the very imperfect and inaccurate collation of the Codex Amia- 
tinus which had been published by Fleck. The text of this MS. has been edited by 
Professor Tischendorf (Leipsic, 1851), from his own and S. P. Tregelles's transcripts 
and collations.. 



102 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

circulation before the time of Jerome, has fumislied a new body of 
evidence ; and on those Latin texts which appeared to him to be 
the most unaltered, Lachmann relied as being a valuable class of 
witnesses. Bentley can hardly be blamed for not having under- 
stood their value ; for, while they remained buried in Hbraries to 
which (in some cases) access was almost denied, it was impossible 
for a true judgment to be formed of their contents ; nor could it 
as yet have been demonstrated that the Ante-hieron3ntnian Latin 
was one version subsequently altered and revised : the notion was 
prevalent that the many forms of Latin text were so many sepa- 
rate versions ; and this notion was by no means corrected by those 
who used the term Itala, and the one passage in Augustine in 
which it occurs, as though the one original Latin version was 
thereby denoted. 

In Lachmann's preface there is much that is valuable on the 
subject of the Latin texts, and the mode in which alterations had 
been introduced. He accedes to the opinion of Cardinal Wiseman, 
which had been held long before by Wetstein and others, that the 
old Latin was a version made in northern Africa.* He shows 
how the text had been modernised into the form in which some 
MSS. (such as the Codex Brixianus) exhibit it ; — a form far more 
resembling the later Greek MSS., than that did in which this 
Latin version had previously existed. He, therefore, rejects alto- 
gether from his consideration as witnesses those texts of the old 
Latin, in which the version has thus been changed. 

One class of Latin text does not come forward in Lachmann*s 
consideration at all ; — that in which the readings are introduced 
which agree with the Alexandrian family (in Griesbach's classi- 
fication) far more than the old Latin did originally. Of this class 
there were then only fragments published ; so that Lachmann was 
unable so to take them into consideration as to form a judgment 
on their nature. 

The Latin texts, then, which have been transmitted to us con- 
sist of, i. the old Latin version (as found in the Codices Vercellen- 
sis, Vcroncnsis, and Colbertinus) ; ij. the same version revised with 
what may be called a Byzantine tendency; (the Codex Brixianus, 

* Wetstein says (in speaking of Mill), "Italicfc versioni, h. e, indoctis, nescio qui- 
bu8 Interpretibus, certe Idiotls Jfris plus tribucret," etc. Proleg. 176. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 103 

etc.) ; iij. the old Latin made more Alexandrine (Codex Bobbia- 
nus, etc.), and, iv. tlie version or revision of Jerome. Other MSS. 
contain some admixture of this last with readings from what had 
preceded it. 

The mode in which Lachmann states the various degrees 
of weight which attach to different readings is the following : 
(i.) nothing is better attested than that in which all authorities 
accord : (ij.) the agreement has rather less moment, if part of the 
authorities are silent or defective : (iij.) the evidence for a reading 
when it is that of witnesses of different regions, is greater than that 
of witnesses of some particular locality differing either from negli- 
gence or from set purpose : (iv.) but the testimonies must be con- 
sidered to be doubtfully balanced when witnesses from regions 
wide apart stand opposed to others equally separated in locality : 
(v.) readings are uncertain which are in one form in one region, 
and differently in another region with great uniformity : (vi.) lastly, 
readings are of weak authority, as to which not even the same 
region presents an uniform testimony. 

To discuss the subject fully ^ it would be needful to examine 
these principles in all their bearings, and also to inquire how they 
were practically applied by Lachmann himself A few remarks, 
however, must here suffice. There are general truths, which 
ought to be admitted by all who examine the subject, enunciated 
in these principles ; while at the same time they are connected 
with points questionable in themselves, and still more so in 
their application. For the value of particular witnesses, as 
learned from the general character of their testimony, ought to 
have a greater weight assigned to it, than these principles admit ; 
and thus, in difficult places, certain authorities of weight may be 
safely followed, even though it be true that others of different 
regions present a different testimony : this is especially the case 
with regard to such readings as were liable to alteration from the 
hands of transcribers from the nature of the case. Lachmann 
does not take these into consideration, because such points do not 
fall witliin his plan of giving the text as transmitted and simply 
as resting on authority: it may, however, be well said, that his 
plan might have been suitably extended, so as to embrace these 



104 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

additional considerations ; and tlius in cases of uncertainty from 
tlie variety of reading, he miglit have relied upon such grounds 
in forming his selection. He says, indeed, that upon his prin- 
ciples, choice is excluded ; this may be true to a certain degree, 
while absolutely it is hardly possible : for at times a certain degree 
of judgment must almost necessarily be exercised ; and therefore 
it would have been an extension of his plan, not a departure from 
it, to have brought into view those grounds of judgment which 
might give a determining value to the evidence on some one side 
in doubtful cases. 

As it is, Lachmann's plan was to place in his text whatever 
reading was the highest in the scale according to his scheme of 
numerical value ; and to indicate uncertainty by inclosing words 
in the text within brackets, or by giving another reading in the 
margin. 

The authorities which Lachmann admitted were very few in 
number: thus in the Gospels he used the collations of but four 
Greek MSS., and four fragments, and two of these MSS. were 
considerably mutilated. The only version admitted (as has been 
said) was the Latin, in its twofold form, — as prior to the time of 
Jerome, and as revised by him : the only fathers whose writings 
were employed were Irenaeus and Origen, and the Latins, Cyprian, 
Hilary of Poictiers, and Lucifer. In consequence of this restric- 
tion there are passages in which two MSS. or perhaps only one 
contain the sacred text; and thus an error in such a copy or copies 
is assumed to be the wide-spread reading of the fourth century. 
But in connection with such passages it must always be borne in 
mind that Lachmann did not profess to give a perfect text ; and 
thus if a certain unquestionable error was attested by his authori- 
ties, they were to be followed in editing ; not as supposing that 
such error proceeded from the sacred authors, but on the groimd 
that it belonged to the traditive text of the fourth century. 

An instance of this is seen in Ephes. i. 15, where the common 
text reads, aKovaa<^ Trjv KaO^ u/xa? ttlo-tlv iv tw Kvpiw ^Irjaov, Kal 
rrjv cvydirrjv ttjv eh 7rdvTa<; tol'9 drfiov^ : here Lachmann omits the 
words rrjv tuyu7rr]v^ as not being found in the Alexandrian MS-, 
and (apparently) not in the Vatican. But he gives this, not as 
the true passage, as written by St. Paul, but as being (he thinks) 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 105 

an early mistake, — an hiatus, in fact, of early copyists. He says 
(Prolog., vol. ii., p. xii.) that it is manifest that a^dirr]v has dropped 
from the text, but whether it be that word alone, or more, it is 
impossible to say ; comparing the passage with Col. i. 4, where 
in the clause koX rrjv ar/aTrrjv fjv ex'^re, the words rjv e^ere are not 
uniformly read in all the more ancient authorities. Now here the 
reason for not giving either ar/aTrrjv, or else rrjv arydirrjv, in the 
text, on the authority of the Codices Claromontanus and Boerne- 
rianus (two of Lachmann's admitted witnesses), supported by the 
more recent copies in general, and the other ancient versions, as 
well as the Latin,* can only be the supposition that it had been 
filled in as a correction in the copies in which it is found. And 
yet, when the word certainly belongs to the text as an original 
part of it, and when the versions vouch for it, and that without 
any other addition, it can hardly be deemed an exercise of mere 
choice for it to receive a place in the text, in spite of its omission 
in certain ancient and valuable documents. 

Thus far, then, Lachmann's principles (to say nothing at present 
of his range of authorities) might be safely extended, without at 
all trenching upon his plan of presenting the traditive text of the 
early centuries. It was, however, a great and grievous mistake, 
on the part of those who criticised Lachmann's edition, when they 
lighted on such passages as Eph. i. 15, as if he had there given 
what he believed to be the genuine and original text. Lach- 
mann's censors (such for instance as Tholuck) who did not appre- 
hend his plan, or had not truly investigated the facts of the case, 
copied from one another, in representing Lachmann's range of 
Greek authorities as more confined than it really was, especially 
in his larger edition. Hence the following judgment of Tholuck 
is far from correct : — " Since there are so few codices which are 
written in uncial characters, and are preserved entire, Lachmann 
has been obliged sometimes to adopt readings which are autho- 
rised only by a single codex. Thus he has given the whole text, 
from the fourth to the twelfth chapter of 2 Corinthians, according 

* This case would come apparently under tlie fourth head in Lachmann's state- 
ment of weight of evidence ; for the documents of the Western region stand opposed 
to those considered peculiarly Alexandrian ; and thus it seems that, even on those 
principles, the reading is only doubtful. 



106 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

to no other authority than that of the Codex B, and the whole 
text from Hebrews ix. 14 to the end, on the basis of Codex A 
merely." Such statements have misled students; for it has been 
supposed that they would not have been advanced, except on 
grounds of competent knowledge. But how do the facts stand? 
In the passage in 2 Corinthians, the whole, up to chap. x. 8, is 
contained in C (Cod. Ephraemi), and the whole of the chapters, 
said to rest on B only, are contained in D (Cod. Claromontanus) 
and G (Cod. Boernerianus) : in the latter part of the Hebrews, 
the hiatus in C is from x. 24 to xii. 15, and in D there is there 
no defect at all. It is important to state these things explicitly, 
because the incorrect assertions have misled, and will still mislead, 
those who are unacquainted with critical details. 

Wliile maintaining that a critical basis should be laid broad 
enough for us not to be obliged to follow certain authorities into 
known error, it is of great importance not to put down an attested 
reading to be an error without full inquiry and examination. It 
may be very natural thus to condemn a reading which differs from 
what we are accustomed to see; but we must look well to it, lest, 
in stigmatising a reading as devoid of meaning, we only show 
that ice have not understood it. This is wholly diiFerent from 
cases of known and certain mistake in MSS. 

Matt. xxi. 28-31 aSbrds an illustration of the importance of 
not hastily condemning a reading as unintelligible. In the para- 
ble of the two sons bidden by their father to work in his vineyard, 
Lachmann retains the common order of the answers and actions, 
that is, the Jirst son refuses to work, but afterwards repents and 
goes; the second son says that he will go, but does not : but in 
the answer of the Jews to the inquiry of Christ, '* Which did the 
will of his father?" — the answer in Lachmann's text is 6 var6po<;, 
instead of the 6 Trpooro? of the common text. This was deemed 
by De Wctte to deprive the passage of all meaning ;* and Tis- 
chendorf, who adopted it in the first edition which he published, 
afterwards turned to the common reading. In examining the 
authorities in this passage, considerable discrepancies will be found; 
several have var€po<; (or an equivalent) in the latter part, while 

* lie asks, "Was soil der Exeget rait dem blosscu Laclimannschen Tcxte anfangcn 
ill Sicllcn, wo cr siniiloa ist, wic Matt. xxi. 28-31 ?^^—Einleitung his N. T., ed. 5, p. 80. 



OP THE GKEEK NEW TESTAMENT. 107 

they avoid all difficulty by inverting the order of tlie answers, etc., 
of tlie two sons. Origen,* however, is an explicit witness, that in 
the early part of the third century, the answers and actions were 
in the same order in which we now have them, — ^the second son 
professing a willingness and not going, the first refusing and 
afterwards going. Hippolytus, an elder contemporary of Origen, 
is an equally explicit witness, that the answer of the Jews to our 
Lord was the latter, not the former.^ Now, I fully believe that 
Lachmann gives the true reading of the passage, and that in some 
documents the order of the answers has been changed so as to 
avoid a supposed difficulty, and that, in others, the word Trpwro? 
has been introduced instead of vo-repo?, for a similar reason. 
Transcribers felt persuaded, that the answer of the Jews must 
have been that the son who really went into the vineyard was he 
who did the father's will; when, however, documents avoid a 
difficulty in different paths, they give a very plain hint as to the 
true state of the case as a matter of evidence. Jerome appears to 
have translated ^^novissimus,^^ a rendering which elsewhere answers 
to va-repo^ : this, too, had been the Latin reading prior to the 
time of Jerome (as shown in the Codices Vercellensis, Yeronen- 
sis, Corbeiensis, and the Evangelium Palatinum, published by 
Tischendorf ) ; the best copies of Jerome's translation (such as the 
Codices Amiatinus, Fuldensis, and Forojuliensis) also retain it. 
Jerome, in his Commentary, seems to have felt the difficulty, and 
he appeals to other copies which read ^^ primus" (such as the 
revised text contained in the Codex Brixianus) : he seems, how- 
ever, to have had but little confidence in the copies that read 
differently; for he tries to explain his own reading, novissimus, by 
attributing this answer to the obstinacy of the Jews. 

But what is to be said to this seemingly contradictory reading ? 
The youngest son professed his readiness to obey, and then does not 
act according to his father's will, and yet the answer is 6 varepo^f. 
I believe that 6 va-Tepo<; refers not to the order in which the two 
sons have been mentioned, but to the previous expression about 

* Ed. De la Eue, iij. 770. 

T ilie words of Hippolytus are, koL iv tco tvayyeXCw rhwoLrja-avTa to eiXriixa rov naTphi 

elTfevb eVxaros. (Ed. Fabric, torn, ij., p. 30.) eVxaros is the equivalent for vVrepos 
in some MSS. of this passage. 



108 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

the elder son, varepov Be fjuerafjueXTjOeU airijiXOev, ''^afterwards 
he repented and went." " Which of the two did his father's 
will?" 6vcFTepo<;. //<? 2/;/io q/Ven^ar^s [repented and went]. This 
answers the charge that the reading of Lachmann is void of 
sense. 

Lachmann, indeed, in the Prolegomena to his second vol., p. v., 
suggests that this clause not being noticed in the Commentary of 
Origen on St. Matthew, as it has come down to us, was unknown 
to that father, and that therefore it was not in his copy : and thus, 
though Lachmann thought that the words might be very well 
explained in that manner just stated, he considered it more pro- 
bable that the clause, XiyouaLV, 'O varepo^. Xeyec avTo2<; 6 ^Irjaov^; 
was an after-insertion : probably he would not have thrown out 
this suggestion had he taken into consideration the statement of 
Hippolytus, to say nothing now of the combined evidence of 
MSS. and versions. 

In some places Lachmann really follows none of the Greek 
authorities on which he avowedly relies. This may be seen re- 
peatedly in the latter chapters of the Apocalypse : in such cases 
he considered that the combined testimony of the other authorities 
was sufficient to warrant the introduction of the readings which 
he adopts : it would, however, on any principles of criticism, have 
been well if the Greek copies which contain the reading as he 
gives it, had been mentioned. 

In some places in his larger edition, Lachmann introduces a 
critical correction of the authorities, the actual reading of which 
he had given in his smaller. Thus in Rev. xviii. 3, the reading 
of the oldest authorities is, otl e/c tov Ov/ulov tt)? iropv€La<; avrrj^; 
ireiTTCdKav irdvra ra eOvrj, " because by reason of the wrath of 
her fornication all the nations have fallen " (see Jerem. li. 4 and 
49). And thus the passage stood in Lachmann's earlier edition. 
In the larger, however, the word weirrcoKav is corrected into 
ireiTWKav ; no authority is cited for this change, and it seems to 
be on the ground of the reading of the version of Jerome and the 
supposed nature of the case. But still choice is introduced instead 
of the simple following of authorities. But there was no need 
to depart from the best attested and most ancient reading, for 
it has sufficient witnesses. ireinaiKav is supported by A and G, 



OP THE GEEEK NEW TESTAMENT. 109 

while B (Cod. Basilianus) and ten otliers have the cognate reading 
TreTTTcoKaatv ; and this is the meaning found in the Memphitic 
and -Ethiopia versions. The most ancient reading has been vari- 
ously changed in later documents; thus the oldest copies of Je- 
rome's version (e. g. the Codices Amiatinus and Fuldensis) read, 
" quia de ira fornicationis ejus biberunt omnes gentes " (the 
modern Vulgate has ^^ de vino zV^e fornicationis "), — reading the 
Greek as if they had Lachmann's text before them, or as if 7re- 
iTTCDKav had been misapprehended. In some documents (most 
indeed) rod olvov is inserted before tov Ovfjiov (as in Eev. xiv. 8), 
and thus the reading of the common text seems to have sprung 
up, " because by reason of the wine of the wrath of her fornica- 
tion all the nations have drunk" (as found also in the modern 
Clementine Yulgate). The omission of tov otvov is sufficiently 
warranted ; and thus the ancient reading in all its parts may be 
retained without correction, on grounds of inferential reasoning. 
And, in fact, what is the line of argument ? whether it be most 
likely that translators and recent copyists mistook ireTTTooKav for 
ireTTOiKav (which they judged to be the sense of the passage),* or 
whether the transcribers of the more ancient Greek MSS. were 
unitedly mistaken, and that the two mutually confirming and 
corroborating readings ireTTTWKav and TreirrooKao-iv were alike mere 
mistake : the reading thence arising being also somewhat the 
more difficult of the two. 

It may be asked, without any desire to be censorious, whether 
Lachmann has not in this and similar passages shown some 
tendency to indulge in suhjectiveness? It is difficult not to do 
this, at least in some measure, and thus it can be no cause for 
surprise if traces of this feeling are found in every critical work. 

In Acts xiii. 33, Lachmann reads dj? koX iv rS ^^cCKjmm jeypa- 
TTTai TO) 7rp(OT(pj on which Tischendorf remarks that he has given 
this reading sine teste. The argument on the reading, however, 
divides itself into two parts j i. the order of the words ; and ij. the 



* The following is the note of Lachmann referring to Tre'sroxcav n-ai/Ta to. eOvr} in his 
text : " irenTOiKav (sic TreVwKe r) iravra ra eOurj A C r, om. h." By the mark " s"" Lachmann 
designates the Elzevir text ; by " h" he signifies the citations of the Apocalypse found 
in the writings of Primasius. Thus the version of Jerome at the foot of the page, 
was the only authority for the word given in the text. 



110 AN ACCOUNT OF THE FEINTED TEXT 

numeral to be adopted, wliether Seurepo) or Trpoorw. i. then, as to 
order ^ Lachmann follows ABC and other authorities ; as to the 
numeral he gives that which Origen expressly mentions as being 
the reading of the passage,* and which is found in D, although 
in a different order. Thus it is hardly correct to say that Lach- 
mann has edited the passage sine teste, as there is separate evidence 
in favour of each part : this is not the place for fully discussing 
the best form of the reading of this passage ; it should, however, 
be noticed that the reading irpcarw was edited by Erasmus (rely- 
ing on the express authority of Jerome), by Griesbach, and by 
Tischendorf himself. In fact, it can hardly be doubted but that 
hevrepw has been a correction, to avoid a supposed difficulty, by 
accommodating the passage to the present order and division of 
the Psalms. 

This passage aifords a good specimen of the cases in which an 
absolute and express early testimony to a particular reading pos- 
sesses a paramount importance : — there are other passages in which 
Lachmann might suitably have given more weight to this kind of 
testimony. It may also be noticed that, in balancing conflicting 
witnesses to readings, in those passages which were liable to 
alteration from parallel texts, a less amount of evidence may pre- 
ponderate in favour of those readings which represent those pas- 
sages as not precisely the same in their phraseology. 

The contrast which Lachmann drew between his own mode 
of editing and that of Griesbach was, that Griesbach's inquiry had 
been, " Is there any necessity for departing from the common 
reading ?" while his own was, " Is there any necessity for depart- 
ing from the best attested reading ?" To this it might suitably 
be added. Ought we not to use all means for obtaining evidence 
as accurately as possible ? And, Ought we not, if relying on 
ancient evidence, to take it in its widest extent ? 

The printing of Lachmann's second volume (to some passages 
of which allusion has already been made) was completed, as to 
the text, in 1845 ; it was not, however, published till 1850, 



* The words of Origen on Pa. ii. are the following : — Auo-Ij/ kunxovT^^ ejSpatKois an-iypa- 

^ois, kv ixev r<2 erepcu evpofxeu apxr)V devrepov \l/aXfj.ov ravTa' ev 6e r<S krepio <rvi>rinrero toj TrptoTu. Kai, 
iv Ttti? npa^ecri Sk tCju aTToaToXinv to, Yto? mow ei crv, eyw <jrj{xepov yeyeVi/rjxa ere, eXeyero elvax ToO 
TrpcijToi) v/zaA/xoO. w? yap yeypaiTTai., <}>r}<Tii', evnpoJTw \//aA/x<i> ktA. JliU. Clc la IvUe, )J., 5o7 8. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. Ill 

about a year before the death of tbe editor. Two reasons occa- 
sioned this delay: it had been Lachmann's intention to have 
written pretty full remarks on various passages, and on the appli- 
cation of criticism (i. e. the exercise of a critical judgment, not 
a mere adherence to authorities) for their correction ; and this 
intention (though never carried out) caused delay : but the great 
obstacle in Lachmann's mind was the want of apprehension which 
his friend De Wette showed as to his object and design : it was 
this, in fact, that hindered him from giving the second volume 
to the public so long as De Wette lived. That scholar seems, 
indeed, not to have at all apprehended what Lachmann meant ; and 
thus, although more fitted mentally than most scholars of Germany 
for understanding Lachmann's edition, it was always so described 
by him as to lead to misapprehension on the part of others. De 
Wette would always have used exegetic clearness, as though it 
had a primary importance in forming a judgment of the true text ; 
and he was in so many respects a true pupil of Griesbach, that he 
shrunk from an entire revertence to the really oldest authorities. 

Although Lachmann never wrote the full remarks on passages 
which he had once intended to have done, he prefixed to his 
second volume a few notes on readings which had called forth the 
observations of De Wette and others. In these notes he gives 
occasionally his own conjectures as to the true readings of passages, 
using the traditive reading of the oldest documents as his basis of 
argument. These in general call for no further notice here ; for 
they belong, not to Lachmann's principles as an editor, but to his 
own personal opinions ; and though it may be freely admitted 
that all ancient books may contain errors of copyists, so old as to 
precede all documentary means of their restoration, yet when we 
have such united witnesses as we possess to the text of the New 
Testament, it would be useless and rash in the extreme to depart 
from what has been transmitted, in search of something which we 
may suppose or imagine. But in the midst of Lachmann's con- 
jectures, there are good and valuable remarks introduced : thus, 
on Acts xiii. 32, he speaks of those who prefer to see the text 
" skinned over and plaistered," rather than with the wounds 
visible : that is, that some would prefer the text as it has passed 
through the hands of copyists and non-critical editors, with the 



112 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

wounds (if sucli tliere be) of the earliest copies and versions con- 
cealed by a sort of artificial vail, to that which gives the text 
as transmitted, a text which may be the basis of true exposition, 
and from which what is genuine may be gatliered on grounds of 
evidence, which never can be the case if the concealment of modi- 
fied and modernised phraseology be adopted and canonised. The 
reading which led to these remarks is Kal ^JyLtet? t'/xa? evar/yeXt^o- 
fieOa rrjv 7r/309 tov<; 7raT€pa<^ iirayyeXLav yevo/jLevrjv, ore ravryv 6 
6eb<i eKTreirkrjpcoKev roL<; reKvoi^ rjfjuojv, where the common text 
has rol<i tekvol^; avTMV rjfMtv, a reading which seems to have only 
sprung up as an amendment, a "skinning over and bandaging" 
of To?9 T6Kvot<i Tj/jLcov as fouud iu the ancient authorities : — " filiis 
nostris," as it stands in the Vulgate, both in the ancient and 
modern copies : now here the first question is, not whether we can 
give an exposition of the ancient text, but whether this is to be 
received, as supported by authority, in preference to that which 
seems to show its more recent origin. We may well pause before 
we pronounce a reading void of meaning, when we find that 
ancient copyists in various lands have transmitted it, and ancient 
translators have equally allowed it a place in their versions. 

Those who remember how Erasmus was assailed by Edward 
Lee, and how Mill was criticised by Daniel Whitby, can feel no 
surprise that Lachmann should have been similarly treated by 
critics who had as little intelligence as those two writers as to the 
subjects which they had undertaken to discuss. If Lachmann's 
edition only is known, it may seem as if he dealt hard words 
against his censors ; but if the nature of the attacks on him were 
at all considered, the contumely with wliich he was assailed, the 
names of reproach (such as simia Bentleii) which were invented in 
order to make him appear ridiculous, then those who have com- 
plained of his tone as "bitter and arrogant,"* would at least be 
obliged to own that he treated his assailants with gentleness and 
courtesy, in comparison with their mode of acting towards him. 
He did not spare the pretentious spirit of sciolists who wrote on 
subjects of which they were ignorant, but he often dealt with 
those whose opinions he was discussing in a tone of pleasantry, 

* Scrivener's Supplement to the Authorised English Version. Introduction, p. 23. 



OF THE GEEEK NEW TESTAMENT. 113 

whicli otKers have misunderstood or misrepresented. It is mucli 
to be wished that those who have undertaken to criticise the spirit 
and manner of Lachmann's remarks, would, as a measure of even- 
handed justice, bestow a due and fully-expressed condemnation 
on the mis-statements, misrepresentations, and unseemly language 
of those who set themselves up to be his censors. 

Lachmann's edition and its critical principles may be discussed 
without any of these unbecoming accessories ; and praise and dis- 
praise may be meted out according to the measure of what is 
judged to be due. It would be well for those who take the place 
of judgment to remember the words of Bishop Marsh : "Critical 
editions are intended only for men who are acquainted with the 
subject : and those, who are ignorant of it, should be initiated in 
the science, before they presume to form a judgment." (Marsh's 
Michaelis, ij., p. 887.) Lachmann did not object to intelligent dis- 
cussion of his plans and principles, although he was not willing to 
be set down as a rash and ill-informed editor. 

The simple truth is, that Lachmann's text was looked on as a 
kind of WHOLESALE INNOVATION, and this was enough to give 
offence to the whole generation of adherents of what they had 
traditionally received. Much might have been done by a simple 
and. full exposition of his plan and object ; but Lachmann unfor- 
tunately neglected at the first to do this ; and afterwards, in re- 
membering how Bengel was treated a century ago, he abstained 
from replying to his censors, well knowing how fruitless such a 
labour had been in the case of that critic. 

Let any objections be raised to the plan, let inconsistencies be 
pointed out in the execution, let corrections of varied kinds be 
suggested, still the fact will remain, that the first Greek Tes- 
tament^ since the invention of printing^ edited wholly on ancient 
authority^ irrespective of modern traditions^ is due to Chakles 
Lachmann. 

It is in vain to call such a labour " wholesale innovation," or 
to say that it manifests " want of reverence for Holy Scripture" ; 
for it is not innovation to revert to the first sources, it is not irre- 
verence for the text of God's word to give it forth on the best 
and most attested basis. It is not cancelling words and sentences 
when they are not inserted, because the oldest and best authori- 



114 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

ties know nothing of them. Honest criticism has to do with 
facts as they are^ with evidence as it has been transmitted, and 
not with some subjective notion in our own minds of what is true 
and right, — a notion which has no better basis than recent, ill- 
grounded tradition. 

The pains which Lachmann took in editing the Latin version 
of Jerome, subjoined to his Greek text, deserves more notice than 
can be given to it in this place. The principal authorities were 
the Codices Fuldensis (collated by himself and Buttmann) and 
Amiatinus (or Laurentianus) at Florence : of this unhappily he 
had only the very incorrect collation published by Fleck. With 
some other aid from MSS., he revised the whole of the version of 
Jerome ; and although it requires no small measure of application 
and attention fully to understand the authorities as given (when 
they are mentioned), and though at first sight it may be difficult 
to know precisely what the Codex Fuldensis itself reads, — yet in 
result Lachmann's recension of the Latin New Testament of 
Jerome is of great value, and worthy of the labour bestowed. In 
the Prolegomena to his second volume he says that he had in- 
tended to give the means of forming a more accurate judgment of 
the manner in which the Gospels are arranged in a kind of com- 
bined narrative in the Codex Fuldensis, but the want of interest 
in the revision of the Latin text, which he had found (he says) 
to be general, induced him to desist. Perhaps his Latin text 
would have been more valued if he had subjoined to it the varia- 
tions of the Clementine Vulgate ; for then it would have been 
at once visible to the reader how much had been done for its 
emendation on MS. authority. Some, however, who were by no 
means disposed to bestow too much praise on Lachmann, appre- 
ciated this part of his work. Mr. Scrivener (Supplement to the 
EngHsh Version, p. 25) says of the attention paid by Lachmann 
to the Latin translations, that on them "he has bestowed such 
diligent care as entitles him to the gratitude of the biblical 
student." 

Lachmann's punctuation of the Greek text must not pass un- 
noticed ; for he took great pains to improve it ; and though 
minute punctuation is rarely of very much importance (because 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 115 

passages in general are not ambiguous in their connection), yet 
all care should be taken so to place the pauses as to render them 
subservient to the sense, or, at all events so as not to contradict it, 
or hinder it from being apprehended. This part of Lachmann's 
edition was deservedly commended by Tischendorf, who in other 
things was not too lavish in his praises : "In latino pariter atque 
in graeco edendo textu, ille primus quod sciam eiusmodi inter- 
punctionem adhibuit quae et intellectui textus prodesset et antiqui 
sermonis conveniret rationi."* 

However little of real appreciation Lachmann met with, and 
however much there was to discourage him, from the manner in 
which his labours were received, he looked to a different judg- 
ment from scholars of another generation. He says in the last 
sentence of the Prolegomena to his second volume, " I may be 
allowed to hope that my object, undertaken with diligence and 
with confidence of Divine aid, and brought to a completion to 
the best of my ability, will be approved by posterity from the 
utility being known, more than has been the case from this age."t 
Had Lachmann always been thus moderate in his hopes, he would 
have been saved from some deep disappointments ; but probably 
the manner in which he found that he was misapprehended caused 
him gradually to be less sanguine in his expectations-^ 

* Proleg. in Cod. Amiat., p. xxiij. 

t " Mihi quidem sperare licet fore ut consilia nostra, alacriter et cum opis divinae 
fiducia suscepta, et pro viribus nostris ad finem perducta, utilitate cognita a posteris 
magis quam ab hoc saeculo probentur ; qui si nos operam pie" ac modeste collocasse 
iudicabunt, tantum nobis quantum a mortalibus expectari possit nacti esse vide- 
bimur." 

X For two reasons have I sought to give a clear and comprehensible notion of 
Lachmann's text and the principles on which it is formed : i. because of the mis- 
apprehensions which stiU exist as to the plan ; and ij. because of the points of simi- 
larity to what I believe to be the true prLuciples of editing the sacred text : so that if 
I did not give Lachmann full credit for what he has done, I might seem to claim an 
originality to which I have no title. 

As to the Jlrst point, some may say that they learn nothing from what I have stated 
above, that they have not been able to gather for themselves from Lachmann's papers 
in the Studien und Kritiken, and from the introductory pages of his Prolegomena. 
If so, I am glad that such readers have paid more close attention than most have 
done ; for the fact is plain that Lachmann's plan has not been generally understood ; 
for else the extensive misrepresentations would have been impossible. 

And as to the second point, I intend elsewhere to give (as I have often done already 
in print) a statement of the particulars in which I differ from Lachmann as to criti- 
cal principles, and also of the entirely different path through which I arrived at some- 



IIG AN ACCOUNT OP THE PRINTED TEXT 



§ 12.— TISCHENDORF'S EDITIONS. 

The first of the editions published by Professor Tisciiendorf, 
of Leipsic, appeared in 1841, in a small volume, containing the 
text, some of tlie authorities, and Prolegomena, partly explaining 

what tlie same results. The similarity is sufficient to make me feel desirous of not 
claiming anything which is not my own : — a thing of which Lachmann when living 
would have been the last to accuse me. Lachmann it was who first entered the 
domain of textual criticism, in the direction and through the channel of access, which 
Bentley pointed out a hundred and twenty years before. 

I do not wish to overlook the points on which Lachmann's plan and its execution 
were capable of amendment, nor do I desire to conceal them from others ; but I do 
wish to protest against the arbitrary manner in which censors have condemned him 
without a hearing^ without taking the pains to know the facts of the case. It is easy 
to speak of his " daring and mistaken theory " (Scrivener's Supplement, p. 30), to say 
that he "unfairly insinuates" that the "received text" is adhered to from mere 
traditional feeling (ib., p. 32) : — for the real questions still remain behind, " What 
is the evidence which we possess as to the actual text of the New Testament in the 
earliest ages? " and, "How can we reasonably suppose that readings are ancient, when 
they not only have no ancient vouchers, but all the ancient witnesses contradict 
them?" 

Some have taken offence at Lachmann's " tone and manner " : no doubt he did 
speak strongly of mistakes and ignorance on the part of those whose pretensions were 
high ; some of his expressions might be rather rough ; but he spoke of his own mis- 
takes in terms quite as severe ; thus, if he made a mere oversight, he did not speak of 
it as unimportant ; it was pudenda negligentia : and if any think it remarkable that 
he should have sometimes spoken of his censors in strong terms, let such suspend 
their expressions of condemnation until they have read and tvell considered the mis- 
statements, the perverse arguments, the uncourteous and reproachful language em- 
ployed by the censors themselves. I own that I have but little patience with those 
who direct their attention exclusively to the manner in which an assailed person 
repels an attack, and have their eyes wholly blind as to the attack itself, and the tone 
and manner in which it is made. True fairness would lead us to say that even if 
there be something reprehensible in the mode of defence, )et the assault itself merits 
far more strong condemnation. Bentley's observations on a similar subject in the 
Preface to his Dissertation on Phalaris are well worthy of remembrance: "I will 
" here crave the reader's leave to make one general apology for anything either in my 
" Dissertation or my Defence of it, that may seem too severe. I desire but this favoxu* 
" or justice rather, that he would suppose my case to be his own : and then if he will 
" say sincerely, that he should have answered so many calumnies with fewer marks 
" of resentment, I am content to lie under his censure. But it's a difficult thing, for 
" a person unconcerned, and out of the reach of harm, to be a fair arbitrator here. 
" He will be apt to think the injured party too angry; because he cannot have as 
" great a passion in seeing the ill usage, as the other has in feeling it. . . . 'Twas an 
"excellent saying of Solon's, and worthy of the wisest of the famous Seven; who 
" when he was asked, n<os r)Kiara a^iKouv oi avOpoinQi ; What tvould Hd the ivorld of in- 



OF THE GKEEK NEW TESTAMENT. 117 

the principles adopted by the editor, and partly discussing (toge- 
ther with some other subjects) the different systems of recensions 
brought forward, with an especial reference to the theories of 
Scholz, and the manner in which his Greek Testament was edited. 
In many respects, it was at once evident that Lachmann's 
smaller edition (1831) had exercised a considerable influence on 



"Jitries ? If the ht/standers, says he, would have the same resentment tcith those that 
" suffer the lorong ; 'El bfiow? olx^olvto toZs dStKoujaeVocs ot /«.)/ dSiKov/aevot. If tlie reader will 
" but follow that great man's advice, and have an equal sense of my ill-usage as if it 
*' had fallen upon himself, I dare then challenge him to think, if he can, that I have 
" used too much severity." (Dyce's edition, i., p. xlviij.) 

But perhaps Lachmann, after aU, treated his censors with moderation. Just as 
GalQeo had to do with inquisitors who wandered into the domain of facts in science, 
so Lachmann fell into the hands of reviewers who thought themselves competent to 
express a judgment on facts in grammar. And thus when he spoke of Iva 806077 (Rev. 
viii. 3, of the common text) as being the subjunctive future (coniunctivum futuri 
temporis), a reviewer castigated him for his ignorance that there was no such tense 
as the subjunctive future (" das futurum hat ja keinen conjunctiv ") : that is to say, 
the existence of such a tense lay as much beyond the limits of his grammatical appre- 
hension, as the motion of the earth was beyond the philosophical knowledge of the 
inquisitors. And yet facts vemain facts: if (as Pascal says) phenomena prove that 
the earth does move, all inquisitorial decrees can neither keep it from moving, nor 
themselves from moving along with it : if there are subjunctive futures actually used 
by Greek authors, all the decrees of reviewers cannot annihilate them ; and if writers 
of grammars do not recognise such forms, they only show that there is something in the 
flexion of the Greek verb more extended than their rules and examples. Grammati- 
cal forms are not used by authors because they had anterior existence in grammars ; 
but grammars ought to recognise and explain forms, because of their actual existence 
and use. Galileo was treated by the inquisitors as if he had been responsible for 
making the earth move, and as if it had previously obeyed their dogmas and stood 
stni: just so critics have been condemned as if they had invented the various readings 
of which they show the existence ; and Lachmann was even held responsible by his 
reviewers for the fact that a certain tense is found in books, of which some grammars 
make no mention. Would such censors deny that IVa Swotj does occur in Eev. viii. 3, 
of the common text, and that /cav^rjo-wjaai is found in 1 Cor. xiii. 3? And if these forms 
exist, why may no one say tohat part of the verbs they are, without fear of censure, 
and without being liable to condemnation for pointing out the narrow limits of in- 
quisitorial circumspicienee ? 

It is a kind of misfortune for such a man as Lachmann to fall into the hands of 
reviewers whose knowledge was so much less than his, and who thought that nothing 
could exist beyond the horizon of their on^n vision. Lachmann asked not that he 
might be followed as a leader, but that what he had performed might be examined 
and weighed ; and then, as need might be, approved, corrected, and enlarged. " Id 
praecipue officio meo contineri existimavi, ut adulescentes probos et candidos, in 
quorum studiis fortuna ac spes ecclesiae et litterarum posita est, ea docerem quae 
multo labore et anxia sedulitate quaesita viderer mihi quam verissima repperisse ; non 
ut illi me tanquam ducem sectarentur aut in his quae tradidissem adquiescerent, sed 
singula ut ipsi investigarent, investigata perpenderent, perpensa probarent corrigerent 
augerent." 



118 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

tlie mind of Tisclicndorf, in leading him often to adopt readings 
on ancient authority : there was, however, throughout the edition 
a considerable fluctuation. Indeed, as Tischendorf's labours as a 
collator were subsequent to the appearance of this edition, and as 
in the course of years his critical principles became more definitely 
formed, it is useless to recur to this first edition as though it could 
be regarded as containing Tischendorf's text: it merely occupies 
a place in the history of the printed editions.* 

The next editions which Tischendorf superintended were tliree 
which appeared at Paris, in 1842. One of these had the Latin 
Vulgate in a parallel column, and in this the Greek text was con- 
formed to the Clementine Vulgate, whenever this could be done 
on any ]\IS. authority whatever. At the end, a table was given 
of the variations of Stephens's third edition, and Griesbach's 
second, from this peculiar recension of the Greek text. There 
was a smaller edition, containing the same Greek text as that just 
described, but without the Latin or the table of variations. And 
besides these, there was one which generally accorded in text with 
tliat which had appeared at Leipsic in. the preceding year ; no 
critical apparatus was subjoined ; but, at the end, the variations of 
Stephens, Elzevir, and Griesbach, were appended. This edition 
was not corrected by Tischendorf himself, and it seems to have 
been executed very inaccurately. 

In 1849 appeared Tischendorf's second Leipsic edition ; the 
one in which the text is given as he judged that it ought to be 
revised. It exhibits a recension of the Greek text, with a selec- 
tion of various readings — the result not merely of the labours of 
previous collators, but especially those of the editor himself, during 
the years which had elapsed since the appearance of his first 
edition. 

* One of tbe most curious descriptions of Tischendorf's plan and object is that 
given by Mr. Scrivener : "A desperate effoi't has recently been made by Tischendorf 
(Nov. Test. Lips. 1841) to retrieve llie credit of Griesbach's theory, or at least to vin- 
dicate the principal changes which he introduced into the text of Scripture (e. g. Matt, 
vi. 13 ; John vii. 8 ; Acts xx. 28 ; 1 Tim. iii. 16)." (Supplement to Eng. Vers., p. 30.) 
"Griesbach's theory^'' apparently can only apply to recensions^ as to which Tischen- 
dorf had nothing in common with him ; and as to the passages specified (in three at 
least of them), the preponderating ancient evidence was valued alike by Griesbach 
and Tischendorf (as well as others) and hence identity of reading. In fact, Mr. Scri- 
vener goes on to show that so far from Tischendorf having made a desperate cflfort to 
upliold Griesbach, his text is of a very different complexion. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 119 

Prefixed tliere are Prolegomena, in which many subjects are 
discussed — his own labours in the collation and transcribing of 
MSS.; the critical principles which he now adopted; the dialect 
of the Greek New Testament; the subject of recensions, etc. 

In giving an account of what he had himself done, it becomes 
evident that the results could not be comprised in a manual edi- 
tion, such as this was. It was therefore necessary to adopt some 
principle, or plan of selection; and this was done by often giving 
the authorities which support his text, and also those which he 
considered to merit notice. The manner in which he acted as to 
this was very briefly explained in a note (p. xj.). The authorities 
are cited with such brevity, that it requires a very considerable 
degree of attention for the reader fully and quickly to observe what 
authorities support^ and what oppose, the readings mentioned. In 
the Acts, Epistles, and Kevelation, the readings are given less 
sparingly than in the Gospels. To many, an edition which pre- 
sented the full results of Tischendorf 's extended labours, would 
have been far more useful and acceptable than any mere manual 
could be. 

The following are the principles laid down by Tischendorf for 
the formation of his text: — 

" The text is only to be sought from ancient evidence, and 
especially from Greek MSS., but without neglecting the testimo- 
nies of versions and fathers. Thus the whole conformation of the 
text should proceed from the evidences themselves^ and not from 
what is called the received edition." 

In this sound and important rule, Lachmann's fundamental 
principle is adopted. What the inspired authors actually wrote, 
is a matter of testimony ; the ancient evidences which have been 
transmitted to us present us with the best-accredited grounds on 
which we can form a judgment. Tischendorf then adds, that, 
where testimonies difler, the most ancient Greek MSS. deserve 
especial reliance. Under the term, "Codices Grseci antiquissimi," 
he includes the documents from the fourth to about the ninth 
century. This limit is, however, pretty wide ; and these MSS. 
themselves he would classify according to their age. This, \i fully 
carried out, would present several important features in the his- 
tory of the text ; for it would show a gradual change from the 



120 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

most ancient documents of all, until such readings become general 
as are almost identical with the mass of modern copies. 

But, although Tischendorf carries down his " most ancient 
]\ISS." as far as the ninth century, he adds, that the authority of 
the older among them is much the greater : and that this autho- 
rity, on the one hand, is greatly confirmed if there are corrobo- 
rating testimonies of versions and fathers ; and on the other hand, 
it is not to be rejected, even though most, or all, of the more 
modern copies read differently. 

In discussing the early rise of various readings, Tischendorf 
speaks (p. xiij.) of the want of reverence for "the written letter," 
on the part of the early Christians, and this he considers to be the 
cause of some of the variations. The fact of such want of reve- 
rence may, however, be doubted, and of course the consequence 
drawn from the supposed fact would then fall to the ground. For 
Iren^us shows us what the early Christians thought and felt as to 
the text of Scripture : in discussing the various reading which, 
even in his day, had found its way into the text of Rev. xiii. 18 
(616 for QQQ), he speaks positively as to the point that the true 
reading is 666 ; a fact which he learned from those who had 
known the apostle John face to face : and then he alludes to those 
who had introduced the reading 616, an erroneous number, which 
he was willing to suppose to have originated in transcriptural 
error — " We think that pardon will be granted by God to those 
who have done this simply and without malice." He would have 
used very different language, had he supposed that indifference 
existed as to the words and letters of Holy Scripture. It is far 
more in accordance with what we know, to attribute the early 
origin of various readings in the New Testament to the ordi- 
nary causes, which must have operated all the more rapidly, 
from the frequency with which the Scriptures were transcribed, 
for the use of individuals and Christian communities in the first 
ages. 

In addition to the principle of following ancient testimonies 
entirely, Tischendorf lays down certain rules, which he adopts in 
weighing authorities : — 

i. A reading altogether peculiar to one or another ancient docu- 
ment is suspicious ; as also is any, even if supported by a class of 



OP THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 121 

documents, whicli seems to evince that it has originated in the 
revision of a learned man. 

ij. Headings, however well supported by evidence, are to be 
rejected, when it is manifest (or very probable) that they have 
proceeded from the errors of copyists. 

iij. In parallel passages, whether of the New or Old Testament, 
especially in the synoptical Gospels, which ancient copyists conti- 
nually brought into increased accordance, those testimonies are pre- 
ferable, in which precise accordance of such parallel passages is not 
found; unless, indeed, there are important reasons to the contrary. 

iv. In discrepant readings, that should be preferred which may 
have given occasion to the rest, or which appears to comprise the 
elements of the others. 

V. Those readings must be maintained which accord with New 
Testament Greek, or with the particular style of each individual 
writer. 

These rules are then illustrated by examples and remarks; and, 
in point of fact, the application of critical principles needs just 
as much tact, as is required in laying them down with accuracy. 

On the Jirst of these rules Tischendorf says, that, especially in 
the Gospels, where the uncial MSS. are several in number, it 
would be incautious to receive a reading into the text on the 
authority of but one MS., unless such reading be in some mea- 
sure corroborated. To this it may be said, that it seems unlikely 
that, in the Gospels, it would be needful to rely on but one MS., 
unless, in such a place, many of the leading authorities are defec- 
tive, or unless the passage present a remarkable discrepancy of 
reading, Tischendorf would apparently introduce this latter limi- 
tation. He gives as an example of this rule Mark ii. 22, where, 
instead of the common reading, o olvo^i lic')(eiTai kcli ol daKol airo- 
Xovvrai, he reads, 6 olvo^ airoXXvTat kuI ol aaKoL This reading 
he adopts as being that of the Vatican MS., though he would not 
have received it, as resting on that single testimony, had it not 
also been the reading of the Coptic (Memphitic) version. He 
considers that, in the copies in general, this passage has been cor- 
rupted from the parallel places in the other Gospels. It must 
also be considered that, in this passage, the Vatican MS. receives 
partial confirmation from other authorities. The following words 



122 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

(dWa olvov veov ek aaKov^ /cacvov^ /SX'rjTeov) lie omits, on the au- 
thority of D and four ancient Latin copies, considering that they 
were introduced from the parallel passages. In such cases as 
these, the great weight which attaches to the direct and united 
eTidence of all the other most ancient documents must be borne 
in mind ; and this must be weighed against the evidence of the 
few witnesses, and the presumption arising from the known fact, 
that parallel passages were so often brought into closer agreement. 
Tischcndorf says, that he has often paused in doubt in such cases, 
as to what reading he should insert in his text ; and this difficulty 
may have been especially felt by him, as he does not indicate 
probable or not improbable readings in his margin. 

In cases in which particular MSS. appear to be partial to parti- 
cular tenses of verbs, or modes of expression, Tischendorf would 
use his first rule, as excluding such readings from being received, 
simply on the authority of such MSS. He would exclude any 
reading which may seem to have arisen from a recension (that is, 
critical revision) by a learned man. He specifies Matt. xxv. 16, as 
an instance; where he rejects the reading ifcipSrjcrev, though sup- 
ported by A** B C D L, and other MSS., the Yulgate, copies of 
the old Latin, Syriac, later Syriac in the margin, Memphitic, 
JEthiopic, and Armenian versions.* In spite of all this evidence, 
he considers that it must be regarded as a critical emendation for 
the common reading eiroi7]aev. But as to this, must we not follow 
evidence ? If etcephr]o-ev be a critical correction, is it not strange 
that it should be supported so strongly by the best and most 
ancient MSS. in a body, and that this should be confirmed by the 
versions? Tischendorf, indeed, admits that this critical correction 
(if such it be), is as old as the second or tJdrd century : if so, 
how can we prove this reading not to be genuine? or how can we 
show the manner in which the reading iirolrjaev (if genuine) had 
been transmitted through the early period of the history of the 
text? In this passage, Tischendorf has not stated the authorities 
for the reading which he has adopted. It may be further asked, 
whether a copyist might not have changed the more appropriate 
term eKepBrjorev into the more familiar 67roLr](T€v? 

* To tlietc the i\rt\bic aud Persic might be added, if they posseiised (which they do 
)iot) ani/ critical value as authorities. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 123 

As to his second rule, Tiscliendorf fully admits tliat it must 
often be a matter of doubt whether a reading which appears to 
have arisen from the error of a copyist, really did so or not. Many 
things which would strike an inexperienced reader as transcrip- 
tural errors are in fact not such, but true and genuine readings. 
As to the confusion of similar words really arising from this 
source, Tischendorf gives some good examples. Many readings, 
which some (Tischendorf as well as others) would attribute to the 
errors of transcribers, are, I doubt not, really genuine ; and before 
a well-attested reading be rejected as utterly devoid of sense, the 
whole passage must be well and cautiously considered ; and then 
it will commonly be found that the reading in which the ancient 
authorities agree, affords a sense, which, though perhaps not ob- 
vious at first, is good; and that, so far from its being attributable 
to the error of a transcriber, it must be considered as genuine, and 
that the more apparently simple reading is only an attempt at 
correction. 

Tischendorf illustrates his third xvXq by Matt, xxiii. 4, where he 
omits Kol hvorfSdaTaKra after pupea with L and a few later MSS. 
and some versions : this he does because the common text agrees 
with the reading of the parallel passage in Luke. This place is, 
however, hardly a full illustration of the rule with regard to parallel 
texts in the synoptical Gospels ; because here the amount of evi- 
dence for the retention of the words in Matthew is too consider- 
able for it to be set aside at once by the application of a principle, 
not universal but only of frequent use. Indeed in all such cases, 
it is surely needful j^r^^ to examine the evidence, and then to 
compare the parallel passages : a judgment must be formed as to 
probabilities, when it cannot be as to certainties. 

In the case of parallel texts cited from the Old Testament, 
Tischendorf states that he has continually used the collations in 
the Oxford edition of the LXX. by Holmes and Parsons. In this 
manner it may be better understood how much has been done 
by the later copyists in amplifying the Old Testament citations ; 
for the additions are not unfrequently in accordance with some of 
the later MSS. of the LXX. 

The fourth rule — that the reading should be preferred from 
which the others have sprung — is described as being (if taken in 



124 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

a wide sense) the principle of all rales. In support of this, re- 
ference is made to Griesbacli's Prolegomena. Its apj)licatio7i will, 
however, depend very mucli on the subjective feeling of each one 
wlio uses it. Tiscliendorf gives as an illustration Matt. xxiv. 38, 
where the common reading is ev rat? r)fu,€paL<; TaL<^ irpo rod Kara- 
KkvcTfJLov ; some MSS. insert eKeivai^ after rffiepac'^, while others 
(L, one Lectionary, three Latin MSS., and Origen twice) omit 
raU TTpo, and this latter form of the text is followed by Tisclien- 
dorf He thinks it far more probable that the original reading 
was "days of the flood," and that the others have arisen out of it. 
He considers that some copyists or critics thought that it was 
hardly correct to say " they were eating and drinking in the days 
of the flood," and hence (he supposes) originated the reading 
" that were before the flood." This might possibly be the source 
of this reading ; but is not the evidence too great in favour of the 
reading " that were before the flood," for this consideration and 
this measure of evidence to suffice to overturn it ? The words 
Tal<; TTpb might most easily be passed over by a transcriber ; and 
as to the citation of Origen, how often do we not find a quotation 
slightly abridged, when nothing in the argument turns on the 
omitted words ? As to the term " days of the flood," being not 
strictly correct to express days that preceded the flood, the asser- 
tion seems to me to go rather too far ; the days preceding the 
flood, up to and including that on w^bich the flood came, might 
be so called ; so that if this had been the original expression of 
the text, the idea of correcting it would hardly be sufficient to 
account for the introduction of the words Tal<; irpo, so as to make 
it " before the flood." 

In the other passage which is given as an illustration of this 
fourth rule — Mark viii. 26 — there are much stronger grounds ; for 
here /jirjSe et9 ttjv kco/jltjv elaeXdy^;, icithout the words which follow 
them in the common text, is the reading supported by B L, two 
later MSS. and the ]\Icmphitic version. Other authorities intro- 
duce a great variety of reading, all of which may easily have 
sprung from that which Tiscliendorf has adopted ; the common 
text has, however, considerable support. 

In cases such as those which Tischendorf here discusses, the 
principle laid down by Bengel, ProcUvi scriptioni prcestat ardua., 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 125 

deserves a very prominent place : for in amplified readings it is 
often apparent that an endeavour is made by different documents 
to avoid a difficulty by different paths. Here too should be con- 
sidered and remembered the habitual tendency of copyists to 
am-plify what was before them. 

Tischendorf gives some remarks on adhering to the forms, etc., 
of the New Testament Greek — \k\Q fifth of the rules which he laid 
down ; the subject, however is (as he says) too extensive to be 
taken up in a mere passing way. The forms which have been 
called Alexandrian have been by some rejected as spurious when 
they occur in MSS. of the New Testament, although their ex- 
istence in the LXX. version of the Old Testament has been main- 
tained. Now, when the New Testament was written, Alexandrian 
Greek was very widely diffused, and in many things the LXX. 
formed the style, etc., of the apostolic writings. And also, 
although the copies of the LXX. in common use are replete with 
these forms, while the common text of the New Testament is 
without them, this does not prove any contradistinction ; because 
the LXX. has been printed from ancient MSS., and the New 
Testament from modern. The ancient copies of the New Testa- 
ment contain these forms, the modern MSS. of the LXX. (as shown 
in the various readings of Holmes and Parsons) do not ; so that in 
this respect there is a general agreement between the MS. autho- 
rities. And thus Tischendorf says, " The authorities on which we 
rely in the Old Testament may be safely followed in the New. 
Further, if it be thought that the Alexandrian grammarians were 
prone to transform to their OAvn peculiarities the works which 
they received from elsewhere, it would be indeed wonderful that 
they have not changed ^schylus or Sophocles, Plato or Aris- 
totle into Egyptiansy * This argument is excellent ; and on two 
points very conclusive : 1st, that the occurrence of Alexandrian 
forms in a MS. of the New Testament does not prove Egypt to be 
the country of such a MSS. as to its origin ; 2nd, that such forms 



* " Hine quibus testibus in Veteri Testamento fidem habemus, eosdem in Novo sequi 
tutum est. Ceterum si grammatici alexandrini potissimum hoc egisse putandi essent, 
vit quae aliunde accepissent scripta ad suam ipsorum eonsuetudinem transformarent, 
profecto mirum asset quod non Aeschylum vel Sophoclem, Platonem vel Aristotelem 
aequo ac sacros scriptores reddiderunt aegyptios."— Proleg., xix. 



126 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

being generally found in tlie older MSS. of the New Testament 
may be safely followed (wlien properly attested) as belonging to 
tlie books as they proceeded from tlie bands of tbe authors. 
Tiscliendorf tlien gives an enumeration of some of tbese forms: 
with tliis subject lie connects notices of some ortbograpliical 
peculiarities of ancient MSS. One of tbe points of wbicb he 
treats is the entire rejection of the form avrov, and those which 
flow from it ; like Bengel, Lachmann, and some other editors, he 
always gives avrov, etc., with the smooth breathing. This is a 
point on which the most ancient MSS., as having neither breath- 
ings nor accents (at least a prima manu), can afford us no direct aid : 
they can, however, assist us indirectly; because we find before 
avTov the pronouns elided, not into e^', a^\ A^e^', Ka6\ av6\ hut 
eV, air , At-er , /car , avr \ — this is also the case in the LXX. 

It may be added on the subject of Alexandrian forms, that here 
too we must be guided simply by evidence; it can hardly be ex- 
pected that there was precise uniformity in the original autographs 
of the New Testament as to dialectic distinctions ; and therefore, 
Avhile fully owning the admissibility of these forms when well 
supported, in each occurrence of such a form the evidence must 
be weighed which belongs to that particular case. 

These remarks will suffice to show what Tiscliendorf 's general 
plan is in the formation of his text : he acknowledges the para- 
mount importance of ancient authority ; but he admits many 
modifications, which might, in application^ interfere materially 
with the continual recurrence to the oldest class of documents. 
Tiscliendorf 's general principle (which is that of Lachmann rather 
differently expressed) may be used yet more Avidely than it has 
been by him ; and the true text should be sought in the most 
ancient MSS., using the collateral aid of versions and early cita- 
tions, — all modifying rules being subjected to the claims of absolute 
evidence. The application of such modifying rules should be re- 
stricted to passages in which the real conflict of evidence is great. 
In many cases, indeed, the balance of probabilities is all that can 
be stated ; and thus, besides the reading given in the text, it may 
be needful to mention others as possessing a strong claim to atten- 
tion. 

One of the subjects of which Tischendorf treats is that of Re- 



OF THE GREEK NEAY TESTAMENT. 127 

censions of the text, a subject wliicli renders it needful to discuss 
tlie principle of twofold division stated by Bengel, tbe modifica- 
tions of Semler, the ordered system of Griesbach, and the refined 
theory of Hug, of which the most fanciful part was the supposed 
recension undertaken by Origen ; the whole supposition of which 
was a creation of the imagination. 

The facts of the case (as has been already intimated) are simply 
these, that the ancient documents may be considered as one family, 
possessed of many features in common, and the more recent are 
another family. The former of these classes (although differing 
among themselves in many particulars) have a general agreement, 
and these for the most part are also found in the more ancient 
versions, and in the citations of the earlier writers. The later 
MSS. agree amongst themselves more habitually than the most 
ancient do, and these MSS. are supported in their readings by 
the more rece?z^ versions. The Greek MSS. from the 12th century 
and onward, present a marked agreement in many passages, in 
which the most ancient are very different ; and this is the most 
recent form of the text. The absolute agreement of the mass of 
the recent copies, of which many have spoken, as though it were 
an evidence of the truth of the text which they contain, is an 
over statement; for the recent MSS. have tlieir own peculiar varia- 
tions from each other in particulars, in which all ancient evidence 
opposes them. 

On these facts of the case, Tischendorf proposes his classifi- 
cation, which is (he says) applicable especially to the Gospels, 
least of all to the Apocalypse, and more so to the Acts and the 
Pauline Epistles than to the Catholic Epistles. He thinks that 
the documents vnay admit of a fourfold division, which might 
receive the names of Alexandrian and Latin, Asiatic and Byzan- 
tine, not as being four separate classes, but rather two pairs: the 
first pair would comprehend the more ancient documents, the 
latter the more recent. But the line of demarcation would often 
be extremely faint, if the attempt were made definitely to mark 
out what should belong to each of these supposed classes. For it 
may be questioned how far an actual classification of MSS. (to say 
nothing now of any other authorities) is practicable beyond the 
distinction of the ancient and the more recent; subdiA^sions no 



128 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

doubt exist ; and thus there are general truths on which Tischen- 
dorf 's arrangement is based. Thus, in St. Paul's Epistles, ABC 
might belong to one division^ and D (with E) F G to another, of 
the same general class; wliile J K, on the one hand, and many 
MSS. later than the twelfth century on the other, may be con- 
sidered as divisions of the other class. "Wliatever truth there be 
in theories of this kind, their importance is greater in connection 
with the gradual modernisation of the text, than with the establish- 
ment of the ancient and original readings : and if the term recen- 
sion be used at all, let it at least be confined entirely to those 
attempts to correct the ancient text out of which the modern 
readings have arisen. 

It should be stated that Tischendorf does not allow his theories 
on recensions to influence his judgment in the application of his 
critical rides; for such theories, if true, arc not the basis on which 
a judgment must be formed, but are a part of the conclusions 
arrived at from data pre^^ously ascertained. 

It has been stated above, that Tischendorf 's second Leipsic 
edition was the result of his own extensive collations of ancient 
MSS. since the appearance of his first. Since the publication of 
that edition he had himself copied or collated almost every known 
IMS. which exists in uncial letters. He states that he has himself 
examined every one of these documents, except H of the Gospels 
at Hamburg ; Y of the Gospels and K of the Epistles at Moscow ; 
the Codex San-germanensis at St. Petersburg ; and (of those 
whose text had been published) the fragments P Q at Wolfen- 
blittel, Z at Dublin, and A at St. Gallon. The travels during 
which Tischendorf was closely occupied in these collations ex- 
tended from 1840 to 1844.* 

As to the ancient versions, Tischendorf himself copied the most 
valuable Codex Amiatinus of Jerome's version (which he has 
since published), and he also transcribed and collated himself 
some other Latin authorities ; the text of some of these he has 
also published. For the versions in other languages besides the 

* A del ailed account of what Tischendorf did in copjing and collating MSS. is 
Riven in several successive parts of the Wiener Jalirbiichcr, 1847, etc. (Anzeigcblatt). 
For an enumeration of the texts of MSS. published b)- Tischendorf, see the Appendix 
to this section. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 129 

Latin Ke was Tinder the necessity of depending on tlie extracts 
made by others. 

TKe text of Tischendorf, in many places, accords with. tKat of 
Lachmann, where both, differ from the common text : this has 
arisen from the fact that Tischendorf followed Lachmann in ascrib- 
ing a high value to ancient authorities. Where Tischendorf differs 
from Lachmann he commonly follows some others of the ancient 
documents. In such points it is almost impossible to exclude some 
measure of subjective feeling. 



APPENDIX TO SECTION 12. 

THE GREEK MSS. THE TEXT OF WHICH HAS BEEN 
PUBLISHED. 

No right estimate could be formed of the industrious labours of Professor 
Tischendorf, unless the texts which he has published were definitely men- 
tioned. A complete list of the MSS. which have thus been rendered accessible to 
critics is, therefore, given, in order to bring the whole subject at once into view ; 
some of the particulars have already been noticed in the preceding pages. 

In 1715, Hearne published at Oxford the Greek and Latin Codex Laudianus 
(E) of the Acts of the Apostles. 

In the same year the Coislin fragments of St. Paul's Epistles (H) were 
published by Montfaucon in his Bibliotheca Coisliniana. 

The palimpsest fragments of two MSS. of the Gospels (P and Q) at 
Wolfenbiittel, were published by Knittel in 1762. 

In 1786, the New Testament portion of the Codex Alexandrinus was pub- 
lished under the editorial care of Woide. 

In 1789, Giorgi edited at Rome the Greek and Thebaic fragments (T) of 
St. John's Gospel. 

Matthaei published, in 1791, the Greek and Latin Codex Boemerianus (G) 
of St. Paul's Epistles. 

In 1793, Kipling edited the text of the Greek and Latin Codex Bezae (D) 
of the Gospels and Acts. 

In 1801, Dr. Barrett edited the Dublin palimpsest of St. Matthew's Gospel 
(Z) at Dublin; all that was then legible was published in facsimile en- 
graving. [As to this MS., see the Appendix to Section 13.] 

10 



130 AN ACCOUNT OP THE PKINTED TEXT 

In 1836, the Greek and Latin Codex San-gallensis (A) of the Gospels was 
lithographed in facsimile under the editorial care of Rettig. 

This was the state of the case when Tischendorf began to publish his edi- 
tions of the text of MS S. 

The first which appeared was the Codex Ephraemi (C), a palimpsest con- 
taining about two-thirds of the New Testament. The original writing had 
been in a great measure restored by a chemical application ("tinctura Giober- 
tina"), and thus much was legible which had previously been wholly hidden. 
This edition of the New Testament fragments appeared in 1843. The Old 
Testament fragments were similarly published in 1845. 

In 1846, Tischendorf edited in one volume several MSS. and fragments; 
this work (" Monumenta Sacra Inedita") contained the following texts : — 

L of the Gospels, a very valuable MS. at Paris ; the readings of which 
(though it does not appear to be actually older than the eighth century) pre- 
sent a general accordance with the most ancient MSS. 

The Basilian MS. of the Apocalypse (now in the Vatican) ; a MS. the 
readings of which were previously but little knowm : this is one of the three 
ancient copies containing the book of Revelation. 

Three fragments, J N T, of great antiquity; which appear to be cer- 
tainly parts of the same MS., though now so scattered and dispersed that four 
of these leaves are in the British Museum, two in the Imperial Library at 
Vienna, and six in the Vatican. 

Besides these, the volume contains the text of the more recent fragments 
W Y and F*^. 

In 1852, Tischendorf published the Codex Claromontanus (D) of St. Paul's 
Epistles in Greek and Latin, from the transcripts and collations of himself and 
Tregelles; this is the most important of all the Greek texts which he has 
edited except the Codex Ephraemi. 

This list of published MSS. shows at once for how much we are indebted 
to Tischendorf: he has done far more in this department than had ever been 
accomplished before. And when the character of the MSS. which have been 
published by himself and his predecessors in that field of labour, is taken into 
consideration, we are able to judge how very much has been done to facilitate 
the labours of critics. For (with the important and lamented exception of the 
Codex Vaticanus) these published copies include all the more ancient and 
valuable of the MSS. which have been used for purposes of criticism. 

There are two other publications of Tischendorf which should be mentioned 
in this place : — 

1st. The Codex Friderico-Augustanus, a MS. of part of the LXX., of 
extreme antiquity, found by Tischendorf himself during his eastern travels ; 
this was published in a lithographed facsimile, beautifully executed, in 1846. 

2nd. The Codex Amiatinus ; a most valuable Latin MS. of the whole Bible 
in Jerome's version, written before the middle of the sixth century; it is now 
kept in the Laurentian Library at Florence. Tischendorf in 1 850 published 
the Latin New Testament according to the text of this MS. from the collations 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 131 

made bj himself and Tregelles separately. This text is of very great import- 
ance in restoring the Latin Vulgate to the condition in which it was left by 
Jerome. 



Dr. Tischendorf has still continued his researches for biblical MSS. ; the 
measure of success which has attended his recent efforts may be seen in the 
following extract from a letter : — 

"Leipsic, July 11, 1853. 
" My dear Tregelles, 

* * * 

" I embrace this opportunity to give you some information of the literary 
discoveries which have crowned my last expedition to Egypt, whence I re- 
turned two months ago. 

" I have brought back vdth me seven Greek biblical MSS. Three of these 
contain parts of the Old Testament. One, a palimpsest as old as the Jifth 
century, contains parts of the Pentateuch ; a second, of the eighth or ninth 
century, is a veritable supplement [as to text] of the Vatican MS. ; the third, 
the writing of which perfectly resembles that of the Dialogues of Plato at 
Oxford [in very early cursive letters], contains the whole of the book of 
Judges and that of Ruth : its text is very curious and important. 

" But the others, which relate to the Kew Testament, will be of greater 
interest for you. Twenty-eight palimpsest leaves in uncial letters of thejifth 
century, take a place amongst our MSS. of the highest class. Such readings 
as that of the MS. A, els rbv ronov (John xx. 25), are confirmed by this pa- 
limpsest. Two other MSS. are of the eighth and ninth centuries: one of 
these contains the two Gospels of St. Luke and St. John, the other comprises 
fragments of St. Matthew, St. Mark, and St. John, and the whole of St. Luke. 
Both of these are more curious, in a critical point of view, than E G H K M 
SUV. One of them, in the passage St. Luke iii. 23 — 38, confirms almost all 
the readings of B L. The other has, in John v. 1, ^ ioprrj rav a^v/xcov: it is 
enriched with scholia, which sometimes possess a critical value. My fourth 
New Testament MS. is dated 1054; it contains the Acts of the Apostles, 
wanting six or seven chapters. I was much surprised at the perfect agree- 
ment of this MS. with ABC, and the otl;er ancient MSS. But I must tell 
you that I have not yet found more than a few moments to devote to an exact 
examination of all these MSS., as well as of others which are not biblical. 

" Amongst the Arabic fragments which I have brought with me, there is one 
MS. of the eighth century (the date of another determines the age of this) ; 
it contains five of St. Paul's Epistles; this version has been hitherto unknown. 

*' I also possess a Syriac palimpsest of fifty leaves, as old at least as thejifth 
century. The fragments of the Gospels which M. Tuch has deciphered prove 
that this Syriac version adheres more scrupulously to the Greek than any other 
Syrian text hitherto known." 



132 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

§ 13.— ON AN ESTIMATE OF MS. AUTHORITIES IN 
ACCORDANCE WITH COMPARATIVE CRITICISM. 

As a preliminary definition of terms, I state that by " Comparative 
Criticism" I mean such an investigation as shows what the charac- 
ter of a document is, — not simply from its age, whether known 
or supposed, — but from its actual readings being shown to be in 
accordance or not with certain other documents. By an estimate 
of MSS. through the application of comparative criticism, is 
intended merely such an arrangement as may enable it to be 
said, that certain MSS. do, as a demonstrated fact, present fea- 
tures of classification as agreeing or not agreeing in text with 
ancient authorities with which they are compared. 

The MSS. must first be stated according to age, and to known 
affinities amongst themselves in certain particulars. 
In the Gospels^ the most ancient MSS. are — 
A B C D and the fragments Z J (with N and T) P Q T. 
The uncial MSS. from the seventh century which frequently 
accord with these, are L X A. 

The other uncial MSS. are E F G H K M S U V, and 
the fragments ORWYeAF^ 

There are also cursive MSS. which generally support the 
most ancient documents ; amongst these may be specified 
1, 33, 69. 

In the Acts, the oldest MSS. are A B C D E. 

Then come the uncials which present a difiering text, G H. 
(Besides these MSS. are the fragments F*.) 

There are also cursive MSS. according with the most 
ancient, such as 13, 31. 

In the Catholic Epistles are the same MSS. of those in 
the Acts, A B C, G, 13, 31, with the addition of J, a MS. 
difiering from the most ancient. 

In the Pauline Epistles, the most ancient MSS. are A B 
C D (with E, its copy), and the fragments H. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 133 

Uncial MSS. often agreeing with some of the above, F G, 
Other uncial MSS. J K (also the fragments F^). 
Some later MSS., such as 17, 37, agree generally with the 
most ancient. 

In the Revelation^ the most ancient MSS. are A C. 

Later uncial MS., B (Codex Basilianus, not THE Codex 
Yaticanus). 

Cursive MSS., often agreeing with the most ancient, 
14, 38. 

The process of investigation now is to take such passages as 
afford good and unequivocal evidence ; to inquire what are the 
readings which in such places are supported by known ancient 
testimony; and then to see what MSS. support such early evi- 
dence : and thus it may be learned whether the most ancient MSS. 
(and those which accord with them in reading) do or do not pre- 
sent fair samples of the ancient text. 

The passages brought forward first will be some on which the 
advocates of the mass of the recent copies have relied ; as though 
the ancient MSS., which some critics have considered to be of the 
most value, could not be followed rightly in the readings which 
they present. The points of inquiry will be in such places, 
1, What readings are attested as ancient, apart from the MS. 
authorities? and, 2, What MSS. support the readings so far au- 
thenticated? The reader is requested in each case to observe 
particularly what reading is proved to he ancient by the joint 
evidence of different versions, and (in cases where the place has 
been cited) by early quotations. 

(i.) Matt. xix. 17. rt /x,€ Xeycis aya66v\ orSeigdya^os d fxr] els. This is 
the reading of the common text supported by the mass of the 
more recent copies ; other authorities, however, differ widely, and 
the form which they give to the passage is, rt fxc epwras Trept tov 
dyaOov ; ets icmv 6 ayaOos. 
The evidence respecting this passage (and also as to the words 

6 ^eo9 which the common text subjoins) requires to be stated dis- 

tributively ; because the vouchers for the different readings in 

the respective parts are not precisely the same. 



134 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

1. Ti ^e Xeyet^i aya66v ; This is supported by tlie greater num- 
ber of MSS., in accordance witli tlie Peshito Syriac and tlie text 
of the Harclean Syriac and the Thebaic (alias Sahidic) versions 
(the latter as found in the Oxford fragments) ; also by the Codex 
Brixianus, one of the Latin MSS. published by Blanchini. 

Tl fjue €pcora<; irepl rod ayadov ; The Vulgate, all the Old Latin 
copies except Cod. Brix. the Syriac brought into notice by Mr. 
Cureton ; the Jerusalem Syriac (this Lectionary does read thus, 
I made a special note of the place myself: the passage was 
imperfectly examined by Adler) ; the margin of the Harclean 
Syriac ; the Memphitic (alias Coptic), the Armenian, and the 
^thiopic; the MSS. BDL, 1, 22; Mat thsei's x., in addition to 
the common reading. 

2. ovBeh ar/a6o^, el fxr] eh. So most MSS., three copies of the 
Old Latin, the Peshito and Harclean Syriac, and the Thebaic. 

eh ecTTLv 6 ar/a6o<;. The Latin Vulgate ; the oldest and best copies 
of the Old Latin ; the Curetonian Syriac, and the Jerusalem Syriac 
Lectionary ; the Memphitic, the Armenian, and the ^Ethiopic. 
BDL, 1, 22. 

6 Oeb^i is then added by most MSS.; by the Vulgate and most 
copies of the Old Latin ; the Curetonian, Peshito, and Harclean 
Syriac ; the Memphitic and the Thebaic : while it is not inserted 
in the Latin Codices Vercellensis and San-germanensis 1, the Jeru- 
salem Syriac, the Armenian, and the ^thiopic. B D L, 1, 22. 

The reading which is opposed to the common text has the ex- 
press testimony of Origen * in its favour ; so that here we have 
distinct evidence of its early existence ; we find this statement 
confirmed by several of the best and earliest versions ; and, in 
accordance with these united witnesses, certain MSS., few in num- 
ber (but two amongst them being some of the most ancient), up- 
hold the same reading. 

The bearing of this passage on the question of the value of 
ancient testimony will be best understood by citing what Mr. 
Scrivener, an opposer of the principle of recurring to the ancient 
MSS., as such, says on the passage in his " Supplement to the 
Authorised English Version." 

Matt. xix. 17. " Griesbach and Lachmann here admit into the 

* Sec Origcn's own words in the cifntiou from Mr. Sci'ivener given just below. 



or THE GKEEK NEW TESTAMENT. 135 

text an important variation, wKich, both from its extent and 
obvious bearing, cannot have originated in accidental causes. 
Instead of tl yu-e Xeyeig aryaOov ; ovSeh ar/a6o<;j el fxr] eh 6 ^eo?, 
' Why callest thou me good ? there is none good but one, that is 
God ' : they read, tl fie epcora^; irepX rov cu^aQov ; el? ecniv o 
wyaOo^, ' Why askest thou me concerning what is good ? He who 
is good is One.' I fear it is but too evident that this text was 
mangled by some over-zealous scribe, who was displeased with 
the doctrine of the Son's inferiority which seemed to be impHed 
in it ; and who did not perceive that His subordination to the 
Father in the economy of grace, is perfectly consistent with His 
equality in respect to the Divine nature and essence. The re- 
ceived text is found in Mark x. 18 ; Luke xviii. 19; with no 
variety in the manuscripts worthy of notice ; and even in this 
place Griesbach's reading is contained only in Jive copies (B D L, 
1, 22), and partially in a sixth (Matthaei's x.). Now, all these 
documents (except perhaps one) being Alexandrine, and B alone 
being of first-rate importance, every rule of sober criticism calls 
for the rejection of Griesbach's correction, especially since it is 
clear in what sources of mistaken feeling it took its rise. It is 
supported, however, by the Italic, Vulg. and the Coptic versions 
(with the slight addition of Deus)^ and in part by the Sahidic, 
^thiopic, and one or two of less weight. Syr. agrees with the 
Textus Receptus ; but the language of Origen (tom. iij. p. 664) 
may show at how early a period Griesbach's variation had become 
current : o yikv ovv MarOalo^ co? irepl ayaOov epyov ep(OTr]0ivTO<; 
rod acoTTjpo^ ev rS rl dyadov Trotijaco ; 6 Se Mdpico^ /cat AovKag 
^acrl Tov (TcoTrjpa elprjKevai,, tl fjue \ey€L<; dyaOov ; ovSeh dyado^; el 
fjLT) eU, 6 6e6<;. The process whereby Griesbach and Lachmann 
persuaded themselves of the genuineness of their new text is 
visible enough. The Codices B D, the ItaHc, Origen, and the 
Vulgate, constitute a clear majority of the authorities admitted 
by the latter. The former, conceiving that the joint evidence of 
Codices B L, 1, Origen, the Sahidic, and Coptic, is decisive of the 
testimony of his Egyptian family ; while the Codex D, the Italic, 
and Vulgate represent that of the western recension ; infers that 
their joint influence will more than counterbalance Syr., Chry- 
sostom, and the whole mass of corrupt Byzantine documents of 



136 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

every kind : although numerically they exceed, in the proportion 
of about ninety to one, the vouchers for both his other classes 
united. Thus it is only by denying the premises assumed by 
these critics, that we can avoid subscribing to their perilous 
conclusions." 

On this passage I willingly join issue with Mr. Scrivener ; and 
I do it all the more cheerfully, because I know that I am discus- 
sing the question, not with some sciolist who thinks that he 
shows his acuteness in argument, but with a scholar who main- 
tains his views honestly, and straightforwardly, and who so writes 
that all may know exactly what he means, whether they agree 
with him or not. 

But I not only join issue with Mr. Scrivener as to the reading 
of this one passage, but I rely on it as supplying an argument 
on the whole question as to the comparative authority of the mass 
of MS S. 5 and that oHhefew which are in accordance with ancient 
testimony. On the one hand, let it be remembered, that we have 
the distinct evidence of Origen, in full accordance with which are 
(i.) the best copies of the Old Latin, (ij.) the Vulgate, (iij.) the 
Curetonian Syriac, (iv.) the Jerusalem Syriac, (v.) the Memphitic, 
(vj.) the Armenian, (vij .) the ^thiopic. On the other hand there 
is no testimony of the same kind to place against that of Origen ; and 
as to versions there are (i.) the Peshito Syriac {as it has come down 
to us), (ij.) the Harclean Syriac in part, (iij.) the Thebaic, and 
(iv.) revised copies of the Old Latin. It is utterly unimportant, in 
the present inquiry, to ask what the versions of the seventh century 
and onward, such as the Arabic, Sclavonic, and Persic, may read. 

To recur, then, to Mr. Scrivener's arguments ; I do not uphold 
Griesbach's recensions, nor do I now discuss Lachmann's princi- 
ples ; but here there is, on the one hand, a reading of the text 
older than the time of Origen, and, on the other, a reading of a 
different complexion. It is in vain to speak of the text having 
been mangled by an over-zealous scribe, unless proof presumptive 
at least is given ; for if there were an alteration from design, it 
must have become difllised in some marvellous manner. For the 
reading mentioned by Origen is that not only, in its essential 
features, of the Vulgate, but of the Old Latin version, in all 
copies except the re-cast Cod. Brixianus, and of all the ancient 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 137 

versions, except tlie PesMto and Harclean Syriac, and the The- 
baic (as found in the Oxford fragments) ; this reading must thus 
have been diffused widely in all the regions of early Christianity. 
Mr. Scrivener does indeed ("Collation of the Gospels," page xv.) 
express surprise that Griesbach "infers, that the joint influence" 
of the MSS. and versions which support this wide-spread reading 
"will more than counterbalance the venerable Peshito Syriac,* 
and the whole mass of Byzantine documents of every kind ; " — I 
should have thought that no such importance could have attached 
to the Peshito Syriac, as to outweigh the counter-testimony of so 
many other versions : now, however, we may put in the opposite 
scale the Curetonian Syriac, (a version far more worthy of the 
epithet of " venerable" than that which is called the Peshito as 
it has come down to us), and which (as we might have expected) 
accords with the other most ancient witnesses in upholding the 
wide-spread reading. Whether " every rule of sober criticism" 
will require us to discard this attested reading, must, I suppose, 
depend on what we consider such rules to be. Might I not well 
ask for some proof that the other reading existed, in the time of 
Origen, in copies of St. Matthew's Gospel? 

And as to the source of the reading existing in the mass of 
MSS., need we feel any difficulty in seeking it out? For it is 
that which is found in the two other synoptical Gospels ; and 
every one who knows MSS. minutely, must be aware how habitu- 
ally copyists inserted in one Gospel the readings of another, so as 
to bring them (perhaps unconsciously) into closer verbal agree- 
ment. We do not know of a single MS. or version that has not 
suffered more or less in this manner ;| we have to make the same 

* But Mr. Scrivener sometimes gives little weiglit to tlie Pesliito Syriac. Thus on 
Matt. ix. 13, in his note on el? jaeravoiai/ which is not known as part of the text by the 
ancient witnesses, he remarks, " The accordance of the Peshito with the Yulgate and 
earlier Latin versions, I have before noticed as a little suspicious." Thus the evidence 
of the Peshito, when confirmed by other versions of great age and excellent character, 
is valued less than if it stood in opposition to them. 

t Some people rest much on some one incorrect reading of a MS., and then express 
a great deal of wonder, that such a MS. could be highly valued by critics. The ex- 
posure of such excessive ignorance as this might be well dealt with by one who 
knows Greek MSS. as AveU as Mr. Scrivener. This ignorance is just as great, as 
that would be of a man who thought that all copyists and compositors ought to be 
infallible. 

Some have marvelled that the Codex Bezse (D) should have been highly valued by 



138 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

complaint as was made by Jerome well nigli 1500 years ago. In 
a case like tliis, where we have the direct testimony of Origen, 
confirmed by good MSS., and upheld by versions widely dilhised, 
we need not hesitate to maintain the authority of that reading, 
which is not exactly the same as that of Mark and Luke. How 
naturally copyists sought verbal conformity, may be seen in this 
passage; for C, 33, and some of the other MSS. which commonly 
exhibit the same class of text as B L, etc., here accord with the 
later ^ISS. in giving the reading rightly found in Mark and 
Luke. 

]\Ir. Scrivener is quite right in saying that the reading of B D L 
" cannot have originated in accidental causes;" — the rival reading 
may^ however, have so originated, and the notion that it did so is 
one of the highest probability. Indeed, if a designed alteration, 
for doctrinal purposes, had taken place in Matthew, how could 
Mark and Luke escape from a similar injury? 

But the mass of the MSS., "in the proportion of about ninety 
to one," oppose what I have proved to be the ancient and wide- 
spread reading of this passage : — what does this teach ? Why, 
that the mass of recent documents possess no determining voice, 
in a question as to what we should receive as genuine readings. 
AVe are able to take the feiv documents whose evidence is proved 
to be trustworthy, and safely discard from present consideration 
the eighty-nine ninetieths, or whatever else their numerical pro- 
portion may be. 

I do not see anything "perilous" in the "conclusions" to 
which such a passage as this leads ; on the contrary, it presents us 
with a safe line of evidence, connecting our good MSS. with the 
former part of the third century of our era. I should feel that I 
did indeed put the text of the New Testament in peril, if I 
adopted the authority of the mass of MSS. which is proved to be 
at variance with what was read by the Christians of the third 
century at least. 

most critics from Griesbaeh onward, when it is known that it is replete with interpo- 
lations: but this admitted fact does not affect the text itself; the interpolations 
might be separated as definitely as the foot-notes of a book can be from the text. 
The first book of Esdras in the Apocrypha is tlio canonical Ezra greatly interpolated; 
and yet Esdras preserves true readings of numbers, etc., which are all wrong in the 
non-iuterpolatcd Ezra, both in the Hebrew text and the Greek version. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 139 

(ij.) Matt. XV. 8. The common text reads 'Eyyt^et /xot 6 A.aos ovtos t(3 
CTToixaTL avT(xiv, Kol Tot? ^ei'Aecrt //,€ TLfxoi' Other copies have 6 Aao? 
ovTo<s Tots -^dXccTL fx€ TLfxa without the other words. 

The common text is fomid in none of tlie more ancient ver- 
sions, but it is that of the mass of MSS. : the other reading is 
that of all the more ancient versions which we have (the Thebaic 
being here defective), of Origen and other fathers, and is in the 
MSS. B D L, 33, 124. So that this one passage might be relied 
on as an important proof that it is the few MSS. and not the 
multitude which accord with ancient testimony. On this passage, 
Mr. Scrivener remarks in opposition to the view just stated : — 

Matt. XV. ver. 8. " Griesbach, Vater, and Laclimann, remove 
from the text as spurious the words iyyl^ec /lot, ^ draweth nigli 
unto me,' and rat GToixari avrow^ Kai, ' with their mouth, 
and.' They are wanting in Syr., Yulg., the Italic, ^thiopic, 
and Armenian versions ; in Origen, Chrysostom, and several other 
fathers. This would form a strong reason for questioning their 
authenticity, were tbey not found in all existing manuscripts ; 
except ^z;e (B D L, 33, 124), all of wHch are decidedly Alexan- i 
drian. Fully admitting the weight of the versions on a point of 
this kind, and the possibility tliat tbe disputed words were inserted 
from the LXX. of Isaiah xxix. 13 ; I still think it unreasonable to 
reject the reading contained in so immense a majority of the manu- 
scripts of every age, and of both families. Indeed, we cannot do 
so without unsettling the first principles of Scriptural criticism." 

Then, if so, those "first principles," must be, that numbers, and 
numbers only, shall prove a point ; for here we have versions and 
fathera rejecting certain words, and tbis testimony confirmed by a 
few good MS. witnesses ; but because ninety MSS. to one can be 
produced on the other side, the united ancient testimony must 
(we are told) be rejected, althougb it is admitted that this host of 
witnesses may possibly testify to wliat they got from Isaiah, and 
not from St. Matthew ; I should say, that on every true principle 
of textual criticism, the words must be regarded as an amplification 
borrowed from the prophet. This naturally explains their intro- 
duction ; and when once they had gained a footing in the text, 
it is certain that they would be multiplied by copyists loho almost 
always preferred to make passages as full and complete as pos- 



140 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

sible. To the evidence for tlie reading to whicli Mr. Scrivener 
objects, as stated above, some items must be added ; for tbe Mem- 
pliitic version, as well as tbe Curetonian Syriac, agree witb the 
other ancient translations ; so that (as the Thebaic is here defec- 
tive) the whole of the more ancient versions give one according 
testimony ; which Mr. S. rejects, thinking that if he were not to 
do this, he would unsettle the first principles of Biblical criticism. 
I should not wish to adopt principles which led to such conclu- 
sions. It is right to add, the Latin Codex Brixianus does contain 
the words ; which is just what we should expect from the charac- 
ter of the MS., as giving a remodelled version.* 

We come again to just the same conclusion as before, that the 
MSS. which are entitled to a primary rank as witnesses, are the 
few and not the many ; the few whose character is well attested 
and confirmed. 

(iij.) Matt. XX. 22. The evidence on this passage shall be given in 
Mr. Scrivener's own words ; only premising that the versions 
which support the common text are the Peshito and Harclean 
Syriac and the Armenian ; while to the list on the other side 
must be added the Curetonian Syriac. Mr. Scrivener (in accord- 
ance with many other waiters) means the Old Latin by the Italic, 
the Memphitic by the Coptic, and the Thebaic by the Sahidic. 

Matt. XX. ver. 22. " Griesbach and Lachmann remove from 
the text KoX to ^dirTto-fjua, o iyco /SaTrri^o/jiat fiaTrrtadrjvac, and 
the corresponding clause in the next verse. Their meagre array 
of witnesses is of the usual character : six decidedly Egyptian f 
MSS. in V. 22 (B D L Z, 1, 22, see note on chap. xix. 17); 
Origen and Epiphanius amongst the Greeks ; the Sahidic, Coptic, 
-^thiopic, Italic, and Vulgate, with their faithful attendants the 
Latin fathers. But even if we grant that the Latin and other 
versions arc more trustworthy in their omissions than in their 
additions to the text ; or concede to Origen the possibility/ that the 
disputed words properly belong only to Mark (ch. x. 38, 39) ; 
still it is extravagant to claim for translations so high authority, 

* On the other side should be added that Codex 1 in part agrees with the reading 
of B D L; it transposes eyyt^ei /xot, and rejects the other words mentioned above. 

t Wliat if the MSS. be Egi/ptian, the Latin versions arc not; and therefore the land 
of the MSS even if it be Egypt, proves nothing against them. 



I 



OP THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 141 

tliat tliey should be held competent to overthrow the positive 
testimony of MSS. of the original In v. 23, seven other cur- 
sive MSS. besides those enumerated above, favour the omission 
of the clause ; two of them (Colbert. 33, and Ephes. Lambeth 
71) being of some little consequence. But even there the evidence 
is much too weak to deserve particular notice." 

If ancient and independent versions agree in not presenting a 
certain clause or expression, then on all true principles of textual 
criticism such omitted words are suspicious; but if the most ancient 
MSS. agree with the versions in their rejection, then the case 
is greatly strengthened ; and this is all the more confirmed if 
early citations accord. The case would be more correctly stated 
if it were claimed, that the united testimony of versions, fathers, 
and the oldest MSS. should be preferred to that of the mass of 
modern copies ; and farther, that the character of the few ancient 
MSS. which agree with versions and fathers, must be such {from 
that very circumstance) as to make their general evidence the more 
trustworthy. 

Thus we may indeed see that an investigation, even though 
intended, like that of Mr. Scrivener, to cast discredit on the 
ancient MSS. as witnesses, tells on the opposite side, and shows 
how needful it is to trust to ancient testimony if we would really 
use the ancient text, such as was current amongst the Christians 
of the first three centuries after the New Testament was written. 

(iv.) Matt, xviii. 35. After KapStwv vfxdv the common text adds ra 
TrapaTTTw/Aara avTwv; omitted, however, by " Griesbach's old fa- 
vourites B D L, 1, and three other MSS. of less note: the Vulg., 
Italic, Sahidic, Coptic, and JEthiopic versions." So Mr. Scrivener, 
who adds, "But a version need be very literal indeed, to be 
relied on in a case like the present." I should have thought that 
but a small acquaintance with the better class of the ancient ver- 
sions would prove that they are always literal enough to show 
whether they acknowledged or not such a material portion of a 
sentence. To the versions cited against the addition of these 
words I may now add the Curetonian Syriac. 

(v.) Mar. iii. 29. Common text, aloiviov Kpicrctos. Vulg. has, however, 
"rews erit ceterni delicti;" so too the 0^6? Latin, the Memph., 
Goth., Arm. ; and this is the reading of Cyprian, Augustine, 
and Athanasius. Corresponding with this B L, A, 33 (and one 



142 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

otlier MS.), read aloiVLov ajxaprrjixaTo^, and C^^ (ut videtur), D, 
69 (and two others), have attoviov dixapTias, a perfectly cognate 
reading. 

(vj.) Mar. iv. 12. to, afxapT-^fxara of the common text is omitted by 
Origen twice; by one MS. of the Old Latin, the Memph., and 
Arm., with B C L, 1 (and some other MSS.). 

(vij.) Mar. iv, 24. rots aKovovortv omitted by the Old Latin, Vulg., 
Memph., ^th., with B C D L A, and some other copies. 

(viij.) Mar. x. 2L apas tov crravpov omitted by the Old Latin in 
most copies, Vulg., Memph., (so too Clem. Alex, and Hil.), with 
B C D, A. 

(ix.) Mar. xii. 4. Xi^o^oXTyo-avre? omitted by Old Latin, Vulg., 
Memph., Arm., with B D L A, 1, 33, and four other copies. 

(x.) Mar. xii. 23. orav avacrroicnv om. some copies of Old Latin, 
Memph., Syr., with B C D L A, 33. 

(xj.) Mar. xiii. 14. to prjOev vtto AavirjX tov vpo(f)i]TOv om. most 
copies of Old Latin, Vulg., Memph., Arm., also Augustine ex- 
pressly, with B D L. 

(xij.) Luke viii. 9. XiyovTcq not in Old Lat., Vulg., Curetonian and 
Peshito Syr., Memph., Arm., with B D L, 1, 33. 

(xiij.) Luke viii. 20. Acyovrcov not in Old Lat., Vulg., Curetonian and 
Peshito Syriac, Memph., Goth., with B D L A, 1, 33 (and a few 
others). 

(xiv.) Luke viii. 38. 6 "l-qcrov^s not in some copies of Old Lat., 
Memph., Theb., Arm., ^th., with B D L, 1 (and two others). 

(xv.) Luke viii. 54. IkJ^oXwv e^co Trai/ras koI om. Old Latin, Vulg., 
Curetonian Syriac, with B D L X, 1. 

(xvj.) Luke ix. 7. vtt avrov om. Old Latin (some copies), Cureto- 
nian Syriac, Memph., Theb., Arm., Avith B C^^ D L, 69 (and one 
other). 

(xvij.) Luke ix. 54. ojs koX 'HXta? l-rroi-qcrev om. some copies of Old 
Latin, Vulg., Curetonian Syr., Memph. 1, Arm., with B L (and 
a few others)."^'' The whole of the passage may also be examined 
as to the readings in which the ancient versions and MSS. agree. 

(xviij.) Luke xi. 2, etc.^' The form in which the Lord's Prayer is 
given in the most ancient authorities in St. Luke's Gospel is much 
shorter than in the common text, which agrees far more with St. 

* It has been said that the Lord's Prayer, both in Matthew and Luke, has been an 
especial object of attack by textual critics. The charge comes to this, that the dox- 
olo'ju in Matthew is omitted by critical editoi's, because it is attested that it is an 
addition, and so in Luke it is matter oi evidence^woi oj)inioiiy\\\^i it has been enlarged 
out of Matthew. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 143 

Matthew. The parts in which the variations occur stand thus 

seriatim : — 

Trdrep rjfxwv: rjixwv is omitted by the Vulg., by Origen, by Ter- 

tuUian, with B, 1, 33 (ut vid.), and a few others. 

6 iv Tots ovpavolg. om. by the Vulg., Arm., by Origen, by Ter- 

tuUian, with B L, 1, and a few others. 

yevrjO-^TO) to OeXyjixd crov ws iv ovpavS kol ctti ttJs yi}s' om. Vulg., 

and some other Latin copies, the Curetonian Syriac, Arm., Origen 

expressly, Tert., Jerome, Augustine expressly, with B L, 1, and a 

few other copies. 

(ver. 4.) dWa pva-au rj/xd? ctTro rov irov-qpov- om. Vulg., Arm., 

Origen expressly, Tert., Jerome, Augustine expressly ; with B L, 

1, and a few other copies. 

This passage is a good illustration of the kind of agreement 

which is often found between a few MSS. and readings which 

are proved to be ancient by express testimony, such as that of 

Origen. 
(xix.) Luke xi. 29. After rj yei/eo, avTTj of the common text, yci/ca is 

added by the Old Latin, Vulg., Curetonian Syriac, Harclean Syr. 

(with *'), Memph., Arm., with AB D L X, 1, 33, 69, and some 

others, 
(xx.) Luke xi. 29. rov Trpo^yjTov' om. Old Lat., Vulg., Curetonian 

Syr., Memph., Arm., Jerus. Syr., with B D L. 
(xxj.) Luke xi. 44. ypa/x/xarets koX <l>api(TaioL vnoKpLrai' om. Vulg. (and 

some copies of the Old Latin), the Curetonian Syriac, Memph., 

Arm., also Marcion and Augustine, with B C L, 1, 33, and a few 

others, 
(xxij.) Luke xii. 31. rijv /SacriXetav rov Oeov common text; but r. /3a(r. 

avTov Old Latin in some copies, Memph., Theb., -^th., with 

BD*L. 
(xxiij.) Luke xiii. 24. Sid tjJs o-rei^s Ovpa<s is the reading of Origen, 

where the common text has irvkr}';. The reading of Origen is 

found in B D L, 1 (and one other copy), 
(xxiv.) John iv. 43. kol dTnjXdev omitted by Origen ; so too in copies 

of the Old Latin, Curetonian Syriac, Memph., with BCD, 69 

(and one other copy), 
(xxv.) John V. 16. The words koI et,i^rovv avrov dTroKretvai are omitted 

by the Old Latin, the Vulg., Curetonian Syriac, Memph., Arm., 

as well as by Cyril and Chrysostom, with B C D L, 1, 33, 69 

(and a very few others), 
(xxvj.) John vi. 22. eKetvo eis o ive(3r)(rav ot ixa6r]rai avrov • om. Old 



144 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

Latin (in some copies), Vulg., Memph., Goth.,^th., with ABL, 

1, and a few others, 
(xxvij.) John vi. 39. Trarpos om. in copies of Old Latin, Peshito Syr. 

MS., Memph., Theb., some fathers, with A B D L T, 1, and a 

few other copies, 
(xxviij.) John vi. 40. tov TrifjcxI/avTos fie common text ; but rov Trarpos 

fjiov, some copies of Old Latin, Curetonian Syriac, as well as 

Peshito and Harclean, Memph., Theb., Arm., ^th., Clement and 

other fathers, with BCDLTU, 1,33 (and a few other copies). 

Several other versions, etc., blend together both readings, 
(xxix.) John vi. 51. rjv eyw Soja-co om. Old Latin, Vulg., Curetonian 

Syriac, Theb. JEth. ; also Origen and other fathers, with BCD 

L T, 33 (and one other). 
(xxx.) John vi. 69. tov ^covtos om. Old Latin, Vulg., Curetonian 

Syriac, Memph., Theb., Arm., some fathers, with B C D L, 1, 33 

(and one other), 
(xxxj.) John viii. 59. SteXOwv 8ia fxicov atTcov koX Traprjyev ovtcds om. 

Old Latin, Vulg., Theb., Arm., so too Origen, with B D. 
(xxxij.) John ix. 8. Tv<fi\6<s common text, but Trpoo-atTT/s in copies of 

Old Latin, Vulg., Peshito, and Harclean Syr., Memph., Theb., 

Goth., Arm., ^th., some fathers, with A B C* D K L X, 1, 33 

(and a few other copies), 
(xxxiij.) John ix. 11. koL ctTrei/- om. some copies of Old Latin, Vulg., 

Theb., Arm., with B C D L, 1, 33 (and one other MS.). 
(xxxiv.) John ix. 11. rrjv Ko\v}x[ir)6pav rov ^iXwap, common text; but 

simply rov ]StX(oa/>t Old Latin, Peshito and Jerus. Syr., Memph., 

Theb., Arm., with B D L X, 1. 
(xxxv.) John ix. 25. Kat cTttcv om. some Latin copies, Thebaic, Goth., 

Harclean Syr.; also Cyril; with A B D L, 1, 33 (and a few 

other copies), 
(xxxvj.) John ix. 26. TraXtv om. Old Latin, Vulg., Memph., Theb., 

with B D. 
(xxxvij.) John x. 12. a-KopTTL^ei ra Trpo^ara common text ; but om. 

TO. Trpo/Sara here Memph., Theb., Arm., .iiEth., Jerus. Syr., with 

B D L, 1, 33 (and a few other copies), 
(xxxviij.) John x. 13. 6 Se /xio-^wros cftevyct om. by just the same au- 
thorities. 
(xxxix.) John x. 14. Common text ytvoja-Ko/xat vtto tCjv kfxuiv, but 

jLvwaKova-L p,c to. efxd is the reading of the Old Latin, the Vulg., 

Memph., Theb., Goth., ^th. ; also of Epiphanius and Cyril, 

with B D L. 



or THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 145 

(xl.) John X. 26. Ka^ws elTrov vfuv om. Old Latin in some copies, 
Vulg., Memph., Theb., Arm., and some fathers, with B K LM*, 
33, and a few other copies. 

(xlj.) John X. 33. Xiyovres om. Old Latin, Vulg., Peshito and Hare- 
lean Syriac, Memph., Theb., Goth., Arm., with A B K L M X, 
1, 33, 69 (and a few other copies). 

(xlij.) John xi. 41. ov ^v 6 reOvrjKibs k€Iijl€vo<s om. Old Latin, Vulg., 
Peshito Syriac, Memph., Theb., Arm., ^th. ; also Origen re- 
peatedly ; with B C*- D L X, 33 (and three others). The Gothic 
and Harclean Syriac have only ov ^v ; so also A K, 1 (and one 
other copy). 

(xliij.) Acts i. 14. /cai rfi Serja-ct not in Vulg., Peshito and Harclean 
Syr., Memph., Theb., Arm., ^th., also some fathers, with A B 
C"^ D E, and a few others. 

(xliv.) Acts i. 15. Common text ixaOrjriov ; but dSeA-^oiv Vulg., 
Memph., Theb., Arm., ^th., with A B C* 13, and two or three 
others. 

(xlv.) Acts ii. 7. TTpos dXAijAov? om. Vulg., Memph., ^th. with 
ABC. 

(xlvj.) Acts ii. 23. \ap6vT€<s om. Vulg., Peshito Syriac, Memph., 
Theb., Arm., -^th., also Irenseus, and other fathers; with 
A B C, and a few other copies. 

(xlvij.) Acts ii. 30. to Kara adpKa dvacrTrja-eiv rov 'Kpicrrov om. Vulg., 
Peshito Syr., Memph., Theb., Arm., ^th., also Irenaeus, and 
other fathers; with A B (sic) C D"^'*', and one or two other 
copies. 

(xlviij.) Acts ii. 31. -17 ^xh a^^oC om. Vulg., Pesh. Syr., Memph., 
Theb., ^th., also Irenaeus, and other fathers ; with A B C D. 

(xlix.) Acts ii. 47 ; and iii. 1. Common text Ka^' rjfxipav rf} kKKk-qa-la. 
'Etti to avTo Be. Xler/aos Kat ^laxxvvrjs. But the reading of the oldest 
authorities differs much, (" cotidie in id ipsum. Petrus autem et 
Johannes ") Vulg., Memph., Arm., jiEth. ; so also Cyril, and the 
MSS. ABC, KaO" rjixipav iirl to avTO. Ilerpos Se fcat ^Joidvvrjs. 

(1.) Acts iii. 22. Trpbs rovs TraWpas om. Vulg., Peshito Syr., Memph., 
with ABC, and a few more. 

(Ij.) Acts XV. 24. XiyovTeq TrepLTepiveaOai kol rrjpelv tov vofxov om, 
Vulg., Memph., Theb., some fathers ; with A B D, 13. 

(lij.) Acts XV. 33. Common text dTroo-roXovs* but aTroo-TetXavTag avrovs 

Vulg., Memph., Theb., ^th., also some fathers ; with A B C D, 

and some other copies. 

(liij.) Rom. i. 16. Common text to evayyiXtov tov XptcrTov- but tov 

11 



146 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

XpLo-Tov om. Vulg., Peshito and Hard. Syr., Memph., Arm., ^th., 
also Origen, and other fathers; with A B C D* E G, 17, and 

others, 
(liv.) Rom. iii. 22. koX eVt Travras om. some Latin copies, Harcl. Syr., 

Memph., Arm., ^th., also Clement, Origen, and other fathers, 

^Yith ABC, and a few others. 
(Iv.) Bom. V. 1. Common text ix^ficv, but ex^/xev, Vulg., Peshito Syr., 

Memph., Arm., Chrysostom, Cyril, and other fathers ; with A B* 

(sic) D J, 17, 37, and other copies. 
(Ivj.) Rom. vi. 12. avTrj iv rats cTri^v/x-tai? avTov common text; but 

rats i7nOvfxLaL<s avrov simply, Vulg., Peshito Syr., Memph., Theb., 

Arm., ^th. ; also Origen, etc. ; with A B C^' and a few others. 
(Ivij.) Rom. viii. 1. /xr] Kara aapKa TrcpLTraTOvaiv aXXa Kara irvevjxa om. 

Memph., Theb., ^th., also Origen, Athanasius, etc. ; with B C 

D"^' F G, and a few others. [The clause dXXa Kara Trvevfia is 

omitted by Vulg., Peshito Syr., Goth., Arm., with A D^-^']. 
(Iviij.) Rom. x. 15. twv euayycXi^Ojuevcov elpi^vrjv om. Memph., Theb., 

-^th. ; also Clement, Origen, etc. ; with ABC, and a few 

others, 
(lix.) Rom. xi. 6. ct Se c| epyoiv ovkItl ccrrt X^P'?> ^Tret to epyov ovkctl 

la-rivtpyov om. Vulg., Memph., Theb., Arm., ^th. ; with A C D 

E F G, 17 (ut vid.), and one other. 
(Ix.) Rom. xiv. 6. koX 6 fxr] <^povcov rrjv ^fxepav Kvptio ov ^povct- om. 

Vulg., Memph., -^th. ; with A B C^' D E F G, and a few others. 
(Ixj.) Rom. xiv. 9. Common text, Xpicrros kol airiOav^ koI avicrTq koI 

avi^rja-ev' but om. koI dviorTTj Vulg. MS., Harcl. Syr., Memph., 

-^th.. Arm. ; also Dionysius of Alex., and other fathers ; with A 

B C. Also for av€t,rjcr€v the reading etprjacv in the same authorities, 

also the Peshito Syr., and D E J, 17, 37, and some other copies. 
(Ixij.) Rom. XV. 24. Ik^va-ofxai irpo'i vfxa<i om. Vulg., Peshito Syr., 

Memph., Arm., ^th. ; also Chrysostom, etc. ; with A B C D 

EFG. 
(Ixiij.) Rom. xv. 29. rov evayyeXiov tov om. some Latin MSS., (Cod. 

Amiatinus, etc.), Memph., Arm., uiEth., Clement, and other 

fathers ; with A B C D E F G, and two later copies. 
(Ixiv.) Rom. xvi. 5. 'Axata? common text ; but'Ao-tas, Vulg., Memph., 

Arm., ^th. ; Origen , etc. ; with A B C D"^' E F G, and two 

later copies. 
(Ixv.) Rom. xvi. 25-27. These three verses are placed at the end of 

chap. xiv. by the mass of the recent copies, — that is, by no less 

than (ivo hundred and sixteen of those which have been examined 



OP THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 147 

in this passage, and by the Harclean Syi-iac ; while they are found 
in this place in Vulg., Peshito Syr., Memph., -^th. ; with B C 
D E, and five other copies. These verses stand in hoth places in 
Arm., with A, 17, and two others. F G omit the verses altogether. 
Here then the ancient testimony of versions in favour of the com- 
mon text accords with that of the most ancient MSS., in opposition 
to the vast numerical majority of copies. 

(^Ixvj.) 1 Cor. ii. 4. 6.vOpoi7rLvr]<5 aocjiLas' om. av9p. Vulg. (in the best 
copies), Pesh. Syr., Theb., Arm., -^th., Origen five times; other 
fathers ; with B D E F G, 17, and a few others. 

(Ixvij.) 1 Cor. iii. 4. aapKLKot common text; but av^pwTrot, Vulg., 
!^I^ph., ^th., Origen, Didymus, and other fathers ; with A B 
C D E F G, 17, and one or two other copies. 

(Ixviij.) 1 Cor. vi. 20. kol iv t&) Trvev/xart vfiwv arivd ian tov 6eov' om. 
Vulg., Memph., Basmuric, ^th. ; also Irenaeus, and other 
fathers, with A B C^ D^* E F G, 17, and four others. 

(Ixix.) 1 Cor. vii. 5. t^ vrjareia Koi- om. Vulg., Memph., Basmuric, 
Arm., -3iith. ; also Origen, and other fathers ; with ABODE 
F G, 17, and a few others. 

(Ixx.) Gal. iii. 1. t^ aX-qOda fxr] TruOcarQai' om. some Latin copies, 
Pesh. Syr., Memph., Theb., Arm. ; also some fathers ; with A 
B D* F G, 1 7*, and one or two others ; also the exemplars of 
Origen cited by Jerome. 

(Ixxj.) Gal. iii. 1. kv vfXLv om. Vulg., Pesh. Syr., Memph., Theb., 
Arm., JEth., Cyril, and other fathers ; with ABC, 17^, and a 
few others. 

(Ixxij.) Eph. iii. 14. rov Kvptov rjixiSiv ^l-qa-ov "KpicrTov' om. some Latin 
copies, Memph., ^th.; also Theodotus, Origen, and others; with 
A B C, 17, and one or two others. 



Here, then, is a sample of the very many passages, in which, by 
the testimony of ancient versions, or fathers, that such a reading 
was current in very early times, the fact is proved indubitably ; so 
that even if no existing MS. supported such readings, they would 
possess a strong claim on our attention : and such facts, resting on 
combined evidence, might have made us doubt, whether the old 
translators and early writers were not in possession of better copies 
than the modern ones which have been transmitted to us. Such 
facts so proved might lead to the inquiry, whether there are not 



148 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

some MSS. which accord with these ancient readings ; and when 
examination shows that such copies actually exist, (although they 
are the few in contrast to the many), it may be regarded as a 
demonstrated point that such MSS. deserve peculiar attention. 

I have cited more than seventy passages of this kind ; and their 
number may, I believe, be increased easily twenty-fold:* — they 
all prove the same point, — that in places in which the more valu- 
able ancient versions (or some of them), agree in a particular 
reading, or in which such a reading has distinct patristic testi- 
mony, and the mass of MSS. stand in opposition to such a 
lection, there are certain copies which habitually uphold the 
older reading. 

The passages have been taken on no principle of selection 
except that of giving such as bring out this point clearly.f Those 
from St. Matthew are places in which defenders of the mass of 
copies had themselves drawn attention to the ancient readings, 
as though they could not be followed. For the sake of brevity 
most of the passages have been given without remark, and without 
any attempt to state the balance of evidence ; for it was sufficient 
for the purpose to prove that the best versions do uphold certain 
readings (often in accordance with fathers), and that they are in 
this confirmed by certain MSS. 

Even when much might be said against a reading so attested, 
it must, on principles of evidence, be regarded as highly probable, 
even if not certainly genuine. 

The result, then, of this Comparative Criticism stands thus : — 

Readings, whose antiquity is proved apart from MSS., are 
found in repeated instances in 2ifew of the extant copies. 

These few MSS., the text of which is thus proved to be 
ancient, include some (and often several) of the oldest MSS. 
extant. 

In some cases, the attested ancient reading is found in but one 
or two MSS., but those of the most ancient class. 

* There are, I suppose, on a rough estimate, between two and tliree thousand places 
of this kind. 

t Thus those which depend on the order of words have been wholly omitted ; for 
although some of them are very striking, it might be thought that a preliminary in- 
vestigation was needed to prove that the versions in general adhere to the original in 
this particular. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 149 

And, as certain MSS. are found, by a process of inductive 
proof, to contain an ancient text, their character as witnesses 
must be considered to be so established, that in other places their 
testimony deserves peculiar weight. 

It is in vain for it to be objected that the readings of the ver- 
sions, on which so much stress has been laid, are purely accidents 
of transcription or translation, and that the accordance of certain 
MSS. with them is equally the result of fortuitous circumstances, 
or of arbitrary alteration. This might be plausible in the case of 
some one version ; but when there are two versions which combine 
in a definite reading, this plausibility is almost excluded ; and so 
when the according versions are three, or four, or even Jive, six, 
or seven, the balance of probabilities increases in such a ratio, as 
to amount to a moral evidence of a fact of the most convincing 
kind. 

Of course, it is fully admitted that versions may have suffered 
in the course of transmission, and that some have suffered mate- 
rially : but when the ancient versions accord, it is a pretty plain 
proof that in such passages they have not suffered ; and this is (if 
possible) still more clearly evinced, when we find that the oldest 
copies of a version (such as the Codex Amiatinus of the Vulgate) 
present in important passages a far more accordant text than is 
found in the modern MSS. or printed editions of such a version. 

So, too, as to patristic citations : — copyists have often modern- 
ized them to suit the Greek text to which they were accustomed ; 
they thus require examination (as Bentley showed*); but when 
the reading is such that it could not be altered without changing 
the whole texture of their remarks, or when they are so express in 
their testimony that such a reading is that found in such a place, 
we need not doubt that it was so in their copies. And so, too, if 
we find that the reading of early fathers agrees with other early 
testimonies in opposition to those which are later. 

Comparative Criticism admits of a threefold application — to 
MSS.' — ^versions — and fathers. The same process which I have 
used with respect to MSS., will, when applied to versions, show 
how different is the general character of the Old Latin, the 

* See Bentley's Eeply to Middleton (vol. iij. p. 523, in Dyce's edition). 



150 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

Vulgate, tlie Curetonian Sja-iac, and others, from that of the Har- 
clean Syriac, or the re- wrought Latin of the Codex Brixianus ; — 
to say nothing of those versions which are scarcely worth men- 
tioning in such an estimate, such as the Arabic and the Sclavonic. 
And so, too, the general character of the citations of Origen and 
others is sufficiently shown ; and thus we obtain a three-fold cord 
of credible testimony ; — not, be it remembered, that of witnesses 
arbitrarily assumed to be trustworthy, because of real or supposed 
antiquity, but of those valued because their internal character has 
been vindicated on grounds of simple induction of facts. 

But it is with MSS. that I have now specially to do ; let then 
the primary classification, stated in the beginning of this section, 
be compared with the estimate formed by Comparative Criticism ; 
and thus it will be clear, that the same MSS. to which, as a class, 
the first place was given on the ground of age, are those which 
deserve the same rank because of their internal character ; for in 
them as a class, or in some of them, the readings are found, the 
antiquity of which has been independently proved. 

Thus it is neither prejudice nor dogmatism to assign the highest 
place in the rank of witnesses to the most ancient MSS., followed 
by those which in text exhibit a general agreement with them : 
and thus in places of doubt and difficulty the balance of proba- 
bilities will lead to the adoption of the readings of such MSS. as 
being the best supported. The limits of variation, also, will be 
so far circumscribed, that we may dismiss from consideration the 
various readings only found in modern Greek copies, however 
numerous they may be. 

Occasionally it has been shown that the ancient reading is only 
found in one or two of the MSS. ; this is a proof what an especial 
attention is due to their united testimony. Thus the joint evi- 
dence of the Vatican MS. (B) and the Codex Bcza3 (D of the 
Gospels and Acts) has often a peculiar weight, from their alone 
(or nearly so) supporting the readings proved to be ancient. 

We need not, therefore, consider a regard for the Vatican MS. 
to be "a blind adherence to antiquity," though it is our oldest 
copy ; nor is it "unaccountable" that the Codex Bezaj should be 
valued in spite of strange interpolations. The Vatican MS. is valued 
because Comparative Criticism proves it to be good as well as old ; 



OP THE GHEEK NEW TESTAMENT. 151 

the readings of tlie Codex Bezse receive much attention, because 
the same mode of investigation shows, that, in spite of all peculi- 
arities in the MS., they possess an ascertained worth. And thus, 
as to other MSS., Comparative Criticism p?'oves their value, and 
shows how they may be confidently used as witnesses. 



APPENDIX TO SECTION 13. 

THE COLLATIONS AND CKITICAL STUDIES OF 
S. P. TREGELLES.* 

The Textual Criticism of the New Testament had occupied my attention for 
several years, before I contemplated any thing beyond employing for my own 
use the results of such studies. While feeling the importance of those verities 
which the Holy Ghost has communicated to us in the Scriptures of the New 
Testament, and while considering the doctrinal value of particular passages, 
I continually/ found it needful to refer to the statements of authorities as given 
in critical editions, such as those of Griesbach and Scholz : with the former 
of these I was familiarly acquainted ; the first volume was all that was then 
published of the latter. 

In referring to such editions, I soon found that my inquiries could not stop 
at looking at the text given by critics ; but that the authorities for or against 

* There are <rwo reasons why I should here speak of the critical labours in which I 
have been myself engaged : 1st, Because the point which I have reached in speaking of 
the historical order of facts in ]S"ew Testament criticism brings me to what I have my- 
self done ; and 2nd, Because it has been wished that I should give an account in one 
place of my collations, etc. I gave an outline of my proceedings up to Aug. 1848, in my 
"Prospectus of a Critical Edition of the Greek ^New Testament, now in preparation," 
appended to "The Book of Eevelation translated from the ancient Greek Text," (and 
also published separately) ; and some account of my more recent collations at Paris 
and ia Germany were given in letters addressed to Dr. Kitto, which appeared in his 
Journal of Sacred Literature for July and October, 1850. The Appendix to my " Lec- 
ture on the Historic Evidence of the Authorship and Transmission of the Books of 
the New Testament," contains a compendious statement of what I have done, and the 
principles of criticism which I use in applying the materials that I have collected. 
None, I beheve, who value critical studies, will think that I have gone out of my way 
to bring my own labours unduly before the attention of others. 



152 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

particular readings of importance needed to be habitually consulted, if I wished 
to follow evidence^ and not the authority of editors. 

Scholz's first volume was published in 1830; the second did not appear till 
1836 : prior to that year, I made a particular examination, in the Gospels, 
of those readings which he rejects in his inner margin as Alexandrian: in the 
course of this examination, and with continued reference to the authorities 
which he cited, I observed what a remarkable body of witnesses stood in 
opposition to the text which he had adopted as Constantinopolitan. Thus I 
learned that the most ancient MSS. were witnesses against his text ; and not 
only so, but when I sought to ascertain the character of these MSS. them- 
selves, I found that they were continually supported by many of the older 
versions. Thus, then, it was to my mind a proved fact, that readings could 
be pointed out, certainly belonging to the earlier centuries ; and that a text 
might be formed, which, if not genuine, was at least ancient ; and, if such 
readings ought to be rejected, I felt that the proof Yfhxch. would warrant this 
should be very strong. 

While engaged in this examination, I went all through St. Matthew's 
Gospel, writing in the margin of a Greek Testament those well-supported 
readings which Scholz rejected. This was, of course, wholly for my own use : 
but I saw that, as a general principle, the modern MSS. can have no authority 
apart from ancient evidence, and that it is the ancient MSS. alone (although 
comparatively few in number), which show within what limits we have to 
look as to the real ancient text. 

Hence there arose before my mind an earnest desire that some scholar, 
possessed of the needful qualifications, mental, moral, and spiritual, and who 
had leisure for such a work, would undertake an edition resting on ancient 
authorities only, and in which the citations from MSS. might be given as 
correctly as possible. For I saw, from the discrepancies of the citations in 
Griesbach and Scholz, that something ought to be done to remove such dis- 
crepancies, by re-examining the original MSS., or at least the best and most 
complete collations. 

Although I approved of Griesbach's text in many of the places in which 
Scholz follows the modern copies, yet I was not satisfied : for he did not take 
the decisive step of disregarding the Textus Receptus altogether, and forming 
a text resting on the best authorities throughout. I could not help regard- 
ing it as rather a patch-work performance ;* for, unless every word rested on 
ancient authority, I was not satisfied. 

Thus there had arisen before my mind a plan for a Greek New Testament, 
in which it was proposed — 

1st. — To form a text on the avihority of ancient copies, without allowing the 
*■'' received text^'' any prescriptive right. 

* Subsequent studies have probably led me to regard Griesbach's critical labours 
more highly than I was tlien capable of doing ; although his text, as such, still must 
appear to me to present a kind of incongruous mixture in its character. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 153 

2nd. — To give to the ancient versions a determining voice ^ as to the insertion 
or non-insertion of clauses, etc.; letting the order of words, etc., rest wholly 
upon MSS. 

3rd. — To give the authorities for the text, and for the various readings, 
clearly and accurately, so that the reader might at once see what rests upon 
ancient evidence. 

As to the formation of a text, I then thought rather of giving well- 
supported ancient readings, and stating all the evidence, than expressing any 
very decided judgment of my own. I should not, however, have given the 
" Received Text," except when supported by competent ancient authorities. 

When the plan of a Greek Testament was thus far arranged in my own 
mind, in August, 1838, I prepared a specimen. A passage which had pecu^ 
liarly occupied my attention, in connection with the ancient readings, was 
Colossians ii. 2. I had seen that whatever the genuine reading might be, and 
however doubtful it be, as a matter of evidence, which reading is true, yet 
still Griesbach and Scholz had alike departed from all ancient authority in the 
reading which they gave. This led me to take my specimen from the Epistle 
to the Colossians. I took the common Greek text, and struck the words out 
in all places in which the ancient MSS. varied at all; I then assumed the 
uncancelled words as genuine and indisputable ; and as to the gaps thus made 
in the text, I filled them in (unless preponderating authority required an 
omission) as I judged the ancient evidence to demand. I was quite unaware 
at that time, that any one had adopted principles at all similar ; I had supposed 
that I stood alone in wholly casting aside the " received text." * I do not say 
this as claiming any merit on the ground of originality, but rather as it 
may be satisfactory to some to find that the same (or nearly the same) end 
has been reached through different paths of study. It was some time before 
I apprehended how far Dr. Lachmann had already acted on what I believed 
to be the true plan ; for, as he only had developed his principles in German 
(a language of which I then knew nothing), and as his whole system was 
completely misunderstood in this country, I unfortunately remained in the 
same want of apprehension as others. I knew of his edition, but I was not 
aware of the claims which it had on my attention. 

Subsequently to the preparation of the Specimen of which I have just 
spoken, I made it my habit to examine in my leisure time (which was not 
very much) various editions of the New Testament : with Lachmann's, which 
I again took up, I was dissatisfied, from the authorities not being given orT 
which he based his text, and also from his speaking at the end of Eastern 
testimonies as those which he would prefer : this led me (in common with 
many others), for some time to suppose Lachmann to be a follower of the 

* The specimen, as then drawn up, I have still by me; I had there placed in the 
margin the MS. authorities which contain the portion of the text, with an indication 
where any of them are defective, in the same manner as they stand in my published 
specimen ; and just as they have been given (wholly independently, I believe,) by 
Mr. Alford. 



154 AN ACCOUNT OP THE PRINTED TEXT 

critical principles of Scholz, instead of being the very opposite. But, even if 
I had fully apprehended Lachmann's plan, it would not have satisfied me ; for 
a leading thought in my mind was, to give the full statement of all the ancient 
authointies ; so that, be the true reading what it may, the reader would see 
within what limits the variation of evidence is confined ; nor would the princi- 
ples of Lachmann's text have been altogether satisfactory ; for nothing that 
resembles a mechanical following of authorities is the proper mode of apply- 
ing critical principles, nor could I confine the testimony of versions to the 
Latin only. As to relying on the ancient authorities irrespective of modern 
variations or received readings, I should be almost of the same judgment as 
Lachmann ; and this was the critical principle which I had adopted before I 
understood those which he had previously formed and applied. 

From the time when my first specimen was prepared, I kept the object of 
editing a Greek New Testament before me. I have increasingly felt the 
importance of the object ; believing such an undertaking, if entered on in the 
fear of God, to be really service to Him, from its setting forth more accurately 
His word. 

After I felt the importance of the object, I mentioned it to any whom I 
thought at all competent to undertake it, and who possessed more leisure than 
myself for such a work. Some who saw my specimen understood what I 
meant, some did not : no one took it up, and I gradually pursued the studies 
and the critical examinations, which I found as I went on to be needful, if 
such a work were ever executed. 

In the course of my studies, I was of necessity led to become more accu- 
rately acquainted with the ancient versions ; and thus I knew their value to 
be much greater, in all points of evidence, than I had at first supposed. For, 
so far from their being merely witnesses to the insertion or non-insertion of 
clauses^ I learned that they were continually explicit in their testimony as to 
minute points. When Fleck's collation of the Codex Amiatinus of Jerome's 
Latin version was published, in 1840 (imperfect and inaccurate as that colla- 
tion is), it was highly satisfactory to me to find in what a vast number of 
passages it confirms the oldest Greek readings, in opposition to the modern 
Clementine Vulgate. This was a valuable confirmation of the critical princi- 
ples which I had adopted. It was soon however evident, that Fleck's collation 
could not be relied on for completeness or accuracy — a fact which I had the 
fullest opportunity of confirming a few years afterwards. 

I need not here detail the hindrances in my way : although from time to 
time I did something, yet I was often stopped : at length, in the end of 1841 and 
in 1842, after thinking over the peculiarly incorrect condition of the Greek 
text of the Book of Revelation, and also how desirable it is that the mere 
English reader should be in possession of this book translated from accurate 
readings, I formed a Greek text of this book, from ancient authorities and an 
English translation. This was published in June, 1844. I then gave some 
account of the critical principles on which I had acted, and announced my 
intention of editing the Greek Testament with various readings. 



OF THE GREEK NEAV TESTAMENT. 155 

I have had cause for thankfulness, in connection with the text of the Apo- 
calypse which I edited. It has been used in this country by expositors of 
that book, whose schemes of interpretation have been the most different from 
one another. I trust that I may regard this as a proof that I succeeded in one 
part, at least, of my endeavour; namely, to give, without bias or prejudice, the 
text which, according to the evidence, I believed to belong to the truth of 
God's word. 

After the publication of the Greek and English Kevelation, I applied myself 
almost unremittingly to my Greek Testament. I found that it was important, 
whenever practicable, to collate the ancient MSS. in uncial letters over again, 
in order to avoid, if possible, the errors which are found in existing collations, 
and to this part of the work I devoted myself. 

The mode in which I proceeded with my collations was the following : — 

I procured many copies of the same edition of the Greek Kew Testament, 
so that all the MSS. might be compared with exactly the same text. 

When a MS. was before me, I marked in one of these copies every varia- 
tion, however slight ; I noted the beginning of every page^ column^ and line, 
so that I can produce the text of every MS. which I have collated, line for 
line. This gave a kind of certainty to my examinations, and I was thus pre- 
vented from hastily overlooking readings. I marked all readings which are 
corrections by a later hand, and all erasures, etc. At leisure, I compared my 
collation with any others which had been previously published ; and I made 
in my note-book a list of all variations (such as readings differently given, 
or readings not noticed by former collators) ; then I went over this list 
with the MS., re-examining all these passages ; and, to prevent all doubt, / 
made a separate memorandum of every discrepancy^ so that, in all such cases, 
I feel an absolute certainty as to the readings of the MSS. 

I used, of course, a separate Greek Testament for each collation ; otherwise 
the marks of various readings, beginning of lines, etc., would have caused 
inextricable confusion. 

Also I traced one whole page, in facsimile, of each MS. which I collated 
when abroad : this is often important, for the vrriting of a MS. is one of the 
criteria as to its age, etc. 

These details of my proceedings, as to the mode of collation, and the parti- 
culars which I give of the different MSS. which I have examined, are mostly 
for the information of those who have some acquaintance with biblical criti- 
cism. The letters A, B, C, etc., in connection with MSS., are the marks of 
reference used in critical works in denoting the respective MSS. 

Before I went abroad in 1845, I had collated the Codex Atjgibnsis (F of 
St. Paul's Epistles) in the library of Trinity College, Cambridge, to which 
the Rev. W. Carus, with great kindness, procured me access. This is an 
important MS., and the collation previously published is only partial, and not 
very accurate. It was made by Wetstein, who gathered certain readings from 
it, during a very short time when he saw it at Heidelberg. As it has been 
supposed that this MS. was a copy of the Codex Boernerianus (G of St. Paul's 



156 AN ACCOUNT OF THE FEINTED TEXT 

Epistles) at Dresden, or vice versa, it was important to be able to compare the 
readings of this MS. in all places, with those of that Codex (published by 
Matthaei in 1791). While this re-collation of F proved that, in many places, 
it agreed with G, in readings previously unnoticed, yet it was abundantly 
evident that neither of these MSS. was copied from the other : both probably 
were transcribed from the same exemplar. 

One principal object which I had in going abroad was to endeavour to 
collate for myself the "Vatican MS. (B). This important document was col- 
lated for Bentley by an Italian named Mico, and this collation was published 
in 1799 ; it was subsequently collated (with the exception of the Gospels of 
Luke and John) by Birch. A third collation (made previously to either of 
these, in 1669,) by Bartolocci, remains in MS. at Paris.* As this is the most 
important of all New Testament MSS., I had compared the two published 
collations carefully with each other : I found that they differed in nearly two 
thousand places ; many of these discrepancies were readings noticed by one 
and not by the other. I went to Rome, and during the five months that I 
was there, I sought diligently to obtain permission to collate the MS. accu- 
rately, or at least to examine it in the places in which Birch and Bentley differ 
with regard to its readings. All ended in disappointment. I often saw the 
MS., but I was hindered from transcribing any of its readings. I read, 
however, many passages, and have since noted down several important read- 
ings. The following are of some moment : Rom. v. 1, exaifxeu is the original 
reading of the MS. (thus agreeing with the other more ancient MSS. etc.) ; a 
later hand has changed this into e;j(o/xej/. The collations of Birch, Bentley, and 
Bartolocci, do not notice this passage. In Rom. viii. 11, the MS. reads 8ia to 
evoLKovv avTov rrvevfia : to notice this reading explicitly is of the more import- 
ance, because Griesbach and Scholz cite the Vatican MS. as an authority for 
the other reading (which, however, they reject), 8ia tov €voikovvtos avrov nvev- 
fiaros. 

My especial object at the Vatican was thus entirely frustrated ; and this I 
regret the more from my increased conviction of the value and importance of 
the Vatican MS. I inspected several other MSS. in the Vatican library; I 
was only, however, able to consult them in particular passages. One of these 
is tbe Codex Basilianus (B in the Apocalypse : the Vatican MS. is defective 
in that book) ; one of the three ancient copies which contain the Revelation. 
From the very defective character of the collation of this MS. which was 
communicated to Wetstein, it was supposed that this MS. had many chasms. 
By transcribing the first and last line of every page, I obtained certain proof 
that the MS. contains the Revelation entire : besides this, I was allowed to 
trace four pages. Tischendorf has since published the text of this MS. (not a 
facsimile edition) ; in a few places, he has, however, erred as to the readings ; 
— in Rev. xvi. 9, he reads Tr)v e^ovaiav, — the MS. really omits ttjv : in Rev. 
xvi. 12, he reads top ^eyav tov e(})paTy]v, — the second tou is not in the MS. I 

* This I copied in the Bibliothcquc du Roi, iu 1849. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 157 

do not mention these particulars in order to find fault with Tischendorf, to 
whose critical labours I am so deeply indebted ; but for the sake of that accu- 
racy in little things which has an importance in all that relates to textual 
criticism. From having a facsimile tracing of that part of the MS., I am able 
to make these corrections with certainty.* 

It is needless to dwell on the detail of my annoyances at the Vatican : there 
was one repetition of promises made and then broken; — hopes held out which 
came to nothing. All that I could actually do there was through the real kind- 
ness of the late Cardinal Acton, whose efforts were unremitting to procure me 
access to the Vatican MS. Cardinal Acton at once obtained permission for 
me (which had been previously refused) to collate in the Bibliotheca Angelica. 
The introduction, etc., which I brought from Bishop (now Cardinal) Wise- 
man to Dr. Grant, then the Principal of the English College at Rome, was 
utterly useless. I must speak with gratitude of the efforts to aid my object 
on the part of Abbate Francesco Battelli, and of Dr. Joseph Nicholson 
(since Bishop of Hierapolis in partibus, and coadjutor to the Roman Catholic 
Archbishop of Corfu). 

I now have to speak of collations not merely attempted but executed ; all 
these collations having been made in the manner above described. 

At Rome, I collated the Codex Passionei, containing the Acts and Catholic 
Epistles (G), and those of St. Paul (J) : this MS. is in the Bibliotheca 
Angelica, belonging to the Augustine monastery, to which access was allowed 
me by Dr. Giuseppe Palermo, the librarian. 

At Florence, I collated the New Testament part of the Codex Amiatinus ; 
a most important MS. of the Latin translation of Jerome, belonging to the 
sixth century. I have to acknowledge the kindness which I received at the 
Laurentian library, from Signor del Furia, the librarian, and the aid afforded 
me there as to all I wished to examine. The Codex Amiatinus had been 
previously collated, partly by Fleck, and partly for him ; this collation is, 
however, so defective, and so inaccurate in many important respects, that it 
gives a very inadequate idea of the real text of this noble MS. Fleck's (so 
called) facsimile, too, gives no proper representation of the regular and beau- 

* Tischendorf has <iuestioned my accuracy as to one of these passages since I first 
published them: he says (N. Test. Proleg. p. Ixxiv.), "Ibi paucis aliquot locis, certe 
duobus, errorem se deprehendisse, nupei-rime indicavit Tregelles (A Prospectus of a 
Critical Edition, etc. p. 20) legendum enim esse xvj. 9, e^ovcrtav non ttjv e^ova-iav (quod 
vereor ne ipse male videret) et xvj. 12, ec^paxjjv non tov e<f>paTr)v." I will freely allow that 
Tischendorf 's eyes are better as to strength than mine are noio ; in 1845, however, I 
saw both clearly and easily ; and, as to this passage, mistake was excluded by my 
having made a facsimile tracing. 

(t.iya • K^ ej3Aa(r^7j^i}(rav hi avot to ovofia 
tot) 6v tow exovTOse^ovcrCav inX ras tAtj 
ya^ravTOLS . kol ovixeTev6r)<Tav Sovvai av 

The letters stand thus: the final s of exovTos being under /«, in the one line, and above 
M in the other : the initial e of e^ovaiav has -q above it and e below it. 



158 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

tiful writing of the MS., nor even of the stichometry of the lines : it could 
not have been traced from the MS. itself.* 

At Modena, Count Giovanni Gal,vani, the librarian at the ducal palace, 
enabled me to use the Codex Mutinensis, 196. The ancient writing of this 
MS. (H) contains only the Acts of the Apostles (with some chasms) ; the 
Catholic and Pauline Epistles are in a later hand : this MS. had been examined 
previously with so little exactitude, that my collation was virtually the first ; 
except, indeed, that of Tischendorf, with which I afterwards became ac- 
quainted, but which, except extracts, remains unpublished. 

At Venice, I collated the Codex Nanii (U of the Gospels), now in the 
library of St. Mark : no collation of this MS. had been previously published, 
except as to particular places. Although the general text is that of the later 
copies, yet in many remarkable readings it accords with the Alexandrian (or 
more ancient) class of MSS. The librarians at St. Mark's, Venice, who 
kindly afforded me the fullest access to all that I wanted, were Dr. Giuseppe 
Valentinelli, and (the late) Signor Andrea Baretta. Those who know 
how MoNTrAucoN was treated, a century and a half ago, at the library of 
St. Mark (see his *' Diarium Italicum," page 41) will understand how gladly 
I acknowledge this courtesy. I know by experience what Montfaucon de- 
scribes, for I have met elsewhere with the same kind of exclusion.-}" 

At Munich I collated the Codex Monacensis (X) of the Gospels (formerly 
Landshutensis, and previously Ingoldstadiensis). This MS. is now in the 
University Library at Munich, having been removed, with the university, 
first from Ingoldstadt to Landshut, and thence to its present location. Through 
the kindness of the late Dr. Harter, one of the librarians, I was able to use 
this MS. out of the library; and this, of course, facilitated my labour in col- 
lating it. 

The readings of this MS. are commonly ancient ; but, interspersed with the 
uncial text, there is a commentary in cur sice letters : it would seem as if its 
text had been transcribed from some ancient copy, of which even the form of 
the letters was in some measure imitated. The condition of this MS. (X) is 
such as to render its collation in parts extremely difficult : some of the leaves 
have become brown, while the ink has faded to a sort of yellow. *' Parce 
oculis tuis," was the expression of the kind librarian, Dr. Harter, when he 
saw me engaged in the collation of one of the almost obliterated pages of this 

* I afterwards found that Tischendorf had collated this Latin MS. ; he has since 
published its text from his and my separate collations ; in that volume he has given a 
lithographed facsimile of about a quarter of a page, executed from the whole one 
"which I made when at Florence. 

t In speaking of this MS., I may mention that it is the only uncial copy in which I 
remember to have observed a j905^8cribed iota. In this MS. this is found once. Matt. 
XXV. 15, where wi (i. e. w) occurs. I have not seen a ^wi-scribed iota in any uncial docu- 
ment. Lachmann points out that in the Codex Bczaj, Mar. i. 34, rjiStcrai' (i. e. fihuaav) 
occurs ; and that in the Codex Boernerianus (G Epp.), Eph. vi. G, is found lit n?, 
where the blundering copyist may have thought that >?tis was a word in which the 
iota mioht or should bo added. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 159 

Codex, — one on which he felt sure that nothing could be read. In this MS., 
the order of the Gospels now is, John, Luke, Mark, MattJiew ; but before the 
beginning of John there stand two injured leaves, to one of which I have just 
alluded. Tischendorf, in his description of this MS., seems to have entirely 
overlooked them. They contain part of Matthew, commencing ch. vi. 3 (in 
fragments of lines at first), and ending at verse 10. Also in the Commentary/ 
Matt. V. 45 is found. The statement of Schol7., that this MS. is defective up 
to Matt. V. 40, is not quite correct, though more so than that of Tischendorf, 
who overlooked these earlier fragments. 

In connexion with this MS., I may express my obligation to Dr. Scholz for 
the aid which he gave me, during his visit to England, previous to my going 
on the continent, by informing me where different MSS. (and this one in 
particular) are now to be found. 

At Basle, I collated the Codex Basileensis B vi. 21 (E of the Gospels). 
Besides comparing my collation with that of Wetstein, and verifying all dis- 
crepancies, I had, through the kindness of Professor Muller, of Basle, the 
opportunity of using a collation which he had himself made of this same M S. 
I also collated that part of the MS. B vi. 27, which contains the Gospels (1). 
This MS., though written in cursive letters, is, in the Gospels, of great 
importance, from the character of the text which it contains. To the late 
Professor De Wette I am under great obligation, for the kindness with which 
he procured me the use of these MSS. out of the library. 

I returned to England in 1846, disappointed indeed as to the Vatican MS., 
but well satisfied that the time had not been wasted, which I had devoted to 
the re-collation of other documents ; for I thus learned how often I should 
merely have repeated the errors of others, if I had not re-examined the docu- 
ments for myself. 

In 1847, I collated (G of the Gospels) the Codex Harleianus 5684 in the 
British Museum. Of this same MS. there exists a fragment in the library 
of Trinity College, Cambridge, which I met with in 1845, while examining 
Bentley's books and papers. In that marked B. 17, 20, there are two frag- 
ments of vellum with a part of the Gospels on them, written in uncial letters, 
placed loosely in some pieces of more modern Greek MS. in cursive characters. 
The Rev. John Wordsworth (who took great pains in describing, etc.. Bent- 
ley's papers) says in the catalogue, " The two loose scraps are copies of some 
other MS." It appeared, however, plain that they were really ancient frag- 
ments. Accordingly, I made a facsimile of each. One of them struck me as 
certainly in the same handwriting as G, which I had inspected several years 
before. On re-examining my facsimile with G, this persuasion amounted to 
a certainty ; the writing was identical with that of the former part of G ; 
and in calculating the lines in a page, etc., this fragment would form half a 
leaf (the outer column being gone). It contains part of Matt, v., ver. 29-31 
and 39-43. This MS. was one of the two Codices Seidelii, both which after- 
wards were in the possession of Wolf, of Hamburg. Wolf says, in his 
description of this MS., that it commenced at Matt. vi. 6 (as it does now), so 



160 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

that this fragment must have been separated previously. The other MS. of 
the Gospels, which Wolf possessed, is denoted H, and at the time when I found 
these fragments, its present location was unknown ; but, as I had identified 
the one fragment with G, the other was (I had no doubt) part of H. This 
second fragment contains part of Luke i., — ver. 3, 6eo<piXe to 6, naa-ais rai — 
(the lines having all lost about ten letters at the end), and ver. 13, avrov 6 
ayycXos, to 16, e/c Koikias: (the lines having similarly lost about ten letters at 
the beginning). This fragment is on thickish vellum, and it seems as if it 
had been cut round with a knife. How could these fragments get into Bent- 
ley's possession ? Who could have been guilty of thus wantonly mutilating 
Greek MSS. ? 

Some years afterwards, I noticed the following passage in Wolf's letter to 
Bentley, of Oct. 1, 1721 : "Ut de aetate ac conditione utriusque Codicis eo 
rectius judicium formari posset, adjeci specimina, A et B signata, quibus in 
coUatione ipsa [a Wolfio sc. Bentleii gratia instituta] designantur." Could 
these " specimina" mean bits of the MSS. themselves? I looked again at my 
facsimiles, and there, indeed, were the letters A and B (at the top of the one 
and the foot of the other) ; and thus it actually appeared that Wolf had been 
the mutilator of his own MSS. ! This was a yet further proof that the frag- 
ment marked A is part of the Codex G. And thus, though I had not yet 
seen the MS. H (which came to light at Hamburg), it was a matter of cer- 
tainty that the other fragment belonged to it. Having thus brought home the 
charge to Wolf of mutilating his MSS., by the coincidence of his statement 
with the discovery of the fragments themselves, of course it is clear how to 
understand what Wetstein says of H, " Specimen istius Codicis a possessore 
mihi missum vidi Amstelodami mense Januario, an. 1734." 

In 1848, I remodelled the translation of the Book of Revelation, which I 
had previously published : it now appeared without the Greek, but with the 
text more closely conformed to the ancient MSS. In 1844, it was impossible 
to do this absolutely ; but after the publication of the Codex Basilianus, I 
was able to follow ancient authority as to every word. This edition was 
accompanied with a Prospectus of the Greek Testament, on which I was 
occupied ; and it was the means of making me acquainted with several points 
which were of some importance for me to know, such as the present place of 
deposit of the MS. H. 

In the early part of 1849, through the kindness of the Rev. Wm. Cureton, 
I became acquainted with the very important and valuable Syriac copy of 
part of the Gospels, to which he first drew attention amongst the MSS. in the 
British Museum from the Nitrian monasteries.* It was extremely confirming 
to the critical opinions which I had previously formed and published, to find 

* The MS. of the Curetonian Syriac Gospels, in its present mutilated condition, 
contains Matt. i. to viii. 22 ; from x'. 31 to xxiii, 25. Of St. Mark, there are only the con- 
cluding verses of the last chapter (ver. 17 to 20), Then follows St. John i. 1—42, and 
from iii. 6 to vii. 37. There are also fragments of Johnxiv. 11—29. St. Luke begins 
in iL 48 to iii. 16, then from vii. 33 to xv. 21, from xvii. 24 to xxiv. 44. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 161 

the text of this hitherto unknown version, altogether ancient in its readings, 
and thus an important witness to the ancient text. It was worth my while to 
have learned Syriac, if it had only been that it enabled me to use the Cureto- 
nian Syriac version for myself. 

When Professor Tischendorf was bringing out his second Leipsic edition of 
the Greek Testament, he sent me the part containing the Gospels before the 
volume was completed : this led me to compare the readings which he has 
cited, in that part of the New Testament, out of any MSS. which I had 
collated, with the variations which I had noted : I immediately sent the result 
to Tischendorf, so that, when the complete volume appeared in the summer of 
1849, he gave corrigenda in his Prolegomena, as to the readings of the MSS. 
of the Gospels E G U X. 

In 1849, I was again able to go abroad to collate ; and I then remained at 
Paris for several weeks. I first collated Codex Claromontanus, D of St. Paul's 
Epistles ; a MS. of peculiar value, both because of its antiquity and its text : 
although beautifully written, it is difficult to collate, from the number of 
correctors who have interfered with the original text. The primary reading 
is, however, almost invariably discernible. 

The collation of the Codex Vaticanus made by Bartolocci is amongst the 
MSS. of the library at Paris (No. 53) ; I transcribed it as a contribution to 
the correct knowledge of what that MS. contains : this collation is, however, 
very imperfect, though useful as sometimes supplying readings omitted by 
Bentley or Birch, and as confirming one or the other of the two collations. 

Next I began to collate the Codex Cyprius, K of the Gospels ; but a few 
days after I had commenced, a severe attack of cholera brought me very low ; 
and though, through the mercy of God, it was not long before I was conva- 
lescent, I was so weakened, that it was impossible for me to resume my colla- 
tions until after a considerable interval. 

In the spring of 1850 I returned to Paris ; and after finishing the collation 
of the Codex Cyprius, I took up the Colbert MS. 2844. This MS., in cur- 
sive letters, is noted 33 in the Gospels, 13 Acts and Cath. Epp., and 17 in 
St. Paul's Epistles. This is the MS. which Eichhorn speaks of as full of the 
most excellent and oldest readings; styling it "the Queen of the MSS. in 
cursive letters." * It had not, however, received such attention from collators 
as it merits : this may probably have arisen from its injured condition, which 
is such as to make it a work of great difficulty to collate it with accuracy ; 
the time, too, needed for this is greater than what most of those who merely 
examine MSS. would like to expend on one document. Larroque, whose 
extracts were used by Mill, collated this MS. very negligently. Griesbach 
recollated eighteen chapters of St. Matthew, from which he gathered about 
three hundred readings not noticed by Larroque. He also made some extracts 

* " Der Text ist vol! der vortrefflichsten und altesten Lesarten. Die Konigin 

unter den Cursiv geschriebenen Handschriften." Einleitung in N. T. v. 217. 

12 



162 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

from the Epistles. It was his desire that some scholar who had access to the 
Bibliotheque du Roi would carefully recollate this excellent MS.* 

Although Scholz speaks of having collated this MS. entirely, yet his exa- 
mination of it must have been very cursory; for he cites readings from it 
utterly unlike those which it actually contains, besides a vast number of 
omissions. I have taken particular care to be certain of the readings which I 
cite, by re-examining with the MS. everything in which I differ from others. 

It is difficult to convey a just notion of the present defaced condition of 
this MS. The leaves, especially in the lower part, have been grievously 
injured by damp ; so that part of the vellum is utterly destroyed. The leaves 
have often stuck together, and, in separating them, parts have been entirely 
defaced. The book of Acts is in the worst condition : the leaves there were 
so firmly stuck together, that, when they were separated, the ink has adhered 
rather to the opposite page than to its own ; so that, in many leaves, the MS. 
can only be read by observing how the ink has set off (as would be said of a 
printed book), and thus reading the Greek words backwards ; I thus obtained 
the reading of every line from many pages, where nothing could be seen on 
the page itself: in some places, where part of a leaf is wholly gone from 
decay, the wTiting which was once on it can be read from the set-off. It 
might be thought by some unaware of this, that readings were quoted hy 
mere blunder from parts of the MS. which no longer exist. 

I have had some experience in the collation of MSS. ; but none has ever 
been so wearisome to my eyes, and exhaustive of every faculty of attention, 
as this was.f 

After this valuable but wearying MS., I collated Codex Campensis, M of 
the Gospels. 

Then I re-examined the Codex Claromontanus, D of St. Paul's Epistles ; 
so as to compare my collation with that of Tischendorf, especially as to cor- 
rections of different hands. That I might form a more accurate judgment, 
I made a facsimile of the different kinds of alterations, and then classified the 
others according to their agreement in form of letters, ink, etc. 

A few months before my stay in Paris, in 1850, M. Achille Joubinal had 
published a pamphlet complaining of the carelessness with which (he said) the 
MSS. in the Bibliotheque du Roi are kept. He said that thirty-four leaves of 

* " Perquam negligenter codicem hunc coutuHt Larroquius, cujus excerptis usus est 
Millius. Equidem denuo excussi XVIII. capita Matthcei, atque ex his coUegi 300 cir- 
citer lectiones ab illo prsetermissas. Praoterea ex epistolis decerpsi etiam nonnullas, 
. . . Utinam vir doctus, cui aditus adbibliotliecam Regiam patet, reliquas etiam oodicia 
egregii partes denuo et accurate conferat!" — Griesbach. Symh. Crit. i. p.clxviii. 

t This MS. contains parts of the Prophets; then all the New Testament (except the 
Apocalypse) in a very peculiar ovdei',— the Gospels last. It is clear, however, that the 
Gospels did once immediately follow the Prophets ; for the writing in the beginning 
of St. Matthew is just like that with which the Prophets end. The handwriting 
gradually changes a little, so that the end of St. John is just like the commencement 
of the conteuts of tlie Epistles. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 163 

the Codex Claromontanus, which had been cut out by Aymon, and sold to the 
Earl of Oxford in 1707, and restored by him (in 1729), had again disappeared. 
As I had examined this part of the MS., as well as the rest, in 1849, I was 
surprised at the statement, as well as grieved. However, I had the satisfac- 
tion to find that this was all a stupidly and shamefully erroneous assertion ; 
the leaves were as safe as when I had collated them in the May preceding. 
They still remain in Lord Oxford's binding, with a label appended to them 
to record his liberality in restoring them to the Paris library. They are kept 
among other show books in a glass case, as conspicuous in that library as 
"Charlemagne's Bible" is in the British Museum. 

There was a single leaf lying loose in the MS., which had also been 
separated and sold by Aymon (folio 149), at the foot of which is written, 
"Feuillet renvoye de Hollande par Mr. Stosch, Mars 1720." To render this 
less liable to abstraction, I procured it to be fixed into its place before I left 
Paris.* My critical labours at Paris concluded with making facsimiles of 
the MSS. and fragments (besides those which I have spoken of as collated by 
myself) L and W of the Gospels, and H (the Coislin fragments) of St. Paul's 
Epistles. The text of these three documents has been published. 

The kindness and courtesy of M. Hase, " Ancien Conservateur" of the 
library, deserve to be gratefully mentioned by me ; I have also to express my 
obligation to M. Emmanuel Mllleb, an assistant-librarian in 1849, and to 
M. Letronne (son of the late well-known Academician), who occupied the 
same place in 1850. 

At Hamburg, through Dr. Petersen's kindness, I was allowed to have 
access to the city library for twice the number of hours that it is commonly 
open. Here I collated the Codex Seidelii, H of the Gospels, which no one 
seems to have used critically since the very inaccurate and defective collation 
of Wolf. Of course, I found that the fragment in the library of Trinity 
College, Cambridge, belongs to it."|" 

I also collated the Uffenbach fragment of the Epistle to the Hebrews (53 
Paul) twice, with what care I could. 

At Berlin, whither I next went, I saw much of Prof. Lachmann : he dis- 
cussed many points connected with New Testament criticism ; it was very 

* I am sorry to say that I found another of M. Joubinal's accusations to be more 
authentic. He says that the leaf of the Old Testament part of the Codex Ephraemi, 
from which the facsimile was made for Tischendorf's edition of its text, has disap- 
peared. I had seen it in July, 1849, lying loose at the end of the MS., but in the spring 
of 1850 it was gone : I also found that in the printed edition of the New Testament 
part of this Codex, the hthographed facsimile had been abstracted. I was able to 
secm-e the original leaf of the MS. from which this had been taken, by causing it to be 
fixed into its place. 

t The Codex Seidelii of St. John's Gospel, of which MichaeHs speaks (Marsh's 
translation, ii. p. 215. note), as never having been collated, is only this copy imder a 
mistaken description. Bentley heard of such a MS. of St. John having belonged to 
Seidel, and he wrote in 1721 to La Croze to procure for him a collation of its text : the 
reply shows that it was this MS. of the four Gospels, H. It is time to weed lists 
of MSS. of those things which ought never to have been introduced into them. 



164 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

interesting to hear from himself an explanation of his plan, etc., in his Greek 
Testament. He showed me the hooks from which he has condensed his Latin 
readings. These collations are very nicely inserted in different Latin New 
Testaments. I regret exceedingly that they have not been published ; for 
they would form a valuable contribution to the criticism of the Vulgate. For 
instance, in 1 Pet. iii. 21, the addition found in the common Vulgate, "deglu- 
tiens mortem, ut vitae aeternae heredes efficeremur," is enclosed in Lachmann's 
edition within brackets, with the note, "om. F. al^ showing that it is omitted 
in the Codex Fuldensis and another. To what other he refers, it is of some 
importance to know ; for Porson (whose knowledge of Latin biblical MSS. 
was great) says of this passage, that the Lectionarium Luxoviense (some read- 
ings of which were published by Mabillon) was the only copy then known 
that was free from that addition. The codex alius, however, to which Lach- 
mann alluded, is one of the excellent MSS. at VVolfenbiittel mentioned in his 
Prolegomena. I entreated Lachmann to publish his Latin collations, — little 
thinking how soon this scholar was to be taken from us. 

I went to Leipsic, to compare my collations with some of those executed by 
TiscHENDORF. For our mutual benefit I made the comparison of our respec- 
tive collations of K, U, and X of the Gospels, of H, and G (Cod. Passionei) 
of the Acts, of the Epistles J (Cod. Passionei). I also recompared my colla- 
tion of E of the Gospels with that of Professor M tiller, which I had seen at 
Basle, four years before, and I examined it with Tischendorf's own collation. 
The MS. 1 in the Gospels had been collated by Dr. Roth, and I compared his 
collation with mine. These were all the MSS. of which Tischendorf had 
collations available for comparison ; those whose text he has published, he had 
copied. I made out lists of all discrepancies, so that I might get the varia- 
tions recompared in the MSS. themselves, so as to ensure (as far as possible) 
perfect accuracy. 

I communicated to Tischendorf my examination of his extracts from the 
Codex Claromontanus ; my notes served to correct some oversights of his, and 
to confirm him in other places.* 

* In Tiscliendorrs edition of the Codex Claromontanus, the notes of the corrections 
of different hands fill in the Appendix sixty-two quarto pages, in double columns. All 
these Greek corrections I recompared with the MS., and they are printed from his and 
my notes ; sometimes indeed we differed as to lohich hand had made the correction, 
and then Tischendorf has given simply his own opinion; but as to the corrections 
themselves, I can certify that they are all in the copy. In all these places I was careful 
to ascertain the original reading of the MS,, of which there can scarcely ever be a 
doubt. Whoever compares these corrections of D in Tischendorf's Greek Testament 
with, the Appendix to Codex Claromontanus, wdl see that many amendments have 
been introduced. 

In 1 Cor. viii. 4, 1 read the line 

nepiAeTHcr'lJcoceajcoTM 

as originally written ; and I noted that OTM had afterwards been erased; (a later 
hand has changed rNtOCOCIJC into BpCUCecOC). On this, however, Tischen- 



OP THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 165 

At Dresden I examined the Codex Boemerianus (G Paul.) especially as to 
those places in which its text, as published by Matthaei, differs from that of F. 
The resemblance of this MS. to the Codex Sangallensis, A of the Gospels 
(published in a lithographed facsimile by Rettig), is even more evident in 
looking at the MS. itself, than in examining the facsimile specimen in Mat- 
thgei. At the beginning of the Codex Boemerianus there is one leaf, and at 
the end there are eleven, written on in a later hand exactly like that of the 
leaves prefixed to the Codex Sangallensis. It is thus evident that these MSS. 
are the severed parts of the same book.* 

On my return towards England^ I examined the palimpsest fragments of 
the Gospels P and Q in the library at Wox,r£NBUTTBL : I think that the book 
in which they are, contains faint traces of more old writing than has as yet 

dorf observes, " non possum quin Tregellium el. errasse existimem, nuntiantem post 
BpCUCetOC additum incodiceesse OTII." I can only repeat that the vellum 
bears traces that these three letters were once there, as may be observed by a person 
accustomed to read erasures in ancient MSS., when this page is held in the proper 
light. Of course each one must hold his own opinion ; but Tischendorf might have 
thought it Hkely that the memorandum which I made on the spot with the MS. 
before me was not altogether a mistake ; for in 1 Cor. i. 24 he inserts TG after 
lOTAAIOIC (which inhisGrreek Testament he had said was omitted) on my in- 
formation, saying in his Appendix, " TG : id nunc in ligatura codicis latet." I 
read the word by opening the book wide. 

* The reading of 1 Tim. iii. 16 in this MS. is worthy of notice, because of assertions 
which have been made respecting it of late. The following sentence has been quoted 
from Le Clerc's Epistle to Optimianus, prefixed to Kiister's edition of Mill's Greek 
Testament: — "Codicemvidi qui fuit in BibHotheca Franciana in hac urbe, anno 
MDCCV. vendita, in quo erat O (nempe in 1 Tim. iii. 16), sed ab aha manu additum 
Sigma. Codex est in quo Latina interpretatio Graecse superimposita est : quse hie 
quoque habet QUOD." To this the following remark has been added :— " In this Codex 
the alteration is betrayed, not merely by the fresh colour of the ink, and by the word 
quod, placed immediately above the altered word, but by the difierence of the size of 
the letters ; for the corrector, not having room for a full-sized C, has stuck a small one 
up in the corner between the O and the letter E which follows, thus 0<=. Dr. Gries- 
bach could hardly fail to be aware of this, yet he quotes G without any remark, as 
supporting the reading 6s not 6. The Codex F (Augiensis) was copied from G, after 
it had been thus altered." These statements would have required proof, and none is 
given. Le Clerc seems to have argued on the reading of the Greek, haclcivard from 
the Latin quod : it might be well asked, how the ink could look fresh after a lapse of 
a thousand years ? Also in fact F is not a transcript of G, so that it may be left out 
of the question. To set this whole matter at rest, and to test these assertions, I made 
a facsimile of that page of G. The sigma stands on a level with the line, and there is 
no pretence for saying that it is an addition ; the words are not cramped together, but 
they stand thus Oc ect)AKieptOeH ; yvxi\ithree sixteenths of an inchhet^Qen 
the words. It has also been said by those who suppose OG here to be a contraction 
for^eos that there is a line over the (3 ; but this is not the mark of contraction, but 
it hes over the vowel, drawn upward from left to right. In foHo 57 of the MS., such a 
line occurs twice ; Gal. iii. 24, the initial vowel of iva is so marked, and Gal. iii. 28, ev : 
(where the common text reads els). It may be a mode of denoting the spfritus asper. 



166 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

been deciphered, though it appears that Knittel, who published P and Q, 
and the Gothic fragments, took pains to ascertain that the other writing is at 
least not biblical. Through Professor Lachmann's introduction, I received 
there every kindness from Dr. Schonemann, the librarian (become quite 
blind)^ and Dr. Hoeck, the secretary. 

In passing through Holland, I took the opportunity of examining, at 
Utrecht, the Codex Boreelii, F of the Gospels ; Professor Rotaards kindly 
introduced me to Professor Vinke (who published Heringa's collation of the 
text of this MS.), and to Mr. Ader, the librarian. This MS. was found at 
Arnhem a few years ago, after it had been lost for about two centuries. It 
was still just in the same state as when it was found, the leaves being all loose 
in a box : in fact, from its not having been bound and catalogued, it was some 
time before it could be found for me to examine in order to make a facsimile. 

In speaking of the MSS. which I have myself collated, I may now mention 
the latest yfhxch I have thus examined; — the Codex Leicestrensis (69 Gospels, 
31 Acts and Cath. Epp., 37 Paul. 14 Apoc), which, though not older than the 
fourteenth century, contains a text in many respects ancient ; and it was the 
desire of several scholars that I should recollate this MS., which is the most 
important of those in cursive letters which we have in this country. Applica- 
tion was made to the Town Council of Leicester, to whom it belongs, on my 
behalf; and through the kind exertions of George Toller, Esq., then the 
Mayor of that place, this MS. was transmitted to me, in the autumn of the 
year 1852, to use in my own study. (Due security was, of course, given for 
its safety and restoration.) Through this particular act of courtesy, which 
deserves my fullest acknowledgment, I was able without inconvenience to 
collate this valuable MS. 

Besides the MSS. which I have collated, or re-examined, I have endea- 
voured, with some measure of success, to restore what remains of the Dublin 
palimpsest Z of St. Matthew's Gospel. 

Dr. Barrett, the discoverer of the ancient writing of these important frag- 
ments, when he edited them in 1801, gave but a very partial description of the 
state of the different leaves ; and thus it was wholly a matter of uncertainty, 
when but a part of a page appeared on the engraved plate, whether the rest of 
the leaf still existed, but was illegible, or whether it was no longer extant. 
There are also many places in which lines, words, or letters, in the pages in 
other respects tolerably perfect, are wanting in the published edition. 

As this MS. is one of the more important monuments of the text of St. 
Matthew's Gospel (and as, indeed, all the fragments of such antiquity are of 
great value), it was very desirable to ascertain its present condition ; to learn 
what parts are really there ; to use chymical means for restoring the text in 
any part in which the vellum still exists, and which could not be read by 
Dr. Barrett ; and thus to exclude from among the citations of authorities for 
readings the unsatisfactory doubt of " ? Z." 

Mr. Henry E. Brooke, B. A., of Trinity College, Dublin, had the kindness 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 167 

to examine the MS. for me ; and, after having taken some pains, he was able 
to identify the larger number of the leaves containing the older uncial writing. 
This was not easy, in the state in which the MS. then was. On inquiring, 
through Mr. Brooke, whether the authorities of Trinity College would take 
measures for the restoration of the older writing, it appeared best for me to 
go to Dublin myself and do it, if permitted by the Provost and the rest of the 
Board of Trinity College. Accordingly, in October, 1853, I went thither, 
and my object was most kindly furthered by the Rev. James Henthorn Todd, 
D.D., librarian of the College, and one of the Senior Fellows. After giving 
him and the Board ocular proof that the process of chymically restoring the 
obliterated writing was not injurious to the material, or to the later writing, 
I was allowed to proceed, and in the early part of November it was accom- 
plished. 

The first thing was to identify the pages from which the fragments had 
been edited by Dr. Barrett. Mr. Brooke had already saved me much of this 
labour ; and by a continuous examination in a strong light, 1 was able to 
discover all, with the exception of one leaf. In thus examining the MS., I 
saw at once that, where Dr. Barrett published but half a page, the other half 
was gone ; for, in such cases, the scribe who re-used the ancient vellum for 
more modern works, has made out his page by sticking on another piece to 
the ancient uncial fragment. The condition, too, of the MS. is much worse 
than it was in Dr. Barrett's days ; for it has been relound,^ and that without 
any regard to the ancient writing. The binder simply seems to have known 
of the Greek book in the cursive letters, which are all black and plain to the 
eye. And so, the pages have been unmercifully strengthened^ in parts, by 
pasting paper or vellum over the margins ; leaving indeed the cursive writing 
untouched, but burying the uncial letters, of so much greater value. Also in 
places there were fragments, all rough at the edges of the leaves ; and these 
have been cut away so as to make all smooth and neat ; and thus many words 
and parts of words read by Dr. Barrett are now gone irrecoverably. And 
besides, the binder seems to have taken the traces of the ancient writing for 
dirt marks, and thus they have been, in parts, industriously obliterated ; and 
in those places in which the vnriting instrument of the ancient copyist had 
deeply furrowed the vellum, a new surface of size (or something of the kind) 
had been superadded. 

The MS. being in such a state, I had to endeavour chymically to restore 
the words and letters in the parts still extant, which are blank in Dr. Barrett's 
publication. And in this I was very successful ; so that, in the existing 
portion of the MS., there is hardly a reading as to which any doubt remains. 
After doing what I could to the portions previously identified, I re-examined 
the whole of the volume in search of the one leaf not previously found. At 

* No person now connected with Trinity College, Dublin, is responsible for the 
manner in which this was done. It was the work of a departed generation, when the 
library must have been under care of a very different kind from that now exercised 
by Dr. Todd. 



168 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

length I noticed, that, in one place, the texture of the vellum was like that of 
the fragments of St. Matthew : and though there was not a letter or line of 
the older writing to be seen in any position or light, I determined to try, as 
an experiment, whether the application would bring out any buried letters. 
In doing this, it was beyond all expectations of mine to see the ancient 
writing, first gradually, and then definitely, appear on the surface. 

The volume contains no ancient leaves of St. Matthew, besides those edited 
by Dr. Barrett. The fragments of Isaiah and of Gregory Nazianzen, in the 
same volume, differ from those of St. Matthew, and from one another, as to 
vellum, handwriting, and age. 

I cannot speak of important discoveries through my work on this MS. ; but 
still it was worth the trouble, if it only were that readings in it are rescued 
from mere uncertainty and conjecture, and questions are set at rest. For 
instance, in Matt. xix. 24, Tischendorf cites this MS. for the reading KafiiXov, 
and as it is of older date than the time when t and rj were confused by copyists, 
it might seem like authority for that word, instead of the common KayLifkov. 
ISTow, the presence of the Iota was simply a conjecture^ from the blank space 
in Dr. Barrett's page ; and Lachmann cautiously cites, '■'• Kafx-Xov 7j^\ But I 
brought the whole word KAMHAON distinctly to light : the H is at the end 
of one line, the three other letters at the beginning of the next. 

As the authorities of Trinity College, Dublin, still possess the copper plates 
on which Dr. Barrett's (so called) facsimile is engraved, it is to be hoped that 
they will republish the text of this MS. with the addition of all that can now 
he given. This object would be furthered by Dr. Todd, the librarian, for 
whom I have inserted, in a copy of Dr. Barrett's work, all that could be read 
on the MS. as restored. 

In such a republication, the text in common Greek types may well be 
omitted : in fact, its insertion was an injury to Dr. Barrett's book ; for, while 
what he had read in 1787 was expressed correctly by the engraver whom he 
employed, his accuracy of eye was so thoroughly gone in 1801, that he made 
great and strange mistakes in expressing the same text in common Greek 
letters.* 

* And yet it has been an accusation against Lachmann, that he remarked on 
Dr. Barrett's unskilfulness. Mr. Scrivener says (Supplement to Authorised Yersion, 
Introd., p. 24, note)^ " It might almost be said, that Lachmann speaks well of no one. 
.... But the most amusing case of all is Dx\ Ban-ett's, who was guilty of editing 
the facsimile of the Dublin palimpsest of St. Matthew (Z of Scholz). After duly 
thanking the engraver for his workmanlike skill, Lachmann kindly adds, ' Johannem 
Barrettum, qui Dublini edidit anno 1801, non laudo : hominem huius artis, ultra 
quam credi potest, imperitum.' " This censure much amused Lachmann when I drew 
his attention to it ; for he supposed that he had gently hinted Dr. Barrett's unskilful- 
ness ; little dreaming that this would be turned into a charge of speaking ill of others. 
He thought that, when the engraver had expressed the text correctly on one page, 
and Dr. Barrett had given it in a different manner on the opposite (reading letters 
wrongly, and marking others as omitted, which the engraved plate exhibits as there), 
that it was well to hint the fact, lest the wrong page should be taken as the authority 
for tlie text of this MS. Dr. Davidson quite agrees with Lachmann : "The editor 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 169 

The work of the engraver gives a sort of general idea of the letters, etc. ; 
but it cannot be commended for calligraphic exactitude ; there is a stiffness 
and hardness in the engraving, very different from the formation of letters by 
the copyist from vv^hose hand the MS. proceeded : this is very observable in 
the letters M and A. 

Of course, I looked at the Codex Montfortianus, such as it is. This MS. 
is commonly described as being on glazed paper : the glazing seems, however, 
to be confined to the pages which open at the verse 1 John v. 7 ; and the gloss 
is, apparently, the result of the many fingers which have been applied to that 
one place of this recent MS. ; or, if not, the material at that place must be 
different. 

After my return from the continent, I have at different times sent to various 
libraries lists of the discrepancies between Tischendorf 's collations and mine ; 
from Basle, Munich, and Venice, I received prompt and satisfactory replies to 
my inquiries, so that I have full testimony as to the readings, in every place 
of doubt. 

Signor Velludo compared the list I sent with Codex U at Venice ; Dr. 
Strohl did the same with X at Munich ; and E and 1, at Basle, were exa- 
mined by Dr. C. L. Roth. They are entitled to thanks from me, and from 
all who desire complete accuracy in critical data. 

I also sent to Florence the places in which Tischendorf differed from 
me, as to the text of the Codex Amiatinus; and Signor Francesco del Furia 
promptly sent me a full statement (made by his son, the Abbate del Furia) of 
each reading. 

When I was at Leipsic, in 1850, I found that Tischendorf 's edition of the 
Latin New Testament from this Codex was about half printed. I had sent 

gives on the opposite page to the facsimile the words in the usual Greek type, with 
lines corresponding. Sere Ms accuracy cannot he commended. InfacU Jie has made 
many blunders" (Biblical Criticism, ij. 311). Lachmann did not know that the 
engraved plates were what Dr. Barrett read rightly in 1787, and the printed pages 
were what he read wrongly in 1801. His judgment, however, as to the incorrectness 
of the latter, was quite a true one. 

No one woidd more fully see that the censure on Lachmann was undeserved, than 
Mr. Scrivener himself, if examining Dr. Barrett's publication. It is evident that he 
had not done this (even if he had seen it), when he thus blamed Lachmann. I learn 
this from his note, page 261. " In verse 7 [of Matt, xxi.], Scholz asserts that the 
Codex Z reads e7re/ca0Krev. Buttmann informs us, that nothing remains of that word 
in Codex Z but the first two letters." Now, if Mr. Scrivener had access to Dr. Bar- 
rett's publication, he might have spoken on this point from the facsimile, without 
having to quote from another as to this published book. 

Lachmann thought that this was a good example of the mode in which reviewers 
in his own country had treated him — passing a judgment first, and learning the facts 
(if at all) afterwards. I am surprised that Mr. Scrivener should have charged Lach- 
mann with hardly speaking well of any one, with the Preface before him, in which he 
so commends Bentley and Bengel. 



170 AN ACCOUNT OF THE FEINTED TEXT 

him a transcript of my collation ; and thus there was a confirmation of several 
readings. I regretted, however, that the printing should have taken place 
before the passages in which we at all differed should have been recompared 
at Florence.* 

It would have been a comparatively easy thing to have drawn out a select 
statement of the readings of the MSS., borrowing the citations of the versions 
from previous editions, and giving the citations from the fathers similarly on 
second-hand authority. But this was not the object for which I had toiled. 
I wanted to give all the readings supported by ancient MSS., and not a mere 
selection, as Tischendorf has done. And further, I should not be satisfied 
without doing my utmost to give the citations from the versions with all the 
correctness that I could ; and so, too, I found it needful to examine and 
re-examine the writings of the fathers (as far as Eusebius inclusive) so as not 
to repeat citations without knowing the bearings of each passage with the 
context : hence has arisen a great expenditure of time and labour. Also, as I 
wanted (what has never been done fully) to give the evidence both for and 
against every reading, where there is really any balance of testimony, a vast 
amount of work was needed. In all this, the condition of my eyes, after 
collations and trying study of several years, has retarded me in a manner 
which I can hardly describe. 

Of the Ancient Versions, I use and examine myself the Latin and the 
Sybiac. 

The Latin consist of (i) the Old Latin, as found in the Codices Vercel- 
lensis, Yeronensis, and Colbertinus (ij), the revised text of Upper Italy, as in 
the Codex Brixianus (iij), a revised text, in which the influence of ancient 
MSS. is discernible, as found in the Codex Bobbiensis (this text was unknown 
to Lachmann), and (iv) the Vulgate of Jerome, in which I follow ancient 
MSS. Besides these, many Latin copies contain a mixed text. Many writers 
have unsuitably blended all the non-Hieronymian Latin texts, under the 
name of Italic. 

The Striac are (i) the Curetonian, from the Nitrian monasteries of which 
mention has previously been made. — (ij) The version commonly printed as the 
Peshito : of this, I collated the whole of Rich's MS., 7157 in the British 
Museum : this MS. is a good proof how the Syriac scribes modernised their 

* From the recomparison of the places of discrepancy made by Abbate del Furia, 
I am able to point out the following correction for Tischendorf 's edition of this Latin 
text. 
Matt, xxvii. 20, principe* autem sacerdotum ; not, princeps. 
Mark xiv. 43, de duodecim ; not, ex duodecim. 
Luke ix. 13, duo^ pisces (sic). 
John vi. 54, et hihit ; not, et h'lhet. 
2 Tim. iii. 16, divinitus inspirata ; not inspirata divinitus. 

iv. 10, Tischendorf here gives Oalliam in his text, stating in his Prolego- 
mena (p.xliij.) that Oalatiam is the rea/ling of a corrector: Del 
Furia says that there is no change, but that Galatiam is the only 
reading of the MS. 
1 Pet. iii. 20, Dei paticwiid^ ; not, Dei clemcniia. 




OP THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 171 

copies. — (iij) The Harclean, published by White, under the name of the 
Philoxenian. — (iv) Besides these versions, there is in the Vatican the Lec- 
tionary, called by Adler the Jerusalem Syriac ; he published many readmgs 
from it : I have myself extracted the readings of some passages, and I also 
possess a transcript of a few leaves. 

For the Memphitic * version, I follow Schwartze's edition of the Gospels, 
depending on the collation which he has subjoined. It is to be regretted that 
Boetticher's edition of the Acts (in continuation of what Schwartze left 
unfinished at his death) is a bare Egyptian text, without version or collation. 

The Thebaic is also collated by Schwartze ; the fragments of this version 
were collected and published by Woide and Munter. 

In the Gothic, I follow the edition of Gabelentz and Loebe. 

Zohrab's edition of the Armenian, on the authority of MSS., has as yet 
been unused by critical editors. A collation of this version had been promised 
me by my Christian friend Sarkies Davids, M.D. (Glasgow), from Shiraz; 
but, after his death, happy in the conscious knowledge of Christ's redemption, 
it was long before I met with any one competent and willing to undertake the 
task. In 1851, however, the Rev. T. H. Home kindly exerted himself for 
me, and through him I was introduced to Mr. Charles E,ieu, of the British 
Museum ; who has so collated this version, as to afford me all the need that I 
could ask. He performed this far more with the spirit of one who wished to 
render a service to sacred criticism, than in consideration of such remunera- 
tion as I could offer. In speaking of this version, it is well to say, that it is 
wholly incorrect to suppose that its MSS. were altered to suit the Latin 
Vulgate : Zohrab found no trace of the Latinising readings in any copy 
which he collated. The first printed edition by Uscan, and those that follow 
it, stand alone in such alterations. 

As to the ^THiopic, Bode published a Latin version of it, from the text of 
Walton's Polyglot : Mr. T. P. Platt edited the same version from MSS. ; 
unfortunately, however, he preserved no lists of various readings, and but few 
memoranda; the latter he kindly sent me; and, through the Rev. T. H. Home's 
instrumentality, Mr. L, A. Prevost, of the British Museum, has compared 
for me Bode's Latin version with Mr. Piatt's text. 

The versions later than the sixth century do not possess any value as wit- 

* These two Egyptian versions, Memphitic and Thebaic^ are very often termed in 
critical works Coptic and Sahidic; but these latter names, however common, are 
objectionable : Coptic is rather a general term applying alike to the old Egyptian 
tongue as a whole ; the Memphitic is the dialect of Lower Egypt, and therefore there 
is a great incongruity in assigning to it a name formed, it is said, from Coptos, a place 
in Upper Egypt. There is no such geographical incongruity involved in terming the 
Thebaic, " Sahidio," for each shows a connection with Upper Egypt. But still to call 
the ancient dialect of the Thebais by a name d<Sx*a Sa-id, imposed after the occupa- 
tion of the Arabs, is as unsuitable as if we were to say that the Gauls in Julius Csesar's 
time spoke French. I was confirmed in my opinion of the impropriety of the name 
Sahidic, at hearing an inquiry whether it were, not the dialect of the Delta, taking it 
from the city Sais. 



172 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

nesses to the ancient text ; their readings ma}'-, therefore, be omitted ; for it is 
worse than useless to allow them to encumber a critical page, and to perpe- 
tuate citations from them, on the accuracy of which but little reliance can 
often be placed. 

The following is a brief summary of the MSS. as to their availability : — 

The text has been published of the MSS. 
i. of the Gospels A C D L A, and the fragments Z (see above) P Q T J N 

rOR WYAF«. 
ij. of the Acts, A C D E, and fragment F (of these A C contain also the 

Cath. Epp.) 
iij. of St. Paul's Epistles A C D G. Fragments H F". 
iv. of the Revelation A C B (i. e. Cod. Basilianus). 

The readings of F V of the Gospels I take from the published collations ; 
so too as to E and K of St. Paul's Epistles (the latter of which contains also 
Cath. Epp.). 

The readings of the Codex Vaticanus B, I gather as best I can from the 
three published collations.* 

All the rest of the uncial MSS.f (and a few others) I have myself collated, 
i. of the Gospels E G H K M U X, 1, 33, 69 (besides the restoration of Z). 
ij. of the Acts G H, 13, 31 (these, except H, contain also the Cath. Epp.). 
iij. of St. Paul's Epistles D (prior to its publication) F J, 17, 37, and frag- 
ment 53. 
iv. of Revelation 14. 

And besides these, I have examined and made a facsimile of almost every 
one of the MSS. which have been published, and also collated the printed 
texts. 

There is a great deal of truth in the opinion expressed by Dr. Davidson, 
that it would be far better for the offices of collator of MSS. and editor of 
the text, to be dissociated.]: But things desirable are not always practicable. 
It would be far better for an architect not to be compelled also to toil as a 



* The edition which Cardinal Mai has caused to be printed from this MS. remains 
as yet unpublished ; if it should be rescued from this unworthy obscurity, it will 
enable critics to use the authox'ity of this MS. with some measure of confidence. 
Often, as to the readings, there is now no doubt ; but all the three collations have 
their imperfections. That made for Beutley is by far the best of those that have 
been published, and yet that critic was not satisfied with it, for he caused the Abbate 
Rulotta to re-examine the whole MS. as to the earher writings and the corrections. 
This labour of Rulotta seems to be entirely lost. 

t I do not here take into account the recently-discovered MSS. of Tischendorf, to 
which I expect soon to have full access. 

X "We are thankful to the collators of MSS. for their great labour. But it may be 
doubted whether they be often competent to make the best critical text out of existing 
materials . . . We should rather see the collator and the editor of the text dissociated. 
We should like to have one person for each department." — Davidson's Biblical Criti- 
cism, ij. pp. 101-5. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 173 

quarryman ; and yet, if stones could not be otherwise obtained, quarry them 
himself he must, if he would build at all. An artist is often the grinder of 
his own colours, and photographers prepare their own materials. If what is 
needed cannot be obtained ready to hand from the labour of others, those 
whose special place it is to apply the materials must be themselves preparers. 

There is a danger lest a collator should overvalue what he has toiled on 
himself. And yet, in my own case, the authorities of the highest value are 
those which have been published or collated by others, through whose labours 
I have benefited. I say this, although I consider that the value of X. 1, 33, 
69, and of D F of St. Paul's Epistles, is very great, and that the restoration 
of parts of Z was an important work : my general critical principles were 
formed on sufiicient data before I began to collate, and thus I was hindered 
from estimating MSS. etc., because they were connected with my own labours. 

There are many subjects of interest closely linked with the retrospect of 
my work ; it was this that brought me into connection with De Wette, the 
disciple of Griesbach, with whom I had much intercourse, both in Rome and 
Basle. Thus, too, I met Scholz, who indicated to me, with much kindness, 
before I left England, ivhere various MSS. had now migrated : and in more 
recent time, I was thus brought into acquaintance with Lachmann, the first 
who edited irrespective of traditional authorities, and with Tisciiendobf, the 
publisher of so many ancient texts. And ail of these, except the last, and not 
these only, but Laijreani and Molza, the custodi of the Vatican, Babetta 
of Venice, Harter of Munich, Cardinal Acton, and others with whom 
collations have brought me into connection, have, in these few years, passed 
away from this present earthly scene. 

In this country, also, my labour of collations, etc., has been to me the 
occasion of intercourse with scholars not a few ; — of these one may be spe- 
cified, the Patriarch of all who have been occupied with Sacred Literature, — 
Dr. EoTJTH. 



I may give the result of my studies in a few words : — I now propose — 

I. — I'o give the text on the authority of the oldest MSS. and versions^ and 
the aid of the earlier citations^ so as to pi^esent, as far as possible, the text 
commonly received in the fourth century; — always stating what authorities 
support, and what oppose the text given. 

II. — In cases in which we have certain proofs which carry us still nearer 
to the apostolic age, to use the data so afforded. 

III. — In cases in which the oldest documents agree in certain, undoubted, 
transcriptural error, to state the reading so supported, but not to follow it ; 
and to give the grounds on which another reading is preferred. 

IV. — In matters altogether doubtful, to state distinctly the conflicting evi- 
dence, and thus to approximate towards a true text. 

V. — To give the various readings of all the uncial MSS. and ancient 
versions, very correctly, so that it may be clearly seen what readings possess 



174 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

any ancient authority whatever. To these I add the more important citations 
of the earlier writers (to Eusebius inclusive). The places are also to be 
indicated in which the common text departs from the ancient readings. 



Enough has been said to show what the critical principles are, on which I 
consider that the Sacred Text should be edited. The following section on 
critical principles and their application, though it relates, not only to this 
particular branch of the subject, but to the present point in the history of the 
printed text, becomes in fact a further development of the views here expressed, 
together with a consideration of objections sometimes brought forward, with 
remarks on the evidence as to the reading of particular passages. 



§ 14. REMARKS ON PRINCIPLES OF TEXTUAL 
CRITICISM. 

The object of all Textual Criticism is to present an ancient work, 
as far as possible, in tbe very words and form in whicb it pro- 
ceeded from tlie writer's own hand. Thus, when applied to the 
Greek New Testament, the result proposed is to give a text of 
those writings, as nearly as can be done on existing evidence, 
such as they were when originally written in the first century. 

While the object of the textual criticism of the New Testament 
is admitted to be the same, there are two very different routes by 
which different editors may seek to arrive at the proposed result ; 
they arc, however, so different, that the conclusions cannot be 
identical : the one is, to regard the mass of documents numeri- 
cally^ and to take them, on the ground of their wide diffusion, as 
the general witnesses to the text wliich should be adopted ; the 
other is, to use those documents which are in themselves ancient, 
or which, as a demonstrated fact, contain ancient readings ; and 
thus to give a text wliich was current at least in the fourth 
century of our era. On the one side, there are the mass of MSS. 
written from the eighth century to the sixteenth ; on the other 
side, there are a few MSS. of great antiquity, together with a few 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 175 

of later date ; and these are supported by the ancient versions in 
general, and by tlie citations of ecclesiastical writers. To those 
who delight in numerical display, the more ancient witnesses may 
seem to be but a meagre array ; and they speak of them as such, 
pointing with a kind of triumph to their own more ample list : 
but numbers do not always insure victory, as was learned by 
Xerxes and Darius Codomannus ; much less is that the case in 
questions of truth and fact^ than in contentions of martial power ; 
and here the real question is, not. What was read most generally 
in the sixteenth century, when the Greek Testament was first 
printed ? but. What was read commonly and widely in the earliest 
period to which we can recur ? 

Now I believe that two things are of the utmost Importance at 
present in the criticism of the text of the New Testament : (i.) To 
draw a line of demarcation as to what critical aids shall be admitted 
as good and useful witnesses ; and (ii.) To determine as a fixed 
and settled principle that the only proof that a reading is ancient, 
is, that it is found in some ancient document. 

Both these ideas were enunciated by Griesbach : he said, 
*' Perhaps we shall soon have to think of lessening our critical 
aids, rather than of increasing them without limit. . . . Those, 
indeed, who carry on criticism as though it were a mechanical art, 
are delighted with so numerous an array of MSS." (Symb. Grit. i. 
Prsef 2.) On the other point he said, " There is no need to 
repeat, again and again, that readings, which, looked at in them- 
selves, we should judge to be the better, are not to be preferred, 
unless authenticated by at least some ancient testimonies T (Gr. Test. 
i. Proleg. p. Ixii.) 

The selection of authorities must not be a mere arbitrary pro- 
cedure; but it must be the adoption, as a basis, of such as are 
proved to be witnesses worthy of confidence. Ancient MSS., the 
older versions, and such early citations as have come down to us 
in a trustworthy form, are the vouchers, and the only certain ones, 
that any reading is ancient. And again, Comparative Criticism 
(see § 13) proves, that in selecting these authorities we do not 
act empirically or rashly, but that we rely on the evidence of 
witnesses whose character admits of being tested. And besides 
those MSS. which are actually the oldest, we may use as valuable 



176 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

auxiliaries those whose general text accords with them, and that 
on two grounds ; 1st, Because the character of such MSS. is 
shown from their general agreement with the oldest ; and 2nd, 
Because it is also proved by the same criteria of accordance with 
the best early versions and citations. The MS. "33" would 
on this ground have been proved to contain a text of the highest 
character ; and this (especially perhaps in the Epistles) would 
give it a claim to be admitted as an authority, even though the 
oldest uncial documents had not been in existence. Indeed, at 
the time when Griesbach wrote the greater part of his Symbolae 
Criticse, before a collation of B had been published, and when the 
palimpsest C was but partially known (as was the case long after), 
there was not a better witness available for the ancient text, as a 
whole, than this MS., imperfectly as it had then been collated. 
Thus, if' the oldest MSS. had not existed, and we were left, as we 
are with respect to so many classical authors, to MSS. later than 
the tenth century, true critical principles might still have guided 
us aright in many respects. But we may be thankful that 
God has in His Providence ordered otherwise than that we should 
be so left ; and thus we have the satisfaction of using the oldest 
MSS. as witnes£;es of the ancient text. Their age would cause 
them to have a primary claim on our attention ; their proved cha- 
racter equally shows that this claim is well founded. 

The readings of the most ancient MSS. are not matters of 
doubt ; for, with the lamentable exception of the Vatican MS., all 
those of this class which are available for criticism have been pub- 
lished ; and as to the Vatican MS., we are more often sure what 
its readings are than the contrary. Thus it is useless to object 
that the readings of these MSS., as a class, are involved in doubt ; 
for such an assertion is wholly a mistake. Even with regard to 
such a MS. as the Codex Claromontanus of St. Paul's Epistles, 
which has suffered from the hands of repeated correctors, it is in 
vain to urge against it that it has been so treated ; for this does 
not affect the actual original readings of the first scribe, which are 
still visible. 

Nor can it be urged as an objection of any weight that we do 
not know by ivhom the ancient copies were written : if there had 
been any force o^ argument in the remark, it would apply quite as 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 177 

much to a vast number of tlie modern codices. If I find an 
anonymous writer, who appears to be inteUigently acquainted with 
his subject, and if in many ways I have had the opportunity of 
testing and confirming his accuracy, I do not the less accept him 
as a witness of historic facts, than I should if I knew his name 
and personal circumstances. The Epistle to Diognetus is a trust- 
worthy document of early Christianity, though we have no evi- 
dence as to the name of the writer, who he was, or where he 
lived ; and though we are acquainted with but the name, and 
nothing more, of the person to whom it was addressed. 

But it has been repeatedly urged that the few most ancient 
MSS. bear but a minute proportion to the mass of those which 
perished in the early centuries ; and thus the lost copies may have 
contained a very difierent text. To appeal from what we have to 
what we never can have, from what we know to what we never 
can know, would transfer us at once from the domain of facts and 
proofs into that of mere conjectures and suppositions. The words 
of Cicero might be taken as a sufficient answer to such sur- 
misings : '"'' Est ridiculum^ ad ea qucB habemus nihil dicere; QU^- 
RERE QUJE HABERE NON POSSUMUS." (Cic. pro Arch. iv.). 

What if any one were to say, in defence of any doctrine or 
practice, that it is true that it is not taught, or that it may even 
seem to be discountenanced, in the twenty-seven books of the 
New Testament which we have, but why may it not have been 
inculcated in other writings of the Apostles, or their companions, 
which ice have not? In the realms of pure imagination one ques- 
tion as to possibilities is just as good as another. 

Does it not strike those who bring forward this trite objection 
(until, on their own confession, they are weary of repeating it), as 
at least singular^ that all the oldest documents belong to the 
kind which they decry, because of their being in the numerical 
minority ? That each newly-found palimpsest should exhibit its 
relation to the oldest copies previously known ? That a version 
coming newly to light (such as the Curetonian Syriac) should 
still so perversely difier from the array of recent MSS. ? But, 
indeed, if in the early centuries MSS. did exist which accorded 
with the later mass of copies, such documents would present a 
strange and unaccountable contradiction to the other monuments 

13 



178 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT. 

with which we might compare them. Comparative Criticism 
would be able to prove that their text was at least suspicious.* 

One objection raised against the oldest documents is that they 
were written by Egyptian copyists, and that they exhibit Alex- 
andrian forms of inflection, etc. All this may be admitted for 
argument's sake : but what then ? This does not show that the 
MSS. are corrupt, or that the Alexandrian scribes introduced the 
forms to which they were accustomed. For this objection, when 
examined, contains two parts ; that the Alexandrian copyists, as 
being studious of elegance, mended the books which they tran- 
scribed ; and also, that, in the Greek MSS. of the New Testament, 
written at Alexandria, forms which exhibit a rusticity of dialect 
were introduced. One of these objections or the other might be 
discussed, but hardly both at once. It has also been said that we 
might more suitably seek copies of the New Testament from the 
parts, in which the books which compose it were written, rather 
than from Egypt; as if there was some stigma in the name. Now 
the fact is, that in those days Alexandria was the great centre of 
Greek literature ; and thus publishers of books (in the ancient 
sense of the word) were especially congregated there. To object 
to receive copies of works from Alexandria because they had been 
written elsewhere, would be just as reasonable as if objection were 
made to Sir Walter Scott's works printed in London, or to 
Schiller's printed in Leipsic. Now, as to Alexandrian forms, it 
is well said, that if they had been introduced into the New 
Testament by Egyptian copyists, how comes it that the classical 
MSS. written in that country are free from them ? And as these 
forms were in the LXX. long before the New Testament was 
written, would it not be remarkable if Greek formed so much on 
the model of that version, exhibited no trace of them ? Does not 
this very consideration go some way to show that the MSS. which 
are wholly free from these inflections must have been improved by 
wow- Alexandrian scribes ? And if rusticity of Greek be a distin- 
guishing mark of Egyptian copies, docs not this, at least, show 

* Various facts and arguments which were mentioned in preceding sections havo 
been treated, of necessity, in greater detail in this. A mere reference to what had 
been previously said would not have been sufficient here, where the subjects are more 
formally taken up. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 179 

that there could liaye been no general attempt to produce elegance 
of diction ? Of course they were exposed to the same liability of 
mistake as ever has been the common lot of transcribers ; but it 
would be as little reasonable to bring such formal accusations 
against the compositors and correctors of a London printing-office, 
as against the Alexandrian copyists as a body. In ancient times, 
when Greek literature had become diffused, it was as natural to 
obtain copies of books in that tongue from Alexandria, as it is 
now to obtain English works from London.* 

It has often been said that the uniform text of the later MSS. is 
an evidence in its favour, and that thus the variations of the oldest, 
not only from the more recent, but also from one another, show 
that we cannot rely on them as authorities. If this had been a 
fact, it might have been sufficiently met by another which is more 
striking ; for it has never been even alleged that the later Greek 
MSS. are so uniform in their text as are the later Latin ; and yet 
the recent MSS. of the Yulgate agree in perhaps two thousand 
readings, differing from what Jerome could have given, and also 
from the few very ancient copies which have been transmitted. 
And thus the Latin MSS. supply us with an argument from 
analogy ; the mass of the recent copies contain a text notoriously 
and demonstrably incorrect ; the few oldest MSS. supply the 
means of emendation ; and these few must be followed if we think 
of giving the genuine text of Jerome's version. It is quite true 
that the mass of the Greek copies do agree in readings which 
differ from the ancient ; and then the advocates of numerical 
majority point triumphantly to the proportion in favour of the 
modern reading as being ninety or a hundred to one. Transfer 
the ground of discussion to the Latin, and then the odds may be 
increased tenfold ; for in cases of the most absolutely certain cor- 
ruption of recent ages, the proportion of MSS. in their favour will 

* But does not Strabo charge booksellers of Alexandria with multiplying errors 
by employing, for the sake of gain, incompetent copyists ? (Strab. Geog. p. 609, ed. 
Casaubon.) No doubt he does ; and he makes the same accusation against those of 
Rome ; for, in the first century, Eome and Alexandria were the two literary centres 
of the two languages of the east and west. Some at Alexandria were careless, but 
this is very different from making a general charge, or from comparing Alexandria with 
some other Greek city. If I say that there are London printers who employ incom- 
petent compositors, I may state a fact, but I do not condemn either the masters or 
the men in a body, much less do I charge London books with general inaccm'acy. 



180 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

be perhaps nine hundred or a thousand to one. So futile is an 
argument drawn from numerical preponderance. And the text of 
Latin MSS. has been found to be almost a criterion of their age ; 
the century to which they belong has been shown to present a 
singular relation to their actual text. 

But although the later MSS. often show a general agreement in 
favour of some reading opposed to the most ancient, it is not 
strictly true that these more modern copies contain an uniform 
text : ]\Ir. Scrivener's recent collation of MSS. of the Gospels* 
has proved this, and has swept away at once and for ever the 
argument drawn from the supposed unity of text. The recent 
copies have their own kind of variations, so have the ancient ; the 
real question is, "Within the limits of which class are we to 
seek for the genuine and orimnal text ?" 

In speaking of the modern copies as opposed to the ancient, 
I mean the cursive documents in general as opposed to the MSS. 
anterior to the seventh century. The copies from the seventh 
century to the tenth, that is, the later uncials, accord in text, in 
part with one, in part with the other, of these classes. And 
besides this general division there are cursive MSS., as I have 
again and again said, which accord with the ancient text ; and 
there are also cursive MSS. which, though generally agreeing in 
text with the mass, contain lections, here and there, such as are 
found in the ancient copies. These facts do not in the least inter- 
fere mth the general phsenomena of transcriptural mutation, nor 
with its general course in one direction. They only show that 
there were exceptions, but just such exceptions as prove the rule. 
It cannot be doubted that, in the Latin New Testament, the text 
current before the time of Jerome gradually gave place to his 
version or revision ; and yet the Colbert ^IS., containing one of 
the purest ante-hieronymian texts of the Gospels (edited by Saba- 
tier), was written in the twelfth century. Just so Greek MSS. of 

* "A full and exact collation of about twenty Greek MSS. of the Holy Gospels, 
(hitherto unexamined) deposited in the Eritish Museum, the Archiepiscopal Library 
at Lambeth, etc., with a Critical Introduction. By the Eev. Frederick Henry Scri- 
vener, M.A.," Cambridge, 1853. The MSS., the collations of which are given in this 
volume, are mostly in cursive letters, and but few among them contain really ancient 
readings. The book is a valuable contribution to our knowledge of the character of 
the later MSS., of which so few have been carefully examined. Mr. Scrivener seems 
to have used scrupulous accuracy. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 181 

the ancient class of text were occasionally written in later ages ; 
although the general course was the same ; and the new vari- 
ations introduced demonstrate that there was no established, 
uniform, Constantinopolitan text.* 

It is granted freely that the oldest copies differ among them- 
selves, — that none of them is perfect ; but these considerations do 
not take away their value as critical authorities : they are certainly 
monuments of what was read and used in the time when they 
were written ; and from their contents, in connection with other 
ancient evidence, it is for criticism, in a Christian spirit and with 
proper intelligence, to seek the materials for reconstructing that 

* Mr. Scrivener, after showing how MSS. of a more recent date contain readings 
less modernised than some that are older, adds, " Examples such as these can be mul- 
tiplied almost indefinitely, even with our most imperfect acquaintance with the great 
majority of cursive records : and, to my mind, such phsenomena are absolutely fatal to 
the scheme of those persons who have persuaded themselves that a process of gradual 
change and corruption of the inspired writings was silently yet steadily flowing on- 
wards in the same direction during the middle ages, till the sacred originals passed 
from the state exhibited in the most venerable uncials ABC, or even D, into the 
stereotyped standard of the ConstantinopoHtan church, whereof our codices 1 m n 
[Mr. S.'s notation of three of those which he collated] may be looked upon as fair 
representatives. Thus easUy is rooted up from its foundations the system which 
would revise the text of the New Testament on the exclusive authority of the most 
ancient books." Introd. p. Ixviij. 

I admit the phsenomena noticed (as I have said above), but I do not see that they 
prove in the slightest degree that the course of corruption did not advance in the same 
general direction. There was no Byzantine standard, and thus ancient readings at 
times re-appeared. The note of victory is sounded, however, too soon in the close of 
the above paragraph ; for aU that has been shown is that some modern copies ma]/ be 
valuable auxiharies to the most ancient— a thing which the advocates of " the system" 
to which Mr, S. refers would fully admit. If the expression " exclusive authority of the 
most ancient books" has been used, it has been in connection with the fact that the 
proof that a reading is ancient, is that it has some ancient voucher ; and that an ancient 
MS. contains an ancient text is a mere axiom. But what later MS. could Lachmann 
have used as a collateral witness of the ancient Greek Text ? Was there one cursive 
document of that class of which a trustworthy collation was available ? That he 
would have valued the aid of Cod. 1. in the Gospels, and of 33 throughout, in spite of 
their more recent date, might be seen to be certain from the use which he made of 
the Latin Colbert MS. of the twelfth century. But I need not state this as a matter 
of inference : for Lachmann never saw a full collation of 33 tiU he saw mine (as indeed 
none had ever been made), and in examining it he judged it to be a sincere monu- 
ment of the ancient text (though written in the eleventh century), and he quite 
approved of the use which I intended to make of it ; for he himself considered that it 
deserved a place beside the older uncials as much as does the Latin Codex Colbertinus 
beside the ancient Codices VerceUensis and Veronensis. 

The "system" to which Mr. Scrivener refers is really that of upholding proved 
ancient autJiority ; it is maintained that this should be exclusively followed; and 
this principle is untouched by any peculiarities of the later MSS. 



182 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

fabric of revealed trutli wliicli has been in some measure dis- 
figured by the modern copjdsts and their followers, the early 
printers. 

But if any choose to advocate the mass of the modern copies as 
authorities, the difficulty is great ; not only because of their in- 
ternal variations, but also from the fact that such an advocate will 
find that his -witnesses stand opposed to every one of the most 
ancient copies, also to the ancient versions as a class, and not only 
to these, but to every Christian writer of the first three centuries 
of whom we have any considerable remains. 

In saying these things, I do not undervalue the MSS. in general : 
as monuments of the history of the text they are very important ; 
and not unfrequently some which are not amongst the most 
ancient are of great value as collateral witnesses ; but I do protest 
against the whole notion of numerical criticism as opposed to 
ancient autliority^ be that notion defended by whom it may, or in 
whatever mode. 

It has been indeed said that the quiet monks and others who 
copied the MSS. from the seventh century and onward, had no 
desire of literary pride, and that thus they may probably in an 
honest and good spirit have copied faithfully what was before 
them ; while, on the contrary, the Alexandrian scribes, having 
a certain pride of literary elegance, might have mended and 
improved what they were transcribing. To this supposition I 
reply, 1st. That the later copyists did alter and change in many 
ways, from the common principles of human infirmity, what was 
before them ; 2nd. That the Alexandrian scribes retain rusticity 
of form far more than their monkish successors, so that the latter 
might be supposed to be more studious of elegance ; 3rd. That 
this surmise, if it were a good argument, would apply to the 
Latin as well as to the Greek, and there it signally fails : and thus 
nothing can be built upon it. Let it be remembered that no set 
of copyists are held up as infallible ; that mistakes were made in 
early ages ; that greater mistakes were often made in trying to 
correct them ; that the improvement of different passages (especially 
the synoptical Gospels) by the introduction of what is found in 
parallel places, spread widely even before the end of the fourth 
century ; while, however, the host of MSS. are those which con- 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 183 

tain the most manifest proofs of this mode of improvement. Thus 
to be at all certain that the readings which we advance are ancient^ 
we must place ourselves on evidence which is certainly such. 

And this is called innovation: and it often seems as if words 
sufficiently hard could not be found to stigmatise the temerity of 
those who thus have recourse to the ancient documents. A col- 
lator or critic is sometimes treated as if he made the variations 
whose existence he points out ; an ancient reading is called his^ as 
if he had invented it conjecturally : it is just as if, in fact, a 
physician were guilty of causing the illness whose working he 
detects, and to which he seeks to apply the fitting remedy. 
Those, too, who are not so devoid of intelligence as to argue 
thus, speak just as strongly of critics who recur to ancient autho- 
rity. If a passage which has hardly a trace of evidence (or none) 
in its favour is not inserted, an editor is accused of expunging or 
cancelling it ', his ^^ rashness " ^^ tampering" with Holy Scripture, 
making "needless alterations," "want of reverence" for God's 
word, " reckless innovation," etc., etc., are stigmatised in the se- 
verest manner. And if scholars use such language, because 
others have abstained from preferring the evidence of the fifteenth 
century to that of the fifth, we need not marvel that those less 
informed have re-echoed the cry ; as if criticism on ancient 
grounds were really a (hardly covert) attack on Scripture, and on 
the sacred truths revealed therein. Serious discussion of a ques- 
tion is almost excluded, when a moral stigma is endeavom^ed to 
be afiixed by anticipation to those who hold one particular opinion, 
to which the other party objects. 

But Jerome long ago taught textual critics what they must 
expect, for not adding to the ancient copies what readers had 
found inserted in those that were later. " Quis enim doctus 
pariter vel indoctus, cum in manus volumen assumserit, et a saliva 
quam semel imbibit, viderit discrepare quod lectitat, non statim 
erumpat in vocem, me Falsarium, me damans esse Sacri- 
LEGUM, qui audeam in veteribus libris, addere, mutare, corri- 
gere." (Ad Damasum.) 

It is a simple fact that many, learned as well as unlearned, are 
afraid of reading a passage at all difierently from that to which 
they have been accustomed as Holy Scripture ; and this feeling of 



184 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

indefinite apprehension is a hindrance to their minds in looking 
fairly and fully at the evidence or the cases. Their own subjective 
feeling hinders them from rightly weighing objective facts : so that 
there is even a reluctance to admit truth, although owned to be 
such on grounds of overwhelming objective evidence — evidence to 
which the judgment is compelled, though with regret, to submit * 

It is to be lamented that the feeling thus exists, even on 
the part of some scholars, that recurrence to the most ancient 
sources for the text of Scripture deserves to be so condemned and 
deprecated, that they hold up critics (conscientious men, it may 
be), who press the importance of ancient testimony, as reckless 
innovators^ and they thus lead an unjudging crowd to condemn 
them and their labours. " Sed ego ita existimo, quo majus 
crimen sit id, quod ostendatur esse falsum, hoc majorem ab eo 
injuriam fieri, qui id confingat. Vult enim magnitudine rei sic 
occupare animos eorum qui audiunt^ UT DIFFICILIS ADITUS 
VERITATI RELINQUATUR." (Cic. pro. M. Font. v.). 

In illustration of the results of appealing to ancient documents 
as witnesses of an ancient text, I have already referred to the 
difference between the few very ancient MSS. of the Latin Vul- 
gate, and vast number of those that are modern ; the same thing 
is shown in the printed editions of works now revised according 
to early authorities, but which were first printed from recent 
copies. 

* That I have not stated too strongly this umoillingness to surrender subjective 
feelings even vs'hen absolute evidence compels^ is shown, I think, by Mr. Scrivener's 
note on St. Matthew vi. 18 : "e«/ tc? ^avep<Z ' openlj%' is found in all Eng. in Beza and 
Castalio ; but is omitted by Syr. Yulg. and Campbell, I feab correcth/" etc. Why 
should there be any feaii in simply following evidence ? for tetjth, the truth of God's 
Scripture in its own proper words, is that which has alone on these questions to be 
upheld. 

The following sentence of PoESON (Letters to Travis, pp. 149, 150) is weU worthy of 
attention : " Perhaps you think it an affected and absurd idea that a marginal note 
can ever creep into the text ; yet I hope you are not so ignorant as not to know that 
this has actually happened, not merely in hundreds or thousands, but in millions of 
places. Natura (says Daille) ita comparatum est, ut auctorum prohatorum lihros 
plerique omnes amplos quam breves malint : verentes scilicet^ ne quid sibi desit, quod 
auctoris vel sit vel esse dicatur. To the same purpose Bengclius, Non facile pro 
superjluo aliquid hodie habent complures docti viri (ho might have added, omnesque 
indocti), eademque mente plerique quondam Ubrarii fuere. From this known pro- 
pensity of transcribers to turn everything into text which they found written in the 
margin of their MSS., or between the lines, so many interpolations have proceeded, 
that at present the surest canon of criticism is, Prceferatur lectio brevior" 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 185 

The first text of the LXX. wliicli obtained a wide and general 
currency, was the Aldine (Venice, 1518). This was repeatedly- 
reprinted and habitually used. About seventy years after this 
first appeared, the Eoman edition of the LXX. was published 
(1586), based on the Codex Yaticanus ; how was it that the 
Roman text obtained such a currency as to displace the Aldine,* 
and to maintain its stand in public estimation for more than two 
centuries and a half ? How should Protestants have been willing 
to concede such an honour to this text which had appeared under 
Papal sanction ? It gained its ground and kept it, because it was 
really an ancient text, such in its general complexion as was read 
by the early fathers. The Eoman editors shrewdly guessed the 
antiquity of their MS. from the form of the letters, etc., and that 
too, in an age when Palaeography was but little known ; they 
inferred the character of its text, partly from its age, partly from 
its accordance with early citations ; and thus, even though they 
departed at times inadvertently from their MS., they gave a text 
vastly superior to that of the New Testament in common use from 
the days of Erasmus. The goodness of the Vatican MS. of the 
LXX. has been severely tested, but its value is plainly shown by 
the various readings collected and edited by Holmes and Parsons. 
Few have studied the critical apparatus of their edition, confiised 
as it is in arrangement, and in many ways wearying to the reader; 
but those who have done so, see how the whole confirms the prin- 
ciple of recurrence to ancient MSS. as authority for the ancient 
text. I can say this conscientiously, for I have read the whole of 
the various readings in Hohnes and Parsons's edition through, 
and it all illustrates that principle of recurrence to the ancient 
MSS. which should be applied equally to the text of the New 
Testament. The modern MSS. of the LXX. in general widely 
differ from what was read by the early fathers. 

If, then, from one ancient MS. we obtain a text of the LXX. 
of known ancient value, why should those who themselves adopt 
that text in preference to the Aldine, object to the New Testa- 

* The comparative oblivion into which the Aldine text has fallen would be almost 
total, if it had not been that Conrad Kircher used it as the basis of his Concordance 
to the LXX. Kircher's Concordance is now little used 5 but when Trommius (then 
aged nearly seventy) undertook an improved Concordance to that version, he made 
considerable use of Kircher, and in consequence he employed the Aldine Text himself. 



186 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

ment if edited on analogous authority ? And as the Codex Yati- 
canus is the basis of the Koman LXX., why may not this same 
MS. (in conjunction with other authorities), be equally trusted as 
a witness to the ancient text of the New Testament ? 

Thus, then, I revert to the principles previously expressed, that 
the mass of documents are not to be taken as competent witnesses, 
and that some ancient voucher must be sought for every admitted 
reading. 

In confining the examination to the ancient documents, all 
care must be taken rightly to understand their testimony, and to 
weigh it in all its particulars. 

Authorities cannot be followed mechanically ; and thus, where 
there is difference of reading amongst the more trustworthy wit- 
nesses, all that we know of the nature and origin of various read- 
ings, and of the kind of errors to which copyists were liable, must 
be employed. But, let it be observed, that discrimination of this 
kind is only required when the witnesses differ ; for otherwise, we 
should fall into the error of determining by conjecture what the 
text ought to be, instead of accepting it as it is. 

And while all pains and the exercise of a cool judgment should 
be employed in estimating the value of evidence, let it never 
be forgotten, that just as it is the place of a Christian to look to 
God in prayer for his guidance and blessing in all his under- 
takings, so may he especially do this as to labours connected with 
the text of Scripture. The object sought in such prayer is not 
that the critic may be rendered infallible, or that he may discri- 
minate genuine readings by miracle, but that he may be guided 
rightly and wisely to act on the evidence which the providence of 
God has preserved, and that he may ever bear in mind what 
Scripture is, even the testimony of the Holy Ghost to the grace of 
God in the gift of Christ, and that thus he may be kept from 
rashness and temerity in giving forth its text. As God in his 
providence has preserved Holy Scripture to us, so can He vouch- 
safe the needed wisdom to judge of its text simply on grounds of 
evidence. 

For my own part, I have that reverence for Holy Scripture, 
that so far from feeling timidity as to not receiving as divine, 
words or phrases which do not rest on competent authority, my 



I 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 187 

fear would always be, lest, on any traditional ground, such readings 
should be received as are not supported by evidence. We reject 
the Apocrypha in spite of tradition ; and there is no want of 
reverence in our doing this, for those books are not Scripture ; 
just so there is no want of reverence for Scripture, in our not 
accepting the modern readings in opposition to the ancient, in- 
volve what it may. 

Where there is the united evidence of the oldest MSS., ver- 
sions, and citations, criticism has no place, for the reading is not 
in question. 

In passages where testimonies differ, an express statement that 
the reading was so and so, is of very great value. 

Thus the express testimony of Origen, that ri [jue \6y€c<; arya66v ; 
is not the reading of Matt. xix. 17, would have very great weight 
alone ; for it is decisive of the fact that this was not the reading of 
the third century ; so that this sentence would be suspicious even 
if it were not rejected as it is by the best MSS. and versions ; 
which, with Origen, read tL [le ipa>Ta<i irepl rev dyaOou ; (see the 
evidence in full in the preceding Section, p. 133). Such passages 
might be multiplied greatly, in which express testimony accords 
with the conclusion to which other evidence would have led. 

But there may be express testimony which gives a determining 
value to conflicting evidence. Thus, in Matt. v. 4, 5, the order 
of the benedictions in most copies (as well as the common text) 
is, fiaKapiot ol irevOovvre^ .... fJuaK. at irpaeh ktX. But Origen 
(iv. 740) says, evvoiav he rev toiovtov Xafi^dvco i7ncrTr}G-a<i rfj 
rd^ec Tcov iv rat Kara MarOaZov /laKapLG-fioov, iv oh fjiera to. 
fiaKdptoo ol 'jTT(D')(pl TO) iTvevybaTL^ on avrcov icmv r) fBaaikela tcov 
ovpavwv, 6^rj<; jiypaiTTaL to' jjuaicdpioi ol irpaeh, otc avTol Kkrjpo- 
vofiTjcrovac ttjv yrjv TrjpeL jap iv tovtoi^ otc irpMTOV jjuev tojv fJuaKa- 
pi^o/jbivcov 7] jSacTiXeia icFTi twv ovpavwv hevTepov he KXrjpovofMij- 
aovcTL Ttjv fyrjv. Now though the only MSS. in favour of this 
reading are D, 33, (BCD are the only MSS. of the oldest class 
that contain this portion), it is supported by the order of the 
Eusebian Canons and Ammonian Sections,* and by the Old Latin 

* Ammonius seems, in the third century» to have divided the four Gospels into 
sections, placing opposite each other those which were parallel, so as to construct 
what is called a harmony. Eusebius so arranged these sections as to throw them 



188 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

in all copies (except Cod. Veronensis, and the revised Cod. Brixi- 
anus), by the Vulgate, and by the Curetonian Syriac. So that 
few as the MSS. are which contain it, this reading was once 
widely diffused, and it is maintained by the distinct testimony of 
Origen and Eusebius. This express testimony overbalances all 
that could be said in favour of the common order of these verses, 
as deduced from the other MSS. and versions. 

The search after ancient evidence may lead us very far back ; 
so far indeed that hardly any existing MS. goes to such antiquity 
in its text ; the last referred to is a passage in which only two of 
the MSS. contain the demonstrated ancient reading. Now, in 
Matt. i. 18, we know how it was read in the second century from 
Irenseus, who (after having previously cited the words " Christi 
autem generatio sic eraf) continues, " Ceterum potuerat dicere 
Mattha3us, Jesu vero generatio sic erat; sed praevidens Spiritus 
Sanctus depravatores, et prasmuniens contra fraudulentiam eorum, 
per Matthaeum ait : Christi autem generatio sic erat^ (C. H. lib. 
iij. 16. 2.) This is given in proof that Jesus and Christ are one 
and the same person, and that Jesus cannot be said to be the 
receptacle that afterwards received Christ ; for the Christ was 
born. 

In all such cases it mag be supposed that Irengeus or any other 
writer only testifies to what was in his own copy, and therefore 
the evidence may go no farther than as relates to that single 
exemplar ; we may always then inquire whether an express state- 
ment has such confirmation as to show that the reading was 

all into ten tables, the first containing those portions common to all the Evan- 
gelists ; the next three those that were common to three of them ; the next five 
those that were common to two ; and the last comprising what was peculiar 
to each Gospel. These sections and canons often attest what passages were or 
were not read in the third centui'y. In this place the order of the Sections and 

f? kC • 26 27 
Canons as placed by Eusebius in the margin is - , - (i.e. -, — \ ; showing that the 

I e \ X V / 

26th section (under Canon X) was something peculiar to St. Matthew, namely, /aoucapiot 
ot TrpaeZj kt\ ; whilc the 27th section falling under Canon V, contained something com- 
mon to Matthew and Luke. A reference to the table shows that it is the 48th section 
of St. Luke that answers to the 27th in St. Matthew ; the words in St. Luke being the 
latter part of vi. 21. Thus in St. Matthew, the clause, /ixaKaptot oi irevOovvTe^, on. avrol 
TrapaKkri9r](TovTai, answers to that in Luke, fuaKapioi ot K\aCovTfs vvv, on yeXivere. Tran- 
scribers have confused the notes of the Canons as they stand in the margin of many 
MSS. ; but the table which makes the 27th section of St. Matthew answer to the 
48th of St. Luke, corrects the confusion and supplies the ancient evidence. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 189 

widely diffused. Let it be remembered tbat in tbis place tbe 
common reading is rov Be ^Irja-ov Xpca-rov, wbile Irenseus main- 
tains tbat 'Itjctov is not in tbe sentence. Tbe Old Latin and tbe 
Vulgate support Irenseus's reading, and tbus we bave full proof 
tbat it was common in the west; and further, tbe same reading 
is found in tbe Curetonian Syriac, jooi \±^o\ j^.^v,* ^, oijX. 
Tbus, tben, we bave full proof tbat tbis reading was also eastern. 
But bow does tbe case stand as to MS. authority ? Not a single 
known MS. supports it.* But wbile tbis is owned, it can be 
proved tbat tbis was once tbe reading of one of our oldest Greek 
MSS., now defective in tbis passage. Tbe first leaf of tbe Codex 
Bezae (D) is gone, but tbe Latin text on tbe opposite page pre- 
serves tbe readings ; so tbat it does not admit of reasonable doubt 
tbat tbat MS. omitted 'Irjcrov. Tbus, tben, tbe statement of 
Irenaeus is confirmed by a variety of independent testimony. 
Lacbmann marks tbe Irencean reading ==, as being equal to tbe 
common wbicb stands in bis text : it is tbus tbat be distinguishes 
those readings which are (in bis judgment) as well attested as 
what he admits into bis text, but which be does not introduce 
either into the context or tbe inner margin, because he considers 
that they have no ancient Greek authority for the actual words. 

There is one important exception to the general consent of 
MSS. in favour of the common form of tbe text ; for the Vatican 
MS. reads (as cited by Birch), rov 8e Xpiorrov 'Irjaov : f this 
subtracts greatly from any supposed common agreement of MSS. 
on tbe passage. It must be remembered that transcribers con- 
tinually added ^Irjaov^ to XpLo-ro^, and vice versa, from the mere 
habit of associating tbe names ; hence it is not remarkable that it 
should have been added here : tbe position, too, of 'Irjaov here 
between the article and the adjective Xpto-rov, seems to belong to 
tbe time when this bad become a sort of united proper name ; in 

* Tiscliendorf indeed cites Cod. 71 in its favour ; this seemed to be a mistake from 
the silence of all others who had examined this MS. ; and now that Mr. Scrivener has 
included this copy (Cod. Ephesius at Lambeth) in his " Collation of the G-ospels," we 
may be sure that this reading is not there. 

t Lachmann refers to Origen iii. 965'' as an authority for the same reading as is found 
in the Vatican MS. The passage occurs in Jerome's Latin translation of Origen's 
28th Homily on St. Luke, where the words are, " Christi autem Jesu generatio sic 
erat." This is rather doubtful ground for citing Origen's authority, especially as in 
the Greek fragments of this very homily we find the common reading. 



190 AN ACCOUNT OF THE TRINTED TEXT 

the New Testament this collocation is only found in passages 
certainly erroneous in reading, or else suspicious in the extreme. 

If we were arguing on grounds of internal evidence it might 
well be asked, How would the phrase be understood, with 'Irjaov 
between the art. and the adj., giving the collocation its full force 
and meaning? for then "the adjective does not distinguish the 
substantive from any other, but from itself in other circum- 
stances;" so that the adjunct Christ would not distinguish the 
Jesus here spoken of from the many others who bore it, but 
it would indicate that our blessed Lord had been born in some 
other manner, and that now the Evangelist said " the birth of 
Jesus as the Christ was thus." 

In another place (C. H. iij. 11,8) Irenaeus cites the same text, 
and then in the Old Latin version it stands of course in the 
same form. It is, however, a curious illustration of the manner 
in which transcribers have moulded citations in the writings 
of the fathers into the form of reading with which they were 
themselves familiar, that we find in the Greek text of this pas- 
sage of Irenseus, as preserved in the citation of Germanus, Patri- 
arch of Constantinople, the words given as read in the common 
Greek copies, — a reading which Irengeus repudiates as expressly 
as any one can a reading of which he never had heard. 

In Matt. xxiv. 36, after ovBe ol ayyeXot tmv ovpavcov, B D, and 
some versions, add ovSe 6 vm (as in Mark) ; the absence of this 
clause from ancient Greek copies, especially those of Origen and 
Pierius, is so attested by Jerome,* that we might even consider the 
evidence irrespective of the MSS. which have come down to us. 
And thus we may safely regard these words as introduced from 
the parallel place in IMark by harmonising copyists : the non- 
insertion is supported then by MSS. (once existing) in the third 
century, as well as by the Vulgate, the Peshito and Harclcan 
Syriac, the Memphitic and Thebaic. 

Sometimes an early variation of reading is stated (which still 
exists in our copies) so fully, as to give the opportunity of com- 
paring the ancient express testimonies with those still extant, and 

* " In quibusclam Latinis codicibus additum est, neque Films : quum in Grsccis, efc 
maxirae Adamantii et Pierii exemplaribus hoc non habcatur adscriptum." Hieron. 
in loc. (cd. Vallareii. vij. 199). 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 191 

then forming a judgment on the whole evidence. Thus, in 1 Cor. 
XV. 51, there are three readings the early existence of which can 
be shown from Jerome (Ad Minervium et Alexandrum) and 
Origen (as cited by Jerome, and as reading differently in one 
of his extant works). 

I. Travre? ov Koc/jbrjdrja-ofMeOa, 7rdvT€<; Be dWayrjo-ofjueda. 
we shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed. 

II. 7rdvT€<i KOLfjbTjOrjovfjLeOa, ov 7rdvT6<; Be dWayrjaofieda, 
we shall all sleep, but we shall not all be changed. 

III. Travre? dvaaTr^croixeOa^ ov 7rdvTe<; Be dXKuyrjaofieOa. 
we shall all rise, but we shall not all be changed. 

The Jirst of these readings is nearly the same as that of the 
common text (which however introduces fjuev) ; it is supported 
(besides this ancient testimony) by B D*** J K 37 and most 
later MSS. The Pesh. and Hard. Syr. Memph. Goth, and some 
fathers. 

The second reading is that of C F G (17) [and of A nearly], 
the Arm. and jEth., and some fathers. 

The third is the reading of D*, and the Latin Yulg., and 
of many Latin fathers. 

Thus the evidence for each of the three readings is strong ; 
but we can treat the question on the same grounds as if we had 
lived in the third century, for to that point the early testimony 
carries us. 

Does not the^r^^ of the readings then possess the best claim 
on our attention ? For the connection is such that the Apostle 
immediately speaks of the rjfjLeh who will not sleep, but will be 
changed when the trumpet sounds at the coming of the Lord. 
From this reading I consider the others to have sprung ; the 
expression 7rdvTe<; ov Kot/jbrjOrjoro/jLeda seems to have been mis- 
apprehended, as though it meant " none of us will sleep" (just as 
7ra9 in New Testament Greek, when followed by a negative, is 
sometimes equivalent to ouSet?) : it is no wonder that the negative 
should have been transposed in order to avoid this seemingly 
impossible statement. Origen in one place (i. 589 f) reads ov 
Trdyre^i KOifi. so as to connect the negative with the whole of the 
sentence. 

1 Cor. xiii. 3, Jerome (ed. Vail. vij. 517 e) mentions the same 



192 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

diversity of reading, KavOrjcrayfjiaL and Kav^V^^f^^^i whicli we 
still find : an error on the one side or tlie other of part of a 
letter. That the former is the true reading need not be doubted. 
Perhaps the rarity of a subj. fut. helped the introduction of the 
latter of these two readings, as a means of avoiding a form which 
sounded strange. 

Great care must be taken not to be hasty in assuming that we 
have express testimony to a reading ; all particulars of the evi- 
dence must first be weighed. 

In Matt, viii., Mark v., and Luke viii., we have narrations of the 
miracle of our Lord in casting out devils across the sea of Galilee, 
in which there is a great diversity as to the name of the region, 
Gadarenes, Gerasenes, Gergesenes. 

In Matt. viii. 28, the evidence stands thus : — 

FaSaprjvcov B C M A and some more recent copies, Pesh. and 
Hard, (txt.) Syr. 

TepyearjvMv L X K S U V (and C*** in mg.) 1 (and most 
copies), Memph. Goth. Arm. 

TepaaT^voyv D apparently, though now defective, because this 
is the reading of the Latin. Old Latin, the Yulg. Hard. Syr. 
in mg. (codd. 33 and 69 hiant). 

In Mark v. 1, the authorities stand thus : ■ 

repao-TjVMV B D. Old Latin ; Vulg. 

FepyecTTjVMv L AU 1, 33, and later MSS. Hard. Syr. in mg. 
Memph. Arm. ^th. 

FaSaprjvMV A C E F G H K M (and S V e sil.), 69, and most 
copies. Pesh, and Hard, (txt.) Syr. Goth. 

In Luke viii. 26, thus : — 

TepaaT^vwv B C* D, Old Lat. Vulg. Theb. Hard. Syr. mg. 

FepyearjvMV C** P L X, 1, 33, etc. Memph. Arm. ^th. Jer. 
Syr. 

raSaprjvcov A E F G H K M A Gr. (and SVe sil.) 69 Pesh. 
Hcl. (txt.) and Curt. Syr. (Curt. Syr. is defective in the other 
places.) 

The statement of this evidence seems to show that Tahap7]V(ov 



OP THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 193 

is the best supported reading in Matt., and TepaaT^vcav in Luke, 
and (probably) in Mark. The great variety of reading in the 
versions seems to have sprung from the manner in which not 
only in MSS. but also in versions, parallel passages were altered 
from one another. But a testimony from Origen (iv. 140) has 
been quoted, as if it proved that TepaarjVMV was the reading in 
Matt. It does seem to show that Tep'yearjvSiV (or Tepfyeaalwv) 
was a reading then unknown ; and it has been judged that this 
reading originated in the conjecture expressed by Origen, He 
says — 

To [levroir^e '^fiapTrja-dat, iv rot? ^EX\rqviKol<i aVTi<ypd^0L<; ra 
Trepl Tcov ovo/judroyv TroWa-^ov, koI diro tovtcov dv ti<; ireiadeiri ev 
Tol^ €vayy€\loL<i' r) irepl rov<i viro rcov Sai/JLOvicov KaraKprj/jLVL^ofii- 
vov<i Kol iv rfj 6aXd(T(Trj (TVfjb7rvtyo/jL6vov<; ')(pipov<; OLKOvo/jLia dvayi- 
ypaiTTat yeyovevai iv rfj x^P^ '^^^ Tepaarjvcov, Tepacra Be Trj<; 
^Apa^la^i iarl TroXa, ovre OdXaacrav ovre XlixvrjV ttXtjo-lov e^ovaa. 
Kal ovK dv ouTft)? 7rpo(f)av6<; yjrevBo'; Kol eveXeyKTOV ol evayyekiaral 
elpiJKeorav, dvBpe<^ iiriiiekoi^ ytvcoo-Kovre^i rd Trepl rrjv ^lovBatav. 
iirel Kal iv 6\lyot<; evpofjuev " et? rrjv %<wpaz^ rcov raBaprjvcov" /cal 
7rpo9 TovTO XeKTeov. TdBapa yap ttoXl^^ fiev iarc r^? ^lovBaia'^, 
irepl fjv rd Bca^orjra Oep/Jbd rvyxdvet, XlfJbvr) Be /cpr]fjLVOL<i irapKei- 
fjuevr} ovBa/JL(o<; iarcv iv avrfj rj OdXaaaa. ^AXkd Fepyecra, d^^ rj^ 
OL FepyeaaloL, TroA-t? dp^ctca Trepl ttjv vvv Ka\ov/jLev7]v Tc/3epLdBa 
Xi/jivrjv, Trepl rjv Kprjfivo'i TrapaKet/jL€yo<; rfj Xifivrj, defy ov BeUvvrao 
rov<; ^j^o/pou? vtto tcov BaL/movcov Karafie^XTJadaL. ep/JLrjveverai, Be 
rj Tepyeaa^ TvapoLKia iK^e^rjKorcov, eVcoj/Uyu-o? ovaa rd^ct Trpo(j)7)- 
Tt/cco? ov Trepl rbv o-arrjpa TreTroL^Kacn TvapaKaXeaavre^ avrov 
pbera^rjvat iic rcov oplcov avTMV ol tmv ^i^o/pcoz^ TToXlrat. 

The geographical difficulty need not be discussed here, though 
it seems clear enough that Origen had no authority for the 
mention of Gergasenes in this narration, and that this word may 
have obtained its place to avoid a difficulty, real or supposed. 
But is there any ground in this passage for the assumption that 
Origen had before his mind only Matt. viii. ? This remark 
occurs in his Commentary on John, when discussing the meaning 
and (what he considers to be) the corruption of proper names. 
He refers to the narration^ but not to any one of the three 
Evangelists by name ; hence I regard the application of this 



194 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

passage, as thougli it were an express testimony to the text of 
St. Matthew, to be a mistake; it is a good evidence that tlie name 
was sometimes read Gadarenes sometimes Gerasenes, and AGAINST 
Gergesenes as not being then a known reading. But this passage 
cannot be, I believe, appropriated to any one of the Evangelists 
exclusively. 

In Matt, xxvii. 16 and 17, some few copies prefix ^Irjaovv to 
y Bapa/3/3dv as though this had been the name of that malefactor, 

and that Barabbas (son of Abbas) was the surname or appellation 
merely. For this reading the authority of Origen has been cited 
from a passage no longer extant in Greek, but which stands 
thus in the Latin Interpreter of his Commentary on Matthew :— 
" Habebat autem tunc vinctum insignem, qui dicebatur Barabbas. 
Congregatis ergo eis, dixit eis Pilatus : Quem vidtis dimittam vobis 
Jesum Barabbam, an Jesum qui dicitur Cfiristus? Sciebat enim 
quod per invidiam tradiderunt eum. In multis exemplaribus non 
continetur, quod Barabbas etiam Jesus dicebatur, et forsitan recte, 
ut ne nomen Jesu conveniat alicui iniquorum." (iii. p. 918.) 
Now this does not give any ground for citing Origen for this 
reading in both the verses, for (as Lachmann, i. xxxviij. very 
properly pointed out) Origen's interpreter only mentions Jesus 
Barabbas in the words of Pilate, ver. 17 ; and further, Origen 
himself (i. p. 316) quotes that sentence without 'Irjcrovv: he cites 
these words with rbv before Bapa^jSdv, as now read in B (rlva 
OeXere rcov Bvo diroXvaco v/jlIv; tov Bapa/S/Sdv tj ^Irjaovv rbv 
Xeyofjuevov Xpiarov). A scholion in certain MSS. (sometimes 
ascribed to Anastasius, bishop of Antioch) also speaks of ancient 
copies which gave the words of Pilate 'Irjaovv tov Bapa^^dv. If 
then this supposed ancient authority were unexceptionable, still it 
would relate to ver. 17 only ; but it has been shown how doubt- 
ful it is in itself, and that Origen himself cites there the contrary 
reading ; and thus the inquiry arises. What existing evidence is 
there for such a reading ? In ver. 16, 'Irjaovv Bapaf3(3dv is found 
in 1 a prima manu, and two other copies ; also in another, a cor- 
rectore : also in the Armenian and Jerusalem Syriac versions. 
In ver. 17, 'l7)aovp tov Bapa/S^dv is the reading of 1 a prima 
manu, and of the two above mentioned whicli agree with it ; and 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 195 

a similar reading (tliougli perhaps without rbv) is given by the 
corrector in the fourth : * the same two versions support the 
reading here. If, however, the authority of Origen's interpreter 
be pleaded in the one verse, it should be in the other also ; and 
thus the insertion of ^Iriaovv in ver. 16, must not be admitted : 
and further, if this interpreter is a good witness that some copies 
contained this name in ver. 17, he is equally competent to testify- 
that some copies, and those too, perhaps, in his opinion, prefer- 
able, were then without it. Thus the adoption of this reading in 
hotli verses, involves a great inconsistency. Let it be freely 
admitted that, in the early centuries, some copies read, in ver. 17, 
airoXvaw vjmv ^Irjaovv Bapa^jSdv (or ^Irjcrovv tov Bap.). This 
need not be felt to be the slightest difficulty : it might have 
arisen, cither from a copyist taking the words which follow (omit- 
ting at first Bapa^^dv rj), and then, correcting himself in part, 
without erasing the word which he had written ; or it might have 
sprung still more easily from a repetition of the two last letters of 
vfuv, which would form the contraction IN for ^Irjo-ovv. Thus, 

AnOAYCQYMINTONBAPABBAN 
AnOAYCQYMININTONBAPABBAN 

This slight mistake is all that would be needed to introduce 
the reading. Few, perhaps, are aware how often errors of this 
kind arose in the ancient, undivided writing, from the accidental 
repetition of a few letters : indeed, the name Jesus has found its 
way in MSS. into many places simply from this cause : after the 
pronoun AYTOic, the three last letters having been repeated, 
AYTOicoic, this has been read as the contraction for avTol<^ 6 
'Ir]crov<;. 

After the marginal scholion already noticed had been appended 
to certain copies, it can be no cause for surprise that the name 
^Irjcrovv was inserted (at full length as in Cod. 1 , and not as a 
contraction) in some few copies in both verses. 

Thus slight are the grounds on which some would apply the 

* "Scholz's 299 : but lie leaves us in uncertainty as to this ; for he incorrectly quotes 
the other three MSS. in ver. 17, without noticing that they insert tw; in this Tischen- 
dorf has followed Scholz ; and as he inserts the word 'irjo-oSi' in his text in both verses, 
the want of accuracy as to the wording of his authorities is of all the more conse- 
quence. 



196 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

notion of " explicit ancient testimony" to tliis passage, and thus 
important is it to sift such testimony. Lachmann well asks, how 
could any suppose that if the evangelist had written 'Irjaovv Bap- 
ajBjBav in verses 16 and 17, he could have expressed himself (in 
verse 20), ol he ap'x^iepeh fcal ol irpea^vrepoi eireiaav tov<^ o')(\ov<; 
iva ah'^crcovTai, rov Bapa^/Sdv, rov he ^IH^OTN dTroXeacoacv. 

It may be fully admitted, that ancient authorities mai/ agree in 
upholding a reading which cannot be the true one. In every 
passage, however, where this is supposed, the whole case must be 
examined, so as to see whether there is really something incon- 
gruous in the ancient reading, or whether the objection springs 
from subjective feeling, and from that alone. If there is a certain 
error, let us next inquire if any means of correction are supplied, 
and if evidence does not furnish us with such, then we must avoid 
having recourse to the modern conjecture which recent traditional 
copies might supply. Better by far is it to preserve an ancient 
work of art which bears the marks of the injuries of time, than to 
submit it to the clumsy hands of some mere workman who would 
wish to mend it. If somewhat defaced, it might still bear testi- 
mony to the genius of the artist whose mind conceived it, and 
whose hand wrought it; — but, if unskilfully repaired, the original 
design must of necessity be yet more defaced and obscured ; so 
that a true judgment could scarcely be formed of its original 
excellence. 

But at all times let the objections to an ancient reading be 
weighed, and let it be seen whether they have not simply sprung 
from some traditional notion as to what the meaning of a passage 
ought to be. Thus, in 2 Tim. iv. 1, the common text runs thus, 
htafxapTVpoixai \ovv €70)] evannov rov 9eov koI [tov Kuplov] ^Irjcrov 
Xpcarov TOV /jieWovTo<; Kplveiv ^covra? kol yeKpov<; Kara ttjv eirt- 
^dvetav avrov koI tyjv ^aaCkelav avTov : in our English version, 
" I charge [thee] therefore before God and the Lord Jesus Christ, 
who shall judge the quick and dead at his appearing and his 
kingdom." It is admitted that the words ovv iyo) and rov Kvplov 
(placed within brackets above) arc not genuine ; and also the best 
authorities have Xpiarov before ^Irjaov: but, besides these differ- 
ences, the best authorities have kuI rrjv iincf). instead of Kara 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 197 

rrjv iirccj}. And this last-mentioned variation has been pointed at 
as devoid of sense. But whence does the supposed difficulty 
arise? Entirely from the meaning traditionally assigned to Sta- 
fiaprvpofiaL, which has been taken as though it expressed a charge 
given to Timothy, for which purpose "thee" has been added in 
translating. But BiafMapTvpofiau means far more fitly, " I testify," 
*' I bear witness," than " I charge," and especially so in such a 
connection as this : see Acts xx. 21, 24. Of course, it is fully 
admitted that such a phrase as "I testify that'' such a thing should 
be done, may, in its ultimate result, be equivalent to " I charge 
that"; here, however, the case is wholly different. The following 
is then the form of the verse, as found in the oldest and best 
Greek and Latin copies: — 

AiaixapTvpofiai iviainov tov ©eoO kol X-piaTOv ^Irjcrov, tov /xcXXovtos Kpivciv 
^oJVTas KoiX v€Kpovs, KoX TYjv iiTLffxiveLav avTOv Koi Tr]v ^acrikuav avrov. 

*' Testijicor coram Deo et Christo Jesu, qui judicaturus est vivos ac mor- 
tuos, et adventum ipsius et regnum ejus'^ 

" I bear witness in the presence of God and of Christ Jesus, who is to 
judge the quick and dead, both to His appearing and His king- 
dom." 

Thus the ancient copies really contain a very good meaning, 
and one which would, no doubt, have been seen at once, if it had 
not been obscured by a kind of traditional misapprehension. To 
this it may be added, that the order of the words in the Greek, as 
thus corrected, being somewhat opposed to modern idiom, may 
have aided in perpetuating the misapprehension. 

Sometimes the reading of a passage which is supposed to con- 
tain something incongruous, is not merely that of the ancient 
copies, but also of so many others as to be perhaps the numerical 
majority. Thus, in Luke xiv. 5, our Lord says, in the common 
text, " Which of you shall have an ass or an ox {ova rj ySoO?) 
fallen into a pit, and will not straightway pull him out on the 
sabbath day?" 

But, instead of 6vo<;, the reading vlo^; is found in (A) B E G H 
M S (U) V A, with many later copies (in A U preceded by the 
article 6); the same reading has been cited from the Peshito and 
Harclean Syriac (to which I may now add the Curetonian Syriac 



198 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

oiJoZ. oj oijo), tlie Thebaic, and two copies of the Old Latin 
(corrected). 

npo^arov is the reading of D ; while 0V09, as fonqd in the 
common text, is that of K L X, the Old Latin; theYulg., Memph., 
Arm., ^th. The other ancient MSS. not cited by name are here 
defective, as is the Gothic version. 

That vl6<; rj ^ov<; is the best-supported reading is most certain; 
6V09 seems to have sprung from Luke xiii. 15, where our Lord is 
also defending his having healed on the sabbath, saying, " Doth 
not each one of you on the sabbath loose his ox or his ass (rov 
fiovv avTov rj tov ovov) from the stall, and lead him away to water- 
ing?" Here we have 6V09 so connected with ySoO? on the subject 
of the sabbath, that it would be surprising indeed if some copyists 
had not introduced the word into this second passage ; translators, 
also, would have the same tendency quite as strongly ; for they 
ever sought to make intelligible what they rendered ; and vlo^ 
might be as much a difficulty to them as it has been to some later 
critics. IIpo^aTov, as found in D, seems to be simply another 
correction, taken from the " one sheep" (irpoParov ev) falling into 
the pit on the sabbath. Matt. xii. 11. 

And yet the reading vm has been opposed by many, who have 
thought that almost any conjecture is admissible in such a case. 
Michaelis says (ii. 394), " The first editors of the Greek Testa- 
ment so sensibly felt the impropriety of the reading vio? 77 /S0O9, 
Luke xiv. 5, that they unanimously inserted 01^09, though they 
found it not in a single MS. It is true that they had the autho- 
rity of the Vulgate, but even there the alteration had probably 
been made from mere conjecture." It is probable that Michaelis 
mistook in thinking that the early editors did not find 6V09 in any 
of their copies ; but still he approved of this, which he considered 
to be a purely conjectural reading of theirs. It seems, in fact, to 
be a conjecture of an earlier period. 

Mill had suggested, that for vlo^ we should read 01^ : and, 
though Lachmann of course inserted vm in his text, yet he men- 
tions this conjecture most approvingly in the Prolegomena to his 
second volume, page vij. He says, " Luke xiv. 5. rivo^ vjulcov TS 
(or rather O TZ) rj l3ov<; ek (j^peap ireaelrai ; that which pleased 
the early correctors is devoid of skill, namely, to substitute 6V09 or 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 199 

TTpo/Sarov. Mill was most true in his conjecture 01^. For I 
prefer writing ot? rather than oh, a form perhaps too Attic, and 
which by the ancients was not written S?." 

Yery similar conjectures have been put forth by a writer in the 
Edinburgh Eeview,* who traces however the reading vm or o vio? 
to the Latin ovis. This writer says that the reading u/o? is " ob- 
viously an absurd one," " a senseless reading," etc. 

But this conjecture has not nearly as much to recommend it as 
that of Mill and Lachmann : it is complicated ; and probably the 
writer would not have thought of it, and afterwards believed it to 
be so certain, if he had not been engaged in maintaining a new 
theory, on the supposed Latinising of the most ancient Greek 
MSS. (on this subject a word presently). 

If we had not the most ancient MSS. as witnesses, Mill's con- 

* Edinburgh Eeview, No. CXCI., July 1851, p. 34. " Luke xiv. 5. The reading of 
the Textus Receptus is, nVos vixSiv ovo? 17 /Sou? el? j>p4a.p Treaetrat ; if there were no varia- 
tions in the MSS., there would be nothing here but what might be expected. The 
two animals, 'the ass' and 'the ox,' are continually coupled together in the Old 
Testament, and therefore may be naturally expected in connection with one another 
here. But how to account for the extraordinary variation of the older Grreek MSS.? 
With two exceptions [this is not quite correct : see above'] the uncial codices all have 
the reading nVos vjawi' uibs ij /SoCs els ^p4ap nea-elTaL ; ' Which of you shall have a Son or 
an ox fall into a pit?' — a reading which is obviously an absurd one, but which is 
sanctioned not only by a large number of uncial MSS., but by some versions and 
ecclesiastical writers. Of the two exceptions, the one is the Vatican Codex [this is 
an erroneous statement ; the Alexandrian MS. probably is meant, but that is not 
alonej which has 6 vlbs (a reading which would witness against itself by the article, 
even if there were nothing suspicious about uibs) ; and the other the Codex Bezse, 
which furnishes a clue to the whole difficulty. That MS. has nVos e| viJ.Siv npopaTov fi 
jSov? eis <f)peap TrecretTat ; The Latin equivalent of irpoparov {ovis) being written in the 
margin of a Grreek MS. by way of explanation of the word, was, no doubt, taken by 
transcribers for a Greek word erroneously spelt, and indicating an alternative read- 
ing. One probably thought the initial letter forced out of its proper place, and that 
for ovts was to be read vl6?. Another, taking the initial letter for the article, thought 
that the o of the last syllable had been omitted, and that by outs was meant 6 uibs, the 
reading of the V^aticau [read Alexandrian] Codex. Whether ows is an arbitrary 
correction of the senseless reading vib?, or whether there were two very early alter- 
native readings, nVos vjx<3v trpo^arov r] /3oO?, and TtVos vju.wi' ovos 1? /Sous, we will not pretend 
to determine. But we think no one, whose attention has been once called to the 
matter, will doubt for an instant that the reading nVos v/awi/ vibs jj /SoOs (which has far 
more weighty MS. authority than any other) grew up in the way we have described, 
through the intervention of a Latin version." 

To this I say, in the words of a German of the last century, on a different subject, 
*' Then I am that no one" : even if a conjecture had been needful and justifiable, why 
should we wander to the Latin for ovis, when the Greek tongue itself supplies us 
with CIS ? To do this, would be like making an immense circuit to reach a point 
near home. 



200 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

jccture might have had much in its favour : for the later of the 
uncial codices do so confuse vowels, as to exchange 01 and T : 
thus aov and cv are confounded ; and so ot? might have been 
written i;?, identical in letters with the contraction f? for u/o?. 
But the oldest MSS. are free from vowel changes such as this^ and 
besides, the versions do not support the word sheep (be the Greek 
ot9 or irpo^arov) in the passage. 

The investigation then shows, that, without license of conjec- 
ture, the reading vm cannot be rejected : is it, then, so absurd 
and senseless as has been asserted? Let the ivhole context be exa- 
mined, instead of narrowing the question just as if we had to 
inquire, whether we should have expected the collocation " son or 
ox"? 

Our Lord is here speaking of the sanctification of the sabbath, 
which the Pharisees deemed that he had violated by healing on 
that day. Now the law of the sabbath, as given in the decalogue, 
Deut. V. 14, runs thus: " In it thou shalt not do any work, thou, 
nor thy SON, nor thy daughter, nor thy man-servant, nor thy 
maid-servant, nor thine OX, nor thine ass, nor any of thy cattle." 
This law, then, is divided into two parts; the former relating to 
the rest of the persons, the latter to that of the animals of him to 
whom it is addressed. At the head of the former stands the son, 
of the latter stands the ox. But, though persons and animals 
were alike to rest, yet, if either had fallen into a well, our Lord 
shows (in full conformity with the decisions of the Jewish doctors, 
so that no one could answer a word), that he should be delivered 
from this danger and inconvenience, even on the sabbath ; and 
similarly had he acted in healing the man that had the dropsy. 
Was there, then, any thing strange in his referring to the son and 
the ox in the very terms of the law of Moses, as the heads of the 
two classes whose rest was commanded? " Which of you shall 
have a SON or an ox fallen into a pit, and will not straightway 
pull him out on the sabbath day?" Though you are commanded 
to let them rest, yet, on emergency, you may act for their welfare. 

The article in the Edinburgh Review, to which allusion has 
just been made, repeats the charge of Latinising against the oldest 
MSS., and not against these only, but also sometimes (as in the 
passage just given) against even the numerical majority. A new 



OP THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 201 

theory is, Kowever, brought forward, as explaining and accounting 
for the alleged " Latinising." 

After speaking of " the alteration of Greek MSS. from Latin 
ones" as a " fact," " to wHcli it would be desirable that the atten- 
tion of scholars should be more carefully directed than has hitherto 
been the case," the Eeviewer develops his theory thus: — 

" The main origin of the comparison of Greek MSS. with Latin 
ones, is probably to be looked for in the intercourse which took 
place between some of the principal ecclesiastics of the Greek 
church and the church of Eome, during the time of the Arian 
troubles. Among others, Athanasius and his successor Peter, in 
the fourth century, and John, also bishop of Alexandria, in the 
fifth, passed a considerable time at Rome, and probably brought 
from thence not only an intimacy with the Latin language, but 
also copies of the Scriptures as used in the Latin churches. Now 
nothing would be more natural than for the possessor of any one 
of these, when he found a discrepancy between the Greek codex 
used in his own church, and his new acquisition, to note the varia- 
tion in the margin, either in Latin (as it existed) or in its Greek 
equivalent, or perhaps in both ; the former for his own satisfac- 
tion, the latter for the information of his successors who might not 
be ' docti sermones utriusque linguaa.' " 

This theory is then illustrated by three passages : the third of 
these has just been mentioned ; the second is thus stated : — 

" Marc. xi. 8. The Textus Receptus has ttoWoI Se (kol iroXkol' 
B C) ra ifidna avrSiv earrpaia-av eU ttjv oBov, dWoc Se cm^aZa^; 
eKCTTTOv eK TMV BivBpcov KOL GaTpwdav (iarpcovvvov D a b c) et? 
TTjv oSov. For the last clause, the Vatican Codex (B) has the 
variation aWot 8e arL^aZa^ Koyfravre'; i/c toov dypcov. Now it is 
not at all difficult to conceive how both these readings might be 
derived from a common original, if it were not for the strange 
discrepancy between dypcov and SevBpcov. But these words can 
never have been directly interchanged with one another. The 
change must have come through a Latin version ; ' arborum,' the 
translation of BivSpcov, became readily altered into (or taken for) 
' arvorum,' and the Greek equivalent of this (dypcov) was placed 
in the margin as an alternative reading to Bevhpcov. The true 
reading is (we have little doubt) to be gathered from the combi- 



202 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

nation of the two sources: koI ttoWoI ra Ifidna avrcov earpcoaav 
et? Tr]v oBov, aXXoL he crri/SaBa^ KoyjravTe'^ etc twv hevhpwv,''^ (Edin. 
Eev. CXCL, July 1851, pp. 33, 34.) 

There are a good many questions involved in this theory and its 
application. The examples ought themselves to be of the clearest 
nature, so as to be legitimate premises for a process of inductive 
reasoning ; and they ought, if applied to a particular theory^ at 
least to involve no impossibility, an anachronism for instance. 

To investigate the case before us, the evidence for a'ypwv (instead 
of SivSpcov, of the common text) must first be stated: B C L A 
(Greek); the Memphitic version as edited by Schwartze, the The- 
baic, and the margin of the Harclean Syriac ; also Origen twice. 
This last-cited authority upsets all connection of tliis passage with 
the Latinising theory now advanced ; for, as Origen twice cited 
arypcov in the third century, it could not' have been introduced 
through Latin influence in the fourth. " The change must have 
come through a Latin version," is only an assertion, requiring 
proof, and that is not supplied by a second assertion, that it took 
place in a certain manner : and whether " these words can never 
have been directly interchanged," or not, must depend wholly on 
facts : few that have examined various readings are not aware that 
the most unaccountable changes have continually taken place — 
words have been mistaken for one another, wholly irrespective of 
sense or of resemblance. Aevhpwv is a reading which may well 
have arisen from an attempt, designed or not, to correct aypcov, 
the reading which has the support of the best ]\IS. authority, as 
well as of good versions, and Origen. For SivSpcov is tlie reading 
of the parallel place ]\Iatt. xxi. 8, and a copyist would easily 
enough exchange "cut branches from the fields" for "cut branches 
from the trees^ * Proclivi scriptioni praistat ardua. The cases in 
which one evangeUst had been corrected to produce verbal agree- 
ment with another, could hardly be over-estimated at the end of 
tlic fourth century. 

* The reading SeVSpwi/ would afHx definitely to (TTi/SaSas (ox* o-rot/SaSas) the signification 
of branches. But this is not exactly the meaning of crnfid^, even though it might be 
so applied : " stuffings of leaves," or cushions so made, is what the word implies ; so 
that here it might mean such herbage as was gathered from the fields to strew before 
our Lord. The nature of the case would almost exclude the notion of any branches 
being strewed in tlic way of the ass's colt, except the small ones covered with fresh 
verdure. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 203 

The other case brought forward by the Keviewer is Mark i. 41, 
where, for the common reading (jif\a^')(yi<jQei<^^ the Codex Bezge 
(D) has o/37tcr^et?, and in the Latin iratus (which is found in Cod. 
Vercellensis, and one other Latin copy). The Keviewer supposes 
that iratus came from miseratus, misread in some Latin copy, and 
that opycaOeh sprang from a retranslation into Greek. This mai/ 
possibly be the origin, but even then we might ask for some proof 
that any Latin copies ever read miser atus ; and it would be vain 
to argue from a peculiarity in the Codex Bez^e, as though we 
could generalise from such a point. But the notion of opyccrOeh 
and iratus might just as well spring up from confounding this 
miracle of healing with the very different one in Mark iii. 5, 
where fier opyr}^ occurs. This passage is but a poor help to the 
theory, that Greek MSS. became conformed to the Latin through 
a comparison in the fourth century; for one doubtful supposition 
cannot be rightly brought forward to strengthen another of the 
same kind. 

So much, then, for the charge of Latinising, in its most recent 
form. The supposed fact should first be proved ; for until that is 
done, it is vain to invent theories to account for it. It may, how- 
ever, be remarked, that Greeks were but little likely to introduce, 
or even to notice, Latin variations. If versions ever affected 
copies of the original, it could liardly have arisen, except among 
those to whom such versions were vernacular ; and Greek fathers 
show little proof of much acquaintance with Latin, acquired 
through residing in the West or otherwise. 

The difficulty felt as to a passage in the form presented in the 
most ancient authorities, when arising solely from the mode in 
which such a passage has been traditionally apprehended, is well 
illustrated by 1 Cor. xi. 29, where the oldest copies read, o yap 
eaOlcov KOi ttlvcov KpLfjca eavrS eaOiei koI TTivet jur) huaicpivcov ro 
CTM/Jia, without ava^lco^ after irivcov, or rov Kvplov after to aoipba. 
A great difficulty has been raised as to the former non-insertion, 
as if it involved some unprecedented ellipsis of ahoKifjiacrTw^^ or 
some such word, or as if the verse would thus affirm absolutely of 
him who eateth and drinketh, that he doth eat and drink judg- 
ment unto himself, not discerning the body [of the Lord]. But 



204 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

let the words be taken just as a sclioolboy would be told to 
construe tliem if they occurred in some common book, and then 
all notion of difficulty, harshness, and ellipsis, vanishes at once. 
Mr) SiaKpLvcov must be taken with the nominative before the verb, 
and then we get the meaning plainly enough, " He that eateth 
and drinketh not discerning the [Lord's] body, eateth and drink- 
eth judgment to himself" All this would be too obvious to 
require its being pointed out, had it not been that veri/ learned 
men have stumbled at this very sentence, and raised a difficulty 
where none really exists. 

Simply to construe a sentence according to its grammatical 
meaning, and in the order of construction, will sweep away many 
supposed difficulties in the ancient readings, and it will even make 
phrases which at first seemed contradictor 2/ to be identical in their 
general meaning. Thus, in Col. ii. 18, " Let no man beguile you 
of your reward in a voluntary humility and worshipping of angels, 
a fiTj €copaK€v ejjb^arevwv eiKr) (pvaLov/JL6VO<; viro rov voo<i r?}? aapKo^; 
avTov, intruding into those things which he hath not seen, vainhj 
puffed up hy his fleshly mind^^ ; the negative ixr] is not recognised 
by the oldest and best authorities. This looks at first like a con- 
tradiction; and hence it has been inferred that, if we so read, we 
conclude that the person spoken of had seen what is mentioned. 
But simply construe the sentence without yit^, and the supposed 
difficulty vanishes: " intruding into those things which he, vainly 
puffi3d up by his fleshly mind, hath seen ; " it was not that he 
actually had seen them, but only as thus puffed up. It is not 
surprising that, in such a sentence as tliis, the versions should 
generally have introduced the negative, thus to exclude all notion 
of its being predicated that he had seen them. 

The passages to which reference has thus been made, may be 
taken as instances of the supposed difficulties which have been 
started in connection with the oldest readings, — difficulties which 
disappear when investigated, and which thus lead the more 
strongly to the confirmed conclusion, tliat the ancient documents 
are the witnesses to the ancient text. 

All proper means, of course, should be used for checking the 
testimony of the oldest MSS., especially in places of supposed 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 205 

mistake. One important aid in tliis, as to tKe Gospels, is afforded 
by the Ammonian Sections and Eusebian Canons ; for we are thus 
enabled to show the insertion or non-insertion of clauses in the 
third century. Thus in Luke xxiii., vv. 43, 44 are omitted in A B ; 
they are marked with asterisks in others ; they are omitted in the 
Thebaic, the revised Latin Cod. Brixianus, and in one MS. of the 
Memphitic ; but, besides their being supported by other autho- 

rities, they form the section marked —^ ; that is the 283rd section 
of St. Luke, belonging to the tenth Eusebian Canon, comprising 
what is peculiar to the respective Gospels. Thus the section, 
though omitted by such good authorities, is well and satisfactorily 
supported. It was passed over, in church reading, at an early 
period, and hence transcribers omitted it. Its genuineness is well 
vouched by Justin Martyr, Irenseus, and Hippolytus. But, besides 
the MSS. which now contain it, it is supported, as to evidence, 
even by A, which omits it ; for that MS. has the Ammonian 
Section and Eusebian Canon in the margin, opposite the end of 
verse 42, to which they cannot belong. 

In Mat. xvi., B and some other authorities omit the latter half of 
V. 2 (from o^^rla^^ 7ej/.) and all v. 3 ; but here again the Eusebian 
Canons aid us, by arranging these verses as answering to Lu.xii.54, 
etc. The omission in B produces verbal conformity to ch. xii. 39. 

A proved erratum in MSS. (the best in themselves) must be 
rejected : thus, in Matt, xxvii. 28, where the order of the loords 
in the best MSS., etc., is, koX eKhvcravre^ avrov ')(Xa/jLvBa kok- 
KIV7JV TrepceOrjKav avTw : but here the MSS. B D and the Old 
Latin are cited as reading eVSucravre? : of these, however, D and 
the Latin copies read evhv(TavTe<i avrov Ifidnov nropi^vpovv Kal, 
so that B stands alone in having merely iyBvoravT€<; for eKhvaavre^. 
The origin of the erratum seems to have been the parallel passage, 
Mark xv. 17, Kal iyBiBvaKovaiV (common text evhvovaiv) avrov 
iropcjivpav Kal Treporideacriv avrco irXe^avre^; aKavOivov aricpavov: 
hence the change of one letter, as in B, and then, to make this 
consistent, the addition (from John xix. 2) in D, etc. In such a 
case as this, it is no departure from principle, but the very con- 
trary, to adhere to such authorities as A L, and the mass of MSS. 
(including 1, 33, 69) and versions, in reading eKBvcravre^* 

* Cod. 33 has avrbi' to. IfxaTia avTOv. 



206 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

In Heb. xi. 35, the only two MSS. of the most ancient class 
which contain the passage, A and D*, read eXa/Sov ryvvaltca^, in- 
stead of yvvalKe'i : the latter, however, is supported by the oldest 
corrector of D (in the seventh century, probably), J K, and 17 
and 37, and the rest of the cursive copies. Now, this reading of 
A D* seems simply to have been suggested to the copyist by the 
collocation of words: "they took wives,"* was a notion more 
readily suggested to them than " women received": also, the sub- 
ject of the passages is, the persons who exercised faith, so that this 
would be made in one sense more consistent. But the latter 
words of the clause were then left without meaning or connection, 
e^ avaaTda6(o<; tov<; v6Kpov<; avrcjv. This is quite enough to hint 
that there must be an erratum, and thus we are, of course, thrown 
on the testimony of the other ancient MSS., confirmed as it is by 
the ancient versions.f The Commentary of Chrysostom (which, 
even if not his, is about contemporary) shows how he must have 
read the words in the text, and early scholia preserved in MSS. 
give proof of the same thing; J so that we may confidently reject 
iyvvalKa<;, as an early erratum of some copies, and retain yvvaiKC';, 
not as savouring of conjectural emendation, but as being the de- 
monstrated ancient reading of the text. 

Some have pointed to Matt, xxvii. 49, as though the principle 
of recurrence to ancient authorities would require, at the end of 
that verse, the addition of the words aXXo? Be Xa/Scov \6y')(r}v evv- 

* The divisions into o-Tt'xot, in D, show a kind of punctuation, and thus a very 
peculiar meaning has been given to this passage, in connection with the preceding 
words : in the Latin text of this MS., the hiatus in the construction occasioned by 
the erratum yvvaiica<; has been partly obviated by an alteration in rendering. 

nAPGNBOAACeKAINAN CASTRAS CEPERUNT 

AAAOTPmNGAABONrYNAIKAC ^'"^mERES^^ ACCEPERUNT MU- 

eSANACTACeOCTOYCNeKFOYCAYTflN DE RESURRECTIONE MORTUO- 

RUM SUORUM 

t Some indeed have spoken of the Syriac as though it did not support the common 

Greek reading: this, however, it does, though in a paraphrase. (-aJ.A. QOcruo 
"And they gave to women their sons, from resurrection of the dead :" the translator 
so rendering as to indicate that the faith referred to was in the prophets, not in the 
women. 
X Chrysostom's note (after citing tlie words as we have them) is,— Ta Kara roi/s npo- 

(/)ijTa? ivTavOa Xtyei, rov 'EAiorcrator, tw 'IIAiav re/cpous yap avi<TTt](Tav oCxot. 

The scholion published by IMatthcei from his Cod. a is,— ''EXa^oi/ yuvaixes] 17 xnpo- «»* 

17 (Toifj-aviTi^. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 207 

^61/ avTOv rrjv Trkevpdv, kol e^rfkOev vBo)p koI alfia. TKis clause 
is found in the very ancient and valuable copies B C, also in L U 
and five cursive MSS., in tlie iEtliiopic and tlie Jerusalem Syriac. 
But tlie otlier versions do not contain this clause, and their united 
testimony is, in such cases, of paramount weight. The Eusebian 
Canons mark them as peculiar to St. John (chap. xix. 34) ; and 
indeed St. John himself (in verse 35) intimates very plainly that 
he was testifying to a circumstance not previously on record ; so 
that, on the face of it, this clause cannot pertain also to St. Mat- 
thew. The MSS. in general are free from it, and amongst others 
A D, which belong to the most ancient class. To this testimony, 
we must, of course, adhere ; and if surprise be expressed by any, 
that such excellent copies as B C should wrongly insert it in Mat- 
thew, it is only needful to inform such, that no manuscript lohat- 
ever is wholly free from the harmonising mistakes of copyists^ who 
brought passages into verbal agreement with one another, and 
inserted in one Gospel what properly belongs to another. A 
scholion which is found in the margin of a Greek MS., ascribing 
this insertion in St. Matthew's Gospel to the effects of Tatian's 
Harmony (or Dia Tessaron) is probably right in its statement of 
the fact. 

Among the points which may be specified in which the oldest 
authorities should be followed, are proper names^ as to which, not 
a little has been done by copyists in the way of alteration, and 
attempted correction. Thus, from the name David having been 
commonly written by contraction AAA, has arisen the vicious 
orthography found in common editions, AafilB. The older MSS., 
when they give this name at full length, spell it AavetS, and in 
this they ought to be followed ; it is a point quite unimportant 
whether the copyists meant by €t the diphthong, or the simple 
vowel t (which are continually interchanged even in the oldest 
books), for we cannot do better than adhere to the form which 
they actually give. In Hebrew names in general, when written 
in Greek, the forms best supported by authority should be used, 
oven though they show that the sound of the name had been 
somewhat corrupted by the Greek writers. Thus, in Matt. i. 10, 
we need not be surprised to find that 'A/jloo^ is the reading of B C 



208 AN ACCOUNT OF THE FEINTED TEXT 

M A and otlicr autliorities, where tlie common text has ^Afuov: 
nor can we rightly argue that as the latter was properly the name 
of this king, therefore the other form must be a mistake of 
copyists ; for the argument lies directly the other way : the better 
authorities give the name in such a form that others were inclined 
pro more to correct it. The real question is not, What was the 
form of the name in Hebrew ? but. How was it written in Greek ? 
For nothing can be more habitual than the changes of the termi- 
nations of proper names, when transfused from one language to 
another. Similar to this is ^Aaacf) instead of the commonly edited 
^Aaa in verse 7. In Josephus it may be seen how there was a 
tendency to add a consonant to a Hebrew proper name ; he then 
further appends a declinable termination. 

Some of these forms of the oldest MSS. seem strange to those 
who are unaccustomed to them ; but we must remember that we 
find no difficulty with regard to names of which we have adopted 
the Greek rather than the Hebrew forms ; thus, both in the Old 
Testament and the New, we have through the Greek adopted 
Moses, Solomon, Eve, Abel, etc., which are quite as inadequate as 
the instances just mentioned, to express ''5p, i^JD, ^u?^^ nc^O. 
The proper name Shiloah affords a good example of the changes 
made in giving such a word a Greek form. This, in Hebrew, is 
Dl''^ Isa. viii. 6, and ^W^ Neh. iii. 15; while ^CKwdfji is employed 
as the Greek equivalent in the New Testament, and also in the 
LXX. in Isaiah. This shows that no objection can be raised 
against such forms, from the added consonant giving a termination 
quite foreign to the nature of the Greek tongue. We may also 
remember how, in English, we find no difficulty in using James 
as the equivalent for that which sounds so differently, 'IdKcofio<;. 
In names of places, etc., the older orthography should of course 
be followed, and thus the form Kacpapvaovfi stands on a higher 
ground of authority than Kairepvaovfju of the later copies. In 
some words there seems to be such a difference of orthography, 
that each occurrence must stand on its own degree of evidence : 
Nazareth is an instance of this ; tliis name is sometimes found 
simply Na^apd, and this seems to have been the name in itself; 
and then it is lengthened in different occurrences, by various au- 
thorities, into Na^apdr, Na^apdO, Na^aper, .Na^apiO: the latter 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 209 

appears to be the form generally best attested; in Matt. iv. 13, 
however, Na^apa simply appears to be correct. It may be in 
itself wholly indifferent whether we spell MaOdalo<^ or MarOaco^;, 
but the former has the united authority of B D, and there was no 
reason why it should be changed into this form from the latter ; 
while the analogy of Greek orthography would tend to the alter- 
ation the other way. 

In grammatical forms, the old authorities must be allowed to 
assert their claim ; and thus the vv icpeXxvcrrcKov ought to appear 
in the flexion of verbs, whether a consonant follow or a vowel; 
so too in the datives plural of nouns and participles. This reten- 
tion of V is not peculiar to a few of the most ancient copies, but 
it is so widely extended that its present general omission is re- 
markable. So, too, as to Xa/JL^dvco and its compounds; in which 
the ancient MSS. retain the fM before a labial, where the common 
books omit it. In this we must follow the old copies, in the rus- 
ticity of sound, and write XTjfjLyjrerai,, XTjfKJiOijo'eTac, etc. In other 
points of orthography, united testimony should prevail over 
custom. 

But besides these points, there are others in which the oldest 
MSS. (or some of them) stand opposed as to grammatical flexion 
to the other copies : in these cases, the forms in the later MSS. 
may be considered to be corrections. Amongst these must be 
reckoned the accusatives in -av, such as ^(elpav, aaripav^ the geni- 
tives and datives in -t;^ and -y instead of -a? and -a, such as fia- 
')(aip7]<^, -prj, a7r6Lp7]<;, aTrelprj. 

So, too, peculiarities as to the formation of verbs ; such as 
the second aorist with the terminations of the first, as ^XOa, 
7]\0afM6v, evpdjbLTjv : peculiarities as to the augment, such as not 
doubling the letter p, as ipa^Sicrdrjv ; the reduplication of the 
same letter, as pepavrco-fievot ; the insertion of the augment before 
the former part of a compound verb, as iirpocj^rjTevo-av for 'jTpo€(j)7]- 
revaav (or irpovcprjT.) To these points, amongst others, might be 
added the formation of the third person plural of the perfect, with 
the same termination as the first aorist, as yiyovav, ecopaKav: also 
the termination -oaav for the third person plural of the imperfect 
and second aorist. 

It must always be borne in mind, that the uncial MSS. contain 



210 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

many intercKanges of vowels ; arising, apparently, from tlie mode 
of pronunciation wliicli prevailed when they were written ; in the 
MSS. older than the seventh century, this was, however, not 
nearly as prevalent as in those that are more recent; and thus the 
probability of confusion of syllables (or even words) is far less in 
the oldest class. In «//, the interchange of et and i is habitual; 
so too of at and e in most (from which, however, B is in great 
measure exempt) ; while the other confusions of vowels are rare in 
the oldest class,* so that they cannot be charged, like the more 
recent copies, with confounding w and o, — a permutation which 
would continually affect the sense; and which, if general, would 
often make the true reading of a passage a point of conjecture: 
in any question of reading between omega and omicron, the most 
ancient copies must determine. 

In those interchanges of vowels which were common even when 
our oldest MSS. were written (et and t, and at and e), the ordi- 
nary rules of Greek orthography must be followed throughout : 
but it must be remembered that, whichever is written^ it involves 
no license of conjecture to read \h.G other. 

Iota subscribed or postscribed belongs to the same subject as 
vowel changes. This letter had formerly been postscribed, as may 
be seen in inscriptions, and in secular MSS., such as the Vatican 
fragments of Dion Cassius ;t but it was wholly omitted in biblical 
codices before the time when our most ancient copies were writ- 
ten, | and the subscribed Iota belongs to a much more recent pe- 
riod. § Its insertion, therefore, in printed editions, is rather a 
compliance with modern practice, than a requirement of ancient 

* The interchange of the toords v and el appears to be anterior to the confusion of 
sound, which subsequently led to the substitution of one vowel for another. 

t For instance, eNTfllCYNeAPIQI, AYTOI, CKeiNQI; but on the same page 
occurs T0I0YT12ANAPI, showing that the insertion of the Iota was on the wane. 

X For the only traces of Iota postscribed in uncial MSS. of the New Testament, 
see above, page 158 note. 

§ The cursive MSS. are most irregular in their use of the postscribed or subscribed 
Iota. The following is the testimony of Mr. Scrivener, in his " Collation of the 
Gospels" (a book of great value on such points, for the facts which it contains) :— 
" I have diligently noted in the preceding chapter which of the copies I have collated 
retain, and which reject, tlic i. In the great majority i ascriptum is found but rarely ; 
in all, it is far oftener neglected than inserted : . . . . i subscriptum is seldom met 
with at all except in m and n, and even in them 1 must make the same reservation ; 
it is still more fre(inenlly omitted." {Intvod. p. Ixxj.) 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 211 

autliority. But, tKougli tlie oldest MSS. of tlie New Testament 
show no instance of tliis Iota, yet there are cases in whicli there 
may be perhaps a trace of its existence: for the oldest MSS. pre- 
sent the forms Sep (written, of course, Bco) and Boo, and <yv(p Qyvco) 
and jvoL, etc., as though they might stand interchangeably the one 
for the other : as if, in fact, Afll of the more ancient orthography 
mi^ht be expressed by either All ov A 01. In all these points the 
authorities must be followed ; but this fact suggests the inquiry, 
whether the terminations -oc and -« ever stand the one for the 
other in circumstances of a different kind ; for if this appears to be 
the case, it must be considered as orthographic variation merely ;^ 
and thus to disregard the form actually occurring, would not be 
in any sense license of conjecture. 

An instance of a word in which it has been supposed that the 
termination -ot ought to be -«, is found in avyKXrjpovo/iot, 1 Pet. 
iii. 7 : for which it has been proposed to read o-vyKXrjpovofjLO), so as 
to be closely connected with the dative singular a/cevet, which has 
immediately preceded. Now, though there is no direct authority 
for so taking this word, yet there is no occasion to alter a letter of 
the text to enable us to understand it thus, if the connection and 
construction really require it ; * for, when the postscribed i had 
ceased to be written, -wi was in fact expressed either by -oi or -co. 

In the MSS. later than the seventh century, there is a similar 
(almost indiscriminate) use of -ei and -77 (for -77 as well as for -r] 
simply). Thus, in Matt. viii. 20, kXIw) is written Kklvei in G K 
M X. Now, if it could be shown that, at an earlier period, rji 
(after the i had ceased to be written) was expressed at option by- 
-rj or -et, it might account for some of the terminations which we 
find. Thus it would explain away the future subjunctive (as it 
now stands) Xva Bcocry. But until it has been shown that such 
interchanges were in use prior to the general confusion of vowels, 
as found in the later uncials, this must remain a future subjunc- 
tive, in spite of those grammarians f who wish to bend the facts of 

* The Elzevir text has often been quoted (among others by Tischendorf) as though 
it read (ruyKXripov6iJL.oL^, this, however, is a mistake ; for it accords with the Stephanie 
reading -/xoi. For -jaots, which Tischendorf has adopted, there appears to be hardly 
any MS. authority at all. 

t An allusion has been made, in the concluding foot-note to § 12, to the manner in 
which Lachmann was attacked for calling IVa Swcttj the future subjunctive. Besides 



212 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

language to tlieir rules, instead of making the rules the record of 
the facts previously existing. 

As the oldest MSS. are without accents (for those in B are from 
a later hand), they must be placed according to the ordinary rules, 
irrespective of what we find in those MSS. which contain them; 
for in the oldest of such MSS. they are frequently placed with but 
little regard to exactness. 

Punctuation is a subject on which, generally speaking, editors 
have thought themselves at liberty to act according to their own 
discretion : because there is no proof that the stops were any part 
of the original documents, and thus their introduction has been 
regarded as simply marking the sense affixed by the copyist (or 
by those whose exposition he followed) to the sacred Text. 

But although it is fully owned that authoritative punctuation 
does not exist, yet there are, in many of the ancient ]\ISS., marks 
of distinction, which serve as pauses ; and where there is any 
uniformity in their collocation, a supposed necessity should be 
very great which leads to a departure from them. To this may 
be added, that, at times, early writers distinctly show how they 
connected words, and where they introduced pauses ; and this, 
in such a case, may be called authority^ as far as it goes. Pauses 
are indicated in some MSS. by a simple dot* between two words, 
accompanied at times by a small blank space : and, after sticho- 
metry was introduced, the division of the lines, with or without 
a dot, served the same purpose. It will generally be found that 
these ancient pauses answer to some of our stops, because Ian- 
Rev, viii. 3 of the common text, the same construction is found in the authenticated 
reading of John xvii. 2, tVa irav o fie'fico/ca; avraJ fiojCTTj avToi? ^coV alotvLOi/. Thcrc would be no 
difSculty about the case, had not one been made by grammatical critics. 

* Farther than this we cannot go in our definitions; an endeavour has been made 
to distinguish between the powers of such a dot, according to its place in the middle, 
the top, or the bottom of a line, as indicating a greater or less pause. This theory, 
however, is untenable; and all that can be said is, that a dot indicates some pause^ so 
that the words included between such dots were meant to be taken together in read- 
ing, whether much disjoined from the rest of the sentence or not. 

Stichometrical writing was intended for the same purpose,— namely, to aid the reader, 
who might often have found difficulty in reading aloud the Greek as written without 
even word-divisions : hence the a-Ti'xoi were in part dependent on the reader's breathy 
and in a long sentence they would indicate often much smaller pauses than in a short 
one. The divisions into (ni\oi very often answer to the place of a dot in previous use. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 213 

guage is more frequently definite tlian the contrary; and though 
it sometimes happens that sense may be made of a passage with 
variety of interpunction, yet such a case is the exception : it 
commonly holds good, that he who understands the subject will 
be able to supply the pauses, even when no stops are marked : * 
and so the sense of most Greek writers enables an intelligent 
editor to introduce the modern notation of stops as we use them. 

The great aim in the interpunction of the New Testament, 
ought to be so to place the pauses as not to hinder the sense from 
being apprehended. Where an editor must determine how he 
will connect words, he has to examine the scope of the passage, 
and to avoid, on the one hand, adhering to a traditional division 
unless it is supported by both sense and grammar, and on the 
other he should not reject an ancient interpunction, when it can 
be proved to be such, provided it involves no impropriety ; even 
though it may differ from what has been usual ever since the 
sacred text was printed. 

Thus, in John i. 3, 4, the habitual ancient division is pre- 
sented thus : — Trdvra Bt avrov iyeveTo, kol %ft)j0t9 avTov iyevero 
0V06 €V. U yeyovev ev avrcp ^cor) rjv, Kai rj ^corj rjv to ^w? tcov 
avOpooTTcov. " All things were made by him, and without him 
was not anything made. That which was in him was life, and 
the life was the light of men." The modern practice has been to 
disjoin o yeyovev from the latter sentence, and to connect it with 
the former, and this our English version follows. But the other 
connection is that of Irenaeus, Clem. Alex., Theophilus, Ptolemy, 
Heracleon, and Theodotus, in the second century ; Tertullian, 
Hippolytus, Novatian, and Origen, in the third; and subse- 
quently Alexander of Alexandria, Eusebius, Athanasius, Mar- 
cellus, Eunomius, Victorinus, Lactantius, Hilary, Ambrose, both 
Gregories, both Cyrils, Augustine, and other Latin writers. This 
is sufficient proof that this mode of dividing the sentence was 
common. To this the best ancient MSS. (which have any inter- 

* Thus the stops, marks of parenthesis, etc., form no part of a modern Act of Par- 
liament, and in the roll, as engrossed, none of these distinctions appear. Such phrase- 
ology must be used as will not be ambiguous, for the Legislature enacts no punctu- 
ation. A curious instance of this occurred in the "Reform Bill" of 1832, inwhich 
Lord Brougham had, in Committee, to move an alteration in the order of the words, 
for as they stood the wrong borough would have been disfranchised. 



214 AX ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

punction) adhere, as A C D L (B has not any distinction in the 
whole passage), and also more recent copies, such as 1, 33. And 
although versions are on such points liable to change in course of 
transcription, this mode of distinction is found in some which 
we stiU possess in ancient MSS., such as the Old Latin, excellent 
^ISS. of the Vulgate and the Curetonian Syriac, and also the 
Thebaic. To depart, therefore, from this ancient and widely- 
diffused mode of dividing this sentence, must be regarded as the 
innovation, and adhering to it (in spite of modern editions), must 
not be so deemed * 

Wliile the more minute interpunction must be left to an editor's 
discretion, he ought not, without good cause, so to introduce the 
colon or the period as to change the sense. ^\Tien this is done, it 
requires that a definite and suflicient reason should be given. 
Tlius, in Rom. ix. 5, the common punctuation is fcal ef a)v 6 

* It caunot reasonabl}^ be doubted that the division of these verses, now common, 
was invented to oppose the Macedonians, who affirmed that the Holy Ghost was in- 
cluded in the TrdvTa Sl avTov eyeVero : this was not very dextrously met by joining 

-yeyoi/ei/ to the former sentence to limit TravTa and ovSk eV. 

That any revertence to a demonstrably ancient punctuation will be regarded as " in- 
novation," and will be called a neiv interpunction, must be regarded as certain; since 
readings once spread into almost every region where the New Testament was used, are 
called 7ieio when any critic adopts them on grounds of evidence. The following remarks 
of Mr. Scrivener (Supplement to Authorized Yersiou, Introd. p. 47.), in some respects, 
go too far. "Even were we to grant that no such points were employed by the writers 
of the New Testament themselves, still the sj'stem of punctuation, which long usage 
has established, is not to be disturbed on slight grounds. It has existed from time 
immemorial, and is doubtless the arrangement which those, whose native tongue was 
Gi'eek, judged most suitable to the order of the words, and the exigency of the sense. 
Hence it is that I look with much suspicion on the innovations in punctuation which 
have been proposed by Griesbach, and moi'e recently by Laehmann. Though there 
ai-e cases in which their adoption may possibly be the least of antagonist difficulties 
(e. g. 1 Cor. vi. 4; Ileb. vii. 18, 19 ; x. 2 ; James iv. 5), yet it is a resoui'ce to which we 
should betake ourselves only in the last extremity." To this Mr. Scrivener subjoins, 
approvingly, a sentence from an (anonymous) work of the late IMr. Edgar Taylor. " If 

1 give a man the liberty of punctuating for me, I resign him much of interpretation." 
That, however, depends on whether the author has so written as to express his mean- 
ing, and as to exclude any generally false interpretation, and whether he who punctu- 
ates undei'stands what is before him, and acts honestly. The "long usage" to which 
!Mr. Scrivener appeals cannot rhjlitly apply to any case in which anterior usage is 
notorious, and the "time immemorial" must not be limited to the period which has 
elapsed since the first edition of Erasmus. Let punctuation be always subjected to 
the reason of the case; and though in the greater distinctions change will not often 
be required, and even then it will probably be commended by some aidhorlbj^ yet the 
fact must be freely owned, that never in printed editions or MSS. has the insertion of 
the smaller pauses been on a " system of punctuation which long usage has established." 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 215 

p^|0to-TO9 TO Kara adpKa, 6 cjv iirl TrdvTWV 6eo<i €v\ojr)to<s et9 701)9 
alwvas. djjurjv. This is not only the mode in which the passage 
has been taken in modern times, but so it has been connected 
habitually ; and though the pauses in the ancient MSS. do not 
help us, yet the early writers do, for they so quote and explain 
the passage as to connect the last clause with p^pfco-T09. There 
are, indeed, eighteen writers in the first four centuries who are 
proofs of this, and (in spite of the very erroneous statement of 
Wetstein) there are none who can be cited in opposition. The 
versions too unanimously confirm this connection of the words, 
which in them is not a mere question of punctuation ; for let that 
be changed, and then, in a translation, the whole sentence must 
be re-cast. The onus prohandi rests, then, on those who would 
change the commonly-received connection. This has been done 
by some modern editors, who have introduced a full point after 
adpKa. They thus give a different meaning to the whole sen- 
tence, intending apparently to introduce a doxology, " God, who 
is over all, [be] blessed for ever I" But the clause thus left dis- 
joined would be altogether contrary to the principles of Greek 
collocation ; for the order of words in a doxology would have 
been entirely different : evXoyrjTb^; must have introduced the sen- 
tence. This is evident to any one who will compare the doxolo- 
gies with evXoyijTo^ in other parts of the New Testament and the 
LXX.* Thus, whether we look at the passage in the light 
of philology or authority, the division of the sentence at adpKa 
is equally opposed.! In fact, the division was originally suggested 
by some in opposition to the application of 6 wv eVt Trdvrwv Oeo<; 
to the Lord Jesus Christ, and others may have adopted it without 
due consideration. Those who, in spite of Greek idiom, would 
make the concluding words of this passage a doxology, are by no 
means agreed where to place the stop. The passage is pointed as 
given above by some modern editors ; the late Professor De Wette, 

* And this Socinus himself admitted. See J, J. Gurney's " Biblical Notes and Dis- 
sertations on the Doctrine of the Deity of Christ," p. 445. This passage is examined 
in that work with great ability, pp. 423—456. 

t If it be said that MSS., such as the Codex Ephraemi (C) have a point after aapKa, 
let it also be observed that that MS. has a similar point after voju-o^eaio, \aTpfCa, and 
eTTtt-yyeXiai, in ver. 4 ; at none of which places we could introduce more than a comma, 
if indeed even that were needed. 



216 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

however, translated tliiis — "unci aus welclien CKristus stammet 
nacli dem Fleisclie, der Uber alle ist. Gott sei gepriesen in Ewig- 
keit ! Amen." 

But a new punctuation is here not only needless but inadmis- 
sible : the only connection of the words which will bear the test of 
criticism is that commonly received : the chmax of what the 
Apostle has to say of the privileges conferred on Israel — " of 
whom, as concerning the flesh, Christ came, who is over all 
GOD blessed for ever. Amen." 

The mode in which Tertullian, Chrysostom, and Theodoret, 
explain the passage 1 Cor. xv. 29, has appeared to some as if it 
could not be easily connected with the actual words of the text. 
They understood virlp tcov veKpwv somewhat in this way ; per- 
sons baptized receive a rite symbolical of deaths but not of death 
only, but also of RESURRECTION ; if the dead did not rise, this, 
then^ would be virep rcov veKpcav rovreaTL rcov a-co/idrcov, and what 
meaning would there be in baptism so received or administered ?* 
For then the believer would be " planted in the likeness of Christ's 
death," without the acknowledged hope of resurrection. In this 
exposition they could not have so connected the words irrrep rcov 
v€Kpcov with the preceding ^aTm^ofMevoL as is done by our common 
punctuation. (As to this, the ancient MSS. afford us no help in 
the passage). The following would apparently be the division of 
the sentence according to this exposition : iirel tl Troirjaovcnv ol 
fiaTTTL^o/jLevoL ; virep twv veicpoiv, el o\co<; veKpol ovk iyelpovraL' 
Tt /cat /SaTTTL^ovrat vTrep avrcbv ; f " Else what shall the baptized 
do ; [It is] for the dead, if the dead rise not at all ; why then are 
they BAPTIZED for them?" In baptism there is the retrospect 
of the believer having died (judicially) in Christ our surety, and 
having risen in him, as partaker of spiritual life from him as so 
raised ; and as baptism thus declarcth how death, as the damna- 
tory sentence deserved by us, has fallen upon our holy and perfect 
surety, so are we pointed on to the assured hope of our resurrec- 
tion, and our receiving, in body as well as in spirit, the blessing 

* If there were no resurrection, then baptism would be for the dead, el Be veKpov ca-n 

TO fful/xa, Koi OVK ai'iaraTai. ri 6>)7roT£ (col Panri^eTai ; Theodoi'ct. 

t auTwi', instead ol rwt' ve/cptoi/ of the common text, is tlie ancient reading. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 217 

secured to us tlirougli Clirist's precious blood. If the dead rise 
not, baptism would be vain ; for, as tlie Apostle bad said just 
before, tliey wbo are fallen asleep in Christ would have perished. 
If punctuation, according to the mode in which this passage was 
understood by early writers, be adopted, then the expression 
"baptized for the dead" may be safely excluded from our theo- 
logical vocabulary, as not being a thing mentioned in Scripture ; 
except as a thing which could not exist, unless the Christian doc- 
trine of the resurrection of our mortal bodies be first set aside. 
Baptism for the dead, in that sense, might be the confession that 
our sins have merited death, God's denounced penalty ; but with- 
out the knowledge that the redemption of Christ has thus met 
death, and that his resurrection declares the value of his propi- 
tiatory sacrifice to every believing sinner. 

The proper placing of parenthesis marks has much to do with 
the intelligibility of a sentence ; for it is thus that words which 
are connected with what has gone before, but which, as to loca- 
tion, wait till the end of the sentence, can have their construction 
made plain to the reader's eye. Thus, in 1 Pet. iii. 21, our English 
version rightly marks a clause as parenthetic ; o koX r)fjLd<; avri- 
TVTTOV, vvv aa)^€L /SdiTTLafia, (ov (7apKo<^ aTrodeai^^ pvirov oKXa 
(jvveiZrj(Te(i)<^ a<ya6rj<^ iTrrjpcoTTjfia 6t<? Oeov), hC avacrTda€Q)<i ^Irjcrov 
XpLCTTov. " The like figure whereunto even baptism doth also 
now save us (not the putting away of the filth of the flesh, but 
the answer of a good conscience towards God), by the resurrection 
of Jesus Christ." In this case, however difficult we may find it 
to read such a passage aloud in English, rightly connecting the 
words (a difficulty which, in Greek, is mostly, if not entirely, 
obviated by the construction of the language, as aco^€L may wait 
for Bt dvaa-rdo-eo)^), yet the parenthesis marks help the e2/e, and 
the true construction is seen. 

An instance of a similar parenthesis is found, I consider, in 
2 Pet. i. 19, which I should mark thus : top 'Trpo<f)r)TLKov \6yov, S 
KaXw<; iroLelre TTpoae')(ovTe<i^ (co? \v)(y<p ^alvovri iv av')QjLr]pa> totto), 
eco? ov rj/xepa Biavydar] Kal (f)a)(T(f>6po<; dvareiXr}^, iv rat? Kaphlat^ 
vjuLcov. " The prophetic word, whereunto ye do well to take heed, 
(as unto a light shining in a dark place, until the day have dawned, 



218 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

and the morning-star arisen), in your hearts." What the meaning 
of the latter words may be, according to the common punctuation, 
I do not see ; for the day does not dawn in the heart of one 
idready quickened by God's Spirit to believe in Christ, nor does 
the morning-star arise there; but the Prophetic Word is to instruct 
us, not till something is wrought in us, or some spiritual light re- 
ceived by us, but until the shining of the day of God, the coming 
of Him who has said, "I am the bright and morning star." No 
objection can rightly be raised as to this connection being forced ; for 
what is more frequent than the occurrence of dependent words which 
relate to a more distant verb or participle, and not to the nearer ? 

In Rom. viii, 20, I would introduce a similar kind of paren- 
thesis, with a construction of the same sort : rfj yap /jLaracorrjTL rj 
KTLcn<; VTrerdyrj {ou'^ i/covcra aWa Bta rov VTrord^apra) eir ikTrlSc, 
oTi KoX avTT) 7) KTLcrc^ i\€v66pco67]a€TaL, kt\. " For the creation was 
subjected to vanity (not willingly, but in consequence of him who 
hath subjected it) in expectancy, because the creation itself also 
shall be delivered," etc., so as to connect iir eXTr/St with vTrerdyr}, 
and not with virord^avra* 

At the beginning of Kom. ix. is a passage in which many have 
found a difficulty, which would, I believe, be obviated, if part of 
the words were read as parenthetic, thus : ^AXijOeiav Xeyco iv 
')(^pi(TT(p, ov -yfrevSo/iiai, (rvfJi/JLapTVpovar)<; /jlol T'fj<; avveiBijaeco'^ fiov eV 

* Thus, too, the words are connected by Mr. Alford in his Greek Testament, but 
without the introduction of the parenthesis by which this would be indicated. He 
says in his note, " en' eXniSi must not be joined Avith vnord^avTa, because then the eATris be- 
comes the hope of the vnord^a^, — but with VTrerdyij, being the hope of the virorayela-a." 

]\rr. Alford, in his Greek Testament, has shown himself in a great measure an ad- 
lierent of the principle of recun-ing to the ancient authorities. This, in his first vol., 
he did avowedly as a kind of provisional measure ; in his second vol. (Acts to 2 Cor. 
inclusive) he has discarded the notion of a pi'ovisionul text, and has introduced what 
he considers to be the best readings. Eut in doing this he often departs widely from 
the ancient authorities, and exercises a great deal of choice. In his digest of various 
readings (wliicli occupy the part of tlie page between the text and the notes), he 
continually endeavours to account for the variations found in MSS., especially when 
he does not follow those best attested by ancient evidence : but this habitual pragma- 
tism really belongs to the realms of pure conjecture ; for we might just as well discuss 
philosophically the mistakes made through inadvertence by modern compositors, as 
trace the mental phajnomena of a large portion of those made by their predecessors, 
the ancient copyists: some we can classify and explain, as having to do with common 
causes of error, but there are many about which nothing further can be defined beyond 
elating the fact. And it is utterly unsafe to use a pragmatic argument in opposition 
i<) absolute e\ idcncc. 



OF THE GREElv NEW TESTAMENT. 219 

irvevfjuarv ayicp^ on Xvttt] /jlol iariv [JLeyaXrj kol aZiaXeLTTTo^ oBvvrj 
TJ] KapBla fjLoi,, (r}v')(piJb7}v jap avdOefia elvao avrb^i iycb airo tov 
')(^pi(TTOv)^ virep Tcov aSek^MV /jlov tcov avyyevcov JjLov Kara crdpKa' 
in this manner joining virep rcov dS. fiov^ with Xvirrj . . . koX dhudX. 
oBvvT) Tjj K. /JLOV instead of with. dvdOefia. " I have great heavi- 
ness and continual sorrow in my heart (for I myself did wish to be 
anathema from Christ), for my brethren, my kinsmen according 
to the flesh." Paul felt full sympathy for his own nation still 
remaining in unbelief, for he had once been in their condition, 
thinking in himself that he ought to do many things contrary to 
the name of Jesus of Nazareth, and doing them : the desire of his 
heart had then run in full opposition to Him whom he now knew 
as the Christ, so that his wish had been to stand in no other rela- 
tion to that person, than in one which he now knew to be ana- 
thema. The preceding chapter has ended with the most absolute 
statement of the impossibility of his being separated from Christ 
his Saviour. " I am persuaded that neither death, nor life, nor 
angels, nor principalities, nor things present, nor things to come, 
nor powers, nor height, nor depth, nor any other creature, shall 
be able to separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ 
Jesus our Lord." How, after this strong and full assertion, can 
we imagine the Apostle, immediately in the most solemn manner, 
calling on Christ and the Holy Ghost as witnesses to a loish on his 
part to be anathema from Christ for his brethren? This is incom- 
prehensible to me ; nor can I suppose that the New Testament 
can on its own principles sanction such an idea, even hypotheti- 
cally, as that any could be the substitute for others, except Christ 
himself He who knows the love of Christ in his heart cannot 
indulge in such an awful thought ; and what could be said to the 
Holy Ghost being the witness with the Apostle's conscience (if he 
had admitted such a sentiment), and this being left by the Spirit 
on record for our instruction? 

When once the position has been definitively taken, that the 
ancient evidence is that which we must especially regard, other 
considerations affecting various readings must have their place, in 
order to judge between the ancient authorities, when they differ 
among themselves. 



220 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

If tlie diflference is found in so few MSS. as to bear but a small 
proportion both as to authority and number, and if it is not sup- 
ported by witnesses of tlie other classes (versions and citations), 
then it may be looked on as an accidental variation, and one which 
does not materially disturb the united evidence of the other wit- 
nesses. 

But, where there is real conflict of evidence, — a real and 
decided variation amongst the older documents, then, in forming 
a judgment, the common causes of various readings, and the kind 
of errors to wliich copyists were liable, must be considered ; and 
thus a decided judgment may often be formed. 

As copyists were always more addicted to amplification than 
the contrary, as a general rule it must be said, that less evidence is 
sufficient (other things being equal) in favour of an omission than 
of an insertion ; especially if the insertion is one wdiich might 
naturally be suggested. Thus, in Mark vi. 36, some authorities 
read, Xva a'iTe\66vT€<^ eU tov<; kvkKw a<ypov<; Kal K(o/u,a^ ayopdao)- 
aiv kavTol^ t[ (jidyaxjcv^ while others have .... dyopdcrcocrcv eau- 
T0t9 apTOV^i, TL yap (pdycoacv ovk ej^^ovcr lv '. in this and 
similar cases of conflicting evidence, the rule approved by Person 
holds good, PrcEferatur brevior lectio. 

Some of the amplifications might be called common additions^ 
such, for instance, as aurw or avrol^ after Xeyeu or elirev, ^l7]aov<^ 
before or after XpL(TT6<;, 6 'Ir]crov<; at the beginning of a narrative 
in the Gospels, where the nominative was thus supplied in read- 
ing; so, too, at the beginning of an ecclesiastical lesson; and in 
such portions, when taken from the Epistles, dSeXcpol was in like 
manner introduced. 

One cause of amplification seems to have been the pure mistake 
of repeatiny letters : thus, after avroh, there is in some copies the 
addition 6 'Ir}(TOv<; in Matt. iv. 19; viii. 26, 32; xvi. 15; xix. 8; 
xxii. 20, 43; xxvi. 38, etc., which might indeed have been a mere 
common addition, but which seems more probably to have arisen 
from the three last letters of AYTOIC having been repeated, — 
AYTOicoic, and then the added QIC having been read (since it 
would make good sense in the passages) as Ol(i the contraction for 
o 'Ir]aov<;, found in the MSS. in general. 

One of the most habitual kinds of amplification arose from 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 221 

inserting in one Gospel that wliicK belongs to tlie parallel place in 
another ; by this means, a sort of harmonising verbal agreement 
was produced : this was long ago noticed by Jerome ; and pro- 
bably, just as often, similar sentences in the same Gospel were 
brought into exact verbal identity. Another mode of amplifica- 
tion was that of adding to a citation from the Old Testament ; a 
copyist, perhaps, in these cases, having noted in the margin how a 
passage was read in the other Gospels, or what the connection 
was of the Old Testament citation ; and this marginal annotation 
would then become a sort of authority to the next copyist to insert 
the whole in the text. It is thus that in all ancient works, mar- 
ginal scholia have been intruded into the text : happily, with regard 
to the New Testament, we can, by means of our existing monu- 
ments, go back to a period far earlier than classical MSS. lead us, 
and the various channels of transmission of the sacred text are so 
many different checks, on the ordinary classes of transcriptural 
error. 

Omissions by copyists sometimes appear to have occurred from 
one source which might be called systematic; these are those 
which have taken place hi ofioioreXevTov ; that is, where the eye 
of the scribe was deceived from two clauses ending with the same 
word or syllable ; and thus all that was intermediate was passed 
by. Sometimes, but more rarely, an omission of a similar kind 
took place from two sentences beginning alike. Of course, omis- 
sions took place in different circumstances from the mere fact that 
transcribers were not infallible; — these and many other variations 
of MSS. and versions cannot be explained on any pragmatical 
principles. 

In cases of conflict of ancient evidence, Bengel's rule — 

Proclivi scriptioni prsestat ardua, 

is of wide application : there are difficult readings which deserve 
the name, from the terms and expressions used, and also those 
which present some kind of involved construction, such as a copy- 
ist would be likely to modify or alter ; to the same head may be 
referred readings which exhibit some grammatical peculiarity,* 

* Some of tliese peculiarities have been noticed above (page 209). Amongst others 
may be reckoned the peculiarity of a double augment in verbs compounded with two 
prepositions, such as anoKaBiaTqixi. From this verb, a.-i:€Kari<na.er\ is found in many MSS. 



222 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

wliich, altliougli retained by the ancient Alexandrian cop3dsts, 
would offend every Byzantine Aristarclius, and all tlie successors 
of that class of critics — men often of real and extensive learning, 
but who look at every object from one point of view — that of 
present intelligibility. 

In judging of conflicting evidence, it has often been laid down 
that we should adhere to that reading from which the others would 
be likely to spring : the rule is good, but the application is often 
very difficult; still, however, it should be borne in mind, and used 
when it really can. 

The confusion of vowels has often been brought forward as a 
source of various readings ; but as the oldest MSS. have no such 
confusion beyond those of et and t, and at and e, the supposed 
interchange must not go beyond these limits : any that have to do 
with o) and o, for instance, can have no place : such variations are 
intentional in such MSS. 

At times, readings have been introduced from the ascetic spirit 
which prevailed at the period when the MSS. were written. Thus, 
in the common text, in 1 Cor. vii. 5, rfj vrjo-rela koX has been 
introduced before rfj irpoaevxv, and vrjo-revcov fcal stands similarly 
after tj/jltjv in Acts x. 30. The better authorities know nothing of 
these additions. Such, too, seems to have been the origin of other 
peculiar readings : in Rom. xii. 13, the text has rat? ^pe/at? tmv 
ar/Lcov KocvcovovvT€<; : now, when aytoi were no longer familiarly 
considered to be Christ's believing people on earth, but something 
far more exalted, it is no cause for surprise that ')(^peiaL^ should 
have been changed into jjuveiai^;, an idea utterly foreign to the sub- 



in Matt. xii. 13, and other places. This is not the case merely in the most ancient 
copies, but also in very many others. But though it did not offend even the critics 
of Constantinople and Mount Athos, it surprises modern scholars that any should 
adopt such a form, even on competent authority. Thus Mr. Scrivener ("Supple- 
ment," page 21), speaking of Scholz, says, "Few^ other critics would have introduced 
into the text the anomalous form 6.treKa.Te(Tra.6y) (Matt. xii. 13), and that, too, chiefly on 
Alexandrine authority." To this might be answered, that even if the evidence for 
this form and for the common aTro/caTeo-Ta^Tj had been equal, Ihe former would deserve 
the preference, because of its being apparently anomalous, and not, therefore, a copy- 
ist's attempt at improvement. Mr. Scrivener subjoins in a note, " ai/T«7rapeTaf aro how- 
ever is found in several MSS. of Chrysostom, Ilom. in Matthscum, II., p. 20, where 
Bee Mr. Field's note. I recollect no other examples of such a form." Among other 
similar instances may be mentioned (carfSin'TTja-a, Dem. 542. 1 (cited in Liddell and 
Scot t under Jtairaoj). 



I 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 223 

ject on wKich tlie apostle is writing : tke passage tlien seemed to 
be an exhortation to communicate at the memorials of the saints, 
(fiveia, memoria, being used to express the days set apart to com- 
memorate the dead), and thus it would accord with the corrupt 
customs which Jerome describes in writing against Vigilantius, 
when the communion was celebrated at the graves of martyrs, etc. 
From a similar spirit, probably, arose the addition found in a MS. 
which, in Kom. xiv. 17 ("the kingdom of God is not meat and 
drink, but righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost") 
after StKaioavvr], adds kol acrKrjcn^, using the word apparently in 
the sense to which it had become appropriated. 

It would be, however, an entire mistake to suppose that there 
was any evidence of doctrinal corruption of the sacred records 
having taken place, unless in an occasional manner, as in the 
above instances : but, in those and in all similar cases, the wide 
diffusion of MSS. and versions were safeguards against the recep- 
tion of such readings; and our ancient authorities, as a class, take 
us back to a time anterior to the introduction of any such changes. 

"When a passage has been discussed, and reasons have been 
assigned for the adoption of a particular reading, it is always well 
to consider the reasons, even though they may not be satisfactory 
in carrying conviction on the subject. Such reasons commonly 
bring to light what can be said against the best-attested reading. 
Thus, in Luke viii. 17, ou ^dp ianv KpvTrrov o ov cpavepbv fyevrj- 
aeraL, ovBe diroKpy^ov o ov puTj jvcocrdfj Kal et? (pavepbv eXdrj, for 
ov fir) jv(oa-6f), the reading of B L, 33, the common text has ov 
r^vtoadrjo-eTat. On this Mr. Green observes — " Luke viii. 17, ou 
^dp i<jTi . . . aTTOKpvcfyov o ov yvcoaOrjaeraL Kal eh (pavepov e\6y, 
is remarkable ; because, though o ov yvwaOrjcreTai is correct, o ovk 
eXOrj is a solecism : but e\6r] appears to be used as if ov fir] had 
preceded. The reading o ov fir) ryvayaOfj has evidently arisen from 
a critical correction, to render eX% consistent."* On the other 
hand it may be said, that the common reading may as probably 
(or more so) be borrowed from Matt. x. 26, where the same words 
occur, ovSev ydp iariv K€Ka\vfifi6vov o ovk d'JT0KaXv(^6r)aeTai, Kal 

* Treatise on the Grammar of the New Testament Dialect, by the Eer. T. S. Green, 
M. A., page 128. 



224 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

KovTTTov, o ov <yvcjda6rjcreTai* Alteration from parallel pas- 
sages was far more habitual, than change on real or supposed 
grammatical grounds. 

Matt. i. 25. eo)? ov ereKev tov vlov uvTr]<; rov irpwroroKov. Here, 
for the words tov ulov avTrj<; tov irpcoTOTOKov, only vlbv is found in 
B Z, 1, 33, with the Old Latin, Curetonian Syriac, Memph., Theb. 
(some of the versions retaining aur?}?). Now, this omission (or 
non-insertion) has been by some attributed to design^ on the part 
of those who wished to exclude the idea of the ]\Iother of our 
Lord having had other children besides him. Hence they have 
not abstained from charging the authorities which do not contain 
the words, with arbitrary alteration. But in Luke ii. 7 the words 
stand, kclI ereKev tov vlbv auT7]<; tov TrpcoTOTOKov, and thus the 
alteration in Matthew (if alteration there had been) would be 
incomplete, for TrpcoTOTOKov in Luke would be equally a difficulty. 
The known propensity to insert in one Gospel what is found in 
another, would make the probability very great in opposition to 
the genuineness of the words in Matthew ; and this probability, 
which would turn the scale if the evidence had been equal, is 
confirmed by the best witnesses: there are, in fact, no testimonies 
which can be brought forward such as would at all counterbalance 
B Z. The versions show,'^too, how general this reading was in 
both the East and the West. Had the omission of irpcoTOTOKov in 
Matt. i. originated from the dogmatic ground of upholding the 
" perpetual virginity of Mary," we might have expected to have 
found the shorter reading in the later MSS. and versions, and not 
m the earlier : for, before there is in the mind a disposition to 
accommodate a text to a doctrine, the doctrine itself must have 
become pretty generally received. But how does it stand in this 
case? Why, that the longer reading with irpcoTOTOKov is all but 
universal, from and after the time when it was deemed all but a 
heresy to suppose that Mary had other children besides Jesus. So 
little had dogma to do with the reading found in B Z. Versions 
such as the Curetonian Syriac and the Old Latin, and probably 
also both the Egyptian, are anterior in date to the adoption of 
tliis opinion as an article of faith ; and it is curious to observe that 

* In Luke viii. 17, D reads aAAa 'iva yubio-Oj}, partly confirming B L. aWa Iva seems 
to spring from aXA" IVa els (})avepw iXe-p, in Mark iv. 22. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 225 

while tlie Old Latin is content with filium^ the version of Jerome, 
the strenuous asserter of the dogma that Mary had no other child- 
ren, is, Jilium suum primogenitum. He doubtless followed the MS. 
which he had before him in inserting the words : the older trans- 
lator followed his MS. in omitting them. 

I have rested the more fully on this passage, because so much 
has been said of the dogmatic bias of the copyists and translators, 
who did not insert the words found in the common text. It was 
thus important to show that this Mas (if it had existed) would 
have affected the later scribes, and not the earlier, and that the 
occurrence of the words in Luke (without any doubtfulness of 
authority) shows that dogmatic design in Matt, is most impro- 
bable, and that the common error of parallel amplification is suf- 
ficient to account for the lengthened later reading. 

The tendency to produce verbal conformity in different passages 
will often, when considered, outweigh the pragmatical grounds 
assigned for not following the more important authorities. Thus, 
in Acts XV. 22, we have rore eho^ev rot? aiTO(7To\oL<^ Kal rot? irpe- 
o-^VTepoL<; crvv oXrj ry i/CKkrjala iK\€^a/jb€vov<; avhpa^ ef avroov 
7r6/jL'\jraLf " Then it pleased the apostles and the elders, with the 
whole church, that, having chosen men from among them, they 
should send," etc. (or, " to choose and send men from among 
them"; not, as in our common version, "to send chosen men"); 
farther on in the same chapter (verse 25) we have, in the letter 
written on the occasion, eho^ev rj/iLV <yevo/jLivoL<; 6/jLo9v/iaBov i/cXe- 
^a/jLevoi<; avhpa^ TrifiyjraL, " It seemed good to us assembled with 
one accord to choose men and send them," according to the read- 
ing of A B G, etc. The common text has here e/cXefa/^ez/of? just 
as in verse 22, with C D E H, etc. ; but this reading can be so 
simply attributed to the harmonising tendency of copyists, that 
here the varying reading stands on a higher ground on that consi- 
deration, as well as possessing the support of at least equal evi- 
dence. Mr. Alford says of the reading of A B G, " Grammatical 
correction" ; but as in fact the sentence with the common reading 
would have required no grammatical correction, and as the harmo- 
nising of copyists explains the difference of MSS., the varying 
reading should be preferred. The sense is not affected ; but there 
is just this importance in the reading of A B G in verse 25, that, 



226 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

had it been before our translators, they could not have given the 
rendering ^''chosen men"; for this would require them to join 
together dative and accusative ; and this would have hindered 
them from supposing that, in verse 22, the participle should be 
taken in a passive sense (as if eKke'xdevTa<^) agreeing with avhpa^, 
instead of seeing that it governed it, and translating accordingly. 

The passages to which attention has been directed, will serve as 
examples of the application of principles as to evidence : it is 
impossible for critics or editors to state continually in detail the 
arguments connected with the e\idence ; the proofs must be stated 
fully, and the results given : the mental links in the chain of argu- 
ment must be understood from the general subject being rightly 
apprehended. In this, the student who comprehends what princi- 
ples have to be applied, will find no real difficulty, while to one 
who does not understand such principles, it would be fruitless to 
remark constantly the same things. If authorities and their value 
are known, few difficulties will be raised as to their application in 
particular instances. 



§ 15. NOTES ON SOME PASSAGES OF DOGMATIC 
IMPORTANCE. 

Amongst the passages to the reading of which discussion has 
been directed on theological grounds, the more prominent are 
1 John V. 7; 1 Tim. iii. 16; and Acts xx. 28. 

To enter into a formal discussion of the genuineness of the " testimony of 
the heavenly witnesses," 1 John v. 7, is really superfluous ; for it would only be 
doing over again what has been done so repeatedly that there cannot be two 
opinions in the minds of those who now know the evidence and are capable of 
appreciating its force. The passage stands thus (the words not known by 
the ancient authorities being enclosed within brackets) : Ver. 7, on rpcis 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 227 

ficriv ol fiaprupovvTes [eV tm ovpavm, 6 TraTrjp 6 \6yos Koi to ayiov 7rvevp.a' kol 
ovTOi ol rpels ep elcriu. (ver. 8) koL rpels elalv ol fiaprvpovvres eV r^ yfj'\ to nvevpa 
KOL TO vdcop KoX TO ol/jLa, ktX. I only add, that if the marked words be con- 
sidered genuine, then any addition of any kind, found in any MS. (however 
recent), and supported by the later copies of any one version in opposition to 
the more ancient, possesses as good a claim to be received and used as a por- 
tion of Holy Scripture. 

In 1 Tim. iii. 16, there are three readings, debs icfjavepadrj iv crapKi, as in 
the common text ; bs ecpav. kt\. and 6 icfiav. ktX. Now, to state the evidence 
for these readings respectively, it is necessary (as I had occasion long ago to 
point out), to divide the authorities at first into those which support the sub- 
stantive 6e6s, and those which have in its stead a relative pronoun : what rela- 
tive is the better supported by evidence is for after consideration. 

In favour of the substantive. 6e6s is supported by the uncial MSS. J K 
(also D from a third corrector), and the cursive MSS. in general.* But it 
is upheld by no version whatever, prior to the Arabic of the Polyglot and the 
Sclavonic, both of which are more recent than the seventh century, and possess 
no value as critical witnesses. Some of the Greek fathers, who, as edited, have 
been cited as authorities for the reading 6e6s, ought to be omitted from the 
list ; because it is certain, from other parts of their writings, that they did 
read 6? in this passage, or because more exact collations of the MSS. of their 
works show that debs is an unauthorised addition ; so that in this case copyists 
have amplified by introducing this reading ; just as in the former case they 
substituted it, as being that to which they were accustomed, for oy, which was 
then become peculiar, f 

The fathers, then, who support Bebs are, DIdymus, Dionysius of Alexandria, 
and Theodoret, the two former possibly, the latter not improbably ; and in 
more recent times John Damascenus, Theophylact, and (Ecumenius. Cyril 
Alex, and Chrysostom do not belong to this list. 

In favour of a relative, os is the reading of A C* F G, 17, and two other 
cursive MSS. 6 is the reading of D*. It has, indeed, been said, that the 
true reading of A C F G is doubtful ; and, indeed, some have cited them all for 
Oeos ; and it has been asserted also that G originally read o. 

Both A and C have suffered correction in this word ; A in modern times, 

* In one cursive MS., Cod. Leicest., I observed that the reading is 6 0eds. 

t Thus Cj'ril Alex, really read 6?, though in his printed works ^eb? also occurs ; the 
very context would prove that this latter reading had no place in Cyril's sentence. 
Several MSS. contain a scholion to the purport that 6s was the Cyrillian reading, even 
though the MSS. themselves contain the common text 0eos (o kv dyi'ots KvpiAAos • . • 

^)j<rtv,"02 e<j)avepu>6ri) . 

Chrysostom has been cited in favour of 0e6s ; but I have had occasion to point out 
that though the word so stands in the editions, yet the citation of the same passage of 
Chrysostom in the Catena on 1 Tim., published by Cramer (p. 31), shows plainly that 

€ts eVepov avdyet, to npayfia' on. e^avepaiOr) ev trapKl, haS been transformed intO els erepov 
avayei, to irpayfia, \4yo>v debs e^avepdiOrj ev aapKi, 



I 



228 AN ACCOUNT OP THE PRINTED TEXT 

and C at a remote period. Such a change was effected by altering OC into 
ec by introducing two little strokes, and then there was the contraction com- 
monly found for deos. The ink in which this has been done in A is suffi- 
ciently modern and black to declare its recent application, but it has been said 
that the trace of an original transverse line may be seen besides the modern 
black dot in the middle, decisive that the first letter is not O but 9. Wetstein 
attributed this stroke, which in some lights is visible at one side of the O, to a 
part of the transverse line of the letter 6 on the back of the leaf. He says 
that it was only visible when he held it in such a position that he could see 
some light through the leaf. This was denied by Woide, who said (trusting 
to the eyes of others rather than his own) that the 6 was so placed that no 
part of it could be seen directly opposite to the O. Now I can state positively 
that Wetstein was right and Woide was wrong : for I have repeatedly looked 
at the place, sometimes alone, sometimes with others ; sometimes with the un- 
assisted eye, sometimes with the aid of a powerful lens : and as to the position 
of these two letters, by holding the leaf up to the light, it is seen that the 6 
does slightly intersect the O, so that part of the transverse line may be seen on 
one side of that letter. 

As to the reading of the palimpsest C, before the writing had been chyrai- 
cally restored, it was shown by Griesbach and others that the line denoting the 
contraction was not like the writing of the original copyist ; and since the 
ancient letters have been revivified, it is abundantly manifest that both this 
stroke and the transverse line (previously invisible) forming the 9 are additions 
of a later corrector : Tischendorf states this explicitly in the Prolegomena to 
his edition of the text of this MS. ; and I can abundantly confirm, from my 
own repeated inspection of the passage, and from comparing these strokes with 
the other corrections, that this is the fact. 

With regard to F and G it is a mistake,* that either or both of them read 
©C ; they read oy, and G has no correction in the place, as if it had ever read 
o. It must be remembered that F and G are both of them copies of some one 
more ancient MS., and thus they are but one witness. 

The versions which support a relative, are 1 the Old Latin, 2 the Vulgate, 
3 Peshito and 4 Harclean Syriac, 5 Memphitic, 6 Thebaic, 7 Gothic, 8 ArmC" 
nian, 9 ^thiopic : that is, all the versions older than the seventh century. 
(Also a MS. Arabic version in the Vatican.) This united testimony that 
6e6s did not belong to the passages in the days when those versions were 
made, is peculiarly strong; and when it is remembered that no version of simi- 
lar antiquity can be brought forward to counterbalance these witnesses of 
every region of Christendom, the preponderance of testimony is overwhelming. 

It may now be stated that some of these versions cannot show whether they 
support OS or o, from the want of genders in the relative ; while others (such 
as the Vulgate), which mark the neuter, have given, not improbably, what 
was considered to be consiructio ad sensum, by taking fivarrjpiov as a personal 

* See above p. 1C5, note. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 229 

designation for the antecedent. The two Syriac versions (the Harclean as to 
the text at least), the Armenian and the JEthiopic, are wholly doubtful as to 
this point : the Old Latin and the Vulg. have the neut. quod : the Gothic has 
the masc. relative, and so too the Memph. and Theb. ; but, in the case of these 
two latter versions, it is said that the word by which fiva-r^piov is translated is 
also masc, and so the masc. relative in itself proves nothing. 

Theodorus of Mopsuestia, Cyril Alex., Epiphanius, read os, while the Latin 
fathers in general (e. g. Hilary, Augustine, etc.) have quod. The silence of 
the fathers as to this passage in the fourth century, when, if they had known 
the reading Beos, it would have maintained an important part in arguments^ 
must not be forgotten, for such silence expresses much. 

In addition to the evidence of MSS., versions, and early citations, there is a 
narrative which relates to this passage. According to this narrative, Mace- 
donius, Patriarch of Constantinople, was deprived by the Emperor Anastasius, 
anno 506, for having corrupted the Scriptures (called in the account " evan- 
gelia," as a general term), especially in this passage, by changing one letter so as 
to make OC into ec. 

"Hoc tempore Macedonius Constantinopolitanus episcopus ab imperatore 
Anastatio dicitur expulsus, tamquam evangelia falsasset, et maxime illud apos- 
toli dictum, qui apparuit in came^ justijicatus est in Spiritu. Hunc enim im- 
mutasse, ubi habet 02, id est, qui, monosyllabum Grascum ; litera mutata O in 
vertisse, et fecisse 02, id est, ut esset, Deus apparuit per carnem. Tamquam 
Nestorianus ergo culpatus expellitur per Severum Monachum." 

Such is the testimony of Liberatus Diaconus,* rather less than fifty years 
after the event took place. It has, indeed, been thought that the reading 6eos 
could not have been introduced by one who was imbued with Nestorianism ; 
for it has been said that this reading would contradict the distinction which 
that form of doctrine made between the natures of Christ, as though they were 

* Breviarium, cap. xix. I take the citation from Bentley (Dyce's edition, iij. 366), 
who adds, "The editions of Liberatus, instead of © and ©2, have fi and nS; but it 
appears fromBaronius, that the manuscript had no Greek letters here at all, and that 
they were supplied by the first editor. I have not scrupled, therefore, to correct the 
place, as the Latin clearly requires : for DEUS answers to ©E02, and the Greek 
monosyllable 02 is in opposition to that dissyllable. And so Hincmarus in his Opus- 
culum, chap, xviij., where he cites the same story (without doubt out of Liberatus), 
has it plainly, as I have put it, Oin® vertit et fecit ©2." It is important to remember 
this fact out of Baronius, that the MS. of Liberatus had no Greek letters ; for it has 
been eited again and again, as if it had been said that Macedonius changed os into ws, 
and this has even been put in opposition to the testimony of Hincmar. " The first 
editor," whoever he may have been, had probably some notion how a short O might 
be interchanged with a long one, and hence the mistake ; — one which might have been 
avoided, if he had noticed the Latin qui and Deus ; but probably he did not understand 
that ©2 would be the common contraction for 0e6i. 

The same transaction regarding Macedonius and the corruption of Scripture is 
referred to in the Chronicon of Victor. " Messalla V. C. Coss. Constantinopoli, 
jubente Anastasio imperatore, sancta evangelia tamquam ab idiotis evangelistis com- 
posita, reprehenduntur et emendantur." 



230 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

not joined in unity of person. But it must be remembered that Cyril was 
the orthodox authority then with the strong anti-Nestorian party, and he read 
OS ecpavepoidt] : also the reading Oebs decidedly favoured the conception then 
formed of the doctrine of Nestorius ; as if it had taught that God was mani- 
fest in or by the flesh of him who was born of Mary, whereas the reading os 
strongly asserts unity of person. 

This narration shows that in the early part of the sixth century the readings 
OS and 6ebs were both known ; even if it be doubted whether this was the 
origin (as it may have been) of the latter. If it did so spring up,* and if it 
was thus propagated, the versions made previously are witnesses against the 
addition : " cum multarum gentium Unguis scriptura ante translata doceat 
falsa esse quae addita sunt," says Jerome {ad Damasum) of similar cases. 

It is thus seen that for reading a relative pronoun in this place, there are the 
MSS. A C D F G, 17, and two others, nine ancient versions, and some fathers 
certainly. 

For reading the substantive ^eos, there are J K (two of the later uncial 
MSS.), and the cursive copies in general ; no version prior to the seventh cen- 
tury ; and of the fathers of the earlier centuries there are only some doubt- 
fully. 

Codex B does not contain this epistle. 

Thus the evidence in favour of a relative preponderates greatly ; for it is not 
to be supposed that the independent more ancient versions could agree fortui- 
tously in ignoring the substantive God^ if they had it in their copies ; and if 
none of them had it, then the Greek copies must have agreed in reading a 
relative. 

The advocates for 6eos^ as being the reading supported by the numerical 
array of copies, are accustomed to divide the evidence into three heads, 1 ^eor, 
2 OS, 3 o : and then, by giving the ancient versions in general to o, they seem 
to make 6s rest on weak grounds : but upon such a question the testimony of 
versions must not be separated thus minutely ; for the primary question between 
the substantive and the relative must first be settled, just as in all preliminary 
inquiries, cognate readings must be taken as presenting united evidence, when 
contrasted with something wholly opposite. 

A relative is then by far the best attested reading. The next inquiry is, 
v:hat relative, 6s or o. This must be decided by Greek authorities, for most 
of the versions are doubtful. 6s then has in its favour A C F G, 17, and two 
others, with Cyril and other Greek fathers, while 6 is only supported by D a 
prima manu. Thus 6s is by far the best supported reading. 

It is also the reading from which the others might most easily have sprung 
from supposed correction ; while the change from 6 or O^os into 6s would in 
such a sentence be most unlikely. And further, 6s is the more difficult read- 
ing; for the inquiry immediately arises as to the structure and translation of 

* If so, the occurrence of ^fo? in an)' earlier citations must be occasioned by copyists 
or editors assimilating, pro more, the Biblical citations to the text which they were 
accustomed to read. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 231 

the sentence : Does 6s go back to deov ^covtos for an antecedent ? or are we to 
take ixva-Trjpiov os for a constructio ad sensum ? or is the antecedent under- 
stood, that being the nominative to the verb of the next clause ibiKaLadr], " he 
who was manifested in the flesh, was justified," etc. ? I do not think that either 
of these solutions is precisely the true one ; os appears to me to relate to the 
person indicated, with something of the same kind of indejinite emphasis (if I 
may use the term) as is found in the mode in which avros occurs in 1 John, 
*' Confessedly great is the mystery of godliness : He who was manifested in 
flesh, (he who) was justified in spirit, (he who) was seen by angels, (he who) 
was preached among Gentiles, (he who) was believed on in the world, (he who) 
was received up in glory." 

The passage thus sets before us the whole dignity of Christ's person ; and it 
has been well asked, If He were not essentially superhuman, how could the 
Apostle have emphatically declared that he was manifested in flesh f 

I now pass on to Acts xx. 28, noifiaiueiv ttjv iKKKrjaiav . . . .^v nepieTroirjoraTO 
8ia Tov alixaros tov 18lov. 

After eKKXrjaiav there are three readings which are entitled to be considered 
as to their claims to fill up the place which I have left blank. 

1 . Trjv €KK\.r)(T!.ap tov 6eov, the Church of God. 

2. Trjv eKKXrja-iav tov Kvpiov, the Church of the Lord. 

3. Trju eKKkrjo-iav tov Kvplov kol 6eov, the Church of the Lord and God. 
There are also three readings which have to be mentioned simply with the 

evidence for them ; none of which has a claim requiring much attention : (i.) 
T. eKK. TOV Kvpiov 6iov in one or two later MSS., and the Arabic of the Poly- 
glot, a version of no critical importance ; (ii.) r. ckk. tov Biov koI Kvpiov, in 
one cursive copy ; (iii.) r. €kk. tov ;(pto-rou as found in the Peshito Syriac (and 
of course in the Erpenian Arabic made from it) ; Origen so reads once ; and 
this lection is found in three copies of Athanasius, and in Theodoret twice. It has 
no MS. authority, and it might easily have sprung from the connection, in which 
the Church is mentioned as being his who redeemed it with his own blood. 

To revert, then, to the readings with regard to which there is some amount 
of evidence. 

1. Tov deov. This is found in B, and about twenty cursive copies :* and in 
the following versions (1) the Vulg. in the most ancient MSS., as well as in 
the common Clementine (but not, however, in the Complutensian edition). 

* As doubt haa been cast on the reading of B, I state explicitly that this is the 
reading of that MS. The late Mr. Edgar Taylor procured a tracing of rather more 
than three lines in this passage from the custode of the Vatican library : and it ap- 
peared in the editorial Monitum prefixed to the second London reprint of Griesbach's 
Greek Testament (1818). But it was soon suggested that though the MS. noto reads 
©Y, it might formerly have had ky : I therefore, when at Eome, directed my attention 
particularly to that point, and I can state positively that the © stands without any 
erasure, or trace of there having been originally a K, This was Contrary to what I 
had expected ; for I had quite anticipated that I should have found that it had at first 
the same reading as A C. 



232 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

(2) the Harclean Syriac (text.), and a Syriac lectionary in the Vatican of the 
eleventh century. Epiphanius and some later Greek writers have this reading, 
as also have Ambrose and other Latins. Athanasius in some MSS. has this 
reading, and Chrysostom has been cited for it ; however, he certainly himself 
has Kvpiov, and the reading 6eov has been taken from the Homilies on the Acts 
which bear his name ; but even there the reading is doubtful.* Cyril of 
Alexandria reads dcov twice^ in a treatise on the name deoroKos, as applied to 
the Virgin Mary, edited by Cardinal Mai (Scriptorum Collectio Vaticana, viij. 
part 2, pp. 125, 126). It is necessary to notice this explicitly, because it has 
been remarked that this reading is 7iot found in Cyril, and the supposed silence 
of this anti-Nestorian writer has been made the basis of argument. The 
genuineness of this treatise is supported by its being cited in the Emperor 
Justinian's epistle to the Alexandrian monks (p. 306), edited by Mai in vol. vii. 
of the same collection. This treatise is likewise thoroughly Cyrillian in tone 
and style, f 

2. Tov Kvplov is the reading of A C D E, 13 (with thirteen other cursive 
MSS.), of (1) the Old Latin, as found in D and E, (2) the Memphitic, (3) 
the Thebaic, (4) the Armenian, and (5) the margin of the later Syriac. 
Irengeus (or his contemporary Latin interpreter), Eusebius, the Apostolic 
Constitutions, Didymus, Ammonius, Athanasius in one MS., Chrysostom (on 
Eph. iv. 12), and at a later date Theophylact (three times), have this reading; 
as also, among the Latins, Lucifer, Jerome, Augustine, and others. 

3. Tov Kvpiov Koi 6eov : this is the common reading of MSS., being found in 
G H, (also C a tertia manu) and in more than a hundred cursive copies, also 
in six lectionaries. As to versions, it is found in the Sclavonic alone,| which 
is of the ninth century, and has no voice in criticism. Theophylact has this 

* In expressing my opinion that the Homilies on the Acts are not really Chrysos- 
tom's, I shall not be accused of rashness by those who understand the real state of 
the question : a statement which I once made that I thought they were not reaUy his, 
was met by such remarks as if this was some new opinion of my own, previously 
maintained by no one. In reading those HomiHes, I felt often astonished at their 
contents and style being so un-ChrysostomliTce ; and this was when I had for some 
weeks read hardly anything except his works, so that my perceptions were fully alive as 
to such points. On examination I found that, from Erasmus onwards, scholars had 
doubted or denied that this work is genuine. This was no small confirmation of my 
previously formed judgment. 

t Some of the other worVs published by Mai in the same place as Cyril's, are cer- 
tainly not his (in one of these, p. 56, KvpLov is cited in this passage) ; they contain abun- 
dant proof that they were subsequent to the Eutychian controversy ; and not only do 
tliey combat heresy of later date than Cyril's time, but they express sentiments by no 
means Cyrillian. 

X It is instructive to see how repeatedly, when the mass of modem MSS. oppose the 
ancient, they are supported by no versions except those later than the seventh century. 
In speaking of the Sclavonic as belonging to the ninth century, I do not discuss whe- 
ther or not the other books were translated about the same time as the Gospels. We 
know when this version was began, but as to its completion we have no evidence : the 
oldest existing MS. of the whole Sclavonic Bible is of a.d, 1499, (Davidson's Biblical 
Criticism, ii. p. 238.) 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 233 

reading once, so that when he has tov Kvplov simply, he may probably abbre- 
viate the reading to which he was accustomed. This reading is found in the 
Complutensian edition, and as it is that supported by numbers, it would of 
course have been defended by many if it had been in the common text. The 
Latin in the Complutensian differs from other copies of the Vulgate in having 
" diii (i. e. Domini) et dei." 

In this conspectus of authorities, the JEthiopic version has not been cited for 
any of the readings : it is doubtful whether the Roman text of this version 
should be quoted for 6eov or Kvpiov, and the edition of Mr. Piatt has xpio"Tov. 
All that can be said is, that, like the Peshito Syriac, it opposes the compound 
reading rov Kvplov Ka\ Qeov. 

The whole question must lie between tov Kvplov and rov 6eov ; for the read- 
ing that combines both fails as to ancient MS. authority (showing plainly that 
the mass of copies must not be valued on the ground of numbers), as to ver- 
sions, and as to early citations : if this had not been sufficient, it might be 
added that it is the longer reading, and as such would require preponderating 
evidence before it could be received. 

Tov Beov has good witnesses in B (the other MSS. are unimportant) and the 
Vulgate ; but rov Kvpiov has preponderating testimony; for B alone could not 
on such a point outweigh A C D E ; and as to versions and fathers, rov Kvpiov 
stands on stronger ground ; and therefore it should be accepted, even while all 
that can be said in favour of rov deov is fully admitted. Either of these read- 
ings might easily have sprung from the other, as the change is but one letter 
(KY and GY) ; and, while deov might claim the preference as being, in connection 
with "blood," the more difficult reading, 17 eKKXrja-ia tov Kvplov is a reading found 
nowhere else in the New Testament ; so that a copyist would naturally alter it 
to €KK. Toi) deov, as is found 1 Cor. i. 2 ; x. 32 ; xi. 22 ; xv. 9 ; 2 Cor. i. 1 ; Gal. 
i. 13 ; 1 Tim. iii. 5, 15. This whole passage may also be compared with 1 Pet. 
v. 2, iToifxdvaTe to ev vjxiv noifiviov tov deov enio-KOTrovvTes, which might 
aid in suggesting tov 6eov in Acts xx. 28, irpoaexeTe . . . . roJ Trotfxvia, ev a 
Vfias TO nva to ayiov eOcTO eTrto-KOTTOV? Troifialvetv ttjv eKKKija-iav tov Kvpiov. 
Thus the introduction of 6eov, instead of Kvpiov would be natural^ though the 
contrary would not be so ; and even if the evidence for ckk. tov Kvpiov had not 
been so strong, it would have been confirmed by its peculiarity, and by the 
immense probability of the familiar phrase being substituted for it. 

But although this passage with the reading Kvplov gives no direct testimony 
to the Godhead of the Lord Jesus Christ, it is of very great doctrinal value ; 
for it brings out in full view the true sacrificial character of his death on the 
cross : " Feed the Church of the Lord, which He hath purchased with his own 
bloody Thus, even if the dignity of his person were not here stated, the 
preciousness of his blood is emphatically declared, as being that which was 
adequate to meet the infinite holiness of God and His wrath against sin, and to 
secure the Church unto Christ as His own, as that which He has thus appro- 
priated at so costly a price. If this work of propitiation is rightly considered, 
and its value as thus declared as applied in result, how much does it show that 



234 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

the dignity of this Redeemer exceeds that of a mere man. His blood was so 
unspeakably precious that it was capable of outweighing, even before God, the 
sins of all his people ; and this it is that shows how exalted must be the per- 
son of whom such things could be spoken. If this passage, as rightly read, 
does not declare our Lord's Godhead, it still states, in clearest words, his re- 
demption and Lordship. 

Many have shrunk from the results of criticism because of these three pas- 
sages : they were accustomed to them as setting forth theological verities ; 
and they have desired to cling to them ; although they might have known 
that in argument they are worthless, because opposers are full well aware 
how groundless or uncertain are those readings of these passages which some 
have called ortliodox. The consequence unhappily has been, that the most 
essential and fundamental truths of Christian doctrine have been supposed 
by some to rest on uncertain grounds. Now, the same criticism which 
shows that particular readings are not genuine, proves incontestably that 
others are unquestionable ; and thus no point of orthodox truth is weakened, 
even though supports, which some have thought sustained it, are found to 
differ from such supposed use and bearing. There are undoubted passages 
enough (such as Matt. i. 23 ; John i. 1 ; xx. 28 ; Rom. ix. 5 ; Phil. ii. 6 ; 
Heb. i. 8) which speak of the proper Godhead of Christ, without our wishing 
to press into the same cause others for which we have no sufficient evidence, 
and which were not required to establish that necessary truth in the early 
controversies. 

Criticism, however, need not be at all feared ; if it takes away on the one 
hand readings which were thought to have some dogmatic value, it will give 
on the other quite as much. Listances of this will be seen in two passages, 
John i. 18, and 1 Pet. iii. 15. 

John i. 18, 6ebv ot/Set? ecopaKcv rroiTTOTe' 6 [xouoyevfjs vlbs 6 (hv els rbv koXttov 
Tov TTarpos, eKeluos €^r]yrjaaTO. 

Here, instead of ^.ovoyevrjs v toy of the common text, great authorities sup- 
port ixovoyevrjs deos. This is the reading of BC*L, 33. (As to B, this 
reading is given in Bartolocci's MS. collation at Paris, and I myself saw it in 
the MS. at Rome ; in C it was chymically brought to light.) This is sup- 
ported by the following versions, the Peshito Syriac and the marg. of the 
Harclean ; the Memphitic {sic) and the iEthiopic : and as to fathers, the 
reading may almost be called general, for it is that of Clement of Alexandria, 
Irenaeus, Origen, Eusebius, Epiphanius, Lucian, Basil, Gregory of Nazian- 
zum, Gregory of Nussa, Didymus, Basil of Seleucia, Isidore of Pelusium, 
Cyril of Alexandria, Titus of Bostra; as also of Theodotus (in the second 
century), Arius, Marcellus, Eunomius, etc. ; and amongst the Latins, Hilary, 
Fulgentius, Gaudentius, Ferrandus, Phoebadius, Vigilius, Alcuin, etc. The 
reading of the common text, vios, is found in A and the MSS. in general : of 
these A alone belongs to the most ancient class ; D is here defective. It is 
that of the Old Latin, of the Vulgate, the Curetonian Syriac, the text of 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 235 

the Harclean Syriac, and the Jerusalem Syriac Lectionary, and the Arme- 
nian. It is found twice in Origen, in Eusebius, Basil, and Irenaeus (though 
all these writers have also the other reading, and in general they so speak of 
Bebi in the passage, that vlos must have proceeded from the copyists) : — the 
Latin writers in general agree with the Latin versions in reading ^Zm*. 

In forming a judgment between these two readings, it must be remembered 
that fiovoyevfis would naturally suggest vlos as the word which should follow 
it, whereas 6e6s strikes the ear as something peculiar, and not elsewhere 
occurring in Scripture; the change, being but of one letter (YC for GC), might 
be most inadvertently made ; and though the evidence of the Latin versions 
and the Curetonian Syriac is not of small weight, yet the same chance of 
change would, in a case of this kind, affect the copyists of a version (or indeed 
the translators) just as much as the transcribers of Greek MSS. Qeos, as the 
more difficult reading, is entitled to especial attention ; and, confirmed as it is by 
MSS. of the highest character, by good versions, and by the general consent of 
early Greek vvrriters (even when, like Arius, they were opposed to the dogma 
taught), it is necessary, on grounds of combined evidence, to receive it in pre- 
ference to the easier and more natural reading vlos. No critical edition hitherto 
published has given debs in the text ; it is placed, however, in Lachmann's inner 
margin, as a reading between which and that in the text the evidence stands 
in doubt : he gave it that place on the combined testimony of Origen and 
Irenseus, but he did not know (for then it was not ascertained) that this read- 
ing is that of B and C, two of the principal witnesses that he admitted.* 

1 Pet. iii. 15, Kvpiov 8e tov Oeov dyida-are^ so the common text ; but instead 
of 6e6v the reading xpf-^^Tov is supported by most preponderating evidence; 
for it is the reading of A B C, 13, and some other cursive MSS. ; of the 
Vulg. the Peshito and Harclean Syr., the Memph. Theb. Arm. (the .^thiopic 
has neither word) ; it is also cited by Clement and others : the reading dsbv is 
supported by the evidence of no MS. older than G and J (at Moscow) of the 
ninth century, and it is found in no version older than the Arabic in the Poly- 
glot. Thus the reading xri-o'top may be relied on confidently. This occurs in a 
citation by the Apostle from Isa. viii. 12, 13. In the Prophet the words are, 
"Neither fear ye their fear nor be afraid ; sanctify the Lord of hosts himself." 
The citation of the Apostle exactly agrees with this, except in the concluding 
words, in which, in the corrected text, we have KvpLov Se rov xpi-(^t6v dyida-aTe, 
" Sanctify the Lord Christ" : this shows that the expression l^i^ ni^^ny Tm) 
" Jehovah of hosts Himself" in the prophet, finds its New Testament expo- 
sition as an equivalent in Kvpiov rov xpi'(J'Tdv, " the Lord Christ," thus marking 
the divine glory of our Lord in the most emphatic manner. And this is in 
thorough accordance with the Apostle's train of thought ; for the following 

* When Lachmann really knew from me the MS. authority in favour of de6?, he at 
once admitted the claim of that word to stand in the text instead of vl6?. Indeed, his 
principal witness for giving the preference to the latter word was B, which had been 
supposed to read thus. 



236 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

words of the prophet, in which he says that Jehovah of Hosts should become 
*' a stone of stumbling and rock of offence," had been previously applied by 
him (eh. ii. 7, 8) to the Lord Jesus. The LXX., which so often has in- 
fluenced cop^asts to bring passages in the New Testament into verbal confor- 
mity with it, has not caused the introduction of the word deov ; for the passage 
there runs tov Se (po^op alrov ov fxrj (Po^rjdrjre ovde firj Tapa)(BriTf' Kvpiov avrbv 
ayidaare. In this citation the Apostle shows how independent the New Tes- 
tament writers can be of the LXX. when needful ; indeed, in some part of the 
passage the LXX. so reads as utterly to contradict both the Hebrew text and 
the New Testament use of the facts previously revealed. To the LXX. trans- 
lators it was incomprehensible that the Lord could become a stone of stum- 
bling and rock of offence to Israel; and thus, in ver. 14, a negative is intro- 
duced, Koi ovx a)S y^idov npoaKOjXfxaTL (Tvvavrqa-ccrde, ovde as Trerpas Trrdifxari. 
On such points, and all that relate to the Godhead of Christ, and in doctrinal 
statements, the LXX. is continually at variance with both the New Testament 
and the Hebrew text. 



§ 16.— NOTES ON JOHN VII. 53— VIII. 11 ; JOHN V. 
3, 4^ AND MAEK XVI. 9—20. 

In tlie application of criticism to some of tlie longer passages 
which are found in some copies, but omitted in others, it is neces- 
sary to state the evidence fully and distinctly, so as to obviate, 
if practicable, all possible misconception as to its value and bear- 
ing. A few such passages will now be considered ; in doing 
wliich, it is only needful to premise that the principle of following 
the evidence which Divine Providence has caused to be transmit- 
ted to us, must in these cases, as well as in all that are similar, be 
strictly maintained. 

St. John vii. 53 — viii. 11, is a passage which has held its place 
in the text by a very doubtful tenure, as is familiar to all who are 
acquainted with the simplest facts relative to biblical criticism ; 
and even in the copies which contain these twelve verses there are 
peculiarities of a singular kind. 

This narrative is found in some form or other in tlie following 
authorities: D F G II IC U, and more tlian 300 cursive copies, 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 237 

Without any note of doubt or distinction, as also in a few lection- 
aries. In E it is marked with asterisks in the margin; so, too, in 
sixteen cursive copies (two of which thus note only from viii. 3). 
In M there is an asterisk at vii. 53, and at viii. 3. In S, it is 
noted with obeli, and so, too, in more than forty cursive codices. 
This narrative is placed at the end of the Gospel, by itself, in ten 
cursive copies ;* four others similarly place viii. 3 — 1 1 . Four MS S. 
(of which Cod. Leicestrensis, 69, is one) place this passage at the 
end of Luke xxi., and one copy has it after John vii. 36. 

As to versions^ it is found (i.) in Cod. Colbertinus and some 
others of the Old Latin (Cod. Veronensis is here defective); (ii.) 
the Vulgate, (iii.) -^thiopic, and (iv.) Jerusalem Syriac Lectionary. 
(As to the other versions, see below.) 

It is mentioned by Jerome as being found in many copies, by 
Ambrose, Augustine, and other writers since the fourth century. 
But, though cited from the time of Augustine and onward, that 
father was well aware that the passage was far from universally 
read in the copies then extant ; and he endeavoured to account for 
the fact by a conjecture : " nonnulli modicas, vel potius inimici 
veras fidei, CREDO, metuentes peccandi impunitatem dari mulieri- 
bus suis, illud, quod de adulterae indulgentia dominus fecit, aufer- 
rent de codicibus suis, quasi permissionem peccandi tribuerit, qui 
dixit, Deinceps noli peccare." (De Adult. Conj., ii. 6, 7.) But 
this supposition of Augustine would not account for the fact of 
the omission of this passage having been so general, as it will be 
shown to be when the testimony of the versions against it is 
stated. 

* One of these is the excellent Basle MS., Cod. 1. On the last leaf this passage is 

added, with this prefatory note : to nepi t^? jw,otxaXi5os Ke<^aXaiov. Iv rS> Kara, iuidvvriv evay- 
yeKita • w? ev rots nkeCoatv (sic) avTiypa<{>oi,i ' fxi] Ktifj-evov ' fit) Se napa tiSv Oemv irpuv • tiSp ep/arj- 
vevaavTiov (jLvqixovevOev • <|)rjju,t, Stj iwavTOv tov x- tfe KvpCWov aAefavSpe/: ovSe /arji/ iitto 6eoSu>: /mwv/^ow- 
e<TT : Koi TtZv A.oi7r| • irapiKei^a kt\ tov tott \ • KeCrai, Se outw? • ju.€t o\iya r^s apx- tov tts ice\ e^^s tow 
ipevvi\aov koX iSe • oTt 7rpo</>^r»js « t^S yaXiAaias • ovk eyetpsTai. This note has been printed 

commonly (as taken from Wetstein) with mistakes such as TrAeio-Toi? for TrXetoo-ii', an 
alteration which has been so rested on in argument as to affect the sense. 

The 86th section (tt?'), to which this note refers, commences at John vii. 45, and 
extends to the end of viii. 18. Now whatever may be the antiquity of this prefatory 
note, it appears to have belonged to a more ancient copy than Cod. 1. For, as it 
quotes vii. 52, ova iyeCperai, it can hardly have originated with this MS., which has in 
the text OVK iyeCyeprai, [*tcj (though commonly quoted for iyeiperat, as given by Wet- 
stein, who must have followed the note at the end, instead of the text itself of the 
MS.). ryctpcTtti is the best-supported reading (B D T A, 33, etc.). 



238 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

This passage is omitted by A B C T (MSS. of the oldest class*), 
by L X A,t by Cod. 33, and more than fifty other cursive copies, 
by more than thirty lectionaries, in some of which, if not all, this 
passage is omitted where it would occur in the middle of a section. 
In connection with MSS. which omit this section, reference must 
be made to those mentioned above, which mark it as doubtful, or 
transfer it to the end of the Gospel, or place it elsewhere ; for all 
these are so far witnesses against its insertion. 

The versions to which this section does not belong are (i.) the 
Old Latin (as found in Cod. Vercellensis, the revised Cod. Brixia- 
nus, and some others), (ii.) the Peshito and (iii.) the Harclean 
Syriac, (iv.) the IMemphitic, in the MSS. of value and authority, 
(v.) the Thebaic, (vi.) the Gothic, (vii.) the Armenian. 

It is true that, in some of the editions of the Peshito Syriac, 
subsequent to that in Walton's Polyglot, this section is found; 
but it does not belong to that version: and so, too, such MSS. of 
the later Syriac as are cited as exhibiting it at all, mention that it 
is an addition. As to the Armenian, six old codices of those used 
by Zohrab omit the whole passage, as also do the MS. lectionaries; 
nineteen MSS. have the section separately, at the end of the 
Gospel, while only Jive (and those the most recent) place it here. 
One proof that it is a later addition, and not an original part of 
this version, is found in the great variety of forms in which it 
exists in those Armenian copies which contain it at all ; some of 
these are quite peculiar, and resemble none of the Greek copies. 
It is thus rejected, as not a genuine part of that version. (For 
this precise statement I am indebted to Mr. Charles Kieu.) 

Though the mere silence of ecclesiastical writers is no proof that 
they were unacquainted with a particular section, yet that silence 
becomes significant when they wrote expressly on the subject to 
which it relates, and when they wrote in such a way as to show 

* A and C are defective in this part of St. John's Gospel ; but it is certain, from 
the exactitude with which the quantity in each page of these MSS. can be calculated, 
that they could not have contained these twelve verses. 

t In L and A there is a blank space left, but not sufficient to contain the passage : 
the copyists seem to have had a notion that something was here inserted in some 
exemplars ; but this was clearly not the case with regard to those from which they 
were transcribing. In A, the first words of viii. 12 were at first written directly 
after vii. 52, and then a line was drawn through the words. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 239 

tliat they could Kardly by possibility liave been acquainted with 
it. So, too, with regard to such ecclesiastical writers as wrote 
Commentaries. 

Thus it may be held for certain, that Tertullian* and Cyprian 
knew nothing of the passage ; while Origen and Chrysostom show 
in their Commentaries, that they were not aware of its existence. 
It has been indeed objected that nothing is proved by Origen's 
silence; because he often passes by portions of St. John's Gospel, 
and he had no occasion to mention this narrative : but, in reading 
his Commentary on this part of the Gospel, it is difficult (if not 
impossible) to imagine that he knew of anything between vii. 52 
and viii. 12 : for he cites and comments on every verse from vii. 40 
to 52, and then at once continues from viii. 12 in the same manner 
(iv. p. 299, ed. De la Rue). The silence of Chrysostom on the 
subject, as well as that of Cyril of Alexandria, and Theodorus of 
Mopsuestia, was long ago noticed. 

The omission of this section by Nonnus, in his metrical Para- 
phrase of this Gospel, is worthy of notice ; for though he does 
pass by parts, yet no narrative portion of certain genuineness, and 
of such length as this, is unnoticed. 

* Granville Penn, in his " Annotations to the Book of the New Covenant," states 
well the argument which may be drawn from TertuUian's silence : he says, "That the 
passage was wholly unknown to Tertullian, at the end of the second century, is mani- 
fest in his book De Pudicifid. The Bishop of Rome had issued an edict, granting 
pardon to the crime of adultery, pn repentance. This new assumption of power 
fired the indignation of Tertullian, who thus apostrophised him : ' Audio [etiam] 
edictum esse propositum, et guidem peremptorium, ^''Pontifex scUicet Maximus [quod 
est] episcopus episcoporum, dicit [edicit] : "Ego et mcecJiicB et fornicationis delicta, 
poenitentid functis dimitto" ' (c. 1). He then breaks out in terms of the highest 
reprobation against that invasion of the divine prerogative ; and (c. 6) thus challenges: 
" Si ostendas de quibus patrociniis exemplorum praeceptorumque ccelestium, soli moe- 
chice, et in ea fornicationi quoque, januam poenitentiae expandas, ad hane jam lineam 
dimicabit nostra congressio.' ' If thou canst show me by what authority of heavenly 
examples or precepts thou openest a door for penitence to adultery alone, and therein 
to fornication, our controversy shall be disputed on that ground^ And he concludes 
with asserting, ' Queecunque auctoritas, qusecunque ratio moecho et fornicatori pacem 
ecclesiasticam reddit, eadem debebit et homicidse et idololatria? poenitentibus subve- 
nire.' — ^'Whatever authority, whatever consideration, restores the peace of the church 
to the adulterer and fornicator, ought to come to the relief of those who repent of 
murder or idolatry^ It is manifest, therefore, that the copies of St. John with which 
Tertullian was acquainted did not contain the ' exemplum cceleste, — the divine exam- 
ple^ devised in the story of the Uooman taJcen in adultery'' " (pp. 267, 268). Was this 
edict that of Callistus, referred to in the recently-discovered Philoaophoumena (of 
Hippolytus), ix. 12, pp. 290, 291 ? 



240 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

It thus appears tliat the oldest MS. authority for this narration 
is D, and that the only important versions in its favour are the 
Vulgate, and such copies of the Old Latin as contain it. The 
Vulgate resolves itself into the testimony of Jerome, who men- 
tions that copies existed of both kinds, — those which contained it 
and those which did not. I have put together the authorities 
which contain this narration^ because, in fact, those in which it is 
found give it in such a variety of phraseology, as exceeds the 
difference commonly understood by the term various readings. 
In D, the oldest MS. which contains it, it is utterly unlike the 
other copies ; and they, too, abound in extraordinary variations. 
This circumstance would weaken the testimony of the authorities 
which contain this narration, even if there had been a less con- 
clusive array of witnesses (all the oldest MSS. except D, most 
versions, and decided testimony of fathers) on the other side. 

In the fourth century, this section seems to have obtained a 
place in some copies (first perhaps in the West, where it was 
first mentioned), but even then it is spoken of doubtfully; it gra- 
dually was received into most MSS., but still with expressions of 
uncertainty, and with notes of its doubtful authenticity; and thus, 
even though it was adopted as a part of the printed text by the 
first editors, yet its genuineness was not believed by Erasmus 
himself: the same opinion was held in that century by Calvin, 
Beza, and other biblical scholars.* If the last three hundred years 
have removed all feeling of question from many, it has not been 
from better grounds of certainty having been discovered, but from 
that kind of traditional inertness of mind, which has rendered 
many unconscious of what have been deemed the most manifest 
facts of criticism. 

We can no more canonise this passage, if it were not genuine 
Scripture from the beginning, than we can the books of the Apo- 
crypha, or any other writings. If the best MSS., versions, and 
fathers, know nothing of such a portion of Holy Scripture, it 
behoves all who value God's word not to adopt, as part of it, what 
is not only unsupported by sufficient evidence, but which is op- 
posed by that which could hardly be surmounted. The ancient 

* See Beza's note on the passage, above, page .34. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 241 

translators in general could not liave agreed, in so many countries, 
to pass by so considerable a portion of tbis Gospel, if they knew 
it, or bad it in tbeir Greek copies. 

I do not rest at all on tbe internal difficulties connected with 
tbis passage, on tbe supposition tbat it is genuine Scripture ; be- 
cause, if it bad been sufficiently attested, tbey would not present 
anything insurmountable. Tbe peculiarities of tbe language are 
indeed remarkable, and very unlike anything else in St. John's 
Gospel ; but to tbis it might be said, tbat tbe copies differ so much 
that it is almost impossible to judge what tbe true phraseology is. 
Perhaps the difficulties in tbe passage have been over-estimated: 
at least we have no reason to conjecture that any omitted it on 
account of such difficulties, any more than we have to think that 
any expunged it on doctrinal grounds, as suggested by Augustine. 

It may be felt by some to be a serious thing to conclude, that 
twelve whole verses which they have been accustomed to read are 
no part of Holy Scripture ; and yet if tbey are only in possession 
of a moderate share of information, tbey must know well that 
they are and have always been regarded as of unproved genuine- 
ness : I would also ask such, if it is not a very serious thing to 
accept, as part of the word of God, what (as tbey have tbe full 
opportunity of knowing) rests on precarious grounds, and is con- 
tradicted by tbe best testimonies? Would it not render all Scrip- 
ture doubtful, and go far to undermine all true thoughts of its 
authority, if all that rests on utterly insufficient evidence, and all 
that is supported by unquestionable testimonies, were placed on 
tbe same ground ? It is impossible to give real and sufficient 
sanction to tbat which is not attested to be a geniiine part of a 
book of Scripture, and thus, while it is in vain to attempt to raise 
it to the place of authority, the only consequence will be to de- 
press tbe true Scripture to the low and unsatisfactory level of such 
unattested additions. 

Though I am fully satisfied that this narration is not a genuine 
part of St. John's Gospel, and though I regard tbe endeavours to 
make tbe evidence appear satisfactory to be such as would involve 
all Holy Scripture in a mist of uncertainty, I see no reason for 
doubting that it contains a true narration. There is nothing 
unworthy of the acting of tbe Lord Jesus detailed in this history. 



242 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

And thus I accept the narrative as true^ although its form and 
phraseology are wholly uncertain, and although I do not believe it 
to be a divine record. No doubt, that there were many narrations 
current in the early church of some of the many unrecorded ac- 
tions of our Lord, and the only wonder is that more have not been 
transmitted to us. This^ from the variety of its forms, seems to 
have been handed down through more than one channel. Perhaps 
some one added it at the end of John's Gospel, as one of the 
*' many things which Jesus did which are not written in this 
book," and others afterwards placed it where it seemed to them to 
belong. 

We learn from Eusebius, that Papias transmitted an account of 
a woman who was accused before our Lord, iKTeOetrat, Be Kal 
oXXtjv laropiav irepl yvvaiKo^^, iirl TroXXat? afxapTLaL<^ BLajBXrjOeL- 
<T7]<; iirl Tou Kvplov fjv to Kad^ 'EjSpaiov^ evayyiXcov '7repie')(€i. 
(H. E., iii. 39). " Papias also put forth another history concern- 
ing a woman accused of many sins before the Lord : and this 
history is contained in the Gospel according to the Hebrews." 
The Hebrew original of St. Matthew's Gospel appears to have 
been the basis of "the Gospel according to the Hebrews"; and it 
seems, from the mode in which Eusebius mentions the narrative 
as Imving proceeded from Papias, that he regarded it as a later 
addition introduced into that Hebrew document. It has been 
much discussed whether this is the same as the narration in John 
vii. 53 — viii. 11. In favour of the identity may be mentioned 
that in D (Cod. Bezas) the sin of the woman is spoken of in a 
general manner, inl dfiapria yuvalKa elXrjfXfjbevrjv, instead of iv 
yuoi'^eia KaT€iX7]fx^ev7]v. And if it had been ch'culated in the 
fomth century in a Hebrew (Syi^o-Chaldaic) dress, the leading 
forms in which it is now found might have originated in different 
Greek translations of the narrative ; or else from the writings of 
Papias in Greek, and from a Greek translation of the Syro-Chal- 
daic form of the narration. From Ruffinus's version of the passage 
in Eusebius, it seems clear that in the age immediately subsequent 
to that historian, it was thought that the narration to which he 
referred, was the same as that which had by this time found its way 
into some copies. Euffinus renders, " Simul et historiam quan- 
dam subjungit de muliere adultera, qua? accusata est a Judaeis apud 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 243 

Dominum." Attention to this, and also to the point of resem- 
blance between the Cod. Bezse and the words of Eusebius, was 
directed by Dr. Eouth; who adds, " Evidenter constat, etiamsi 
suspecta hsec evangelii pericope eadem esse censeatur atque historia 
Papiana, nondum earn codici Novi Testamenti tempore Eusehii 
insertam fuisse" (Eel. Sac, i. 39). The judgment expressed in 
these last words, however contrary to the notions of those who 
prefer modern tradition to ancient evidence, is fully confirmed by 
the most searching investigations. We first hear of this narrative 
in any copies of the New Testament after the middle of the fourth 
century. The statement of Eusebius gives us a probable account 
of its origin, and I believe that we shall not err if we accept this 
as a true history, transmitted not by the inspired apostle St. John, 
but by the early ecclesiastical writer Papias. 

John V. 3, 4 TMV aaOevovvrcov, TV(f)k5)v, %&)Xcov, ^Tjpoov, 

\_eKhe')(p[Jbev(ov rrjv rod vBaTo<; kIv7](tiv]. (verse 4) [aryry€\o<^ yap 
Kara Kaipov Kare^aivev iv rfj KoXv/n^'^Opa kol irdpaaae to vScop' 
6 ovv irpooTOf; ifjL^a'^ fxera ttjv Tapa')(r)v tov uSaro?, vycrj^; iyiveTO, 
ftS hrjirore KaTeiyero voa-rjfjLaTo], 

There exists a great variety of reading in this passage of the 
common text; which, however, can be more conveniently dis- 
cussed by taking in order the two separate parts which are in- 
cluded above within brackets. 

The last clause of verse 3, cKBexofi. r. r. vS. Kivrjaiv, is omitted 
by A* B C* L and a few cursive MSS. ; also by the Curetonian 
Syriac, the MSS. of the Memph., and by the Thebaic version; 
also by Nonnus in his metrical paraphrase. 

This clause is found in most MSS., including D (the only one 
of the most ancient class which contains it), 33, and some of the 
later uncials ; also in the Latin and other versions. 

Ver. 4 is omitted by B C* D, 33, and a few other cursive MSS. ; 
it is marked with asterisks in S and others ; it is omitted in the 
Codices Brixianus and Ehederigianus (/and I) and others of the 
Old Latin; in the Curetonian Syriac, in the Memphitic MSS., the 
Thebaic; while of the Armenian, Mr. Eieu states, '•'•Many leave 
out verse 4. Amongst the few which have it, some mark it with 



244 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

apostropKes." In the Harclean Syriac the former half of the verse 
is marked with an asterisk (ayyeXof; ... to vBcop), and the re- 
mainder is marked with an obelus ; this latter part of the verse is 
omitted in the iEthiopic (except in Mr. Piatt's edition). Augus- 
tine is cited as omitting the verse. 

This verse is found in A L and the other MSS., and in the 
versions not already mentioned. (The Gothic is, hoAvever, de- 
fective in all this part of St. John's Gospel.) Tertullian says, 
*' Piscinam Bethsaidam angelus interveniens commovebat. Obser- 
vabant qui valetudinem quserebantur. Nam si quis prsevenerat 
descendere illuc, queri post lavacrum desinebat." (De Baptismo, 
0. V.) Chrysostom, etc., have the passage. 

The authorities in favour of this verse differ greatly among 
themselves as to the words and their connection : thus, some have 
ar/y. yap, and some ayy. Si; some then add KvpLov, and some 
rod Oeov, Avhile others, with the rec. have neither: Kara /cacpbv 
is inserted elsewhere in some authorities, and in the best copies of 
the Old Latin is altogether omitted: instead of /carefiatvev, some 
copies (including A) have iXovero : the best Old Latin codices 
omit iv rfj KoXvfi^^dpa, and also //-era rrjv rapa')(r]v rod vSaro<;. 
There are also several other minor variations ; and thus the testi- 
mony in favour of the verse is materially lessened; the Old Latin 
in particular had it in a far shorter form. 

The following are the remarks of Bishop Marsh on this verse: 
" As this verse is totally omitted in the Codex Beza; and the 
Codex Vaticanus, which are the two (?) most ancient MSS. now 
extant ; is likewise omitted in the text of the Codex Ephrem, 
(which was somewhat inferior [?] in age to the Codex Bezas), but 
written in the margin as a scholion [by a much more recent 
hand] ; is written in more modern manuscripts in the text itself, 
but marked with an asterisk or an obelus, as suspicious; and in 
manuscripts still more modern, is written without any mark; we 
see the various gradations by which it has acquired its place in our 
present text, and have proof positive that the verse was originally 
nothing more than a marginal scholion, and of course spurious. 
Other passages likewise in the Greek Testament owe their present 
existence in the printed editions to the same cause." (Notes to 
Michaclis, ij. 737, 8.) 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 245 

How mucli does the discovery of tlie Curetonian Syriac, and 
tlie fact that it omits the whole passage, confirm this judgment, 
that we have here a marginal scholion inserted in the text ! 

In fact, the words added in the common text to verse 3 seem to 
have been one scholion^ and verse 4 another ; the former intended 
to explain why the multitude of the sick waited there; the latter 
as an exposition of what the moving of the water, spoken of sub- 
sequently in verse 7, might mean. These scholia belonged at first 
to different MSS. (whether in margin or text); the former only is 
found in D ; only the latter in A ; and the insertion of both in the 
same copy seems to have sprung from the cherished principle of 
transcribers, — to omit nothing that is or seems to be part of the 
text. 

I have spoken of verse 4 as one scholion ; but this, too, may be 
divided into two parts, as is seen in the Harclean Sjnriac ; and 
these are shown by some of the authorities to have had once a 
separate and independent existence : but when the varied forms in 
which this verse had floated, assumed a more defined and concrete 
character, then both members were superadded, though, when 
attached to the preceding scholion, the last member contained a 
repetition. 

Tertullian gives us a plain proof that this process had com- 
menced in his day; although it is wholly uncertain whether these 
scholia, or any one of them, had as yet found its way into the text 
itself. In this and in all similar cases, it is only what might be 
expected if we find the versions in general containing the passage ; 
for the transcribers of the versions had exactly the same tendency 
to make the text full and (as they thought) complete. The thing 
which is worthy of remark is, when we find that existing copies of 
the versions do not contain additions, and this is most oflen the 
case when we possess them in MSS. of extreme antiquity, such as 
that of the Curetonian Syriac. Such MSS. take us back appro- 
ximately to the time when the version was actually made, and 
thus they often give us the text free from later accretions. 

Copyists had no motive for omitting these clauses, if they had 

them before them ; for there was no wish to avoid anything which 

spoke of miraculous interference:* but, on the other hand, scho- 

* I only mention the fact, that some have chosen to accuse critics who do not 



246 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

liasts had strong pragmatical reasons for explaining why tlie mul- 
titude of sick persons lay in the porches, and to what the moving 
of the water in verse 7 referred, and why the impotent man had 
remained there so long. With the text in its shorter form, these 
points are unexplained ; and this is an indication that the longer 
form originated in a pragmatical desire to meet a dijficulty by a 
marginal note or notes, and that then (as usual) all found a place 
in the text of subsequent copyists. B C (with D, 33, mostly), 
copies of the Old Latin, tlie Curetonian Syriac, Memphitic, The- 
baic, and the MSS. of the Armenian, preserve a text to us ante- 
rior to this process of accretion. 

Thus the shorter form is upheld, 1st, by the early evidence ; 
2nd, by proofs of the gradual insertion of two (or three) scholia 
in the text of different copies; 3rd, by marks of doubt still conti- 
nued after the insertions were combined and had become common ; 
as well as, 4th, by the grounds of argument affecting the question 
of omission or addition. 

St. Mark xvi. 9 — 20. The last twelve verses of this Gospel 
have some remarkable phenomena connected with their history ; 
in order fully to discuss their authority, it is needful first to 
establish by evidence of facts certain propositions. 

I. That it is historically known that in the early ages it was 
denied that these verses formed a part of the Gospel written by 
St. Mark. 

II. That it is certain, on grounds of historical transmission, 
that they were from the second century, at least, and onward, 
known as part of this book. 

III. That the early testimony that they were not written by 
St. Mark is confirmed by existing monuments. 

After these propositions have been established, the conclusions 
to be drawn may assume the form of corollaries. 

adopt this passage as genuine, of having done so from their wish to get rid of the 
mention of superaatural agency. I regret that those who have thrown out snch 
insinuations have not first informed themselves of tlie opinions of such critics, 
before they indulged in injurious and improper insinuations against their honesty 
and orthodoxy. But could the opinions of these modern critics, by any process of 
reflex action, affect the ancient MSS. and versions ? I say again, that critics are held 
rcpponsiblc for finding the evidence to be such as it is. Is this equitable ? 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 247 

(I.) The absence of tliis portion from some, many, or most 
copies of St. Mark's Gospel, or tliat it was not written by St. Mark 
himself, is attested by Eusebius, Gregory of Nyssa, Victor of 
Antioch, Severus of Antioch, Jerome ; and by later writers 
(especially Greeks), who, even though they copied from their 
predecessors, were competent to transmit the record of a fact. 

(i.) Eusebius, in the^r^^ of his Qucestiones ad Mariniim, dis- 
cusses 7ra>9 irapa [xev roS MarOalo) " oyfre aa^^drcov^^ (palverat 
eyr)yepfievo<^ 6 acoTrjp, irapa he rm MdpKO) '* Trpay'l'Tfj fjbia rwv aa/S^d- 
TuyvT * He thus commences his solution of the difficulty : tovtov 
Blttt} av eiTj r) XvaL<;' 6 fzev yap to Kecj^dXacov avro rrjv tovto 
(f)d<JKov(Tav TrepcKOTTTjV dOercov, eiiroi av /ultj ev diraaLV avrrjv 
(j>ep€crdai rot? dvTtypd(j)Oi<; rov Kara Mdp/cov evayyekiov, 
ra y ovv aKpu^rj twv avnypdipcov to reXo? Trepiypdcfyet, 
T?7? KaTci Tov MdpKOv laTopia<^ ev toZ<^ \6yoL<^ tov 6(^6evT0^ veavl- 
aicov Tah yvvai^l Kal elprjKOTO^; avTal^^ " fir] (po^elade, ^Irjaovv 
^rjTeiTe tov Na^apr)v6v'^^ Kal tol<; ej^?, oU eTTikiyec, ^^ Kal aKov- 
aacraie^vyov, Kal ovSevl ovSev elirov, icj^o/SovvTo ydp." ev tovto) 
yap cr^eSov ev aTracn Tot9 dvTLypd(f>oc<^ tov KaTa MdpKOv 
evayyeXtov irepuyeypaiTTaL to Te\o<;' tcl he e^? cnTaviw<; ev Tiauv 
dXS! ovK ev iraai (pepo/iieva irepLTTa av etrj, Kal fidXtcrTa eiirep 
eypiev dvTiKoylav Trj twv Xocttcov evayyeXtaTcov /jtapTvpla' TavTa 
jjuev ovv eliTOi av tl^ 'TTapaLTOVfievo<i Kal TrdvTTj dvatpcbv irepLTTov 
ipcoTrj/jLa. (Mai Scriptorum Collectio Yaticana, i. ed. 2, 1831, 
p. 51, 2). Eusebius then goes on to explain the supposed diffi- 
culty, irrespective of the supposed authorship of these verses. This 
testimony, then, is clear, that the greater part of the Greek copies 
had not the twelve verses in question. It is evident that Eusebius 
did not believe that they were written by Mark himself, for he 
says, KaTCb MdpKov fieTa Tr)v dvdaTaaiv ov XeyeTau co<p6ai to?? 
fia6r)Tats-'\ The arrangement of the Eusebian Canons are also an 
argument that he did not own the passage ; for in genuine copies 
of the notation of these sections the numbers do not go beyond 

* Similarly cited p. 74, and also p. 53 (ter.), except tliat there tov o-a^jSarow is the 
reading. 

t Cited from Eusebius in Victor's Commentary on Mark ii. 208, ed. Matthsei, Mos- 
cow, 1775. The quotation is here taken from Matthsei's New Testament, ii. 269, and 
Griesbach's Commentarius Criticus (ii. 200), who adds, "quod scribere non potuisset 
si pericopam dubiam agnovisset." 



248 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

ver. 8, which is marked (7X7' (233). Some copies, carry indeed, 
this notation as far as ver. 14, and some to the end of the chapter; 
but these are unauthorised additions, and contradicted by not only 
good copies wliich contain these sections, both Greek and Latin 
(for instance A, and the Codex Amiatinus), but also by a scholion 
found in a good many MSS. at ver. 8, eo)? wSe Sucre/3to9 eKovo- 
vc(T€v. It has been objected that these sections shoAV nothing as 
to the MSS. extant in Eusebius's time, but only the condition of 
the Harmony of Ammonius, from which the divisions were taken. 
The objection is not without significance ; but it really carries 
back our CAddence from the fourth century to the third ; and 
thus it is seen, that just as Eusebius found these verses absent in 
his day from the best and most numerous copies, so was also the 
case with Ammonius when he formed his Harmony in the pre- 
ceding century. 

(ii.) Gregory of Nyssa says, in his second Homily on the Resur- 
rection,* eV Tot9 aKpLJBeorrepoi^ dvTt,ypd(j)ot<; to KaraMdpKov 
euayyiXiov fji€xp(^ tou " icpo/Sovro ydp,^^ e%et to reXo?. 

(iii.) Victor of Antioch, in his Commentary on Mark, says : — 
iTrecBr} ev tlctl tojv dvTiypd(j)cov nrpoaKeiTaL tS KUTa MdpKOv evcvy- 
7eXtct), " dvaaTCL^i Se Trj ina tov o-a/3/3dTov Trpco'l' e(^dvr}" kt\. SoKel 
8e TOVTO Bi,a<p(ov6LV tS viro tov MaTOalov elprj/jievq), ipovfMV, co? 
BvvaTov rjv elirelVy otl vevoOevTai to irapd MdpKw TekevToiov ev 
TLCTL (jiep6fi€Vov. 7r\r)v Lva fir) Bo^ay/ubev iiTL to eTOL/xov KaTa(f>6vy€LV, 
ovTft)? dvayvcoo-o/jLcda, " dva(TTa<i Se," kol v7roaTL^avT€<i eirdr/ofjiev, 

" IT pan Tj] fiLa tov aa/S/SdTOv,^^ ktX irapa 7r\.€LaT0L<; dvTL- 

ypdcf>0L<; ov/c rjv he TavTa tcl i'7rL(f>ep6/jb6va ev rw KaTa MdpKov 
evar/yeXlw' co? v66a yap evofXLaav avTd TLve<i elvaL. rjixel<; he i^ 
aKpL^oiV dvTLypdcjxoVy &)? ev Tr\eiaTOL<i evpovTe^ avTa, KaTa to 
iToXaLaTLvalov evar/yekLOV MdpKov, &)9 e^eL r) dXrjOeLa^ avvTeOel- 
KUfiev Kal Tr]V ev avTw eTTLcfyepo/jLevrjv heairoTLKrjv dvdaTaaLV fieTo, 
TO, e(f)opovvTo ydp. (jMatthoci Gr. Test. ii. 269.) This remark of 

* This is not the place to discuss the real authorship of these Homilies ; they have 
been commonly attributed to Gregory of Nyssa, and they may probably be vindicated 
as his by a critical editor, when any such will exert his abilities on the works of that 
Cappadocian bishop. As it is we can only read him in editions very inferior to those 
of his contemporaries, his brother Basil and Greg. Nazianzen. If, as some have 
thought, these Homilies really belong to his contemporary, Ilesychms of Jerusalem^ 
the argument based on the citation is not affected, the only difference is the name of 
the witness. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 249 

Victor is worthy of attention ; for liis testimony to tlie absence of 
these twelve verses from some or many copies, stands in contrast 
to his own opinion on the subject. He seems to speak of having 
added the passage in question (to his own copy, perhaps) on the 
authority of a Palestinian exemplar. 

(iv.) Severus of Antioch, in the sixth century, says, eV fiev ovv 
ro'l<; aKpi/Searepoc^ tmv dvTt<ypd(j)cov to Kara MdpKov evayyektov 
l'ie')(pL Tov " €(j)o^ovvTO ydp" e%et to Te\o<;' iv Si nat, rrrpoaKelrat 
Kot ravra, " dvaara<; Be Trpco'l irpoorr} aajS/Sdrcov icj^dvrj ttjOwtov," 
ktX* This testimony may be but a repetition of that already 
cited from Gregory of Nyssa ; but if so, it is, at least, an approving 
quotation. 

It is worthy of remark that both Eusebius and Victor have rfi 
fiLa where our text has nrpcorrj ; this may be an accidental vari- 
ation ; as they do not afterwards give the words precisely as they 
had before quoted them ; or it may show that they spoke of the 
passage, ver. 9 — 20, without having before them a copy which 
contained it, and thus that they unintentionally used Trj fxia as 
the more customary phraseology in the New Testament. 

Dionysius of Alexandria has been brought forward as a witness 
on each side. Scholz refers to his Epistle to Basilides, as though 
he had there stated that some, or many, copies did not contain 
the passage ; and Tischendorf similarly mentions his testimony ; 
while, on the other hand, Dr. Davidson (Introd. i. 165) places 
Dionysius amongst those by whom the passage '* is sanctioned." 
All, however, that I can gather from his Epistle to Basilides 
(Kouth, Eel. Sac. iii, 223 — 32) is, that in discussing the testimony 
of the four evangelists to the time (whether nighty or early in the 
morning) at which our Lord arose from the dead, he takes no 
notice whatever of Mark xvi. 9 ; and this he could hardly fail to 
have done, as bearing more closely on the question, when referring 
to the beginning of the same chapter, if he had acknowledged or 
known the last twelve verses. His testimony, then, quantum 
valeat, is purely negative. 

Jerome's testimony is yet to be adduced. He discusses (Ad 
Hedibiam, Qusest. II. ed. Vallarsi, i. col. 819,) the difficulties 
brought forward as to the time of the resurrection. " Hujus 
* (Montfaucon, Bibliotlieca Coisliniana, p. 74.) 



250 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

quaestionis duplex solutio est ; aut enim non reciplmus Marci 
testimonium, quod in raris fertur Evangeliis^ omnibus GrcBcice 
libris pene hoc capitulum in fine non habentihus^ pro3sertim quum 
diversa atque contraria Evangelistis casteris narrare videatur ; aut 
lioc respondendum, quod uterque verum dixerit," etc. He tlien 
proposes to remove the difficulty by a different punctuation, in 
tlie same manner as Eusebius and Victor did. But an endea- 
vour lias been made to invalidate Jerome's testimony by refer- 
ring to wliat lie says in bis Dialogue against tbe Pelagians, II. 
15. " In quibusdam exemplaribus, et maxime in GrcEcis codicibus 
juxta Mar cum in fine eJ2is Evangelii scribitur : Postea quum accu- 
buissent undecim apparuit eis lesus, et exprobravit incredulitatem 
et duritiam cordis eorum, quia bis qui viderant eum resm'gentem 
non crediderunt. Et illi satisfaciebant dicentes ; Sceculum istud 
iniquitatis et incrediditatis substantia* est, quce non sinit per im- 
mundos spiritus veram Dei apprehendi virtutem : idcirco jam nunc 
revela justitiam tuam. Cui si contradicitis, illud certe renuere 
non audebitis ; Mundus in maligno positus est,'' etc. (Ed. Yallarsi. 
ij. 744, 5.) Hence it lias been inferred tbat Jerome contradicts 
liimself as to tbe Greek copies. But (i.) tliat conclusion does not 
follow, because be may here speak of tliose Greek copies wbich 
did contain tbe verses in question, and not of tbe MSS. in general, 
(ii.) If tliis testimony be supposed to relate to Greek MSS. in 
general, it is at least remarkable tbat we have no otlier trace 
of sucli an addition at ver. 14. (iii-) Jerome wrote against 
tbe Pelagians in extreme old age, and be made in tbat work 
sucli demonstrable errors (e.g. citing II. 2, Ignatius instead of 
Polycarp), tbat it would be a bold step if any were to reject an 
unequivocal testimony to a fact stated in bis earlier writings on 
tbe ground of something contained in this ; especially when, if 
the latter testimony be admitted as conclusive, it would involve 
our accepting a strange addition at ver. 14 (otherwise wholly 
unknown to MSS., versions, and fathers) as a reading then current 
in Greek copies. 

These testimonies sufficiently establish, as an liistorical fact, 

* " Unu3 Vatican, suh satana est, quam ccrte praiferrcm lectionem, si qui haberefc 
pro queey Vallarsi. Quia might be suggested for qucp, or the i-clativc might be con- 
nected with iiicreduUtatls. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 251 

that in the early ages it was denied that these twelve concluding 
verses formed a part of the Gospel of St. Mark. 

(II.) I now pass to the proofs of the second proposition ; — ^that 
it is certain, on grounds of historical transmission, that, from the 
second century at least, this Gospel concluded as it does now in 
our copies. 

This is shown by the citations of early writers who recognise 
the existence of the section in question. These testimonies com- 
mence with Irenseus : * "In fine autem Evangelii ait Marcus, Et 
quidem Dominus lesns, postquam locutus est eis, receptus est in 
ccbIos, et sedet ad dexteram DeV (C. H. iii. 10. 6). This sentence 
of the old Latin translator of Irenseus is thus cited in Greek in 
confirmation of his having used this part of the Gospel : 'O fxev 
ovv Kvpco<i fjuera to XdkrjcraL avTOL<^ avekrj^Oe eh tov ovpavov^ Kau 
i/cdOia-ev iic he^ioiv tov deov. Elp7)vaio^ 6 twv airocJToKwv irXriaiov 
iv TO) 'irpo<; tcl^ alpea6i<; <y' Xoyw tovto dvrjvejKev to prjTov co? 
MdpK(p elprjfiivov.'f 

Whether this part of St. Mark was known to Celsus has been 
disputed. My own opinion is, that that early writer against 
Christianity did, in the passage which Origen discusses (lib. II. 
§§59 and 70), refer to the appearance of Christ to Mary Mag- 
dalen, as found in Mark xvi. 9 ; but that Origen, in answering 
him, did not exactly apprehend the purport of his objection, from 
(probably) not knowing or using that section of this Gospel. This 
would not be the only place in which Origen has misapprehended 

* Clement of Eome, Justin Martyr, and Clement of Alexandria, have been often 
mentioned as sanctioning this passage. So Scholz, following apparently Griesbaeh's 
Greek Test, but without attending to Griesbaeh's correction in his Commentarius Cri- 
tieus (ii. 201), as to the two former of these writers. Hug says (Fosdick's trans, p. 
480 note), " We shall look in vain in Clem. E,omanus for the passage referred to in 
some editions of the N. T. It is in Pseudo-Clement's Constit. Apost. 1, viii, c. 1. I 
find, too, no passage in Justin MartjT, nor in Clement of Alexandria." It is strange 
that Hug, in making this remark, should not have noticed that the whole section in 
the Apost. Const., to which he supplied the reference, is taken from Hippolytus nepl 
xapicriJidTbiv, the very work to which Hug had referred in the place to which this note is 
appended. Those who originally cited Clement and Hippolytus made one authority 
into two. So, too, Ammonius has been quoted on the same side, when it is certain, 
from the Sections which he formed, that he belongs reaUy to the other. 

t Published by Cramer from Cod. Harl. 5647, in the Addenda to the Catena on 
Matt, and Mar. This fragment is not noticed by Stieren in his recent edition of 
Irenseus. 



252 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

the force of remarks of Celsus from difference of reading in the 
copies wliicli they respectively used, or from his not being aware 
of the facts to which Celsus referred.* 

Amongst the works of Hippolytus, enumerated as his on the 
ancient marble monument now in the Vatican, is the book Trepl 
^(apLa-iMdTwv a7ro(TTo\LKr] irapdhocn^, in which this part of St. 
Mark's Gospel is distinctly quoted : (^apostoli loquuntur) co? av 
TereXeicofiivcov y/jucop (^rjolv [6 Kvpio<i\ iracnv afia nrepl tmv i^ 
avTOV Slcl tov Tn^euyLtaro? StSo/juevcov ')(^api,(7/jLdrcov, ^rjfjbeca Be Tot9 
iTiCFrevaaaiv ravra irapaKoXovOrjcrei' iv tm ovo/iaTi /jLov SaL/jLovta 
eK/SaXovcri, ry\(aaaaL<; Kaival<; \a\^(Tov<Tiy, 6(j)€i<; dpovcn, Kav Oavd- 
aiijbov TL TTicoatv ov fir] avrov^; ^d'\^6i' iirl dppcoaTov<; %etpa9 
iiriOrjaovaL^ koX Ka\co<i e^ovcn. Tovrcov tmv '^apLcrpLdroov irpo- 
repov fiev rjfjblv BodevTcov toI<; diroaroXoi'^^ fieXkovac to evayyeXcov 
KarayyeWeiv irda-r] rfj KTicrev eireira Be tol<; Bl rj/xcov TnarevaaaLV 
dvayKaiw^ ')(^op7]yov/uLev(ov. (Ed. Fabr. i. 245. Cotel. Patr. Apost. 
i. 391, ed. 1724).t 

After these testimonies of the second and third centuries, there 
are many who use the passage ; such for instance as Cyril of 
Jerusalem, Ambrose, Augustine, Nestorius, (ap. Cyr. Alex. vi. 
46.) 

Under this head may be mentioned the MSS. and versions in 

* In proof of difference of reading, I refer to Origen against Celsus, vi. 36 ; -where 
Celsus says of our Lord en-el tektco;/ ^v rnv re'xi^v, and Origen denies that he is himself 
80 called in any of the Gospels received by the Church. Celsus seems to have fol- 
lowed Mark vi. 3, as found in the common text, and in the ancient copies A B D ; 
Origen's reading seems to have been 6 toO tcktovos vtbs koL Mapta?, as in Codd. 33, 69, 
the Old Latin, etc. As to facts, Origen tries to render suspicious the remarks of 
Celsus against the Christians as mutilating their ears,— remarks which really/ (as has 
been pointed out) applied to the Carpocratians. See Iren. C. H. i. 25, 6, and Hippol. 
Philos. vii. 32, sub fin. (p. 256.) 

t Tins is not the place to discuss the form and composition of the "Apostolical 
Constitutions," or how far the genuine work of Hippolytus has been interwoven in 
the eighth book. The introductory treatise is certainly, in the main, genuine, even if 
a later writer has so moulded it as to make the apostles speak in the first person. 
Chevalier Bunsen, in his " Hippolytus and his Age," ii. 243, 4, speaks doubtfully of the 
first sentence from which the former part of the above citation is taken. But Hip- 
polytus knew well the writings of Irenseus, in which the latter part of Mark xvi. is 
quoted ; so that the use of that portion is no objection ; and further, this citation is 
almost essential to introduce what follows, the genuineness of whicli Chevalier Bunsen 
maintains (erretra 5e Tocs TTio-Teuo-ao-ii/) . I SCO no occasion for supposing that the com- 
piler made other change in this treatise, except putting it into the first person plural, 
as if the apostles unitedly spoke. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 253 

general (tlie conspectus of their evidence on both sides will be 
given under tbe next proposition) ; and amongst tbe MSS. tbose 
may in particular be specified whicb. continue tbe Ammonian 
Sections on to tbe end of tbe cbapter. Tbis seems to bave been 
done to supply a supposed omission ; and in ancient MSS., such 
as C, it is clear tbat tbe copyist took tbis section for an integral 
part of tbe book. 

Tbe early mention and use of tbis section, and tbe place tbat it 
bolds in tbe ancient versions in general, and in tbe MSS., suffi- 
ciently sbow, on bistorical grounds, tbat it bad a place, and was 
transmitted as a part of tbe second Gospel. 

III. To consider properly tbe third proposition (tbat tbe early 
testimony tbat St. Mark did not write tbese verses is confirmed 
by existing monuments), tbe evidence of tbe MSS. and versions 
must be stated in full. 

Tbe passage is wboUy omitted in Codex B.,* in tbe Latin Codex 
Bobbiensis (A), in old MSS. of tbe Armenian, and in an Arabic 
version in tbe Vatican (Cod. Arab. Vat. 13).t Of tbese versions, 
tbe Codex Bobbiensis adds a different brief conclusion, " Omnia 
autem quaecunque prsecepta erant et qui cum puero [1. cum Petro] 
erant breviter exposuerunt. Postbasc et ipse jbesus adparuit. et 
ab orientem usque, usque in orientem. misit per illos sanctam et 
incorruptam (** add. pr^dicationis, *-nem ?) salutis setern^. Amen." 
And tbe Armenian, in tbe edition of Zobrab, separates tbe con- 
cluding twelve verses from tbe rest of tbe Gospel. Mr. Kieu tbus 
notices tbe Armenian MSS. ; " icfto/SovvTO yap' Some of tbe 
oldest MSS. end bere : many put after tbese words tbe final 
EvayyiXLov Kara MdpKov, and tben give tbe additional verses 
witb a new superscription, evayy. Kara M. Oscan goes on witbout 

* Of course no man who apprehends the facts of the case will be surprised that this 
most ancient MS. should accord in this with the documents whose readings we know 
from the testimony of Eusebius and others. It is marvellous that any could have such 
unintelligent temerity as to write that " this circumstance appears to us sujSicient to 
stamp the character of this highly-lauded codex as unworthy of trust, although the 
most ancient, it is thought, in existence," At this rate, readings and documents are 
only to be valued according to some subjective estimate of unintelligent traditionists. 

t This Yatican MS. version must not be confounded with " the Soman edition of 
the Arabic." This mistake has been made by Mr. Alford, for instance, Glr. Test. i. 299. 
The Homan edition of the Gospels contains the whole passage. 



254 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

any break." The Arabic j\IS. in the Vatican is that described 
by Scholz in his " BibUsch-Kritische Eeise" (pp. 117—126) ; and 
though the Arabic versions are of too recent a date to possess 
much critical vahie, this ]\IS., so far as may be judged from the 
few extracts made, seems to be based on an ancient Greek text. 
Besides the MS. which omits the verses,* they are marked with 
an asterisk in two cursive copies.f 

In L, after icpo^ovvro <ydp, there is added ~~~~<vcvcvcvcvcv 

^^ (f^epere [i.e. -rat] ttov koI ravra^ ~ ~ 

Trdvra Se to. TraprjyyeXfjueva TOL<i irepl rbv Trerpov avvTOfxco'^ ^^VIJ^' 
Xav jjuera he ravra koX avTo<^ 6 ^Irjaov^i diro dvaroXij^; koI axpL 
Bva-e(o<; i^airicTTtXev So avrcov to lepov kol d(f)Oaprov Kijpir/fxa t^? 

alcovLov acorripia^ ~ ~. Thus far L is supported by 

the cursive cod. 274, by the marg. of the Harclean Syriac, and by 
the Latin Codex Bobbiensis (see above). L then continues : 
^'' ecTTrjV [i.e. -tlv] Se koI ravra (pepofieva jjuera rb ^E^ojBovvrai 

ydpr <v CX5 dva(jra<i Se /crX. (and then follow the 

twelve verses). 

In Cod. 1, ver. 8 ends on folio 220 A, and at the top of the 
next page is written in vermillion, eV ricri fiev rcov dvriypdcpcov 
€&)? wSe rrXTjpovrat 6 evayyeXta-rrj^' e&)? ov kol Euae/Sio^; 6 Traficpi- 
\ov eKavovLaev. ev iroWoh 8e Kal ravra ^eperai (and then follow 
ver. 9 — 20). A similar note or a scholion stating the absence of 
the following verses from many^ from most, or from the most 
correct copies (often from Victor or Severus), is found in twenty- 
five other cursive codices ; sometimes with reXo? interposed after 
ver. 8. The absence of Ammonian divisions in A L and other 
good copies after ver. 8 should here be remembered. 

Such is the testimony of existing monuments confirming the 
ancient witnesses against this passage. 

On the other hand, the passage is found in the uncial codd. 

* The MS. at Moscow denoted "g" in the Gospels, by Matthsei, perhaps omitted 
this section : there is a hreaJc at ver. 8, and all after that is at least defective, even if 
the MS. ever possessed it. (See IMattha^i's larger Greek Test. vol. ii. p. 260, and vol. 
X. p. 228.) 

t Probably other MSS. also distinguish these verses with an asterisk besides the 
two which have been specified ; for it is singular that these two MSS. are two con- 
secutive codices in the Vatican Library (756 and 757), examined by Birch. (137 and 
138 of Griesbach's notation). 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT, 255 

A C D, X A, E G II K M S U V (F is defective) ; as weU as 
in 33, 69, and the rest of tKe cursive copies wMcli have been col- 
lated. It is in copies of the Old Latin ; in the Yulg. in the 
Curetonian Syriac, as well as the Peshito and the Harclean (with 
the marginal note given above), and the Jerusalem Syriac ; in 
the Memphitic, Gothic, and ^thiopic ; besides those which have 
been previously mentioned as characterised by some peculiarity. 
The Thebaic is here defective, but it is supposed that a citation in 
that language may be a paraphrase of ver. 20. The Gothic is 
defective in the concluding verses, but enough is extant to show 
that it recognised the passage ; and of the Curetonian Syriac no 
part of this Gospel is found except a fragment containing ver. 17 
to the end of this chapter. 

The Old Latin is here defective in the best copies ; for the 
Codex Vercellensis is imperfect from ch. xv. 15, and Cod. Yero- 
nensis from xiii. 24. Also the Cod. Brixianus is defective from 
xiv. 70. The mode in which Cod. Bobbiensis concludes has been 
noticed already. The Codices Colbertinus, Corbiensis, and others, 
are those which may be quoted as showing that the Old Latin 
contains this section.* 

It has been suggested that this portion of St. Mark was omitted 
by those who found a difficulty in reconciling what it contains 
with the other Evangelists. But so far from there being any 
proof of this, which would have required a far less change, we 
find that the same writers who mention the non-existence of the 
passage in many copies, do themselves show how it may be har- 
monised with what is contained in the other Gospels ; we have no 

* Hug says (Fosdick's translation, p. 480), "The splendid, but much injured, MS. at 
Verona, wants aU after chap. xvi. ver. 7 ; and the neater and less injured MS. at 
Brescia, which contains a mixed text, has met with a stiU greater loss, viz., all of the 
book after xv. 6Q ; but the better preserved MSS. of Vercelli and Corvey are evi- 
dences in favour of the passage in question." This statement is replete with errors ; 
but as the whole section is omitted in the last German edition (posthumous), of 
Hug's Einleitung, I am unable to say whether they belong wholly to him, or in part 
(as is often the case throughout) to the translation. As these errors, however, have 
been copied by others, it is of some consequence to point them out. 

(i.) Cod. Veronensis does not end at xvi. 7, but at xiii. 24. (ii.) Cod. Brixianus does 
not end at xv. 66, but at xiv. 70. (iii.) Cod. VerceUensis can give no evidence in the 
matter, as it is imperfect from xv. 15. A later writer has added to this MS. xvi. 7 — 20 
from the Vulgate, and this probably misled Hug as to this MS. : how the mis-state- 
ments as to the other MSS. arose it is difficult to conjecture. Also Cod. Corbeiensis 
takes its name not from Cormy on the Weser, but from Corbie in Picardy. 



256 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

reason for entertaining the supposition tliat sncli a ]\Iarcion-like 
excision liad been liere adopted. 

In opposing tlie autlienticity of this section, some liave argued 
on the nature of the contents ; — that the appearance of our Lord 
to i\Iary Magdalene firsts is not (it is said) in accordance with 
what we learn elsewhere ; that the supposition of miraculous 
powers to be received (ver. 17, 18) is carried too far ; — that (in 
ver. 16) Baptism is too highly exalted. I mention these objec- 
tions, though I do not think any one of them separately, nor yet 
tlie whole combined^ to be of real weight. There is no historical 
difficulty which would be regarded as of real force, if, on other 
grounds, doubt had not been cast on the passage ; for else we 
might object to many Scripture narrations, because we cannot 
harmonise them, owing to our not being acquainted with all the 
circumstances. As to the doctrinal points specified, it is hard to 
imagine what difficulty is supposed to exist ; I see nothing that 
would involve the feelings and opinions of an age subsequent to 
the apostolic. 

The style of these twelve verses has been relied on as though it 
were an argument that they were not ^vritten by Mark himself 
I am well aware that arguments on style are often very fallacious, 
and that by tJiemselves they prove very little ; but when there 
does exist external evidence, and when internal proofs as to style, 
manner, verbal expression, and connection, are in accordance with 
such independent grounds of forming a judgment, then these 
internal considerations possess very great weight. 

A diffi^rence has been remarked, and truly remarked, between 
the phraseology of this section and the rest of this Gospel. This 
diffijrcnce is in part negative and in part positive. The phrase- 
ology of St. Mark possesses characteristics which do not appear in 
these verses. And besides these negative features, this section 
has its own peculiarities ; amongst which may be specified Trpcorrf 
aa/S/Sdrov (ver. 9), instead of which rfj /jbta tcov aa^fidraiv would 
have been expected : in ver. 10 and 14 sentences are conjoined 
without a copulative, contrary to the common usage in St. ]\Iark. 
e'/cetw? is used four times in a manner different from what is found 
in the rest of the Gospel. The periodic structure of verses 19 and 
20 is such as only occurs once elsewhere in this Gospel (xiv. 38). 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 257 

Many words, expressions, and constructions occur in tliis section, 
and not in any other part of St. Mark : e. g. Tropevo/nat (tlirice), 
Oedofjuai (twice), airlaTeco (twice), erepo^, irapaKoXovOeco, pkcuno}, 
eTraKoXovOico, awepyeco, /Se^acoo), TravTa'Xpv, jjbera ravra, iv to) 
ovofjuari, 6 Kvpto<;, as applied absolutely to Christ (twice).* Now, 
while each of these peculiarities (except the first f) may possess 
singly no weight, yet their cambinction, and that in so short a 
portion, has a force which can rather be felt than stated. And if 
any parallel be attempted, as to these peculiarities, by a comparison 
of other portions of St. Mark, it will be found that many chapters 
must be taken together before we shall find any list of examples as 
numerous or as striking as those which are crowded together here 
in these few verses. 

These considerations must be borne in mind as additional to the 
direct evidence stated before. 

It has been asked, as an argument that the section before us 
was actually written by St. Mark, whether it is credible that he 
could have ended his Gospel with . . . i(f)o,8ovvTo yap. Now, how- 
ever improbable, such a difficulty must not be taken as sufficient, 
per se, to invalidate testimony to a fact as such. We often do not 
know what may have caused the abrupt conclusion of many works. 
The last book of Thucydides has no proper termination at all ; 
and in the Scripture some books conclude with extraordinary 
abruptness : Ezra and Jonah are instances of this. Perhaps w^e do 
not know enough of the circumstances of St. Mark when he wrote 
his Gospel to say whether he did or did not leave it with a com- 
plete termination. And if there is difficulty in supposing that the 
work ever ended abruptly at ver. 8, would this have been transmit- 
ted as a fact by good witnesses, if there had not been real grounds 
for regarding it to be true ? And further, irrespective of recorded 
evidence, we could not doubt that copies in ancient times did so end, 
for B, the oldest that we have, actually does so. Also the copies 
which add the concluding twelve verses as something separate, and 
those (as L) which give another brief termination, show that this 

* Peculiarities in addition to these are given by Dr. Davidson. Introd. i. ]69, 70. 

t The change (as noticed above) of Trpwrp a-a^pdrov into rfj ij.lS. t. o-ajSjS. by Eusebius 
and Victor of Antioch in their citations, may show how unexpected the phraseology 
is which is foxmd in ver. 9. 

18 



258 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT* 

fact is not incredible. Sucli a peculiarity would not have beeii 
invented. 

It has also been urged with great force that the contents of this 
section are such as preclude its having been added at a post-apo- 
stolic period, and that the very difficulties which it contains affi^rd 
a strong presumption that it is an authentic history : the force of 
this argument is such that I do not see how it can be avoided ; 
for even if a writer went out of his way to make difficulties in 
a supplement to St. Mark's Gospel, it is but little likely that his 
contemporaries would have accepted and transmitted such an 
addition, except on grounds of known and certain truth as to the 
facts recorded. If there are points not easy to be reconciled with 
the other Gospels, it is all the less probable that any writer 
should have put forth, and that others should have received, the 
narrative, unless it were really authentic history. As such it is 
confirmed by the real or supposed points of difficulty. 

As, then, the facts of the case, and the early reception and 
transmission of this section, uphold its authenticity, and as it has 
been placed from the second century, at least, at the close of our 
second canonical Gospel ; — and as, likewise, its transmission has 
been accompanied by a continuous testimony that it was not a 
part of the book as originally written by St. Mark ; — and as both 
these points are confirmed by internal considerations — 

The following corollaries flow from the propositions already 
established : — 

I. That the book of Mark himself extends no farther than 
i<f>oPovvTo yap, xvi. 8. 

II. That the remaining twelve verses, by whomsoever written, 
have a full claim to be received as an authentic part of the second 
Gospel, and that the full reception of early testimony on this 
question does not in the least involve their rejection as not being 
a part of Canonical Scripture.* 

It may, indeed, be said that they might have been written by St. 
Mark at a later period; but, even on this supposition, the attested 

* The conclusions at wliich Mr. Alford arrives in the note in his Greek Testament 
arc very similar to tlicse. 



OF THE GEEEK NEW TESTAMENT. 259 

fact tliat the book once ended at ver. 8 would remain tKe same, 
and the assumption that the same Evangelist had added the con- 
clusion would involve new difficulties, instead of removing any. 

There is in some minds a kind of timidity with regard to Holy 
Scripture, as if all our notions of its authority depended on our 
knowing who was the writer of each particular portion; instead 
of simply seeing and owning that it was given forth from God, 
and that it is as much his as were the commandments of the Law 
written by his own finger on the tables of stone. As to many 
books of Scripture, we know not who the writers may have been ; 
and yet this is no reason for questioning their authority in the 
slightest degree. If we try to be certain as to points of which there 
is no proof, we really shall find ourselves to be substituting con- 
jecture in the place of evidence. Thus some of the early Church 
received the Epistle to the Hebrews as Holy Scripture ; who, 
instead of absolutely dogmatising that it was written by St. Paul — a 
point of which they had no proof — were content to say that " God 
only knoweth the real writer": and yet to many in the present 
day, though they have not one whit more evidence on the subject, 
it seems, that to doubt or disbelieve that Epistle to have been 
written by St. Paul himself, and to doubt or disbelieve its cano- 
nical authority, is one and the same thing. But this mode of 
treating Scripture is very different from what ought to be found 
amongst those who own it as the word of God. 

I thus look on this section as an authentic anonymous addi- 
tion to what Mark himself wrote down from the narration of St. 
Peter (as we learn from the testimony of their contemporary, 
John the Presbyter) ; and that it ought as much to be received as 
part of our second Gospel, as the last chapter of Deuteronomy 
(unknown as the writer is) is received as the right and proper 
conclusion of the books of Moses. 

I cannot but believe that many upholders of orthodox and 
evangelical truth practically narrow their field of vision as to 
Scripture by treating it (perhaps unconsciously) as though we had 
to consider the thoughts, mind, and measure of apprehension pos- 
sessed personally by each individual writer through whom the 
Holy Ghost gave it forth. This is a practical hindrance to our 
receiving it, in the full sense, as from God ; that is, as being really 



260 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

inspired: for, if inspired, tlie true and potential author was God, 
and not the individual writer, known or anonymous.* 

We know from John the Presbyter just enough of the origin of 
St. Mark's Gospel to be aware that it sprang from the oral narra- 
tions of the Apostle Peter ; and we have the testimony of that 
long-surviving immediate disciple of Christ when on earth (in 
recording this fact) that Mark erred in nothing. But even with 
this information, if we thought of mere human authorship, how 
many questions might be started : but if we receive inspiration as 
Si fact, then inquiries as to the relation of human authors become 
a matter of secondary importance. It has its value to know that 
Apostles bore testimony to what they had seen of Christ's actions, 
and that they were inspired to write as eye and ear witnesses of 
his deeds and teaching. So it is of importance to know that in 
this Gospel we have the testimony of Peter confirmed by John the 
Presbyter ; but the real essential value of the record for the con- 
tinuous instruction of believers, is that inspiration of the Holy 
Ghost which constitutes certain writings to be Holy Scripture.f 

^ " If one knew a person to have compiled a book out of memoirs, which he received 
from another, of vastly superior knowledge in the subject of it, especially if it were a 
book of great intricacies and difficulties ; it would in no wise follow, that one knew the 
whole meaning of the book, from knowing the whole meaning of the compiler : for the 
original memoirs, i. e. the author of them, might have, and there would be no degree 
of presumption, in many cases, against supposing him to have, some further meaning 
than the compiler saw. To say, tlien, that the Scriptures, and the things contained in 
them, can have no other or further meaning than those persons thought or had, who 
first recited or wrote them, is evidently saying, that those persons were the original, 
proper, and sole authors of those books, i. e. that they are not inspired." Butler's 
Analogy, pt. II. ch. vii. § 3, (Dr. Fitzgerald's edition, p. 267.) 

" On the aUoAvance of a real inspiration, it was God, and not the writer, who was the 
proper author of the Prophecy." Warburton's Divine Legation, book vi. sect. vi. 
(cited by Dr. Fitzgerald.) 

t Kac TovO' 6 TrpeajSvTepo? eA€7e' Map/cos /^ev ep/XT/veimj? Uerpov yevoiMevo?, oVa efimmovevcrev, 
o»cpt|3a>s eypa\}i€U. ov fiiv rot rafei to. vivo toC xpKnov r) Kex^ema r) npaxOduTa- ovre yap T^KOvae toO 
KvpCov ouT€ napriKo\ov6r](Tev avT(^' vcrrepov Se, oj? t4'^ft neVpo), 6s Trpbs ras ;i^peia5 cTroietTO to.? 
Sifiao-KaXca?, dA\' ovx wo'Tep cruVrafii' T(oi> Kvpicuiixii' noiovufvoi Xoywi/, uia-re ovSe;* rifxaprt 
M a p K o ;, ovTws euLa ypdxf/aq d)S ajreixirqfjLovevcTfv. ei'b? yap eTroiijcraTO npoi/oiav, rov fiijSec wi/ 
T^KOvcre TTapakineiv, r] xpeva-aaOat Tt ev avTOt?. (Euscb. H. F. iij. 39). 

We can hardly over-estimate the importance of this testimony of John the Pres- 
byter—a witness who had seen the actions of Christ when He was on earth, and had 
heard his teaching ; and who lived thus to attest the work of one who had not written 
from personal knowledge. Much has been said on the meaning of epMii'eviT;? neVpow, 
but it seems to be here used as indicating that Mark wrote for others the narrations 
which Peter had orally declared. The Presbyter says that Mark wrote ov rd^ei and 
ovx (o<rrrtp crvma^iv twi/ KvpioKiSv Troiov^ei'o? \6yi,}v ; this may mean that he did not compose 
a liistory, but only wrote down the separate narrations given by the Apostle Peter ; or 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 261 

Those wMcli were originally received on good grounds as such, 
and which have been authentically transmitted to us, we may 
confidently and reverently receive, even though we may not 
know by what pen they were recorded. 



CONCLUSION. 



The generation of Edward Lee and Daniel Whitby (see 
pp. 21 and 47), is yet flourishing amongst us. Many still sym- 
pathise with those feelings which aroused against Erasmus, on 
account of his meddling with sacred criticism, the indignation of 
a certain bishop, who wished the secular arm to hinder the bold- 
ness of biblical scholars.* It was then deemed to be imbearable 
that theologians should have to learn from grammarians what the 
word of God actually contains ; noio^ however, both theologians 
and grammarians of certain classes are united in contemning and 
condemning those critical studies which they have never taken the 
pains rightly to understand for themselves. And thus it is that 
those who labour in the collation of MSS., or in seeking to render 
the results of such collation available for others, are misrepre- 
sented, not on the ground of what they have done, but because of 
what some choose to say that they have done or attempted. And 
such sweeping condemnations find their admirers amongst those 
who wish to take what may be called a popular theological stand. 

it maj'- mean that he did not give a digest of our Lord's teacJdng^ as speaking more of 
his actions; or it may include both. If the former explanation be true, then another 
must have arranged the narrations in order, and then the supplement may have been 
added. Be this as it may, the book of Mark was received as authoritative by the 
Apostolic Church, and transmitted, with the narrations in their present order, so that 
the point need occasion no difficulty. 

* See above, p. 25, note. Erasmus, in his "Apologia de In principio erat sermo" 
(Opera ix. Ill, 112), does not give the name of this bishop : but ia a letter to Herman 
Busch, dated July 31, 1520 (Ep. DXIV. tom. iij. 561, seq.)i he mentions that it was 
Standish, Bishop of St. Asaph, whose unintelligent zeal thus carried him away. 



262 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

These things are not very encouraging to tliose who, with 
solemn and heartfelt reverence for God's Holy Word, desire to 
serve Him, and to serve his people, by using intelligent criticism 
in connection with the text of the New Testament. Assailants 
often say much of the " temerity" of critics, and they speak of 
the "sweeping alterations" which they have made on "slight or 
insufficient grounds." This involves the question not simply of 
principles, but also of facts. It may not sound quite courteous to 
say of such opposers, Don't believe them too readily ; but however 
it may be phrased, in whatever gentle circumlocution it may be 
clothed, or with what soft epithets of any kind it may be accom- 
panied, still those homely words express what has to be said, and 
that plainly and distinctly. There are good and sufficient reasons 
for speaking plainly ; and though we should, if possible, maintain 
courtesy, in the place in which it ought to be found; yet it is 
better to be considered open to a charge on this head, than to be 
misunderstood as to important facts relative to the text of God's 
word. But indeed the defenders of that traditional modern Greek 
text of the later copyists, and of the early editors who followed 
them, often seem to think that no courtesy of any kind is due to 
those scholars who recur to ancient authority at all. To say 
nothing of earlier assailants, Matth^i and his followers have shown 
with great skill what can be done by imputing evil motives, and 
misrepresenting principles, and that, too, in language most studi- 
ously offensive. I desire to adhere to all courtesy of expression 
and statement; but if it shows a want of urbanity plainly to say, 
that those who maintain the traditional text often invent or dream 
their facts^ and then draw their inferences, then I must be obno- 
xious to the charge.* 

* In proof of what has been stated above, I refer the reader to Dr. Bloomfield's 
"Additional Annotations on the New Testament" (1851), who, as well as other writers 
devoted to the advocacy of similar principles, habitually overlooks the real facts in 
the statement of evidence : and thus he accuses critics of having made false allega- 
tions which really are not so,— of inserting or cancelling readings which they have 
not inserted or cancelled, — and of being actuated by evil motives^ such as no one 
ought to think of imputing without sure knowledge and definite proof, 

I now add examples of these misstatements of fact used as the basis of argument : 
the passages in Dr. Bloomfield have been taken just as they may be found throughout. 

Luke X. 11. "I can by no means appi'ove of the cancelling of «(/)' vm"? by Griesb,, 

Lachm., and Tisch., on the authority, they allege^ of MSS. B D L, 1, 33," etc 

" But MS. B (the most ancient of all MSS.) has the words." Thus Griesbach, Lach- 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 263 

They do tlius advance allegations as facts ^ which, are not such ; 
and by such invented premises, they draw conclusions of the most 



mann, and Tischendorf are charged in plain terms witli an incorrect allegation of 
evidence, and in reply it is peremptorily asserted that "B has the words." But, in 
opposition to Dr. B.'s charge of error, be it known that the separate collations of 
both Bentley and Bartolocci attest that B has not the words. 

James i. 3. Here Dr. B. charges Tischendorf with erroneously quoting Cod. B for 
the omission of tijs TrtVrews— adding, " nor is there any proof extant that the MS. has 
not the words, for none of the collators attest their absence^ Did it never occur to 
Dr. B. to examine published collations before thus making assertions about them ? 
Bentley's collation of B does attest the omission of the words in question. 

2 Tim. ii. 3. Dr. B. says, " Here, instead of av olv KaKon., six uncial and five cursive 
MSS., . . . have nvyKaK." These six uncial MSS. are A C* D* E* F O ; and of them 
he says immediately after, " Moreover, what weakens our confidence in those uncial 
MSS. in this case is that they all of them have the manifest blunder of the scribes in 
reading crvo-TpaTiwnjs for arpar. ;" he adds, that av ofiv KaKOTT. " is found in the Yat. B." 
What Dr. B., in referring to six MSS,, says of " all of them" is true onli/ of two^ 
D* E*; and to quote a reading in 2 Timothy from the Yatican MS. is futile, for that 
MS. does not contain the JEpistle : yet Dr. B., drawing, as before, his facts from his 
imagination, says that a certain reading " is found" in it ! Just so, on 2 Cor. v. 12, he 
quotes A! 

1 Pet. iv. 1. "The hv before <rapKt, not found in very many MSS., has been cancelled 
by Griesb., Scholz, Lachm., and Tiseh." This assertion, as far as Scholz and Tischen- 
dorf are concerned, is utterly incorrect; and Griesbach does not cancel kv, but only 
marks it as a probable omission. 

Eom. ix. 11. "For Kaahv Lachm. and Tisch. edit ^avkov, from MSS. A B and eight 
others, confirmed by several fathers ; perhaps rightly," .... " The same diversity 
of reading exists at 2 Cor. v. 10, . . . where Tisch., on slender external authority, 
though with strong support from internal evidence, edits ^avXav ; while Lachmann, 
by a glaring inconsistency ^ retains xaKoi/." This "inconsistency" is that "he in each 
case follows evidence. 

So on 1 Peter i. 20, after noticing that " Lachm. and Tisch. adopt the reading 
ea-xa-rov^ instead of the common co-xaTwv; he says that the former derives support 
from Heb. i. 2, " and 2 Pet. iii. 3, en-' ecrxarou twj/ T}/u,epwv, which has place in Text. Eec. ; 
though there Lachm. and Tisch. think proper to read, inconsistently enough, from 
several MSS. en eo-xarwv. Surely the reading, whether ea-xaTcav or ecrxarou, ought to 
be made the same in the same writer." And so, no doubt, the copyists thought, 
and so they made it the same. But might not St. Peter use difference of language 
when he speaks of different things ? and why should critics be charged with incon- 
sistency in cases in which they consistently follow evidence, and not preconceived 
imaginations ? 

On Rom. v. 13, Dr. B. says, "It is remarkable that in this passage, and that of Phi- 
lemon 18, above noticed, Lachm. and Tisch. should read, from a few uncial MSS., 
eWoya, and Lachm. should place in the margin here eXKoyaTon ; for there is not 
the slightest vestige of such a verb as eWoyouo." But there is just as little trace 
of eXAove'w, for if it be not the true reading of these passages, Dr. B. himself states 
that it is only found in one inscription. It is not therefore remarkable that in such 
cases critics should follow their MSS.: and so they have done ; and thus it is not true 
that either Lachmann or Tischendorf has in the text in Eom. v. 13 departed from the 
common reading eWoyelrM i it is also incorrect to state that Lachmann's margin has 

eXAoYaraij for it has iWoyaro. [On 



264 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

unfavourable kind against the ancient documents of every sort and 
region, — against the text which rests on such documents; and 
they speak against the critics who value them and bring them 
forward, as if they were both devoid of all acumen, and had no 
moral conscience with regard to Holy Scripture. Tliis renders 
discussion almost impossible ; for it is not a question of principles, 
but often simply of facts ; and there are those who are sure to 
regard confidence of assertion as carrying with it a great (if not 
convincing) force in a question of argument. 

Of late such assertions have been put forth as to the grounds on 
which the common Greek text rests, as would (if they were re- 
ceived) cause all critical labours to be regarded as needless, if not 
mischievous. An endeavour has been made to cast doubt upon 
the simplest and most elementary facts connected with the original 
editions, and to make it appear that early editors possessed almost 
all that could be desired in the way of critical aids. 

Facts which critics have successfully laboured in establishing 
have been ignored ; while some separate portions of their argu- 
ments have been taken as a groundwork on which to establish the 
strangest paradoxes; — such, for instance, as that the Compluten- 
sian MSS. were really ancient; that Erasmus "possessed a collation 
of the Vatican MS. (B) itself" (see above, page 22, as to what he 
really had from that MS.); that Erasmus's copy of the Apocalypse, 
in which he says that the commentary was intermixed with the 
text, miglit have been of the extremest antiquity, and that the 

On Eom. xiv. 10, Dr. B. ascribes such motives to critics as ought not to be hinted 
without distinct proof. "Lachm. and Tisch. edit Oeov [instead of xp'o^toOJ on the 
authority of seven uncial and one other MS., with the Coptic and some later ver- 
sions—grounds these so slender, as can hardly satisfy any but those who (like the 
Socinians) would bring in Qcov here, in order to weaken (though vain is the endeavour) 
the strong evidence for the Divinity of our Lord, supplied in the next verse." Did, 
then, the copyists ofABCDEFG introduce ^eoO in this place to oppose the 
proper Godhead of Christ ? Or are the ancient MSS. of no value as witnesses ? or 
are we to put woi-ds in or out of the text, just as may be dogmatically convenient? 
But in 2 Cor. v. 10 we read, that we must all be manifested eixtrpoaOev tov ^rjiiaTOi tov 
XPtoTou, and hence, on the usual principle of harmonising, has arisen xpiarov instead 
of Oeov in Eom. xiv. 10 : "for we must all appear before tw ^rifiaTL tov Qeov." Compare 
the two passages, and then say whether reading Oeov here has a tendency to oppose 
our Lord's true Divinity. 

These are samples of the mode in which facts are misstated, and grounds of criti- 
cism are misrepresented ; and tlmt, by some persons, repeatedly and habitually. 
These remarks apply to none who repudiate and condemn advocacy of such a kind. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 265 

commentary was afterwards added ; that " Griesbach, Davidson, 
and Tregelles" were all guilty of making a false charge against 
Erasmus, in asserting " that the MSS. which he employed were 
very few ^ and those modern;" that the collations of certain MSS. 
" were doubtless of immense value in the formation of Beza's first 
edition" (an edition which only in the most trifling points differs 
from those of Stephens, and for which, in fact, MSS. were scarcely 
used at all): — these and the like statements, gravely propounded 
as facts^ have their parallel in the enunciation of principles which 
succeeds: " we think that the uncial or ancient MSS., «5 « lohole, 
are of less value than the great body of cursive or modern ones, 
and that the consent of the later uncials, and a majority of the 
cursive MSS., ought to decide a reading, in opposition to the 
more ancient uncials and a small minority of modern MSS." 
This is intelligible, and it presents a groimd on which discussion 
is possible^ which is not the case when all that is presented is 
assertion in opposition to known and proved facts^ — facts familiar 
to all those who have studied the subject. I quite believe that 
those who enunciate such principles are thoroughly sincere, and 
that the more recent any copies may be, the more they would 
value them. 

It may be thought that such opinions might pass unnoticed, 
and that those who value critical studies might regard them as 
very harmless: but, observe, the evil lies in this, not that opinions 
of a peculiar kind are held and maintained, not that critical prin- 
ciples are stated which would lead to conclusions which others 
believe to be wrong; but \h2ii facts are misrepresented, — facts, 
which are the true basis of all argument, and which, if appre- 
hended untruly, would affect all conclusions. This it is that requires 
that plain words should be spoken ; for the uninformed are actu- 
ally misled, even though it may be to the instructed quite suflicient 
refutation of these allegations for them to be stated plainly. 

Be this, then, my excuse for saying definitely, that all such 
representations of facts are utterly and absolutely untrue : I have 
no doubt that those who advance them fully believe them ;* just 

* The statements just given, with much more in the same strain, may be found in 
a paper " On the Sources of the Eeceived Text of the Greek Testament," in the 
"Journal of Sacred Literature," Jan. 1854. The reader who wishes, will find more of 



266 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

SO does tlie uninstructed traveller in the parched desert hasten 
onward, in the confidence that water is before him, and just so 
does he encourage others, when all that he really beholds is a 
delusive mirage. The text of God's holy word is in question, and 
is it better smoothly and courteously to receive the assertions by 
which others are guided astray, or to be obnoxious to the charge 
of rude dogmatism for stating plainly how facts really stand, and 
for endeavouring to direct to true sources of criticism? 

Holy Scripture is too precious a deposit for there to be any real 
question, when its value is intelligently known and felt; and thus 
there must be a willingness to meet, and, by God's grace, to bear 
the obloquy attached to those who seek to oppose the traditional 
inertia whicli has fallen on so many of those who profess warm 
regard for the word of God. Would that their zeal had been 
more accompanied by knowledge ! For had it been so, they would 
not have canonised the very dust and the vulgar accretions which 

the same kind of thing in an article "on the Greek Vulgate" (by this term the writer 
means, the common Greek text of the New Testament) in the same Journal, Oct. 1852, 
signed " W. E. T." Dr. Kitto, then the editor of that journal, inserted the last-men- 
tioned article to call forth a reply from me : I was, however, little inclined to amioer 
twelve pages of assertions^ which any knowledge of facts would serve to correct ; 
nor would readers of common courtesy and ingenuousness expect me to discuss ques- 
tions loith any one who departs from the limits of such inquiries, not only in being 
the inventor of his so-called facts^ but also in endeavouring to obtain a vantage- 
ground by imputing evil motives. A man who lays down as a prcliminar)', that his 
opponent is " greatly wanting in due reverence for the word of God," and has been 
" guilty of a capriciousness and inconsistency most reprehensible," is one who need 
himself expect no answer. As to facts and imputations alike, Neh. vi. 8 is a sufficient 
reply to W. E. T., a writer with whom I am not acquainted, and whose reasons for 
diligently contradicting whatever I state are wholly unknown and unguessed by me. 
In the same Journal for July, 1853, W. E. T. ("on the Samaritan Pentateuch") enun- 
ciates his critical canon, " Transcribers are more liable to omit than to add": this 
opinion is one which (according to Porson) " omnes indocti" maintain. This might 
be enough ; but W. E. T. illustrates his position by citing the long addition of the 
Samaritan text at Exod. xx. 17, saying, " This very important addition to our present 
Hebrew text possesses, we certainly think, very sti'ong claims to be received as 
authentic." Now this said addition represents God as speaking, at Moukt Sinai, 
of Mount Gerizim as being " beyond Jordan towards the west" """inX pT^H 12V2 
l^^^r\ N13D "I'll- This is plain proof that these words could not have been spoken 
by God at Mount Siiiai, but that they have been interpolated in the Samax'itan copy 
in Exod. xx. from Dent. xi. 30, whei'c all is right as spoken in the plains of Moab. 
Such writers deserve no serious refutation, even if, for the sake of others, the charac- 
ter of their assertions is shown. Whatever differences of opinion there may be, 
discussion is very practicable so long as facts are adhered to, and there is no imputing 
improper motives; for this introduces into a region in which fail' discussion is 
impossible. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 267 

tlie carelessness of past ages has allowed to adhere to the sword of 
the Spirit, and partly to hide its brightness. 

How much has been done of late to put the word of God into 
circulation, and to translate it into the tongues of pagan nations ! 
Would that this could be carried out tenfold more ! But is it not 
at least remarkable that, as far as modern translations in general 
are concerned, all the labours of critics have been in vain ? If 
scholars had been engaged in giving to the nations of India trans- 
lations of Homer or ^Eschylus, it would not have been so ; for 
they would instinctively have embodied the results of criticism : 
is it not then strange that Christian scholars should have so gene- 
rally acted with less intelligence in translating into the tongues of 
such nations that infinitely more precious book, the New Testa- 
ment? Are there many modern translations in which any results 
of criticism have been introduced? What is the number of those 
in which 1 John v. 7 does not appear, and from which converts to 
Christianity would not think that verse to be a special ground for 
believing the infinitely precious doctrine of the Holy Trinity? 

It is a cause for thankfulness that the common Greek text is no 
worse than it is ; but it is cause for humiliation (and with sober 
sadness do I write the word) that Christian translators have not 
acted with a more large-souled and intelligent honesty. There 
has, indeed, been honesty of purpose and deep devotedness ; and 
hence the feeling of sadness is the deeper that there was not a 
fuller intelligence. A while ago this could not have been ex- 
pected,* but of late years it might reasonably have been de- 
manded ; and now it is not too much to ask for this from all 
engaged in publishing translations of Holy Scripture for the na- 
tions to whom the gospel is carried forth.f It is futile to plead, 

* Because for a long time critical studies, in connection with the text of the New- 
Testament, were as much neglected amongst us, as the Passover often was of old, in 
the times of the kings of Judah. Bishop Marsh, by his translation of Michaelis, 
directed attention in some measure to the subject, and this was done far more exten- 
sively through the appearance of the Eev. T. H. Home's Introduction, thirty-six 
years ago. There was, however, a continuous want of pains-taking, personal study, 
as if Biblical Criticism had deserted the shores on which it had formerly been 
specially cherished. 

t In connection with this subject, may I remark on the unhappy practice of pub- 
lishing and circulating dishonestly perverted versions in the languages of Eoman 
Catholic countries, — versions which are, here and there, intentionally corrupted. 



268 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

that our English authorised version is based on a different text, 
and that translations for newly-evangelised nations ought not to 
differ from it : our English version was honestly executed before 
critical studies had properly begun ; and to make it the standard of 
criticism shows as little intelligence as if it were made the standard 
of translation. But indeed the latter error, puerile as it is, has 
been committed; and good, well-meaning men, of limited mental 
horizon, have constituted themselves judges of new versions, cri- 
ticising, through the medium of what others report, words or 
sentences which are not in precise accordance with our English 
translation ; and that, too, even when the idiom of language de- 
manded a different collocation of clauses from what we use in 
English. Translators, no doubt, have felt the inconvenience of 
such censorship, and of being subjected, tacitly or avowedly, to 
such trammels. 

But we need not be surprised that, with regard to translations, 
facts are such ; for in this country there has been a timidity about 
the whole matter, — the truths of God's word have been valued, 
and yet there has been seemingly a fear lest too close a scrutiny of 
the text of that word would invalidate those truths, or render 
them doubtful; as if the doctrines which God has revealed might 
rest just as well on a basis of dim uncertainty, perchance of tran- 
scriptural error, that is (if deliberately maintained) of falsehood, 
as on the ground of absolute and ascertained truth. This kind of 
caution is exactly the same as if any would sanction and perpe- 
tuate errata found in a printed edition of the Bible. 

And thus texts are quoted in discussion, as proving doctrines, 
which rightly have no bearing on them at all. Are there none 
who still bring forward 1 John v. 7 in proof of the Trinity? In 
this, there has been indeed a retrogression from Luther and from 
Cranmer. The doctrine is most true, as resting on indubitable 
warrants of Holy Scripture ; but it is not to be proved by citing 
as Scripture that which, if there be any truth in evidence, is no 
part of Scripture at all. In discussions on baptism, we still somc- 

especially in opposition to the doctrine of the finished sacrifice of Christ. This 
practice of circulating such versions has been, in spite of remonstrance, defended on 
various grounds ; and those who have so remonstrated have been blamed for inter- 
fcriug. " Is there not a cause ?" 



I 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 269 

times find those who cite Acts viii. 37 : "And Philip said, If thou 
believest with all thine heart, thou mayest. And he answered 
and said, I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God." This is 
done* apparently in entire unconsciousness that no part of this 
verse is recognised in critical texts, or indeed (what would weigh 
more with some) in the first printed edition. 

In questions on church order, it is often said that iKKXijaia, in 
the singular, is not applied to many assemblies, or to that portion 
of the Church universal which may be diffused through any parti- 
cular country or countries; and, amongst other proofs. Acts ix. 31 
is still relied on (" then had the churches, iKKXTjalat, rest through- 
out all Judaea and Galilee and Samaria," etc.), though critical 
texts, relying on united ancient authority, have here the whole 
passage in the singular, r) fxev ovv eKKkijo-ia KaO' 0X779 T759 'Jou- 
BaLa<; koX TaXiXaui<; koI ^a/jLap€la<; el'xev elpijvrjv, oiKoSofiovfjuivr] 
Kol TTopevo/jbivrj tm ^o/Sw tov Kvplov, koX Trj irapaickrjaeL rod aylov 

Pains have often been taken to explain difficulties occasioned 
wholly by readings of later copies : thus, in Acts xiii. 19, 20, in 
our version, St. Paul says, " And when he had destroyed seven 
nations in the land of Chanaan, he divided their land to them by 
lot: and after that he gave unto them judges, about the space of 
four hundred and fifty years, until Samuel the prophet." Endea- 
vours of various kinds have been made to reconcile this term of 
four hundred and fifty years, from the rise of the judges till 
Samuel, with other Scripture dates; and this passage, as thus read, 
has furnished materials for whole volumes.^ But the most ancient 
copies put this period of four hundred and fifty years in quite a 



* It may be denied that this verse is still thus quoted : I therefore explicitly state 
that it has been so done, even while these sheets were passing through the press. 1 
subjoin a remark from the North British Review, No. xxxviii., August, 1853, on the 
doctrine which this verse is used to establish. " Though the words in Acts viii. 37, 
containing the reply of Philip to the eunuch, when he asked to be baptized, ' If thou 
believest with all thine heart, thou mayest,' are now allowed on all hands to be an 
interpolation, we should refuse nevertheless to admit an adult to baptism, save on 
the personal profession of his faith." (Eeview of Dr. Davidson's Biblical Criticism, 
page 435.) 

t I only state the fact ; I build no theories on it. 

X In the title of Sir Henry Ellis's new edition of Blair's Chronological and Histo- 
rical Tables, this period is still called " the computation of St. Paul.'' 



270 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

different connection : " .... he divided to them their land by 
lot, CO? ereatv TerpaKoaloi^ koI irevrrjKOVTa^ koX fjuera ravra eBcoKev 
KpLTd<;, about four hundred and fifty years ; and afterwards 
he gave unto them judges." This is the reading to which atten- 
tion should have been drawn, and which should have received 
explanation. 

A later reading may cause an expositor needless labour : thus, 
in 1 John V. 13, the common text has .TaOro. eypayjra v/jl2p rot? Trta- 
revovatv eh to ovofia rov vlov rov deov, 'iva elhrjre on ^wr)v e^ere 
alcovcov, Koi Xva irio-TevrjTe eh to ovofia tov vlov tov Oeov. But 
this reduplicate reading of the modern copies has sprung, by 
addition and transposition, from two varieties found in the older 
copies, TavTa eyp. vfju. Xva elBrjre otl ^co. e^. alcov. ol TntnevovTef; 
(or rot? TncTTevova-Lv) eh t. ov. t. ul. r. Oeov. 

In discussions on prophecy how much has been said about " the 
beast that was and is not, and yet is !" Kev. xvii. 8, to drjplov 
o TL rjv KoX ovK eaTt, Kaiirep eo-TLV, as it stands in the common 
text. But this phraseology would not have been used if the older 
text had been known or remembered, to Orjplov otl r/v kol ov/c 
eariv kol irdpeaTat ; "... the beast, because it was and is not, 
AND shall be present." Expositors of the Apocalypse have 
in general followed readings of little or no authority, and that to 
a degree that has of necessity vitiated much of their explanation.* 
How easily might a more intelligent course have been pursued ! 

Those who profess to be competently informed on any science, 
or on any branch of similar knowledge, would, as a matter of 
unquestioned certainty, be very differently grounded in their ac- 
quaintance with elementary facts. They would not go on per- 
petually drawing conclusions irrespective of really knowing and 
ascertaining the data which they use as their premises. 

Few things are more to be deprecated than that there should 

* I ought here to except two who, though difTcring widely in their expositions, have 
used the revised Gi'eek Text which I published in 1844. This was done by B. W. 
Newton, in his " Thoughts on the Apocalypse," 1st edition, 1844, 2nd edition, 1853 ; and 
by the Rev. E.B. Elliott in his " Horse Apocalypticae," in the second and subsequent 
editions. The Rev. Chr. Wordsworth, D.D., has also himself adopted an ancient text 
as the basis of explanation. 

The English translation of the Revelation from ancient authorities, after it had 
been again closely revised, was published without the Greek Text in the end of 1848. 



OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 271 

be any divorce of tlie vital godliness of the Churcli from its intel- 
ligence and knowledge ; and yet can it be denied tbat tbere is 
a danger of tbis ? Is it not evident tbat real spiritual Cbristianity 
is often found in tbose whose measure of biblical knowledge is 
very limited ? and also that they make the narrow boundary of 
their own apprehension the limit within which they wish to con- 
fine others, condemning as wrong and dangerous all that is more 
intelligent and comprehensive? And on the other hand has there 
not been too often an extent of biblical knowledge in those whose 
minds have been cold, dead, and lifeless as to all its spiritual value 
and efficacy ? and has not this caused others to shrink from critical 
studies, as though they must be, of necessity, soul-deadening and 
delusive ? 

These things cannot be doubted by any who are informed on 
the subject ; and thus it becomes a thing of deep importance to 
press on the attention of those whose hearts know and love the 
truths of Scripture, that they should make fundamental biblical 
studies their own field ; that they should combine intelligence 
with grace, and that on no account should they leave criticism in 
the hands of those who do not apprehend the true value of that 
revelation which Holy Scripture contains. 

I am persuaded that very much of the biblical study amongst 
us in the present day is superficial in the extreme. Holy Scrip- 
ture is examined for particular purposes, and is valued so far as it 
seems to answer such objects. It is very right that those who, 
with awakened consciences, are inquiring what the will of God is, 
should specially seek to know what the Holy Ghost has taught as 
to sin, and God's judgment against it, and our condition as sin- 
ners; and what is set before us as to God's mercy to us sinners, in 
sending his eternal Son to be the Saviour for evermore of all who 
believe in his name ; whose blessing then is to know Him as their 
sacrifice, substitute, and surety, and now their forerunner in glory. 
But this is not all : if peace is preached by Jesus Christ, let him 
who has relied on his blood know of a certainty that he has that 
peace, and let him go on to learn all the extent of God's revealed 
will as set forth in Holy Scripture. If *' all Scripture is given by 
inspiration of God," . . . . " that the man of God may be perfect, 
throughly furnished unto all good works," it behoves that the 



272 AN ACCOUNT OF THE PRINTED TEXT 

believer should look at Scripture compreliensively, seeking light 
and guidance from above ; and not merely at portions or passages 
of such a character as may suit some real or supposed personal 
feeling or want. 

But if it be asked by any if I think that textual criticism is that 
which will furnish this more comprehensive and thorough-going 
understanding of Holy Scripture, I answer, Certainly not: criti- 
cism is a means tending to an end, and nothing more. And thus 
let it be remembered that in the sanctuary of Israel, there were 
those who had to attend to the external services ; and the hewers 
of wood and drawers of water had their place ; so that without 
them the priests could not have ministered within as to their 
sacred functions. In erecting the temple, not only was it needful 
to build the visible and glorious edifice, but it was essentially 
necessary that there should be the deeply-laid and firmly-built 
substructions — unseen indeed by most ; unthought-of, perhaps, by 
the casual observer ; but indispensable to the edifice whose glory 
should be visible to all. 

The student of Scripture, who seeks to use it for the spiritual 
edification of others, takes a high stand, and engages in a blessed 
work : to this I make no claim in these textual studies ; but one 
thing I do claim, to labour in the work of that substructure on 
which alone the building of God's truth can rest unshaken;* and 
this claim, by the help of God, I will vindicate for the true set- 
ting forth of his word as He wills it for the instruction of his 
Church. 

A partial and imperfect acquaintance with Scripture ; a neglect 
of fundamental biblical study ; the holding of true doctrines more 
traditionally than intelligently ; a meagre theology which does 
much in excluding the Lord Jesus Christ from a great part of 
Scripture ; a superficial habit of exposition, which causes a 
slender and partial apprehension of the word of God to be held, 
to the exclusion of all that is more deep and substantial ; — are 
amongst the weaknesses of Christian people in this day. And 
those who most require to be told that this is the case, are those 

* "Ex dementis constant, ex principiis oriuntm' omnia: et ex judicii consuetudine 
in rebus minutis adliibita, pendet saepissime etiam in maxinils vera atque accurata 
Bcientia." (Clark, cited by Blomfield : Prom. Vinct., p 135.) 



OF THE GKEEK NEW TESTAMENT. 273 

who are least willing to liear that it is so. Close, accurate, and 
pains-taking study is needed, as well as personal godliness ; for 
most assuredly the Scripture, when looked at in the limited 
manner so common, is treated not as if it were God's objective 
revelation, but as if it were to be measured by man's subjective 
apprehension. It is true that it addresses to us those things which 
we have to know for our personal well-being and salvation ; but 
there we must not stop ; for the Scripture reveals God, — his act- 
ings for his own glory, — his purposes as resting on Jesus Christ 
the Lord of glory. And unless Scripture is apprehended as this 
objective revelation, its full force and significance are unnoticed 
and unfelt. 

Those who uphold evangelical truth, are well aware that doc- 
trinal error in many forms, and those, too, at times, both plau- 
sible and attractive, is widely disseminated. It is useless to 
ignore this as a fact ; and it cannot be met by mere re-assertions 
of orthodox truth. These statements may be felt to be very 
satisfactory to those who, through God's mercy, already believe 
them ; but they do not suffice for guarding truth against oppo- 
sers ; and it is no mercy to those who are in danger of being led 
astray to meet questions and objections by assertions of dogmatic 
orthodoxy. If anything can be done, Scripture and the truths 
taught therein must be apprehended spiritually, morally, and 
MENTALLY. And thus, while the whole basis of evangelic belief 
remains the same as to the ground of personal salvation, through 
the atonement of Christ, there will be a fuller apprehension of 
divine truth, and (through the blessing of God) a greater ability 
to use aright the things so taught. The glory of Christ in his 
believing people will be more known, and the Church will be 
apprehended as a reality, in contrast, on the one hand, to a body 
constituted by forms or ordinances, and, on the other, to that 
agglomeration of orders (to use the monastic term) in which it 
seems, in the apprehension of many, to consist. 

The subject of biblical study in its lower elements, namely, 
textual criticism, has led to these remarks ; the meagre and super- 
ficial manner in which this is treated is only a symptom of the 
partial character of all biblical learning, and of the need that there 
is, if possible, to revive it in its widest extent amongst those who 



274 PRINTED TEXT OF THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 

know in their own souls the value of divine truth, and wish to use 
it for God as applicable to themselves and others. 

I trust that in this department of sacred learning some among 
us will be found desirous of not being mere perfunctionary stu- 
dents ; for thus, and thus only, can sacred criticism flourish again 
in this its former abode. I have long laboured with this object in 
view ; and, whatever the actual results may be, I have the fullest 
confidence that my efforts have been made in the right direction. 

This Account of the Printed Text of the Greek New Testament 
is, of course, primarily intended for biblical students : let me 
then, in conclusion, request any such, into whose hands this 
volume may come, to remember, that the Scripture has been 
given us, not as that on which our minds are to rest with any 
mere intellectual interest, but as being the revelation granted in 
mercy by God to us sinful men. How easy is it for us to misuse 
God's best and holiest gifts ! How often is Holy Scripture regarded 
only intellectually, without its value or purport being apprehended 
by the heart and conscience ! To what can this lead but a deeper 
spiritual blindness, a twofold veil over the heart ? But let the 
Scripture be known as the written testimony of the Holy Ghost, — 
a testimony that the Son of God has come to save the lost, and 
that now forgiveness and reconciliation to God through faith in 
his blood are set forth, — then will the word of God be felt as 
speaking with life-giving power to the heart and conscience, and 
then will there be the ability to seek for spiritual light and guid- 
ance to know and apprehend it aright for the purposes for which 
it was bestowed. We have to remember the solemn position in 
which we stand as sinners against God, whose wrath has been 
revealed from heaven against all unrighteousness, and that the 
record of his mercy, as shown in the cross of Christ, is contained 
in Holy Scripture : the privilege of possessing it and using it will 
either be the greater condemnation of those who do not rest on 
the message of the Gospel thus declared, or else it will be for the 
eternal welfare of those who, through the mercy of God, thus 
receive into their hearts by faith the knowledge of Jesus Christ as 
the Saviour. 



A COLLATION OF 

THE CRITICAL TEXTS 

OF 

GTRIESBACH, SCHOLZ, LACHMANN. AND TISCHENDORF, 
WITH THAT IN COMMON USE. 



COLLATION OF 



THE CRITICAL TEXTS 



GRIESBACH, SCHOLZ, LACHMANN, AND TISCHENDORF, 



WITH THAT IK COMMON USE. 



The following Collation exhibits to the reader, at one view, a com- 
parison of the common Text with those which have been formed by 
critical editors, in accordance with the principles adopted by them. 

The Text of Gkiesbach has been taken from his manual edition, 
Leipsic, 1805 ; in which his matured judgment is most fully expressed : 
for although the second volume of his large edition, with critical 
authorities, was not published till the following year, the greater part 
of it had been printed some years previously ; and the former volume 
of that edition had appeared in 1796. The points of variation are but 
few between the two editions, and they relate more often than not to 
questions of the degree of 'probability attaching to different readings. 

In Griesbach's Manual, as well as in his larger edition, besides the 
Text actually adopted, the probability of readings being true or not is 
indicated according to the value which he set on different classes of 
evidence. These designations of that critic have been retained; for 
they are as essentially parts of his system as are the readings in his 
text: he also placed certain readings at the foot of the page of his 



manual edition, simply as being such as students might perhaps hear 
discussed by their instructors, and which they might therefore find 
convenient to see in the edition which they used, although Griesbach 
himself rejected them : these readings have been, of course, altogether 
omitted in this Collation. 

The Text of Scholz has been taken from his edition, 1830-36, 
but with due regard not to follow typographical errors, as if they had 
been the variations advisedly adopted by that editor. The readings 
which Scholz subjoins to his Text, and which he designates as 
Alexandrian or ConstantinopoUtan (i. e. according to his system and 
nomenclature), have been also introduced into this collation. In this 
part of Scholz's edition, as well as in the text, etc., the errata are 
numerous, and the needful designations are not unfrequently omitted 
or confused : hence it has been needful to exercise some judgment in 
correcting such errors of notation : occasionally, however, this was 
almost, or quite, impossible ; and then it was necessary to pass by the 
reading in Scholz's margin without inserting it. 

It must be remembered that Scholz professedly follows the Con- 
stantinopoUtan family of authorities ; so that when a reading not in his 
text is thus designated, it points out a place in which he advisedly 
departs from that class of witnesses. Sometimes the reading adopted 
by Scholz is itself marked as pertaining to one of these families ; in 
such cases the object of the designation is to contrast the readings 
found in the two classes of authorities. 

Lachmann's Text has, of course, been taken from his larger edition, 
1842-50. In this Collation, besides the variations of his text, the 
readings of his margin have been given ; these are the places in which, 
in the opinion of that critic, the authorities are so divided as to cause 
the preferable reading to be a matter of uncertainty. Similarly tlie 
readings which he enclosed within brackets as being questionable, 
have been distinguished in this Collation. 

The readings adopted by Tischendokf have been taken from his 
second Leipsic edition, 1849 : as he only gives a text, without indicating 
doubts or degrees of probability, there was nothing to insert in this 
Collation, except a conspectus of the readings actually adopted by him. 



Ill 

Besides these four critical texts, the variations have been noticed 
of that of Stephens, 1550, from the Elzevir text, 1624 (second and 
more correct edition, 1633): this comparison will be of some value, 
though the variations are neither great nor very important, as the 
editions in common use fluctuate between these two texts. Mill 
followed the edition of Stephens without intentional variation (except 
in the correction of errata), and from Mill's edition (as if he had 
formed a critical text, which he did not) reprints have been made 
habitually in this country. 



Explanation of the Abbreviations, etc., used in the Collation. 

Gb., Sch., Ln., Tf., St., Elz., stand, of 'course, as the contractions 
for Griesbach, Scholz, Lachmann, Tischendorf, Stephens, Elzevir. 

The mark )( is placed between the word or words of the common 
text and the variation noticed : if it is an addition, omission, or trans- 
position, this mark is not inserted. 

Precedence is given to the readings adopted in the Text by the 
critical editors : to these are subjoined, with some mark of distinction, 
those readings which Griesbach designates as falling under one of the 
heads in his list as to degree of probability, those which Scholz de- 
notes as Alexandrian or Constantinopolitan, and those which Lachmann 
places in his margin, or which he encloses between brackets as being 
doubtful. 

The following is the list of Griesbach's signs :■— 

=? indicates 2^ probable omission. 

-♦ indicates a less probable omission. 

* (rarely found) signifies an addition of some slight probability. 

f=» marks a reading of great value, which, however, Griesbach 

did not prefer placing in his text. 
cv marks a reading of somewhat less authority, considered by 

Griesbach to be inferior to the text. 

When these two latter signs are affixed to the reading of the common text, 
for which Griesbach substitutes another, then they mark readings which that 
critic considered to be inferior, indeed, to that which he adopted, but still 
supported by much authority. 



Alx. and Csi. are, of course, the abbreviations denoting Scholz's so- 
called Alexandrian and Constantinopolitan readings. 

Ln. txt. signifies that Lachmann has the reading in his text, with 
that of the common text (if no other is specified), in his margin. 

Ln. mg. implies the same with regard to Lachmann's margin. 

Readings enclosed between brackets are those which Lachmann has 
thus marked as being doubtful ; but if such readings have also been 
cited as connected with other critical texts, then the readings them- 
selves have not been bracketed, which might occasion confusion, but 
the reference to Lachmann is given thus [Ln]. 

It is believed that this will be found a sufiicient explanation of the 
following Collation to make it useful, as presenting a concise conspectus 
of the results of critical studies hitherto carried on. 



d 



MATTHEW. 



Chap. I. 

Aa/Sid X Aavld Gb. Sch. Tf.; 
Aaveld Ln. semper. 
Boo^ X Boos Ms Ln. 
'QiBrid X "Ico^rjd Ms Ln. Tf. 
6 ^aaikevs, om. Ln. Tf. 
"SoXofxcovTa X 2oXofj.a)va Gb. 
Sch. Tf. 

8. 'Ao-a X ^A(ra(}> Ln. 
'O^lav X 'O^eiav Ln. 
'O^t'as X 'O^ei'a? Ln, 
'E^eKiav X ^^C^K-etav Ln. 
'E^eKt'as X 'ECeKf/a? Ln. 
^AfjLav X 'A/xwy &w Ln. Tf. 
^laxriav X 'laxreiav Ln. 
'Icoo-ias X 'iMcreiaff Ln, 
Mar^az/ X Maddav bis Ln. 
'lr;o-oi;, om. Tf. [Gb. -^3. 
yewrjaLS Cst. X yeveais Gb. 
Ln. Tf. U?^.] [Eec. Gb. ~]. 
■yap, o»i. Ln. 

7rapa8eiyfiaTLaai X ^eiyfxa- 
TLcraL Ln. Tf. [Gb.~]. 
Mapia/JL X Maplav Tf. 
rou Kvpiov^ om. tov Ln. Tf. 
[Gb.-*]. [^Zrc.] 
6 Geos, o?ft. 6 Ln. 
buyepOhsiiyepOiis Ln.C^Za?] 
roi/ Ktoi/ avTrjs tov TrpcoTO- 
roKoz/Xuioi/Ln. Tf. [o?7i.avr. 
roz/ npcoT. Alx.} 



Chap. II. 

I. 'l€po(r6Xv[ia X 'lepovcraXrjiJ, 

Alx. 
3. *Hpa)Sr;s 6 /SacrtXevy X o jSao". 

'Hpa)S?7? Ln. Tf. [^Za^.] 

8. aKpi^cos e^eTao-are X e^er. 

a.Kpi^a>s Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

9. e<TTrj X ea-Tadt} Ln.Tf. [Gb.f^]. 

lAlx.'] 
II. evpoi/ X ftSov Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
13, (patverat, Kar ovap \ Kar 

ouap (palv. Tf.; Kar ovap 

€(pdvrj Ln. 



] i. TOV Kvpi'ov, om. TOV Ln. Tf. 

[Gb.-]. ^te. 
i^ VTTo X Sta Sch. Ln.Tf. [Gb.~]. 

Alx. 

18. 6pr]vos Kai, o?7i, Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. ^te. 

— rj6iXe X rjdeXrjcrev Ln. 

19. Kar oVap <\>aiveTai X ^atV. 

Kar oV. Ln. Tf. Alx. 

21. ^X^ez/ X da-TJXdev Ln. Tf. 

22. eTTt, om.Ln. [Gb.-»]. 

— 'Hpa)Sov roO iraTpos avTov X 

rov TvaTp. avT. '^HpcoS. Ln. 

23. NaCapeT X Na^ape^ Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 

Chap. III. 

I. Se Gb. -». lorn. Alx.} 

— Koi Xeycov, om. Koi Ln. Tf. 

3. VTTO I 8ia Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
~]. Alx. 

4. avTOV r^v X ^v avTOv Ln, Tf. 

6. e^aTTTi^ovTO, add. [navTesl 

Ln. 

— 'lopSaPT/, acZcZ. TTOTafia Ln. Tf, 

[^Za;.] ' 

7. auroO, om. Ln. Tf. 

8. KapTTOvs a^iovs X Kapirbv 

a^iov Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

10. ^'§7 Se Kai, o?ra. KOI Ln. Tf, 

[Gb. -]. \_Alx.-] 

11. jSaTrrt^o) vpa? X vpay /3a7r- 

Ti(a> Ln. Tf. 

— Kat TTvpi Gb. -». [oTO. Cs^.] 

12. avTOV Gb. -*. 

— dTToOrjKTjv^ add. avTov Ln. 
14. ^IcodwTjs, om. Ln. Tf. 

i^. npos avTov X avrw Ln. Tf. 
16. KOL ^aTrTL(j6e\s\^anTi(T6iis 
he Ln.Tf. 

— dve(3r] €v6vs X eu^y? dvejSrj 

Ln. Tf [^Za;.] 

— dveaxdi]crav X rjveaxOrjcrav 

Ln. ; aurM [Ln.]. 

— Kal ipxdfjievov, om. Koi Ln.Tf. 



24, 



Chap. IV. 

6 Ir^o-Qi)?, om. 6 Tf. 
avTa, om. Tf. [^Za;.] 
eiTTfV, fl^ZcZ. atiro) Ln. Tf. iAlx.'] 
avdpooTTOS X avOpcoTTOS Ln. 

Tf. [Gb.~]. ^Za;. 
eVt ttuvtI X eV Trai/ri Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. f^]. 
'L(TTrj(Ttv X €(TTr]cr€v Ln. [Gb. 

~]. ^Za?. 

Xeyet X ewrei' Ln. 
Xeyet X f iTrev Ln. [^Za?.] 
Trdi^ra o-oiXo-oi7ravr.Tf.[^Za;.] 
"Ynaye, add. onia-co fxov 

Gb. -* Sch. [Ln.] Tf. 
6 'iT/fToCiff, om. Tf. [Gb. ^2. Alx. 
'NaCaperXNaCaped Tf.[^Za;.] ; 

TSla^apdd Ln, 
Karrepvaovp, X Kacfiapvaovp, 

Ln. Tf, [Gb. fa] Sic semper. Alx. 
(TKorei eiSe ^coy X ctkotlo. 

(pas ddev Ln. Tf. 
6'lr](rovs, om.Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 

avTo7s, add. 6 ^Irjaovs [Ln.]. 
oXtjv TTjv TaXiXaiav 6 'l?y- 

(Tovs X o 'It^o-oOs' 0X77 r^^ 

TaXiXaiq Ln. ; eV 0X77 r^ 

FaXiXaiaTf. lom.6^Ir]aovsl. 
KOL datp-ovL^oixevovs, om. Koi 

Ln. Tf, 



Chap. V. 

I, avra, om. Ln, 
4 & 5. Trans. Ln, (text) Tf. 
9. aiirot [Ln.]. 
II. prjfxa, om. Ln. Tf. 

— KaO" vpajv, ante ndv nov. Tf. 

— 'v|/"ei;Sopei/oi,om.Ln.Tf.[Gb.^]. 
13, jSXrjdrjvai e^o) Kal X ^Xr]6ev 

Ln, Tf. 

21, eppedr) X ^pprjdr] Ln. Tf. (ei 
sic deinceps). 

22. etK^, om. Ln. Tf. 

25, eV TTJ oSw per' avroO X p-^T 

avTov iv TTj 6S« Ln. Tf. 

20 



26. ere TrapaSoJ, om. Ln, 

27. TOiff dpxatoi9, om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

28. aiiT^ff X avTTiv Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. c^]. 

— avTov X eavTOv Ln. 

30. ^Xrjdfj els yeevvav X f ^^ y^'- 

ewai/ aTTiXdi] Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

31. OTi, om. Ln. Tf. [^/.r.] 

32. OS av cLTToXvcrrj \ rras 6 mro- 
XvodV Ln. [Gb. ~]. lAlx.} 

— [xoLxacrdaLX fJ-OLX^vOrivai Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.l 

— OS iav oTToX. ya^Tjar] X o 

drroXeX. yaixrjcras Ln. 

36. ^ ixeKaLvav noirjcrai X ttoi^- 

crai rj fieXaivav Ln. Tf, 

37. eVrci) X eVrai Ln. Tf. 

39. paTTLO-ei eVt X pa-iriC^t (Is Ln. 

— (Tov o-iayoj/a X criayova crou 
Ln. Tf. 

42. Si'fiou X 5o's Ln. Tf. 

44. euXoyelre Tovs naTapcapevovs 

vpds, KoXcos TTOLelre tovs 
pLKTOvvras vpas., om. Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. =J] [roty picrovcriv Gb. 
Sch.]. 

— fTrrjpfa^ouTcov vpas, kol, om. 

Ln.Tf. [Gb.-]. 

46. ro avTo X o^rcos Ln. Tf. 

47. d8iX(povs X cfii-Xovs Gb. ~. 

— reXcoi/ai X i6viKo\ Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] [Rec. Gb.~]. 

— ourco X TO avTO Ln. Tf. [./ite.] 

45. o)(nr€p X «? Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— ev To7s ovpavols X ovpdvios 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. Alx. 

Chap. VI. 
I. npoaex^TC, culd. be Tf. [^?a;.] 

— eXer}poavvr)v X diKatocrvJ/rjv 

Gb. Ln. Tf. [^te.] 
4. auroy, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -►]. 
[Alx.] 

— ev r6> (pavepcp, om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb.'=:]. ^te. 
S- npoaevxo X 7Tpo(X€vxr]a6e 
ovK. eaeaOe Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

— oiCTTTep X <ws Ln. Tf. 

— av, om. Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

— OTi, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
6. TO) fV, TW Gb. -*. 

— ev TO) (pavepu)^ om. Ln. Tf. 

[/fte.'] ' 

10. TT]S yris, om. Trjs Ln. Tf. 

12. d(l)i€pev / d<l)r]Kapev Ln. 'J'f. 

13. ort (ToO eoTiJ/ 77 (iacTLXeia kui 

f] bvvapis Kcu T} 8u^a els 



MATTHEW. 

Toiis alatvas. dpr}v Cst.; om. 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
TO. Trapa7rTo>paTa avriov, om. 

Tf. [Gb. =5]. 
coanep X cos Ln. Tf. 
avTcov X eavToov Ln. 
on a7reYOuo"i, om. on Ln. Tf. 
rot? dvOpoiuois vrjareiKov X 

i/7;oT. roiy dv6p. Ln. 
KpvTTTa X Kpv<pai<o bis Ln. 

Tf. [Gb.f^]. 
ei^ TO) (pavepo), om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Vf. 

I'/xoJr X crou Us Ln. Tf. [Gb. ■^). 
Koi, om. Ln. 

6(f)daXp6s' add. aov Ln. 
6 6(p6aXp6s aov dirXovs fj X 

77 6 o<l)6. (TOV dnX. Ln. 
pappcova X papcoua Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf.' 
Kai X ^ Ln. ; om. koX tI TrirjTe 

Tf. [Gb. ^]. 
au^dfei- ou Konia, ovde vrj- 

6ei X av^dvovcnv ov kottl- 

(bcriv ov8e vrjOovcnv Ln. Tf. 
eTri^TjreTX eVi^T^roticrii' Ln.Tf. 
TTjv jdaaiXeiav tov Qeov Koi 

TTjV dLKaLoavvT]v X T^v 5t- 

Kaiocr. Koi ttjv ^acr. Ln. Tf. 
rd eavTTJs X fai^TJ?? Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. f^]. 

Chap. VII. 

dvTLpeTp-q6r](TeTai X perpr]- 

6r}(T. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
txTTO X ff Ln. 
TTji/ doKov CK TOV d(pdaXpov 

(TOV X « Tou o<^^. crov Tj)l/ 

doKov Ln. Tf. 
KaTaTraTTjcrooaiv X KaraTra- 

Tl](TOV(TLV Ln. Tf. 

dvoiyrjcreTai X at'Oiyerai Ln. 

e<TTLV, om. Ln. Tf. 

eai/, om. Ln. Tf. 

cdrrjar] X alTTjaei Ln. Tf. 

/cai eVti/ i_;(^w alTrjat] X ^ Kai 

t;(^. aiTJ^o-ci Ln. Tf. [^ Kal, 

^te.] 
edv, Alx. om. 

OVTOS X OVTO) Gb. ~. 

eiVeX^ere X daeXdaTe Ln. 

Tf. 

r) ttvXt), om. Ln. 
on arevr] X n aTevq Gb. Sch. 

Ln. [Ilec. Gb. t^]. 
17 ttuXt^ [Ln.] 

Hpn(rexfTe 8e, om. be Ln. 

aTa<pvXT]v X (TTa(f)vXds Ln. 

2 



I 19. TTOi', a(?rf. [oi/j/] Ln. 
I 20. drro X (K Ln. 
[21. ovpavols X ToTs oCp. Ln. IT. 
22. 7rpoe(f)rjTevaapev X eVpo^/j- 
Tevo-. Ln. Tf. 

24. rovrous [Ln.] 

— opoLcoaco avTov X opoicodr}- 

(TeTai Ln. [^te.] 

— TTji' oIkluv avTOv X awrou TJjy 

olKiav Ln. Tf. 

25. Trpoaenecrov X TrpoaeTrataav 

Ln. ; TvpocreTTecrav Tf. y4?a7. 

26. Ti^y oiKLav avTov X avroO r^i/ 

ot/c. Ln. Tf. 

27. Trpoa-eKoyjrav X rrpocreppTj^av 

Ln. mg. 

28. o-vi/erfXeo-ey X eTeXeaev Ln. 

Tf. [^ia;.] 

29. ypappaTels, add. avToJv Kal 

01 (papicraioi, Ln, ; odd. av- 
Ta>v Tf. ^te. 

Chap. VIII. 

1. 'KaTa^dvTi be avra X 'fo' 

KaTajidvTos avTov Ln. ; [xa- 
TajSdvTos avTov Alx.] 

2. eXOcbv X TTpoaeXdcov Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. cv-]. 

3. 6 'It/o-ovs-, om. Ln. Tf. [ylte.] 

4. TTpocreveyKe X npoaeveyKov 

Ln. Tf. 

— Mcoo-jjy X Mcoilo-^y Ln. Tf. 

{semper) [Gb. -'^]. 

5. 'El(TeX66vTL be TO) 'ir/aoC X 

etcreX. be avTa Gb. Sch, Tf. ; 
elcreXdovTOs be avTov Ln. 
[Alx.] 

7. Kai Xeyet avTW 6 ^Irjaovs X 

Aeyei avTco Ln. Tf. 

8. Kai dTTOKpidels X diroKpid. 

be Ln. 

— Xdyoi/ X Xdyo) Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf, 

9. e^ovaUiVyadd.Taaaopevos Ln. 
10. dKoXovdovaiv, add. avra i^n. 

— ovbe ev ro) ^laparjX Tocrav- 

TTjv irlaTLV X Trap' ovbevX 
Tocr. TTiaTiv ev to) 'lapaTjX 
Ln. Tf. 
13. eKaT0VTdpx<p X eKaTOVTapxij 
Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Kni 2°, om. Ln. Tf. 

— avrot), 07n. Ln. Tf. 

— eV TTJ copa eKeivTj X "tto r^y 

copaseKeivr)sl.^n.; [adfin.add. 
Ka\ vTToaTpe'^as 6 eKaTov- 
Tapxos els tov oIkov avTov, 
ev avTfi TTJ copa, evpe tov 
TTulba vyiaivovra Alx.]. 



27- 



32. 



avTois X avra Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. 

TToWovs ox^ovs X o;(Xoj' Ln. 
avTOv, om. Ln. Tf. 
cfTrei/ X Xeyei Ln. Tf. 
TO ttXoIov, om. TO Ln.Tf.r^ZiT.] 
01 fxadr]Ta\, om. Tf. [Ln.] 
avTov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
J7/Mas, om. Ln. Tf. 
ort KOI, om. Kol Ln. Tf. 
vnaKovova-LV avra X ayr« 

VTroK. Ln. Tf. 
ek66vTL avTW X ek66irros av- 

Tov Ln. [^te.] 
repyearjvcbvXr^paarjuwv Ln. 

[Gb. <^] ; Ta8apr]vcbv Sch. Tf. 

[Gb. <v]. 

^It)o-ov, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. Alx. 
CTTLTpeyfyov rjfuv a.n^\6elv X 

arroa-Teikov f]p.a.s Gb. Ln. Tf. 

lAlx.'] Eec. Gb. ~. 
avTois, add. [6 I^croCy] Ln, 
• a.7rr}X6ou X aTT^X^ai' Ln. 
€is TTjv dye\r)v Toav xo^pav X 

els Tovs xoipovs Gb. Ln. Alx. 
t5>v xolpoiv.^ om. Gb. Ln. \,Alx.'\ 
. avvavrrjcriv X vnavrrjcnv Ln. 
OTTcos X iJ^ct Ln. 

Chap. IX. 
TO, om. Ln. Tf [Gb. -»]. ^Zar. 
Trpoa-ecfiepov X npocrcpepov- 

(TiP Ln. 

d(f>e(ovTai X d^ievraL Ln. 
o^ot at dfiapriai crov X crou 

at d/zap. Ln. Tf [Gb.~3. ^te. 
eiTTOV X f iVai/ Ln. 
lba>v X €iSa)s Ln. [Gb. ^=3. 
Vfxeis, om. Ln. Tf. 
d(f)ea>VTai X d<pUpTai Ln. 
o-ot X O'ou Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 
eyeipai X eyeipe Sch. Ln. Tf 

;Gb. ^]. 

eyepdels X ^^yeipe Ln. 
idaviia(Tav\icj)o^r)dr](Tav Ln. 

Tf [Gb. ~]. ^Za;. 
6 'l7;a-o{}s eKeWev X fKei^. 6 

'It/o-. Tf. 

MoT^aioi/X Ma^^. Ln. semper. 
avTov dvaKeifxevov X ai'aK. 

avT. Ln. 

etVov X eXeyoi' Ln. Tf. 
^Irjaovsy om. Ln. Tf. 
avToh.) am. Ln.Tf [Gb.-*].^Za;. 
ahX X aXXa Ln. 
eXeoi/ X eXeoff Ln. Tf. [Gb. cv]. 

aXX' X aXXa Tf. 



MATTHEW. 

13. eiff fierdvoiav, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] 

14. TToXXct, om. Ln. 

17. dTroXovyTaiXaTToXXui/TatLn. 

— ^aXXovcriv, post dcrKovs Ln. 

— dficporepa X dp.<p6TepoL Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf 

18. apxoiv X a^. et? Gb. Sch.Ln. 

— eXdcouXTTpoaeXdo)!/ Ln. ; eto"- 

€X6o)u Tf [Gb. cv]. 
-"Ort, om, Tf. 

19. T]Ko\ovdr]a-€i/Xr}Ko\ovB€ilLin. 
22. iTTio-rpacfiels X a-rpa(f)e\s Ln. 

Tf 
24. Xeyet avroXs X eXeyei/ Ln. Tf 
[Gb. ~3. ^Za;. 

27. avT&., om. Ln. 

— vte X vioy Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. 

28. Trpoa-rjXdov X Trpoa-rjXOav Ln. 

— TOvroTrot^o-aiXTroi^o-aiTou- 

TO Ln. 

30. dveax^V^^^Xw^^X^l'^' ^^• 
Tf.' 

— eve^pifjLTjcraTO X eve^pinrjdrj 

Ln. Tf. 

32. avdpcoTTOV, om. Ln. 

33. Xeyoi/Tcy, ad(Z. oVi St. Elz. ; 

om. Mill, Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
3^. ev Tco Xaw [Cst.] om.Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
36. €KXeXvfX€Voi X i(TKvXp.evoi 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

— ippip-liivoL X pepijifievoi Ln. ; 

epiixfjLevoi Tf. 

Chap. X. 

2. 'laK<B/3os X '^"^i 'Id/c. Ln. 

3. Ae/S/Saios 6 iTTiickrjdels, om, 

Ln. [Gb. -»]. 

— 6 €7rLKkr}$e\s Qaddatos, om. 

Tf [Gb. -»]. 

4. KavavLTTjs X Kai/araTo? Ln. 

Tf [Gb. ~]. Alx. 

— 'louSay, a<Z(Z. 6 Elz. Ln. [Alx.] 

— ^la-Kapiayrqs X 'l(TKapt(a6 Ln. 

7. "Ort, o??i. Tf 

8. veKpovs eyeipere^ ante Xeirp. 

Gb. Ln. Tf [Alx.'] ; om. Sch. 
[Gb. ->]. 
10. pdjSdou X pd^8ovs Sch. Tf 
^[Gb. ^]. [Ln. mg.] 

— ea-TCVf om. Ln. Tf. [^?a?.] 

12. ad fin. add. Xeyovres., 'Etprjvt] 

Tft) oiKG) TOVTG) ^Za;. 

13. eX'Bero) "X eXBaro) Tf. 

14. edu X ai/ Ln. Tf. 

— e^epxdfievoi, add. e^co Ln. Tf. 

— Kovioprovj add. €K Ln. 



15. Tofioppcov X Tofioppas Tf. 

[Gb. f«]. .4Za;. 
19. 7rapa8c86i)(riv X Trapadaxriv 

Ln. Tf ; napaddxTOvaiv Alx. 

— 8o6rj(reTat yap vplv iv iKiivrj 

T^ &pa tI XaXrjcreTej Gb. -♦. 
[Ln.] 
23. aXXrjv X irepav Gb. Ln. ; add, 
Ik&v ev rfi erepa, diaKcoariv 
vfids, (fievyere els ttjv dX- 
Xr]v2 Ln. ; add. eadem^ sed 
eK TavTTjs Gb. -*. 

— yap Gb. -» ; om. [Alx.} 

— Tov, om. Ln. Tf. 

- dv, om. Tf. 

25. TOV olKodeo-iroTTjv X ro) oIko- 
decTTTOTTj Ln. 

- eKaXecrav X eneKaXeaav Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- rows oIkiukovs X Totff ot/cia- 

Koiff Ln. 

28. (}io^rje^T€ X <})o^e7(r6e Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— aTTOKreti/dz/rci)!' X aTroKrer- 

vovTcov Ln. Tf. ; aTTO/CTewi'- 
Tcov Gb. Sch. 

- /cat '^vxrjv., [/fat] Ln. 

29. eVt Tr)v yrjv, Gb. ^. 

31. (Po^T]BfJTe X ffio^elo-Be Ln. 

Tf [^Za7.] 
33, ovpavois X '■ots oyp. Ln. Tf. 
33. S'di/ X 8e Ln. Tf 

— avTov Kayoi X /cdyoj avTov 

Ln. Tf. 

- ovpavois X '"ots ovp. Ln. Tf. 
38. OS ov Xap^dvei X os dv prj 

dpTj Ln. mg. 

- oKoXov^eT X dKoXovBrja-T] Ln. 

mg. 
42. edv X av Ln. 

Chap. XI. 

2. Suo X 8id Ln. Tf. [Gb. fv]. Alx. 

5. Kot ;;^a>Xot, IkoI} Ln. 

— Kai Kox^ot, [/cat] Ln. 

- i/e/fpoi,prce??2,./fatTf[Ln.]^Za:. 

— Kat 7rr£o;;^ot, IkuI} Ln. 

6. edv X ai/ Ln. 

7. 8, 9. e^rjXBeTeX e^rjXBaTe Ln. 

Tf [Alx.] 

8. tfjLaTLOts, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

~ /SacrtXecoi/ X j^aaiXeicov Sch. 

^[Gb. cv]. 

9. iSeti/ ; 7rpo(f)rjTr]v X rrpocj). 

Ide2v Tf. 
10. ydp [Ln.] 

— eyo) [Ln.] 

- OS X Kat lin. Tf, 



ri. avTOv eaTLv\i(TTiv avTOv Tf. 

13. 7rpO((pT}T€VCraV X (1TpO(f)T]T. 

Ln. Tf. 

15. aKoveLV, om. Tf. 

16. TratSapt'oisXTratSioty Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— eV ciyopaT? KaBrjpevoLS X '^a^* 

eV dyopa Ln. [Gb. f*^]. Alx. ; 
Kad. iv dyopals Tf. 

— KOL TTpoacpoivovai Tois irai- 

pois avTOiV, 17. Ka\ \eyov- 
(Tiv X « 7rpoa-(li(ovovvTa rols 
eraipois (irepois) Xeyovaiv 
Ln. (Tf.) Gb. f^. [Alx.] 

— vp.lv, om. Ln. Tf. lAIx.] 
2T. XopaCiv X Xopa^f tv Tf. 

— BrjOadibav X BrjOadida Ln. 

[Gb. ~]. ^Z^. 
23. Tj e(os X /^'7 ft^y Ln. [^te.] 

— roO, o??i. Ln. Tf. 

— yyl/codela-a X vy\rco6r]s Tf. [Gb. 

p=>]. ./iZo;. ; vy\roi6r](rri Ln. [Cs'f.] 

— KaTa^L(Baa6r]ar] X Karaj^r)- 

ar) Ln. Tf. 

— syevouToXiyevqdrja-av'Ln.Tf. 

— yevop-evai iv croiy €p,eLvav X 

eV ao\ yev. e'jxeLvev Ln. Tf. 
2g. dneKpyylras X e/cpu'\|/'as'Ln.Tf. 

26. eyevero €vdo<ia X Pi's. eyeV. 

Ln. 

27, eav ^ovXrjrat 6 ulos aTTOKa- 

Xvyj/ai X "J^ o vioff OTTOKa- 
\v\lrr] Ln. mg. 
29. Trpady X Tvpavs Ln. Tf. 

Chap. XII. 

1. (rafB^acri X cra^^dTois Ln. 

2. eiTTOi/ X fiVai/ Ln. Tf. 

3. avTos, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

4. €(f)ay€v X €(f)ayov Ln. 

— ouf X o Ln. (txt.) Tf. 

6. p,eL^a>v X p-elC^v Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb.H. 
7."EXeoi/ X eXeoff Ln. Tf. 
8. /cat, o?n. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

10. rjv TTjv., om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -]. 

11. earai.) om. Tf. 

— e-yfpei X ey^t-pfi. Ln. 

12. ad(:iliacn X cra/^/Sdroi? Ln. 

13. r;]!' X^V" '''^^ ^ ^°^ '^'^'^ 

^ftpa Ln. Tf. 

— dTTOKUTeaTddr) )[ direicaTcaT. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

14. Oi 8e ^apioralot crv p.(iov\LOv 

€Xa(3ov KciT avTOv i^ikdov- 
Tfs X e^fX^. fie oI <lHtpi(T. 
(Tvp.f:i. i\a(iov Kar civtov 
Ln. Tf. [.4/.i-.] 



MATTHEW. 

i^. b^oi, om. Ln. 

17. OTTCOS X iVa Ln. Tf. 

18. fis", om. Ln. Tf. 

21. eV, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

22. Trpocrr]ve^6r] X TrpocrrjueyKav 

Ln. 

— 8aip.ovL^6pevos TvcjiXos koI 

Ka)(f>6s X 8atp.ovi(6p.evov rv- 
(pXov Koi Kaxpdv Ln. 

— Tov TV(f)X6v, om. Ln. Tf. 

— Koi Xakelu, om. KaX Ln. Tf. 
25. 6 'iT/crovy, offi. Ln. Tf. 

27. vpLcbv eaouraL Kpirai X Kptr. 

ecrovT. vp.wv Ln. Tf. 

28. eyo) ey nvev/zari 0eov X ^v 

Uv. eeou eyo) Gb. Sch.Ln.Tf. 

29. btapTrdaaL \ apTTdcrai Ln. Tf. 

— dtapTrdcreL X dpTrdoret Ln. Tf. 

31. Tots' dvOpcoTTOLS 2°, om. Ln. 

32. av X fdj^ Ln. Tf. 

— ovK d(ji€dr]creTai X ow p.T) 

dcpedfj Ln. 

— rourco TO) X T'S i^i'^' Sch. 

[Gb.'~]. ' 

35. tt}? KapdiaSy om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— Ta, om. Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ->]. 

36. edy, om. Ln. Tf. 

— XaX.T^crcoo-ii' X XaXT^crotiorti/ Tf. 
38. dTreKpidijo-dv, add. avTa> Ln. 

Tf. iAhc.l 

— KOL ^apicraicov, om. Ln, 

42. 2 oXop.c5 zeros' X ^oXop.oi)Vos bis 
Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

44. ^Em<TTpeyp-<o els tov oIkov 

p.ov X els TOV oIk. p.ov eVicrr. 
Ln. Tf. 

— (JXoXd^ovTa., add. [/cat] Ln. 

45. eTVTCL eTepaXeTep.iTTT. Ln. mg. 

46. fie, o?«. Ln. Tf. 

— ddeXcjiol avTov, [avTOv] Ln. 
48. eliTOVTi X XeyovTi Ln. Tf. 
50. TTOLTja-T] X 7rot^7 Tf. 

Chap. XIII. 

1. fie, om. Ln. Tf. 

— dno X f< Ln. 

2. TO, o??i. Ln. Tf. 

— aTreipdv X cnre'ipai Alx. 

4. ^X^e X rfkdov Ln. [JZx.] ; 
(XdovTa Tf. 

— /cat KaT€(fiayev, om. Koi Tf. 
S- yj)? X T^f yj?? Ln. 

9. dKoveiv, om. Tf. 

10. p.adr]Ta\, add. auTov Ln. 

— (Inov X etVaj/ Tf. 

11. Tu>v ovpaviov, Gb. -♦. 
14. eV, ow. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



a>0"i, acZJ. [at'Tcoi/] Ln, 
crvvCicn X crvvicbcnv Sch. Tf. 
JGb. ~]. 
ldcra)p.oi X ldcrop.ai Ln, Tf. 

[Gb.~]. [^te.] 
vptoVy om. Ln. 
oKovei X aKououo-tv Ln. Tf, 

[^te.] 

ei'Soi/ X ei^av Ln. 
aTreipovTOs X (XireLpavros Ln. 

Tf. 

TovTOf, o?ra. Ln. Tf. 
yi}!/ T^yv koXtjv X xaXrjv yijv 

Ln. Tf. 

crvviav X crvvuls Ln, Tf. 
(TTTeipovTi X (rneipavTi Ln. 

Tf. [^te.3 

eaneipe X eTreaTreipav Ln. Tf. 
TO, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
fioyXoi, om. Tf. 
etVoi/ auTw X air« Xeyovo-ti/ 

Ln. Tf. 

e<^j; X (prjatv Ln. Tf. 
/ie'xpt X f<ys Ln. Tf. 
Tco Katpco, OJM. Tw Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. ' 

el? fieV/xa?, om. ety Tf. [Gb. =t]. 
cruj/aydyeTe X (rvvdyere Ln. 
KaTa<iKr)vovv X KaTaa-Krjvolv 

Ln. Tf. 

avTOis, f«Zd. Xe'ycoj' ./4te. 
iveKpy-^ev X eKpv^ev Gb. =^. 
o^K X oiifiei/ Ln. Tf. 
/cdo-pov, om. Ln. Tf. 
6 'iT/croCs-, om. Ln.Tf. [Gb. =t]. 
npocrriXdov X TrpoarjXdav Ln. 
^pdcTQV X dtaadfjirjaov hn. 
avTols., om. Ln. Tf. 
6 (JTveipas cwtcl iaTLV X co"- 

Tti/ 6 aneip. avrd Ln. 
TOu aicoi/oy, om. toi) Ln. Tf. 
KaTaKauTai X KaieTUL Gb. 

Sch. Tf. 
TovTOU, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. — ]. 

aKoueii/, om. Tf. [Ln.] 
ndXir, o?;i. Tf. [Ln.] 
irdvTa ocra e^^* TrcoXeiX'rcoX. 

ndv. oaa e^et Ln. Tf. 
OS evpcov X evpuiv fie Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. iAlx.'] [Rec. Gb. ~]. 
dva^ifSdcravTfSj add. avrrjv 

Ln. Tf. 
€7rl TOV alyiaXov, Koi Ka6i- 

(xavTes X '^cti eVi toi/ aty. 

KaO. Ln. [Rec.mg. Ln.] ; OTti, 

KaX Tf. 
tlyyeia X «'tyy'? Tf. 



5i. Ae'yet avTois 6 ^IrjaovSj om. 
Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

— Kvpie, om. Ln.Tf. [Gb. -♦]. Alx. 
$2. 6 de elnev X ^eyei Ln. 

— els TTjv ^ao-Ckelav \ rfj /3a- 

cnXeLO. Gb. Tf. {sic pram, iv 

Ln.) Alx. 
S4. €K7r\rjTT€(rdai X €KTT\rj(r(r€- 

a-Oai Ln. Tf. 
ii. ovxL X ovx I^n- Tf. 

— Mapiajj. X Mapia Tf. 

— 'Iojctt}? X ^I<o(rrj(j) Ln. Tf. 

5 J. Tvarpi^i avTov^om.avTOv Ln. 
Tf. 

^ Chap. XIV.^ 

3. Kol WcTO^ om. Tf. ; dnedeTO, 

post Koi iv rfj <pvX. Ln. 

— <PvXaKfj X TTJ cjivXaK^ Ln. Tf. 

— ^tXtWov, OCT. Tf. 

4. aur« 6 'Icoaw;;? X o 'icoai'. 

avr. Ln. 
6. yevecrlcou be dyofievcov X ye^- 

vecriois de yevo/ieVoty Ln.Tf.; 

yei/. Se yevonevcov Gb. «>^. 
^. eavXav Ln. Tf. 
9, eXvTrrjdt] 6 jSacriXevs, bia 8e 

revs X XuTTjy^eiS' 6 /3a<r. Sia 

Tovs Ln. Tf. 
10. rw, om. Ln. Tf. 

12. (Tco/Lia X TTTuyfia Ln. [Gb. t^]. 

— avTO )( avTOV Tf. [Ln. mg.] 

13. Kai tiKouo-as X aKOvcras 8e 

Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— TTe^fj X Tre^oi Ln. mg. 

14. 6 'iTyo-oi}?, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb.=J]. 

— avTovs X o.vTo7s Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
rg. TrpoarjXOov X npoarrjXdav Ln. 

— avroO, om. Ln. Tf. 

— aTToXvcroj/, add. ovv Tf. 

18. avTovs &)Se X wSe awr. Ln. Tf. 

19. Tot's x^P'^'O'i^s X Tou x^P"^^^ 

Ln. 

— /cai Xa/3oi)j/, o»2. icat Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— evX6yr)(reXi]yX6yr](rev 'Ln.Tf . 

21. yvuaiKoov kol Traibicou X Trat. 

Koi yvv. Ln. 

22, 6 'l?y(ro{iff [Csf.], OTO, Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— avTov [Csf.3, om. Gb. Sch. Tf. 

— TO ttXoToj/, om. TO Tf. 

2£. dTTT/X^eX^X^ei' Ln.Tf. [Gb.~] 

— 6 'l7;o-oC?, om. Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 

— Tr]s 6aXdacrT]s X ''"771' ^aXao"- 

o-av Ln. Tf. [^to.] 



M A T T H E W. 

26. Kai tSoi/res avrbv oi fiadrjToi 

X Oi Se fxad. Idovres avrbv 
Ln. 

— Triv OdXacrcrav X tj)? 6aXd<r- 

o-r)s Ln. Tf. [^Za?.] 

27. evdecos X ev^vs Ln. 

— avTols 6 'iTjaovs X o 'lr}(rovs 

avTols Ln. 

28. avro) 6 Tlerpos eine X 6 Ile- 

rpos ehrev avrco Ln. 

— Trpos o-e eXBeivX dXO. npos 

o-e Ln. Tf. [^Za?.] 

29. 6 Uerpos, om. Ln. Tf. 

— eX^ai/ X Kat TJXdev Tf. 

32. efjL^dvToyv X dva^dvTcov Ln. 

Tf. [^Za;.] 

33. eXdovres, om. Alx. 

34. TewTjaaperXr^vvrjaaped Ln. 

Chap. XV. 

I. oi OTTO, om. ot Ln. [^far.] 

— ypapfiarels koi ^apicraloL X 

^ap. Koi ypap. Alx. 

4. everelXaTO, Xeycov X etVei' 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. Alx. 

— narepa o^ou, om. aov Gb.Sch. 

Ln.Tf. 

5. KOL ou, o?re. Koi Ln.Gb. -♦. [Alx.] 

— TifXTjo-r] X Tiixrja-ei Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

~ ^ TTJV p.7]Tepa aiiTov, om. Ln. 

6. T^i/ evToXrjvXTOV Xdyof Ln.; 

Toy vopov Tf. 

7. 7rpoe<pr]Tev(r€ X e7rpo(f)T]Tev- 

a-ev Ln. Tf. 

8. 'Eyyi^et /iot 6 Xaos oi!ros ra 

CTTOixari avTa>v, Koi X o Xaos 
o5ro? Gb. Ln. Tf. [Alx.l 
12. aiirou, om. Ln. Tf. lAlx.] 

— eiTTOV X Xeyovo-iy Ln.Tf. ^te. 
14. odrjyoL elcri TV<pXo\ X TVCpXoi 

el(TL 68r}yol Ln. Tf. 
i^. ravTTjv., om. Ln. Tf. 
16. 'l^o-oC?, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
i>j. ovnco X ov Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

22. eKpavyacrev X eKpa^ev Ln. 

(txt.) ; eKpa^ev Ln. mg. 

— avTw., om. Ln. Tf. 

— vie X ^'o? Ln. Tf. 

23. rjponTOiV X rjpo>TOVV Ln. Tf. 

25. TrpocreKvvet X TTpocreKvvqaev 

Gb. f«. Ln. mg. 

26. eVri KciKov \ e^ecmv Ln. Tf. 

30. TVCfiXoVSf Ka><j)ovs X iico<povs, 

Tv(j)Xovs Tf. 

— roi) 'It/o-ou X avTov Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ^3. ^Za;. 

31. TOVS oxXovs X T-w o^Xoi/ Tf. 



31. x^^XovSj prcem. Koi Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 

32. Tjpepas X Tjfxepat Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

33. aurov, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

35. eKeXevae X napayyeiXas Ln. 

[^Za;.] 
~ rots' o;(Xots' X tw o'x^*? I^"- 
(txt.) [Rec. mg.] Alx. 

36. AcaiXa/Scbi/XeXa/Sei/Ln. [^Za?.] 

— evxapiO-TTjcras, prcem. Koi Ln. 

— edcoKe X edidov Alx. 

— avTOVf om. Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 

— T<u o;)(;Xa) X Tols oxXois Tf. 

37. ^pai/, post KXacrpdrcov Ln. Tf. 
39. eve^T] X ai/eiST^ Gb. Tf. 

— Mdy8aXd X MayaSaz/ Ln.Tf. 

Chap. XVI. 

3. VTTOKpiToi, OJre.Ln. Tf. [Gb.:5]. 

— TO pev^ prcem. Koc Ln. 

4. Tov 7rpo<pr]TOVj om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb.^-]. 

5. avrov, om. Ln, Tf. 

8. avrots, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf, 

— eXajderc X ^X^'^^ ^^- C^Za;.] 

10. o-Trvpidas X cr<pvpidas Ln. 

11. apTov X aproiv Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. f^]. 

— Trpoo-exeivXirpoa-ex^Te 8e Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. t^-^] ; Trpoaex^re 
Gb. ^. 

12. roi) aprov X rcoi/ apTcov Ln.Tf. 

— aXX' X aXX^ Tf. 

13. pe, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. -»]. 

14. etTroi/ X f wrai' Ln. 

— aXXoi X ot Ln. 

15. avTols, add. [6 'Ij/ctoCs] Ln. 
17. Kat drroKpidels X diroKp, de 

Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— Tols ovpavols^ om.ToXs Ln. Tf. 

19. KXels X K^elbas Ln. Tf. 

— 6 iav t b av Ln. (txt.) Tf. ; 

oaa av Ln. mg. 

— dedepevov X dedepeva Ln. mg. 

20. fiteo'TeiXaroX erreriprjo'evljn. 

[Gb. c^]. 

— aLTOi), o??i. Ln. Tf. 

— ^Ir]aovs, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

21. 6 'ijja'oOy, om. 6 Ln. 

— aTreXQe'iv els 'lepop-oXvpa X 

ets 'lep. drreX. Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

22. iwiTipqv avra X a^T. eiriT. 

Ln. Tf. 

23. /xov el X ei e/ioO Ln, ; ei p-ov 

Tf. 
2^. yap av X yap eai' Ln. Tf. 



36. ox^eXf trat X oi<^(\r]6r}(T€Tai 

Ln. Tf. Ute.] 
28. v^iivy add. on Ln. 
— Tciiv hbe iaTTjKOToiV X t^^ 

a)Se icTToiTOiv Gb. Ln. [^?a?.] ; 

2)5e 4(TTa)Tes Sch. Tf. [Osf.] 



Chap. XYII. 

a)(f)6r](rau X ioC^Qr) Ln. Tf. 
McocTTjy X McoDcr^f Ln. Tf. 
/xer aiToO cruXXaXovires X 

(TvXX. /Lier' avTOv Ln. 
7roLT](r(t)fi€v X TTOirjcro} Ln. Tf. 
Mwo-,^ X Ma)i;o-ei Ln. Tf. 
/iiaj/ 'HXi'a X 'HXi'a /nt'ai/ Ln. 

Tf [Alx.i 

(P(OT€Lvr] X (pcoTos Gb. [Rec. f^]. 
evBoKTjaa X tjv8ok. Ln. Tf. 
avTou uKovere X "Kou. avr. 

Ln. Tf 

eneaov X ^nea-av Ln. Tf. 
7rpo(T€Xda>v 6 'irjaovs rj\j/aTO 

avToiv, Koi X TrpoarjkOcv 6 

^Itjct. Kol dyj/dfievos avT(ov 

Ln. 

aTTO X eK Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 
duaarrj X ^y^P^fj Ln- Tf. 
awrou, cwi. Ln. 
'iT/o-ouff, om. Ln. Tf [Gb. =J]. 

AIx. 

auTols, om. Ln. Tf. 
npaTov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =^]. 

aXX' X aXXa Tf. 

eXdoPTODV avTa>v X iXOoV' 

Tcov Ln. ; eX^cbi/ Tf. 
avra X airoj/ Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

Trdax^i- X f X^* ■''-'^• 

eVo/xat jLie^' vpcavXp-fO* vfi. 

ecrop.. Ln. Tf [^te.] 
'1770-01}?, om. Ln. Tf [^te.] 
eiVei/ X Xeyet Ln. Tf. 
dma-Tiav X oXiyoTrtcrrtai' Ln. 

[^Zcc.] 
MeTdf^rjOi ivrevOevJ^ perd^a 

€v6ev Ln. Tf 



dua(TTp€<pOp€V(i)V X aV(TTp€Cf). 

Ln. 
eyepdqa-erai X avacTTrjcreTai 

Ln. 

forot' X f tTTOi/ Ln. Tf 
or€ elarjXBeu X elcriKOovTU 

Ln. ; eX(9oi/TaTf 
Ac'yei aiToi 6 Uerpos X f'- 

TTOUTOS Se Ln. ; o?;t. 6 Uerpos 

Tf [Gb. =:]. 
T)7i/ ^uXao-o-ai/, o»«. T)7j/ Ln. 

Tf [.-l/x.] 



MATTHEW. 

Chap. XVIII. 

1. copa X ^P^pfJ- Ln. [Gb. <^]. 

2. 6 'l?;o-o€s-, 07n. Tf. 

4. TaneivaxTr) X raTreivwaei Sch. 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. H. 

5. oy e'ai/ X os av Ln. Tf. 

— TVaibioV TOLOVTOV iv X f ^ TTOl- 

diov TOiovT. Ln. Tf. 

6. eVi XTrep' Ln. [^te.J ; eiy Sch. 

Tf [Gb. f^]. Cst. 

7. eVriJ/, OOT.. Ln. Tf. [AIo!.] 

— e/cftVo), o«». Ln. [Alx.} 

8. aira X avTov Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 

Alx. 

— ;^(»Xoz/ ^ KtiXXot* X KvXXoj' 77 

;j(<»X6t' Ln. 

10. eV ovpavols, om. Tf. ; [eV t&) 

ovpava] Ln. 

11. ^X^e yap 6 vtos tov dvdpd)- 

nov (Tcoaai to aTroXcoXoy, 
077Z. Ln. Tf [Gb. =J]. Alx. 

12. d(f)€\s X d(})rjcrei. Ln. Tf. 

— TTopev^ets X 'fcti TTOp. Ln. Tf 
14. vpcov X /xou Ln, Tf. 

— els X ei/ Ln. Tf [Gb. ~]. Alx. 
li. els ae, om. Ln. Tf. 

— Koi eXey^ov, om. kol Gb. Ln. 

Tf [Alx.l 
16, perd aov, post 8vo Ln. 

18. eai/ brja-rjre X ai/ drjarjTe Ln. 

Tf 

— ra> ovpava, om. ra bis Ln. Tf 

19. ndXtv X a/XT^i/ Ln. ; add. dprjv 

Gb. ^. [Alx. & Cs«.] 

— vpa>V (TVp<pU>Vrj(T(ii(JLv\(TVp- 

(ficov. e^ vpcovJjn.Tf.; {avp- 
(fioivrjaovaip Tf.) 

21. auro) 6 Uerpos eirre X o Ile- 

Tpoy eirrev avrw Ln. Tf. 

22. dXX' X aXXa Ln. Tf 

24. Trpoa-rjvexQrj X'^poo-fjx^^ Ln. 

Tf 

25. Kvpios avTOv., om. avT. Tf. 

— etxf X f'xft Ln. Tf 

26. Kvpie, om. Ln. Tf. 

— COL, post dnobaxroi Ln. [^/«r.] ; 

0771. Tf 

27. eKeluov, om. Ln. 

28. eKelvos, om. Ln. 

— /xoi, 077Z. Ln. Tf [Gb.=5]. ^te. 

— 6 tl\ e'i Ti Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

29. €is Tovf TTobas avTovy om. Gb. 

Ln. Tf [Alx.] 

— epol X epe Ln. Tf 

— 7rai/ra, om, Sch. Tf [Ln.] Gb. 

-]. 

30. dXX* X n^^" Ln. Tf 

— ov, om. Ln. Tf 



31. 5e ot o-vj'SouXoi avTOv X out' 
avTOv ol avvd. Ln. 

— avTOiv X eavTcou Ln. Tf. 

33. /fai eyo) X Acdycb Ln. Tf. 

34. ov, om. Ln. 

— avT(o, om. Ln. Tf. 

35. enovpdvios X ovpdvios Ln, 

Tf. [Gb. ^]. ^?a^. 

— ra TTapaTTTOipara avrcov, om. 

Gb. Ln. Tf [Alx.] 

Chap. XIX. 

I. TTjs TaXiXalas., om. rrjs Elz. 

3. 01 ^apiaaloi, om. oi Ln. Tf. 

— aurw, o??i. Ln. Tf [Gb. ^]. ^Z;». 

— dvOpama, om. Ln. Tf. 

4. aurotj, OTO. Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 
i."EveKev X eve/ca Ln. Tf. 

— 7rpoaKoWrjdr)aeTaL X koXXt;- 

<977o-. Sch. Ln. Tf [Gb. ~]. 
ij. Mcoarjs X Mcovarjs Ln. Tf {et 
sic deinceps). 

— avTTjv, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.l 
9. on, o»i. Ln. Tf. 

— el prj eVt nopveia X fi^ fVl 

TTopvela Gb. Tf [Cs/;.] ; Trap, 
t/croy Xdyou iropveias Ln. 
[^Za;.]. 

10. avrou, om. Tf. 

11. ToCroi', 0771. Tf. [Ln.] 

13. Trpocrrjvex^V X Trpoo-Tjvexdr]" 

aav Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

14. eineVy add. avrols Alx. 

1$. avTo7s rds x^^P<^^ X t^s X^^ft' 
avT. Ln. Tf 

16. elnev avra X avra elir. Ln. 

Tf 

— dyaOe, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =?]. 

Alx. 

— ex(o X c^*^ Ln, Tf [^^^771' aid). 

KXi]povopT](TCi> Ln. mg.] 

17. Ti /if Xeyei? dya^df ; ov8e\s 

dyados, el pfj els, 6 Qeos X 
Ti pe epcaras irepX tov dya- 
60V ; els euTLV 6 dyaOos 
Gb. Ln. Tf [Rec. Gb, <^-], Alx. 

— elcreXdelv els ttjv ^(orju X ^'■S 

Tqv C^Tjv elaeX. Ln. Tf. 

— Trjprjaov X rrjpei Ln. Tf. 

18. AeyeL X ecprj Ln. 

— ov (poveixreis' ov poLxevcreis 

X ov poix- ov (f)ov. Ln. mg. 

19. TTOTepa aov^ om. crov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 

20. TrdvTa Tavra X Tavr. Trdvr. 

Ln. [Alx.'] 

— ecfivXa^uprjv X e(f)v\d^a Ln. 

Tf [Alx.} 



20. €< VCOTtJTOS [XOVy OM. Ln. Tf. 

Gb. -*. 

21. ecf)T] X XcyeL Ln. 

— TTTcoxols^ prcem. toIs Ln, Tf. 

— ovpava X ovpavoLS Tf. Ln. 

mg. 

22. roi/ Xoyoj/, om.Tf. ; ad<Z. [rov- 

Toj/] Ln. 

23. Svo-KoXcos ttX overtop X nXov. 

dva-K. Ln. Tf. Ute.] 

24. 8i€\6€iv X da-eXd. Gb. Sch. 

Tf. 

— Tpv7rrjnaTos\Tpv}idkia.s Alx. 

— roO 0eo£) X t«z/ ovpavcou Ln. 

Tf, 

€lae\6eiv,post7TkovaLov Ln. ; 
ow. Tf Ute.] 

25. avroO, om. Gb. Sch.Ln. Tf. 

26. bward ecrri, om. eVn Gb.Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
29. OS X oa-Tis Ln. Tf. [Gb. *]. Alx. 

— otfc/as-, 7}, om. Tf. 

— rj Trarepa, rj pjjTepa X r) yo- 

vels Ln. mg. 
^ J7 yui/aiAca, om. Tf 

— ^ dypovs, add. rj oIkIus Tf. 

— iKaTovTanXacriova X TToXXa- 

TrXao-. Ln. Tf. 

Chap. XX. 

2. ovficfxavrjcras^ Se X /f"* o-v/i- 

(pcovrjcras Cst. 

3. TTjv Tpirrju, om. ttjv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
i. iraXiv., add. Se Tf Alx. 

6. copav, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. ^Za;. 

— ctpyovs, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. [^Z,r.] 

7. dfXTreXaiva^ add. fxov [Ln.] 

[-4Za;.] 

— /cat o eai/ ^ bLKaLOuXrjyjreade, 

om. Ln. Tf [Gb. ^]. ^te. 
9. KOI i\66vT€s X eX^oj/res Se 

Ln." 
10. iXdovres 8e X ««* eX6. Tf. 
[^Za;.] 

— nXeiova XTrXeioyLn.Tf. [^Zjc.] 

— Kat aurot dvd 8r]vdpiov X to 

am br]vdp. koX avr. Tf. 
i2."0Tt, om. Ln. 

— ?7ftri; avTovs X avrovs rjpXv 

Ln. (txt.) 

15. ^ ouK, 037J. ^ Ln. Tf. 

— TTOirjo-ai, o deXco X o deXco 

TTOtT^crat Ln. Tf. [Alx.'\ 
-rjXel St. Tf Gb. ~. 

16. TToXXot yap elcri KXrjTol., 6X1- ; 

yoi 8e eKXeKTOi, om. Tf 
T]. p.a6r)Tas., om. Tf. 



MATTHEW. 

17. iv TT] 65(5, /cat X f^f^f- ^^ TU 

6d4 Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
19. dva(TTr](T€Tai X eyepdrja: Tf 

— Trap' X ott' Ln. Tf. 

21. oSroi [Ln.] 

— de^tcov (Tov, om. aov Ln. 

— €v<ovvp,a)Vj add. (rov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

22. de 6 X o de St. 

— Koi TO ^d-rmafjici, b eycb /3a- 

TTTi^opiai, ^anTicrdTJvai, om. 
Gb.Ln.Tf lAlx.} ; [7; to jBdn. 
Sch.] 

23. Kai Xeyei, om. Ka\ Ln. Tf. 

— Kai TO ^aTTTicrfia, 6 eyo) j3a- 

TTTi^ofiai^ ^aTTTicrdrjo-ea-de., 
om. Gb. Ln. Tf ; [tj to ^utt. 
Sch.] 

— evavvpcau fiov, om. p.ov Ln. 

Tf [Gb. ^1. Alx. 

— e/jLOf, add. tovto Tf. 

24. Ka\ dKovaravT€s X dKOvaav- 

Tes de Tf. ^te, 
26. Se, o??i. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— eaTat X earii/ Ln. [Alx.] 

— OS idv X Off ay Ln. 

— iv vpiv X v/xcoi' Tf. 

— eoTco X eorai Ln. [Gb.f=^]. Alx. 
2j. Off eaz/ X Off ai/ Ln. 

— eoTco X eorai Ln. [Gb. t^]. 

30. 'EXerjcrov r]p.ds, KvpieXKvo.^ 

iXerjcr. rjfx. Ln. Tf. 

— vlbs X i^tf Ln. [^Za;.] 

31. eKpa^ov X cKpa^av Ln. Tf 

[^to.] 

— ^EXeT](rov Tjpds, KvpieXKvp-, 

iX€r,(r. r}p,. Ln. Tf [Alx.] 

— vlbs X Vie Ln. 

32. 6eXeT€, add. [iva] Ln. 

32. dvoLxdaxjLV X dvoiycoaiv Ln. 
Tf [^te.] 

— ^/Li<ui' ol 6(f)daXfjLoi X ot o^^. 

TjpL. Ln. Tf [^Za;.] 
34. oijidaXixSiv X oiipATcov Ln. Tf. 
[^Za;.] 

— avT&)V oi 6cl)6aXfio\., om. Ln. 

Tf [^Za.-.] 

Chap. XXI. 

1. Br}d(l)ay^ X Br]6a(j)ay^ Tf 

[^Zar.] 

— Trpoff X ds Ln. Tf. 

2. UnpevdrjTe X nopevecrde Ln. 

Tf [^Za;.] 

— dTrivayTi\KaT€vav. Ln. [viZa?.] 

— aydyere X ay ere Ln. 

3. aTTocrreXei X aTToareXXet Gb. 

Sch. 

7 



4. oXoi/, o??i. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. ^Za:. 

5. Acat €7ri^e^i]Ka)s, om. Koi Tf. 
•- TTcaXov, prcem. eVi Ln. Tf. 

6. TrpoaeTa^ev X crvveTa^€V Ln. 

Tf. 

7. eVai/o) 1° X eV Ln. Tf 

— lixaTia avTcsv, om. avTcov Tf. 

[Ln.] 

— eW/ca^torevXeW/ca^to-at'Elz. 

8. i(TTp6ivvvov X eaTpcocrav Ln. 

mg. 

9. npodyovT€s-) add. avTOV Ln. 

Tf [^Z^.] 

11. 'iTyo-oCff 6 7rpo(})TjTr]s X o Trpo- 

<^7yr. 'It^o-. Ln. Tf 

12. 6 'iT^o-oOff, om. 6 Ln. Tf. 

— Tov Qeov, om. Ln. [Gb. -»]. 

Alx. 

13. e7roir](raT€ X Troielre Ln. Tf. 

15. Kpd^ovTas, prcem. Toiis Ln. 

Tf. 

16. etTTOi/ X ewrai/ Ln. Tf 

18. erravdyoiv X eVarayaycoi/ Tf. 

19. M7;KeVt, proBOT. ou Ln. Tf, 

22. av X ia.u Tf. 

23. eXdovTi avT^ X iXdouTOs 

avTOv Ln. [^Za;.] 

24. 5e, om. Ln. 

2^. 'icoavj/ou, prcem. to Ln. Tf. 
~ Trap' X iv Ln. Tf 
26. e^ovai TOV ^Icodvvrjv cos Trpo- 
(pTjTijv X ^s npo. e^. TOV 
'Icodv. Ln. Tf. 

28. avdpcoTTOs., add. tcs Ln. 

— TSKva dvo X 8vo TeKva Ln. Tf. 

— /xov, ovi. Tf [Gb. =i]. Alx. 

— ou deXco X ^y^ Kvpie^ Kcl 

ovK dTTrjXdev Alx, 

29. vcTTepov 6e, [be] Ln. 

30. Kat TTpocreXOwv X TrpocreX. 

5e Ln. Tf 

— Sfurepo) X eVepo) Gb. Sch. Tf 

[Rec. Gb. ~]. 

31. avTO), om. Ln. Tf. 

— *0 irpoiTos X o vcTTepos Ln. 

(Tf 1841). ^ ^ 

32. Trpoff vfxds 'la>dvvr]S X 'looai'. 

Trpoff vp.. Ln. Tf. 

— ovX ovde Ln. Tf. Alx. 

33. TLS, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

— e^edoTO X i^edeTO Tf. 

38. KaTdcrxoop-ev X (J'X^H-^^ ^^^ 

Tf [Gb. ~]. Alx. 
41. eKboaeTaL X eK^axreTai Gb. 

Ln. Tf [Eec. Gb. f^]. 
44. Kal 6 Tvecrcov em tov XiBov 

TOVTOV crvv6Xaa6ri(T€Taf ecf)' 

ov 6' av rriar], XiKp.rjaec av- 



TOW ver. 44, o)n. Tf. [Ln.] 
[Gb.-]. 
46. TOVS o)(Xovs X TOU O)(\0V Lll. 

mg. 

— eTTii^f) X fVci Tf. Alx. 

— «s X etV Ln. Tf. [Gb. :^]. Alx. 

Chaf. XXII. 

I. avTois iv napa^oXais X cV 
TrapajS. avrols Ln. Tf. 

4. f)TOi.fiaara X TjTOLfiaKa Ln. Tf. 

5. 6 /Mej/ X Off /ieV Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— 6 5e X oy Se Ln. Tf. Ute.] 

— ety TJ7V X ^'tti ttjv Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. Alx. 
>j. ^AKovaas 5e 6 /SacrtXevs X o 

Se iSao-iX. QK. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

t^]. Alx. ; Kai a/c. 6 /3acr. Sch.; 

a<Zd. eKf7vos Sch. [Gb. ~]. 
9. ai/ X ^av Ln. Tf. [^te.] 
13. elnev 6 (3a(n\€vs X o (Saat- 

Xeu? €17761' Ln. Tf. 
•- cipare avrov Kai, o»i. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. H. Alx. 

— eK^aXere, add. avrbv Ln, Tf. 

[Gb. <^]. 

15. eXajSov, add. Kararov 'It/ctov, 

S. KUT avTov Alx. 

16. Xeyovres X Xiyovras Ln. 

20. avTois, add. 6 'lijaovs Ln. 
[^te.] 

— dTTTJXdov X airrjXBav Ln. Tf. 
33. 01 Xeyoj/rfs-, ow. ot Ln. {Alx.l 

— iinyafXii pev(Tei.,pr(Bm.Lva JjH. 
25. yap-rjcras X yrjp-as Ln. Tf. 

28. oui/ ai/acrrdcret X ai'aoT. out' 

Ln. Tf. 
30. €Kyap.i(uuTai X yafil^ovTai 

Ln. Tf. ; [yite. s. yap,i(TKOv- 

rat] [Gb. ~]. 

— ToG 0eoO, oni. Ln. Tf [Gb. -]. 

— ovpavo), ])rcem. rw Ln. Tf. 
32. Qebs v€KpS)v, om. ©eoy Ln. 

[Alx.] 
35. Ka\ Xeyoiv, om. Ln. Tf [Alx.] 

37. 'O de Irjaovs eirrev X o Se 

e^r; Ln. Tf. [Alx.] ; 6 5e 
'It/o-. ecfiTj Gb. Sch. 

— oX,7 TT] Kapbia X oXt; KapS. 

Gb. f^. [Cst] 

38. 7Tpd>Tr] Kul fieyciXr) X V /^ify- 

Ka\ TrpoiTq Ln. Tf. (sjc sine t) 

Gb. tv). yfir. 

39. (TfavTou X eauroi/ [Gb. <^]. 

40. Ka\ ol npcxPiiTai Kpep-avrai X 

Kpep-arai mi 01 7rpo(j). Ln. 
Tf. [ylte.] 



MATTHEW. 

43. Kvpiov avTov KoXel X f«XeT 

avrbv Kvp. Ln. Tf. 

— avTOLS, add. 6 'lijcrovs Alx. 

44. 6 Kvpioy, cwi. 6 Ln. Tf. 

— vTTcnrodcov X VTvoKorai Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. Alx. 
46. atro) UTVoKpiOrivai X airoKp. 
avTW Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

Chap. XXIII. 

3. TTjpelv., om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -♦]. 

— T^pelre Koi 7roL€7T€ X ttoltj- 

aare Ka\ -n/pfireLn.Tf. [^?a?. 
sic s. TTOtetre]. 

4. yap X Se Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. Alx. 

— Koi dva^do-raKTa., om. Tf. 

[Gb. ->]. , ^ ^ ^ 

— TO) SeX airol 5e ro) Ln.[^?a;.] 

5. nXaTVPova-i Se X TrXar. yap 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. <v]. Alx. 

— Ta>v IpaTiaiV avTcov, om. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. -*]. 

6. re X 5e Ln. Tf. [Ala;.] 

1. pa/3/3i, f5a^/3t' X /5a/3/3/ Ln. 
Tf. [Gb. -]. Alx. 

8. 6 KaQrjyrjTrjs X o StSacr/caXoy 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. 

— 6 Xpicrrds', o?w. Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 

9. 6 narrip vjiav \ vfxau 6 na- 

TT)p Ln. 

— eV rois ovpavots X ovpdvios 

Ln. Tf. 
10. eiff ydp vp.a)V icmv 6 Kadij- 

yrjTTjs X oTi Ka6T]yT)Tr]S vp.a)V 

icTTLV eis Ln. Tf. [Gb. t^]. 

Alx. 
13. Ouat {i/iti/, ypapparels Ka\ 

^apKTaloi., VTTOKpiTal.) OTl 

KarecrdieTe ras oiKias rcov 
Xr^puiv, Ka\ 7rpo(f)d(Tec fxaKpa. 
Trpocrevxbpevot • did tovto 
Xrj'^eade irepicrcroTepov Kpi- 
/Lia, om. Ln.Tf. [Gb.^] Alx.; 
ver. 13 post ver. 14 Elz. ; {.con- 
tra Sch. C;.'^) 

17. Tis X Ti Ln. 

— pei^cov X pilC^iv Ln. 

— dytd^coz/ X dytdo-aff Ln. Tf. 

18. edu X ai/ Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

19. p-copol Ka\, om. Tf. [Ln.] Gb. -». 
21. KaroiKouiTi X KaToiKTjaavTi 

Gb. Sell. Tf. 
23. roj/ eXeoy X to eXeoy Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
~ Tuvray add. 8e Ln. Tf. [Gb.-]. 
Alx. 



23. dc^teVat X affielvai Ln. Tf. 

24. oi, offi. Ln. 

25. e^, om. Ln. 

— aKpaaias [Alx.] X dStxias Gb. 

Sch. [Rec. Gb.~]. Cst. 

26. Ka\ TTjs 7rapo\//'i8oy, ow. Tf. 

[Gb. =J]. 

— avTwv X airou Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

f«*]. Alx. 

27. Trapofioid^ereXofJiotd^eTeLn. 

28. fxe(TTOL €(TT€ X eVre /xecrroi 1 

Ln. Tf. [^te.] I 

30. rjfjievbis X ^'/xe^a Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

— KOlVCOVol aVTCOV X O.^T' KOIV. 

Ln. Tf. 

34. Koi i^ 1°, o»i. Koi Ln. Tf. 

35. eKxyvopLevov X e/c;^vwd/xej'oi/.l 

Ln. Tf. I 

36. rj^ei, prcem. on Gb. -» & Sch. 

— raOra ndin-a X ndvTa ravra 

Ln. Tf. 

37. aTvoKTelvova-aXdiTOKTivovcra 

Gb. c^. 1 

— enLcrvvdyei opvis X opi'. eVt- | 

o-uj/. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— iavTTJ^., om. Ln. Tf. 
TTTepvyas, add. avT^s [Ln.] 

Tf. 

38. epTjuoSf om. Ln. 

Chap. XXIV. 

1. €7ropev€TO drrb tov Upov X 

0770 TOV lep. eTTopeveTO Tf. 
(sic.) sed €K Ln.) [Alx.] 

2. ^lr](Tovs X drroKpiOeXs Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] 

— Ol; i°, Gb. ^ ; 0?n. ^Za:. 

— Trdira Tavra X raOra 7rdi/ra 

Ln. Tf. 

— pr] KaTaXv6r]creTaL.) om. /u) 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

3. padrjTai, add. [avTov] Ln. 

— Trjs avvTcXeias, om. Trjs Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.] 

6. Tvavra., om. Ln. [Gb. -»]. Alx. 

7. Ka\ Xoipol, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
9. Tcoi/ eBvoiiVy om. tcov Elz. 

15. eaTcos X (TTOS St. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. 

16. eVi X fty Ln. 

17. KaTal3aiv€TO X KUTa^dTco Ln. 

[Jte.] 

— ri X rd Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

18. rd IpdTia X '''d t/xdrtoj/ Ln. 

[Gb. c^]. ylte. 
20. eV aa^^aTO), om. eV Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 



23. 7n(TTevaT]T€ X TTLCTTeveTe Ln. 

24. nXavijcraL X 7rXamo"^a6 Ln. 

mg. 

27. KOi, a??i. Sch, Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

28. yap, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -»]. .^te. 
30. rw ovpavco, om. ra Ln. Tf. 
32. eK(l)vr] X €K(pvrj Ln. [Gb. f^]. 

34. ou jLij), prcem. on Ln. [^Za?.] 

— Travra ravra X ravra 7rdi/ra 

35. TrapeXevarovTai X TrapeXev- 

o-erai Gb. Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

36. T^y (S/jay, otw. t^s Gb. Sch. 

Ln.Tf. . 

— ovpavS)v, add. ovde 6 vtosLn. 

'[Alx.'\ 

— fxov, om. Gb. Ln. lAlx.'\ 

37. Ka\ T) Trapovcrla, om. Ka\ Ln. 

Tf. 

38. axTTrep X 00s Ln. Tf. 

— rjfiepaLS, add. eKelvais Ln. 

— rals npo, om. Tf. [Gb. — ]. 

— eKyajXL^ovTes X yajiia-Kovres 

Ln. 

39. Kat 77 Trapovaia, om. Ka\ Ln. 

Tf. 

40. Svo €(TOVTac X eVoy. Svo Ln. 

— 6, om. 6is Ln. Tf. [Gb.^]. Alx. 

41. p.vXa)vc X /ivXo) Ln. Tf. 

42. copa X '7/^fpa Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

44. (Spa ou doKelreXov 80K. &pa 

Ln.Tf. 

45. Kvpios avTov, om. avTov Ln. 

Tf. [^te.] 

— OepaTreias X ol<€Teias Ln. Tf. 

— StSoj/ai X Soumi Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Rec. Gb. --v]. Alx. 

46. TToiovvra ovras X ovrco? Trot. 

Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

48. 6 KVpiOS flOV X jl-tOU O KVpiOS 

Ln. Tf. [^Z.r.] 

— i\6elv, om. Ln. 

49. crui'SouXous-, add. avTov Sch. 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. 

— eadUiv Se Ka\ ntveiv X ea-Qlrj 

be Koi nivTj Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

Chap. XXV. 

1. avTav X iavTav Ln. Tf. 

— ajravrriaLV X vttclvt. Ln. Tf. 

2. ^o-av e^ avTcov X ^| auro)?/ 

^o-av Ln. Tf. lAlx.] 

— (j)p6vip.oi X p-(^pai Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] 

— at Trivre, om. al Elz. Gb. Ln. 

Tf. ; 7ia6en< Sch. [Gb. ~.] 

— p-copal X <pp6vi[iOL Ln. Tf 



MATTHEW. 

3. aiTLves X ot S^ Ln. ; at -yap 

[^te.] 

— iavTQ)V X avTMV Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

4. ayyetoty avratv, om. avTa>v 

Ln. Tf. 

— avToov 2° X eavrcou Ln. 

6. epx^rai, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =?]. 

[^Za?.] 

— aurou, om. Tf. 

7. aurcov X eavrav Ln. Tf. 

8. eiVoz/ X eiVai/ Tf. 

9. ovK X ov fir] Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

— Se fxaWov, om. Se Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
II. Kal, o?rt. Ln. 
13. iv J] 6 vlos Tov dvdpaTTOV 

epx^rai, om. Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 

16. de [Ln.] 

— enolr]crev X eKepbrjcrev Ln. 

[Gb. ~]. 

— roKavra, om. Ln. [Gb. -*]. 

17. axravrais Ka\ X tutT-. [xai] 

Ln. 

— Ka\ avTos, om. Ln. Tf, [Gb. 

-»]. ^te. 

18. ei/, (kZ(^. raXaiToi/ Ln. 

— iv Trj yfi XyrjV Tf. 

— dneKpy-^e X eKpvyjfev Ln. Tf 

[^Z:c.] 

19. XPOVOV TToXvV X TToXvV XP^~ 

vov Ln. Tf. [^?a;.] 

— /Lier' avTcou Xoyov X Xd-yov 
p.er avT. Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

20. err avTols, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

-*]. Alx. 
2i."E(Pt] 8e, om. Se Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
22. XaSav, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -»]. 

Alx. 

— en avTols, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

-]. ^ ^ 

26. TTOirqpe SovXe X SoCXe ttoi/. 

Ln. 

27. oZv ere X 0-6 o^v Tf. 

29. diro de rev fxfj X tov be p.rj 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

30. en^aXXere X eic/SaXere Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

31. aytOL, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. lAlx.} 

32. <jvvax6rj(xeTai X (rvvaxOrj- 

(Tovrai Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 
36. ^'X^ere X r]X6aTe Ln. Tf. [^Zx.] 

39. da-devrj X ao-^ei/oGi^a Ln. 

(txt.) Tf. 

40. Ta)u dbeXtpav fiov [Ln.] 

41. TO f]TOLixa<rp.evov X o f]rol- 



fxacrev 6 Trarrjp fxav Gb. ~. 
44 avTa, om. Gb. Sch, Ln. Tf. 

Chap. XXVI. 

3. Ka\ at ypap^ixarels, om. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. ->]. ^te. 

4. KpaTr](ra>at boXcoXboX.Kpar. 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf! 

7. dXd^acTTpov fxvpov exovaaX 

ex- aXa/3. p.vpov Ln. [^Za;.] 

— ^apvTip.ov X TroXvTLfJLov Ln. 

[^te.] 

— TT^v Ke<paXr]V X ''^^ KeCJiaXrjs 

Ln. [^ZiT.] 

8. avrou, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

^?a;. 

9. TO [JLVpov, OOT. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Tots', om. St. Elz. Gb. ; Jiabent 

Slill, Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 
i^ avTw, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =^]. 

Alx. 
20, ScoSfKo, G(?d iJLadrjTcov Ln. 

[^?a;.] 

22. eKuaros avrcov X f ts eKucTTOS 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^Zx, 

23. ev Ta rpv^Xico ttjv X^^P^ X 

rfju x^'P" ^^ ■'"<? rpv^. Ln. 
Tf. [^te.] 

26. TOV apTOV, om. tov Ln. [Gb. 

-»]. ^te. 

— evXoyrjo-as [Alx.] X elxapi- 

CTTrja-as Sch. [Gb. f«]. Cs^. 

— ebibov Tols fxadrjrals /cat X 

Sovs ToTff fiaO. Ln. [y4?a?.] 

27. TO TTOTTJpiOV, om. TO Tf. [Alx.] 

— Kat eu;^., o?re. Kal Ln. 

28. TO T?)s, om. TO Ln. Tf. 

— Kaivrjs, om. Tf. [^/>r.] 

— enxwopevov X eKxvvv6[xevov 

Ln. Tf. [^IZa;.] 

29. oTt, om-. Ln, [Alx.] 

— yevvrjfjLaTOs X yevrjixaTos Ln. 

Tf. [^Zx.] 

— /i€^' vp.u)V Kaivov X Kati/oz/ 

31. biacTKopTncrBrjaeTai X ^t<^- 
<jKopina-6rj(TOVTai Ln. Tf. 
[JZa^.] 

33. Kai Trai^Te?, om. Kat Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf, 

— eya>, add. be Gb. ■*. 

35. dTrapvr)(Top.aL X dTrapvrja-oi- 

p,aL Cst. 

— 'Ofioiois, add. be Sch. Gb. t'. 

36. Ve6ar)iJ.avi] X Teda-Tjfxavei 

Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

— p,a6r}Taii, add. avTOV Ln. 

[^Za;.] 



36 



42 



ov X ov av, Ln. ; av Tf. ; om. 

• Trpocrev^cofJuiL CKel X f '^f ' 

TTpoaev^. Ln. Tf. [J?a;.] 
. aLTots-, a<7rf. 6 'l7;o-o€s Sch. 

[Gb. 't^]. 
. 7rpo€\6u>v X npocrekdiov Sch. 

[Gb. ~]. 

• /iof , om. Tf. 

• napeXdeTO) XTrapeX^arcoLn. 

Tf. [Alx.] 
. TO TTOTTJpLOV, OM. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
^l [AIx.l 

• an epov, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. 

^]. [^te.] ^ ^ ^ 

. €Vpl(TK€l aVTOVS TToXlV X TTO- 

Xlv evpev avrovs Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. Alx. 
. dneXdcov ndXiv X naXiv drr- 

eXd. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
eK rpiTov, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. 

-]. ^ 
, avTov.) om. Ln. Tf. AIx. 
TO XotTTOV, om. TO Tf. [Alx.] 
.ecji <a X e(^' o Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. [Rec. Gb. ~]. 
, (Tov Tr}v paxaipav X friv pd- 

Xaipav (TOV Ln. Tf. lAlx.] 
paxaipa X pf^X'^^PU ^^- ^^• 

lAlx.] ' 
aTToXovj/rai X dnodavovuTai 

Gb. ^. [Ca«.] 

rrXelovs X TrXftco Ln. Tf. 
^ ScdSexa, o?«. j; Tf. [Ln.] 
i^^XBeTC X e^^XdaTe Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] 
TT/jos {i/ioy, om. Tf. [Gb. -♦]. 

Alx. 
iKaOe^oprjv 8iddaK(i>v ev T<u 

lepa X ei/ tc5 Up. cKaO. 5i- 

5uo"/c. Tf. ; €Ka6. ev tm Up. 

biddcTK. Ln. ; [diddaKcop Gb. 

-]. ^ 

paOrjTOL., add. iavTOv] Ln. 
Oi §e dpxi-^p("^s X o 5e "/'X" 

icpevs Ln. mj?. 
/cat oi TrpeajivTcpoi.^ om. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. =:]. yfte. 
auroi/ davaTti)acL>aL X ^"^'• 

avTov Sch. 
^ai/arcocrcoo-ti' X davaTUtaov- 

aiv Ln. Tf. 
/(«1 TroXXwi/, 07n. /cat Gb. Ln. 

Tf. lAlx.'] 
yj/fv^opapTvpoiv npnaeXdui'- 

TOiv X npoaeXd. yj/evdopcip. 

Ln. Tf. Alx. [Gb. - ttoXX. 

yj/evb. npoatXd.] 



M A T T H E W. 

6o. ovx ivpov.) om. Gb. Tf. [Ln.] 
Alx. 

— \}/€v8opdpTvpes,om.Tf.[Alx.] 
6i. avTOu, om. Tf. ; ante oIko8. 

Ln. mg. 
63. aTTO/cpt^eiy, om. Alx. 
e^.^OTL, om.'Ln.Tf. [Alx.'i 

— avTov., om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. -»]. 

67. eppdmcrav X epdmcrav Ln. 
Tf. [^te.] 

69. e^co lK.d6rjTO X e/ca^. e^co Ln. 

Tf. 

70. epTrpocrdev, add. avTwv [Gb. 

-*]. Sch. 

71. i^eXdovTa be avTov X e^eX- 

66vTa 5e, s. i^eXdovTOs 8e 
ayrot) ^7.a?. 

— aOroi/, 1° [Ln.] 

— rots' e/cerXavrotj e/c. Sch. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. 

72. /ie(9' X M^™ Ln. Tf. 

74. KUTavadepaTL^eLV X KaToOe- 

paTiCeiv Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

75. rou 'It/o-oC, ow. tov Ln. Tf. 

[Gb.=J]. ^?a:. 

— avTW, om. Tf. [Ln.] Jte. 

Chap. XXVII. 

2. TrapedoiKav avTov, om. avTov 

Ln. Tf. [Alx.1 

— UovTicp, om. Tf. [Alx.'] 

3. TTapaddovs X napabovs Ln. 

— aTTecTTpeyfAe X ea-Tpeyf/^ev Tf. 

— rot? irpea-^vTipois., om. toIs 

Ln. Tf. [^Z:r.] 

4. dScoov X biKaiou Gb. ~. 

— o\/^et X o\/^?7 Sch. Ln. Tf. 

5. ef Toi i/ao) X f^y ''"oi' I'aoi/ 

6. (LTTov X etVai/ Ln. Tf. 

— KoplBavdv X Kop^dv Ln. mg. 
II. eVr?/ X earddrj Ln. Tf. 

16. Bnpa/^/3ai/, jjrce?». ^Irjcrovv Tf. 

17. Bapa(3f3dv.) 2^r(cm.^lrjaovv Tf. 

22. avrw, o;?t. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

23. Tj-yepcov., om. Tf. 

24. aTTevavTL \ KUTevavTi Ln. 

— ToO dtKaiov, om. Tf. [Gb. -]. 

[Ln.] 250sf rourou. 

28. e/c5r;(rai/Tey X eubvaavTesl^n. 

— TvepudrjKav avTw xXapvba 

KOKKLirqv X 'xXcipvba kokkI- 
vrjv Tr(pu6rjK. avTw Ln. Tf. 
[Alx.] 

29. TTju K€(fidXT)P X T^J KecjiciXrjs 

Tf. 

10 



29. (Vt TTju de^idu X cV T7 8e^ia 
Ln. Tf. [^ir.] [Gb.^]. 

— Iverrai^ov X eveirai^av Alx. 

— 6 ^acrtXfvs X /Sao-tXeu Ln. 
33. OS- X o Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. [Alx.'] 

— Xeyopevos Kpaviov Tonos X 

Kpav. TOTT. Xey. Ln. Tf [Alx.] 
[Gb. -♦ Xeyopevosl. s. om. 
Xeyopevos Alx. 
34- o^os X orj/oi/ Ln. Tf. [Gb. f«]. 
Alx. [Rec. Ln. mg.] 

— ^'^eXe X TjdeXrjo-ev Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
3$. ^dXXovres X ^aXoures Ln. 
Tf. 

— iva TrXripaiQfi to prjdev vno 

TOV 7rpo<pT)Tov, Aiepepicrav- 
TO TO. Ipdrid pov eavTo^s, 
Kai enl tov ipaTiafiov pov 
ejSaXov KXrjpov, om. Gb. Sell. 
Ln. Tf. 

40. ei Toi) Qeov X Qeov ei Ln. 

— KaTd^rjdi., prcem. /cat Ln. 

41. de Koi [Ln.] 

— npealBvTepcoVj add. /cat $api- 

cratoiv Alx. 

42. et ^aaiXevs, om. ei Tf. Gb. -, 

[Alx.] 

— TncTTevaropev X maTcvopei/ 

Ln. 

— avra X ^tt' aOroi/ Tf. ; eir' 

avTa Sch. [Gb. f^]. 

43. Tou GfovXTQj Geo) Ln. txt. 

44. avTW X cvv avTw Ln. Tf. 

— avTw X cLVTov Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. ' 

dve^orjaev X i^d-qaev Ln. 

mg.^ 
Xa/za X X7;yLia Ln. ; Xf/xa Tf. 

aa^axOavl X aa^aKdavi 

Ln. 

eaTcoTau X earrjKOTcav Tf. 
eXeyoi/ X ftVai/ Ln. 
n-fZ ^j^«. a^Z(Z. aXXos- 5e Xa^oiU 

Xoyxrjv.) eiw^ev avTOv tt}V 

TrXevpciv, /cat i^rjXdcv vboap 

Kal alpa Alx. 
els 8vo (iTTo (iuadeu ecus KaTO 

X (Is dvo, post /carcD Tf. 
rjyepdr] X rjyepdrjaav Ln. Tf. 

[Jte.] 

yevopeva X ytvopeva Ln. Tf. 
GeoC vtof X I'tos' GfoO Ln. 

txt. 
ipaBrjTevcre X ipa6r]T(vdr] 

Ln. 

64. WKTOS, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

65. 5e, o/rt. Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 



46. 



Chap. XXVIII. 

2. dno TTjs Bvpast om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -♦]. Alx. S. UTTO TTJs 6v- 

pas Tov fxvrjpeiov. 

3. Idea X etfie'a Tf. 

- axrel X cas Ln. Tf. Alx. 

4. iyevovTO X eyevridrjcrap Ln. 

Tf. 



MARK. 

4. oxrct X <»ff Ln. Tf. 
6. 6 Kvpto?, 07«. Tf. ^te. 

8. i^eXdovcrai X aTreX^oCaat 

Tf. 

9. ojff 5e enopevovTO aTrayyel- 

Xat Tot? fiadrjTais avTOv, 
om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =t]. ^te. 
- dnrivTrja-ev X VTrfjVTqaep Tf. 



14. eVi X ^TTo Ln. 

1$. (rT)p.€pov,add. fffxipas Ln. Tf. 

15. avro), om. Ln. Tf. ^te. 

18. y^y, prcBTO. tt)? Ln. Tf. 

19. ouj/, OTO. Gb. Sch. Tf. [Ln.j 

- ^aTTTiCovres X ^aTZTia-avTes 
Tf. 

20. *AiJ,r]v, am, Gb. Ln. Tf. .4te. 



M A E K 



Chap. I. 

1. TOV, om. Ln. Tf. 

2. a)s X Kad^s Tf. ^Za?. 

— €v rols 7rpo(f)T}TaLs X f'*' 'H(r- 

aia TG) npocfirj-nj Gb. Sch. 
[Ln. (txt.) Tf. r<5 *H.] [Rec. 
Gb. ~. Ln. mg.] 

— iycb, om. Ln. Tf. 

— efirrpocrdev (rov, om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

4. ^aTTTL^oDV, prcem. 6 Tf. 
Kot, om. Tf. 

5. i^eTTopeveTO X e^eTTopevovTO 

Gb. e^. Cs#. 

— KOI e^aiTTi^ovTO navTes X 

Trai/rey /cat i^aTrrl^ovTO Gb. 
Ln. Tf. ^Za;. 

— eV r<5 ^lopbavr] 7roTa[xa vrr 

avTov X vtt' avT. iv ro) 'lop. 
TTor. Tf. Ln. mg. Alx. 

6. Tjv U X Kai ^1/ Ln. (txt.) Tf. 

Alx. 

— 'icoai/., prcem. 6 Tf. JZa;. 

— ea-dlcov X ea-^coi/ Tf. 

8. ixev, om. Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 

— eV {/Sart, om. eV Tf. 

— eV HvevfjLaTi,, om. iu Tf. [Ln.] 

9. Kat eyeuero, [Kai] Ln. 

— Na^aper X Na^ape^ Tf. 

— tiTTO 'loai/i/ou ei's roi/ 'lop§a- 

I'T^V X f'S TOJ/ 'lop5. VTT. 

'Icoaz/. Ln. (txt.) Tf. Alx. 

10. evdecos X fu^vf Tf. 

— OTTO X CK Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

Alx. 

— axrel X a>s Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

— 677* avTov X fts avTou Ln. 

(txt.) Tf. 

11. eV « X fV O'ot Ln. (txt.) Tf. 

[Gb. cv]. ^te, 

12. ev^i/y X ev&£cos Ln. 

13. e/cet, 07n. Gb. Ln. Tf. ^Za?. 

— TJixepas Tecro-apaKovra X Tf (T. 



Tjpep. Ln. mg. .^Zar. ; add. Kai 
Tecrcr. vvktus Alx. 
14. Mera Se X f«i H-^tu Ln. Tf. 

— TOi', om. Ala;. 

— TTJs jSao-iXeias-, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

[Gb. :S]. Alx. 
li. Koi Xeycdv, om.Koi Tf. [Gb.::^]. 

Cst. 
16. IlepnraTav be X /^^ai irapa- 

ycov Ln. Tf. [Gb. t^]. ^te. 

— avTov\Tov Sipcoz/os- Ln. [Gb. 

f^]. ^to. ; avTov TOV 2ip.a)Vos 
Sch. Cst.; 2l[xcovos Tf. 

— ^akXovTas X dp,(pi^aX\ov- 

Tas Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. [Rec. 
Gb. ~]. 

— dfMCpi^XrjcrTpoVj om. Tf. 

18. avTcop, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

19. eKe^deVj om. Tf. [Ln.] Gb. =J. 

— biKTva, add. avroov Alx. 

20. evdecds X fv^i'S' Tf Alx. 

21. ela-eXdcbv, om. Tf. [Gb. =5]. 

— eiy rj)i/ (Tvvaycoyrjv, e'S/Sa- 

o-/ce X f^y TTjv away, edt- 
bacTKev Tf. ; om. ttjv EIz. 

22. ypaixixarels, add. [auroji/] Ln. 

23. Kat, add. evdvs Tf. -4te. 

24. "Ea, om. Ln. Tf [Gb. ->]. .<4te. 

— oi'Sa X o'ldap-ev Tf. 

26. Kpd^au X (ponvrjcrav Tf. 

— e^ X ott' Ln. [Gb. ~]. ^?a;. 

27. TvdvTes X anavTes Tf. 

— avTovs X eavTOvs Ln. Tf. 

— Xeyovras., T/ eort toOto ; 

Tiff 17 di8axrj rj Kaivrj avTT], 
OTi X XeyovTCS' tls r) 81- 
daxrj f] Kaivr] ; Gb. ~. 

— ri? T) 8i8axr] rj Kaivrj avrq, 

OTi X bihaxr] naivrj Ln. Tf. 
Alx. 
28. 'E|^X^e 8e X i^a\ ^^rfkOev 
Ln. Tf. ^Zar. 
11 



28. evdvs, TravTaxovj s. evdvs 

TzavTaxov Alx. 

29. evdecos X evdvs Ln. Tf. ^?a7. 

— i^eXdovTes, rfXdov X e^fX- 

6^v rjXdev Ln. [Gb. ~]. 

30. evdecds X fi'^ys' Ln. Tf. Alx. 

31. avTris, om. Ln. Tf. 

— ev^ecoy, o»i. Alx. 

32. eSu X edvaeu Ln. Tf. 

33. 77 TToXty oXrj eincrvvqypivq 

rjv X ^J^ oXrj T] TToXis eTTio: 

Ln. Tf. 
34. avTOP, add. XpicTTOV eluat 

Alx. 
3i. evwxov X evvvxa. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. Alx. 

— KOKeT X f«i ^'ff t Ln. 

36. 6 2ipa)V, om. 6 Tf. 

37. evpovTCS avTovX evpov avTov 

Ka\ Tf. 

— ^rjTovai ere X o"^ ^rjTOvai 

Sch. Ln. 
38.''Aya)per, a(7(?. dXXaxov Tf. 

— /fa/cei X fat eKei Gb. Sch. 

— e^eXrjXvda X eXrjXvBa Gb. !v; 

i^rjXdov Tf. 

39. ef rats' crwa-ycoyats' X ft? ras 

o-uz/aycoyay Gb. Ln. Tf. Alx. 

40. fcat yovvneTcov avTOV, om. Ln. 

Tf. 

— Ka\ Xeyav, om. Kai Tf. 

— "Oti X Kupte Ln. mg. Alx. ; s. 

om. OTI Alx. 

41. 'O Se 'l7/cro{!sXKa' I^^- (txt.) 

Tf. 

— rjylraTO avTOv X avTov rj^aTO 

Ln. Tf. 

42. elnovTOS avTov, om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -»]. ^Za7. 

— evdecos X e^^i*? Tf. 

43. evdecos X e^^vy Ln. Tf. 

44. jj-rjbev, om. Ln. ^Za;. 

— uXX' X aXXa Ln. Tf. 



44- Mcoarris X Maivcrrjs Ln. Tf. 
45. dXX' X aWa Lu. Tf. 

— 61/ X ^TT Tf. 

— ^v [Ln.] 

— TravTa-)(66ev X TraM-o^cv Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

Chap. II. 

1. ttoKlv clcrr]\6ev X ^IcrrjkQev 

ttoKlv Sell. Ln. ; el(rek6u>v 
TToXiv Tf. 

— Kal TjKovcrOrj^ om. Ka\ Tf. [Ln.] 

Alx. 

— els oTkov X ^v OLKCd Ln. 

2. evdeojs [Ln.] o??z. .^4te. 

3. TrapaXvTLKov (fiipovTesX't^^P- 

TrapaX. Ln. 

4. €^' a X OTTOU Ln. (txt.) Tf. 

[Gb! ~]. 

5. iSobi/ de X fai tSwy Tf. Alx. 

— d<p€(ovTai X CL(pLei/TaL Ln. 

(txt.)^ 

— crot at apapTLat crov X o"0^ 

at d/zap. Gb. Tf. .4?.r. [Rec. 
Gb. cv]. [orov] Ln. 
*?. XaXel ^XacrfPrjpLas X XaXeT; 
^Xaa-<pr)p€2 Ln. Tf. 

8. ei^ecos X f^^'^f Ln. Tf. 

— oyro)?, o?«. Ln.; add.avroi Gb. 

Sch. Tf. [Gb. -]. 

— ehev X Xeyei Tf. [Gb. -]. 

9. 'Ac^ecoi/rat X ci(pL€VTaL Ln. 

txt. 

— o-oi X o-ou Gb. Sch. Tf. 

— "Eyetpai X '^y^i-p^ Grb. Sch. 

Ln. ; eyeipov Tf. 
~ Kai, om. Gb. Sch. Tf. 

— aov Tov KpajB^arov X T^i^ 

Kpci^. crov Ln. Tf. Alx. 

10. d(pLeuaL eTTt r?;? y^? X ^7i"' 

r^ff y^s dcbuvai Gb. Sch. Ln. 

11. eyeipai X eyeipe Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— /cat 1°, om. Gb. Sch. Tf. [Ln.] 

12. cvdeoii Kol X fct't tu^i'f Tf. 

— Xeyovras [Ln.] 

— ovbeTTore ovtcos X o^^- oti- 

SeTT. Tf. 

— (ibopeu X e'tSa/xei/ Ln. 
li. eyeu€TO X yiv^Tai Tf. 

— et/ TO), o?ra. ^/x. 

— TjKoXovdrjaav X rjKoXovdovv 

Alx. 
16. Kot 01 'I>api(rarot X TaJi/ <['a- 
pKTiuoiV Ln. mg. yl/x. ; add. 
[kul] Ln. yf/.r. 

— avTov icrOiovTa X on iadUi 

Ln. ^ir. 



MARK. 

16. TeXfflvoJi/ Koi apapTOiXa)V X 
npap. Koi reX. Ln. Tf. 

— Tt, om. Tf. 

— TfXwvcoi' Kai apapTOiXcov 2° 

X dpap. Koi rav reX. Ln. 
(txt.) Tf. 

— Koi TTtVei ; [Ln.] 

!>]. ovK rjXdovX ov yap TJXd. Ln. 
mg. 

— els perdvoLaUf om. Gb. Sch. 

La. Tf. 

18. ol Tcov ^aptaaicov X ol <E>a- 

pLO-aiot Gb. Sch.Ln.Tf. [Rec. 
Gb. cv]. 

— Kai ol, add. padrjrai Tf. 

19. ocTOP ;j^pwoj/ y:ie^' eavTwv 

exovcTL TOV vvp<piov., ov 8v- 
vavrai vqcTTeveiv, Gb. -♦. 

— pe6^ eavTcov ixovai tov wp- 

(})[ov X f'X' ''ot' vvpcj). pe6^ 
iavT. Ln. ; sic, sed peT av- 
TCOV Tf. 

20. eKeivais Tois rjpipais X e/cet- 

1/7 r^ rjpepa Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

21. Kat ovde\s, om. /cat Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— paKOVs X paKKovs Ln. 

— eTTLppaTTTei \ enipdnTei Tf. 

— IpaTLCp TraXaiM X IpuTLOv na- 

Xaiov Ln. Tf.'^Zo;. 

— auro{} X «7r' avTOv Ln. Tf. 

[ajife TO ttX.] 

22. pr]acreiX prj^ei Ln. (txt.) y4Za?. 

— 6 i/eoy, o»i. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =t]. 

— eKxe^TGL Koi 01 dcrKo\ dno- 

XovvTai X oTToXXyrat /cat 01 
da-Kol Tf. 

— dXXa oivov veov els dcTKovs 

KULVovs ^XrjTeov., om. Tf. 

23. napaTTopeveadai avTOV ev 

To7s crd^liacn X o.^t. ev r. 
o-ci^. dtanop. Ln. 

— Tj'p^avTO ol padrjTal avTOv X 

01 /ia^. aur. fjp^. Ln. Tf. J/.r. 

— odou TTOielv X oSoTTOteti/ Ln. 

24. TTOLOvaLU, add. ol padrjTal 

crov Alx. 

— ev., om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =;]. yl?a;. 

25. avTos [Ln.] Gb. -». 

— eXeyev X Xe'yft Ln. 

26. roC «pX-» ^"*- '^^^ ^"- ''^• 

[Gb. =J]. ^/x. 

27. OLip^, pixem. KOI Tf. 

Chap. III. 
I. r/^v 1°, om. Tf. 

— ^i/j owt. Ln. Tf. 

12 



2. TrapeTTjpovv X napeTTjpovTO 

Ln. 

— KaTrjyoprjo-iOcnv X KaT/jyoprj' 

(TOVCTLV Ln. 

3. e^Tjpappevqv e^ovTL t7]v x^^' 

paXrtjv x^^pct expVTt. ^rjpdu 
Ln. Tf. 

— "E-yftpai X ey^'Pf ^^- Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

g. (TOU, 07?l. Tf. 

— dwoKaTecTTdOr] \ dneKaT. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. Rec. <v]. 

— vytrjs COS f] oXXt]^ om,. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

6. evdecos X ^^^^s Tf. 

— enoLOvv X edldovv Tf. .^te. 

7. di'e;!^u)p77cre /iera tcov pa6r]- 

Tcjv avTov X p^rd tcov pad. 
avT. dvex- Gb. Ln. (txt.) Tf. 
Alx. 

— Trpos X f tf Gb. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

Rec. t^']. 

— TjKoXovdrjcrav X rjKoXovdrjcrev 

Ln. Tf. (Gb. ^). [Gb. -*]. 

— avTcp, om. Tf. [Ln.] (Gb. =t). 

8. ot TTepi, lot] Ln. 

— dKovcravTes X dKovovTes Ln. 

Tf. 

— ocra X « Ln. mg. 

— enolei X Trotfi Tf. 

II. edecopei X ededopovv Ln. Tf. 

— TrpoaeTriTTTev X TrpoaeTnnTov 

Ln. Tf. ^te. 

— eKpa^e X eKpa^ov Ln.Tf. ^?a;. 
[2. avTov (pavepov X ^ar. avr. 

Gb. Sch. Csi. 

— TTOirjcrcocnX'n'occoaLV Tf. Alx.; 

add. [oTi Tjbeicrav tov Hpi- 

aTov avTov elvat} Ln. 
[4. ScoSe/ca, add. ovs Kal dwo- 

(TToXovs wvopacrev Alx. 
li. depaireveLV rds vocrovs, /cat, 

om. Tf. 
16. /cat, prcem. TTpcoTov 2ipo)va 

Gb. 'i'. 

— Tw '2lpa>vL ovopa X ovopa Tut 

^Ip. Tf. Ln. mg. ^te. 
[7. Boat-epyey X Boavijpyes Ln. 

Tf. 
[8. KavavLTT]v X Kai/ai/aioj/ Ln. 

Tf. ^/a;. 
[9. 'lcrKapi6)TT]vX ^IcTKapicod Ln. 

Tf. J /a:. 
20. o^Xos, prceni. 6 Ln. Tf. 

— prjTe X PV^^ I^"- Tf. 
25. 8ui/arai X 5vz/)7o-erai Tf. Ln. 

mg. 



2^. (TTaBrjvaL t] oIklu €K€Lvq X ^ 
oIk. €Keiur] (rrad. Ln. (txt.) 
Tf. 

— crradrjvac X CTTTJvai Tf. Alx. 

26. (TTadrjvaL X crTr}vai Tf. 

27. ov dvvarai ovdels X oi^Seis 

dvuaraL Gb. Sch. Ln. ; dW 
ou Si^var. ovS. Tf. 

— diapTrdaei X ^lapTvacrr] Cat. 

28. ra aixapTTjfxara rols vlo7s 

Tcov dvBpanrav X toT? tiiots 
r. aj/^p. ra ap,apT. Grb. Ln. 
Tf. ^Za^. 

— j3\a(r<pr]pLac ocras X at /3Xa- 

(r(j)rjptaL^ ocra Ln. Tf. ; prcem. 
al Gb. ->. Sch. 

— ai/ X ^dv Tf. 

29. ety Tov o.la>va Gb. ->. 

— dXX' X ak\a Ln. Tf. 

— Kpiaeas X dpaprrjpaTOS Ln. 

Tf. [Gb.f^]. JZa;. {s.dpaoTLas) 
SL^Epx^ovTai ovv X Kott epxov- 
rat Ln. Tf. ^Za?. 

— ot dSeXc^oi Koi rj prjrrjp av- 

rov X V M"^' "^■'"' '^"' ^' 
dSeX. aur. Gb. Sch. Ln. [Rec. 
Tf sed ddeXcf). avr.] 

— iarcores X o-tt]<ot€s Tf. 

— (^(ovovvres X KaXotivres Ln. 

Tf. Alx. [Gb. - </)a)z/. aur.] 

32. o;^Xos' 7re/3t avrov X ""^P' 

aur. o^X. Ln. Tf. {Alx."] 

— elnov 8e X k^cu Xeyovcnv Ln. 

Tf. Alx. 

— dd€\(poi aov^ add. Koi at 

ddekcpai aov Sch. Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. 'h]. 

33. drreKpidTj avrols, Xeycav X 

diroKpidels avr. Xeyei Tf. 
(Ln. mg.) 

— f) X /^ai Ln. (txt.) 

— d8€X(f)oi p.ov, om. pov Tf. 

34. KVXXCO TOVS X TOVS KVkX(0 

Gb. ~. 

— kvkXm TOVS Trepl avrov X 

TOVS Tvepl avTOV kvkXco Ln. 

— Trepl avrbv, Gb. -♦. 

— rSe X 'Sov Ln. Alx. 
3i. yap, om. Ln. Tf. 

— TO deXrjpa X ^d deX^para 

Tf. 

— d8eX(f)r] pov, om.pov Ln. JZo;. 

Chap. IV. 

I. a-vvrjxdrj X (rumyerat Ln. 

Tf. Alx. 
~ TToXvs X TrXeTo-roy Tf. 

— eplSdvra els rb nXo7ov X f's' 



MARK. 

TO 7rXo2ov ip^. Ln. Alx.; om. 

TO Tf. [^Za;.] 
. ^v X ^o-av Tf. 
. rov., om. Ln. Tf. 
. Tov ovpavov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
. aXXo be X K.aX ciXXo Ln. (txt.) 

Tf. 

• 7r€Tpw8es, add. Ka\ [Ln.] Tf 
- evdecos X evdvs Ln. Tf. 

■ yV^i pt'CBin. TTjs Ln. 

. rjXiov 8e dvaTeiXavTOs X '<a' 
ore dv€TeCXev 6 rjXios Ln. 
txt. Tf Alx. 

■ eKavpaTLcrdT] X eKavparlcrdr]- 

(jav Ln. mg. 
. Tas., om. Gb. 
. aXXo X dXXa Tf ^Za;. 

• av^dvovTa X ai'|ai/o/.iej'oi/Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. c^]. Alx. 
ev, ter els Tf. iter ev Gb. <v]. 
, avTols., om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
'O e;^(Bi/ X OS exei Ln. Tf. 
."Ore be X f«' OTe Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 
T]pa>TT](Tav X TjpwTcov Ln. Tf. ; 

^Zc, s. e7Tr]pa>TT]<Tav Alx. 
Tr)V TrapafSoXrju X Tas napa- 

^oXds Tf. .^Z.^?. 
yvSovaiy om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

^Za?. 
TO pvaTrjptov, ante beborai 

Tf. 
ra dpapTTjpaTa, om. Tf [Ln.] 

Gb. ^. Alx. 

eldfcds X fL-^vs- Tf. Alx. 
ev Ta7s Kapbiats avTwv X ev 

avTols Ln. mg. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 
ev6ecos \ evdvs Ln. Tf. Alx. 
evdeas X ^vdvs Tf. ^Zx. 
olJtoi i° X dXXot Gb. Ln. Tf 

Alx. [Gb. :i oifToi elcriv Cst.] 
ovToi elcriv, om. Elz. Gb. =J. 
aKovoi/rey X aKOvaavTes Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. ^Za;. 
TOVTOV, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. Alx. 
ovTOL X eKelvoL Tf. ./4Za?. 
Ii/ X eV Tf. ter [Gb, cv], 
avTolSf add. otl Tf. 
6 Xil;(;vos epxerat X ^'pX- '^ 

Xux''- T->i- Tf. 

eTTLTeBfi X Te^^^ Ln. Tf. ^Za;. 
rt, OTO. Tf. [Ln.] Gb. -». ^Za?. 
65 om. Ln. Tf. ^Za;. [Gb. ~, s. el 

pr} tva]. 

(pavepcodfjy prcem. iva Ln. 
els (pavepov eXOrj X eX^. els 

cpavepov Tf. 
13 



34. Kat TrpocTTeUtiaeTai vpiv., om. 
Gb. 

— ToT? aKovovcriv, om. Gb. Ln. 

Tf. 

25. az/ e;j;i7 X e^ft Ln. Tf 

26. e'ai/, ow. Tf. Alx. 

27. KaBevbrj Ka\ eyetprjTaiXnaO' 

evbei KOL eyelperai Cst. 

— j3Xaa-Tdvrj X ^Xaara Ln. Tf. 
38. yap, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. 

— nX-qpt] alTov X irX-qp-qs ctItos 

Ln. Tf Alx. 

29. TTapaba> X 7rapabo7 Ln. Tf 

— evdecos X ey^vs Tf. JZa;. 

30. TtVt X TTcos Tf. Ln, mg. [Gb. 

f«ii]. Alx. 

— ev TTOta Trapa^oXfj 7rapa/3d- 

Xcopev avTTjV X ev tIvl avrrjv 
irapa^oXfj Outpev Ln. txt. Tf. 
Alx. 

31. KOKKa X KOKKOV Gb. Sch. Ln. 

— piKporepos X piKporepov Ln. 

Tf [Gb. cv.] ; fifZcZ. 6j/ Ln. IT. 

— ecrrl, om. Ln. Tf. 

— Ta>v ewl TTJs yrjs [Ln.] 

32. pel^cov, ante ndvrcov Ln. Tf. 

Alx. lpe7^ov Ln. mg. Gb. ~]. 
S3. TToXXa^s, Gb. -♦. 

— TjbvvavTO X ebvvavTO Ln. Tf. 
34. paBrjTals avTOv X IbioLS pad. 

Tf. 

36. be, om. Ln. 

— irXoidpia X TrXoia Gb. Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

37. dvepov peydXrjXpeydXrj dv€~ 

pov Ln. Tf 

— Td be X «^i- TO Ln. Tf. ^Za^. 

— auTO rjbr] yepi^eaOaL \ rjbr) 

yep. TO ttXoIov Ln. Tf [Gb. 
1^]. Alx. 

38. em 1° X fV Gb. Ln. Tf. Alx. 

[Rec. Gb. ~]. 

— bieyeipova-LV X eyelpovcnv Tf. 

40. ourco ; ttcoj ouk e^^fTe X ou- 

TTO) e';^er6 Ln. [Gb. «^] Alx. ; 
ourcos' ovTTio Gb. ~. 

41. viraKOvovo'iv avra X auro) 

VTraKovei Tf. [^Zo;.] 

Chap. V. 

1. ^X^oi/ X V^Bev Gb. ~. 

— Tabaprjvav X Tepacrrjvaiv Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. ~]. 

2. e^eXOovTL avra X e^eXBovros 

avTOv Ln. ^Zjc. 

— evBecos, om. Ln. ; funis' Tf. 

— dnr]VTr]aev X VTrrjVTTjaev Ln. 

^Za;. 



3. ^vTjjxciois X fJivrjixacTLP Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ovT€ X ovbe Ln. Tf. 

— aXva-ecriv X dXvaci Ln. txt. 

Tf. Alv. 

— ovdels T]dvvaTO X oxjkItl ov- 

dels edvu, Ln.Tf. Alx. 

4. avTov icrxv^ X Icrxvev avTov 

Ln. Tf. 
<,. iv roii oji€cn kol iv roiy 
fiin]fia(TLV X ei* Tols jj-vrjixa- 
aiv Koi iv TOLS opecn Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 

6. 'iSoJi/ 5e X KOI i6c!)i' Tf. ^Za;. 

— (ITTO, Gb. -». 

7. eiTre X Xeyft Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 

Alx. 

8. e/c X '^'^^ Ln. mg. 

9. iirqpoiTa X enrjpoiTTjcrev Ln. 

— crot ouofia X ovofia croi Ln. 

Tf. ^te. 

— dTreKpidr), Xeycov X Xeyet au- 

ra Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
Eec. ~]. 

— Aeyecbi/X Aeytcbv Ln. Tf. Alx. 

— p.01^ add. €(TTLv Ln. 

[o. TrapeKoXei X napeKoXovv Ln. 
mg. 

— avTovs aTTOCTTelXrj X ottoot. 

aur. Ln. mg. 
[I. eKelrrpos to. opt] dyeXrj ;^ot- 
pav fxeyaXr] jBoarKopevr]' 
12 Koi napeKoXecrav X f'^ft 
dyeXr} ^oipcov p-eydXr] ^ocr- 
KOfievoiv npos ra oper Koi 
TTapeKoKovv Ln. mg. ; [/xe- 
ydXr] Gb. -♦]. 

— TO. op-q X Tw opeL Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. -» Trpo? T. op.] 
!2. Trdm-ff, ow. Gb. Sch. [Ln.] Tf. 
Alx. 

— ol baipoves, oin.Ti. [G:h.^'].Alx. 

3. (vdecos 6 'irjcrovs [Ln.] ; oin. 

Alx. ; 6 'I?/. Gb. =i. 

— 70-ai/ 6e, offi. Tf. [Ln.] Gb. =J. 

4. Oi 8e X '^o' o' J^u- 1'f- ■^^^• 

— Tovs x^^po^^ X avTovs Gb. 

Sell. Ln. Tf. 

— duTjyyeiXau X czTrr/yyeiXai' Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— c^fjXBov X rjXdov Ln.Tf. [Gb. 

t-]. Alx. 

5. K«i iparicrpevovy cm. kol Ln. 

Tf [Gb. -]. Alx. 

— Ttiv eax^jKOTa tov Xeyecova 

Gb. ^ ; Acyia)j/a Ln. Tf, 



MARK. 

18. efx^dvTos X ip-^alvovTos Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. f^]. Alx. 

— rj per avTOv X H-^t^ ci^t- V 

Ln. Tf. Alx. 

19. 6 5e 'iT/o-ouff X 'fcti Gb. Sch. 

(Ln.) Tf. ; Ln. ClT]aovs]. 

— amyyeiXoj/X aTTciyye tXoj/Ln. 

txt. Tf. 

— aot 6 KvpiosXo Kvp.aoLTf. 

— eTTolrjcre X TreTToirjKev Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
23. I80V, on. Tf. [Ln.] Gb. ^. Alx. 

— ovopuTi ^Ideipos Gb. -*. 

23. TrapcKaXet X napaKaXei Tf. 

— aiir^ TO? x^'P"^ X TO? x^'" 

pay aur^ Ln. Tf. 

— oTTcos o-codf] Ka\ ^rjcreTai X 

iva (Tcodfj KOL CWH ^"- Tf. 
.^?a;. ; [koi ^rjcrerac Ln. mg.] 

— OTTCi)? X ii'a Gb. f^. 

25. TLs, om. Ln. [Gb. ^]. Alx. 

26. iavTrjs X auTTyff Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

28. Kav Tcov IpaTLCOv avTov a\lra>- 

pat X edu dyjrcxipaL Kav tcov 
IpaT. avTOv Tf. 

29. evdecos X ev^vs Tf. .<4te. 

30. €vd€(os X ev^uy Tf. 
33- fV, OTO. Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 

34. 6 fie, ofZcZ. *Ir)(rovs Ln. .^4?^. 

— OvyaTep X OvyuT-qp Ln. Tf. 

36. ev^ecwy, ow.Tf. [Ln.] [Gb.-]. 

JZa;. 

— aKova-as X TrapaKovcras Tf. 

37. auTO) X /^fi"' avTov Tf. ^te. 

— o-vvaKoXovdrjcraL X a/coXov^. 

Ln. 

— Uerpov, prcem. tov Tf. 

— 'loKco/Sof X clvtov Gb. ~. 

38. epx^TUi X epxovTai Ln. Tf. 

— dopvjBov, add. Koi Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

40. 6 fie X auro? fie Ln. /fte. 

— drravTas X Trdvray Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— duuKeipevov, om. Gb. [Ln.] Tf. 

Alx. 

41. KoC/ii X Kovp Tf. 

— eyfLpat X iyeipe Gb. Sch.Ln. 

Tf. 

42. evdeois X eu^uf Tf. 

— €^€aTT](rav, add. evdvs Tf. 

43. yj/o) X yo' Ln. Tf. Alx. 

ClIAP. VI. 

I. ^X^ei/ X epx^'''^'- 'i'f' 
14 



2. iv TTJ avvaycoyrj fitSdo-/c6ii/ X 

fitfi. iv Tj] away. Tf. 

— TToXXoX., -proem, ol Tf. [Gb, <^r:']. 

— aVTCd X TOVTCO Tf. 

— ort, ow. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— dvvdpeis ToiavTai X at 8vv. 

at TOiavT. Tf. 

3. Mapi'ay, prcem. ttjs Tf. Alx. 

— ddeXcjios fie X f«t d8eX(f)os 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. cv]. ^Zx. 

— ^Icoafj X 'icocrjjros' Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

4. eXeye fie X '^^i eXeyev Ln. 

txt. Tf. Alx. 

— crvyyevicri, add. avrov [Ln.] 

Tf. Alx. 

5. TjbvvaTO X efiuj/. Tf. 

— ov8epiav dvvapiv Troirjcrai X 

TTOt. oufi. fiui/. Ln. Tf. 

8. nripaVf pr) dpTOV X apTOV prj 

irrjpav Tf. 

9. dXX' X dXXd Ln. Tf. 

— ivSvcrrjaOe X ivdvaaadai Elz, 

Ln. mg. 

10. Kai eXeyei/ X '^a* Xe'yei Ln. 

mg. 

— idv XavLn. Tf, 

11. oo-ot av prj de^covTa X o? a** 

TOTTOS prj de^rjTai Tf. .<4te. 

— dprjv Xeyco vplv, dveKTOTC- 

pov ecTTaL '2o86pois r] Fo- 
poppois iv Tjpipa KpicrecoSj 
7] Trj TToXet iKcivrj, om. Gb. 
[Ln'.] Tf. Alx. 

12. iKT]pv(T(TOV X iKTjpv^av Tf. 

— peTavoTjorcocri X peTavoaxrLV 

Tf. 
14. eXeyei/ X eXeyoi/ Ln. txt. 
[Gb. <v]. 

— e'x veKpcov rjyipdr] X iyrjyep' 

Tai e'/c veKpcov Ln. ^te. 

— Tjyepdr] X dviarr] Tf. ^te. 
i5."AXXot, ofZcZ. fie Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. <+=]. 

— idTiv, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

— ^, oj«. Gb. Sch. Ln Tf, 

16. eiVei/ X f Xeyei/ Tf. ^te, 

— "Ort, om. Ln. Tf. Gb. -. Alx. 

— *Ia)dvvr]v, Gb. ^. 

— OVTOS X CIVTOS Gb. f^. 

— ecrrij/ avTos, om. Gb, Sch. 

[Ln.] Tf. 

— eK veKpcov, om. Tf. >4Za:. 

17. ry cjivXaKT], om. ttj Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
19. fjdeXev X H^TCi Ln. 
21. ore X o T€ Ln, 



32. 



eiroUiXeTroiTja-ev "Ln.Tf. Alx. 
avTJJs rrjs X avrov s. ttjs Alx. 
Koi dpccrdcrrjs X rjpeaev Ln. 

txt. Tf. Alx. 
€L7r€U 6 ^aaiXevs X f iVei' Se 

6 jSacr. Ln. ; 6 fie /3acr. et- 

Trei/ Tf. ^Za;. 
fie Gb. -. 
'H 5e X Kol Tf. 
alTTjaofxaL X alTrj(ra>nai Ln. 

Tf. ^te. 

^aTTTLO-TOV X jBaTTTL^OVTOS Tf. 

evdecos X eu^v? Ln. Tf. UZa;. 

s. OTO.) [Gb. —]. 
juoi Sa)s e^ aires' X e^avTrjs 

da)s fxoi Ln. Tf. 
<TVvavaK€ifievovs X dvaKeiix. 

Tf. 
avTr]v ddeTTJ(rai X a^er. avr. 

Tf. 
evdecos X et'^v? Tf. ; (sic s. 

CTTTeKovXarajpa X (TTreKOvXd- 

Topa Ln. Tf. 
evexOrjvai X iveyKai Tf. 
KecjiaXrjv avrov, add. eVi 7rt- 

i/OKi [Ln.] 
6 8e aTreX^cby X fai aTreX^. 

Ln. txt. Tf Alx. 
?l\eov X v\6av Tf 
TO) /xvTjuelco, om. ra Elz. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
Koi ocra, om. Kal Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

:5]. Alx. 

eineu X Xeyet Tf. 
dva7rave(T$e X dvanavcraaOe 

Tf ^Za;. 
■qvKaipovv X evKalpovv Ln. 

Tf Cs^. 

aTT^X^OJ/ X OTTT^X^ei/ (7i^. 

eis- €pr]p,ov TOTTOV rep irkolco 

X eV T« ttX. eis eprjix. ron. 

Ln. ^Za;. 

01 ox^ot, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
eTreyvcoaav X eyvaxrav Ln. 

Tf 
avrov, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. ; (om. 

s. avrovs Alx.) 
e/cei Kai 7rpor}K.6ov avrovs X 

Acai rjXdov e'/cei Gb. ~ ; oto. 

Gb. ^Za?. s. K. TrpocrrjKO. avr. 
Ka\ (Tvvrjkdov npbs avrov, 

om. Gb. Ln. Tf Alx. 
6 'iTyo-ouy, om. Gb. Tf. Alx. ; 

ante eidev [Ln.] 
err' avroiy X ^^r' avrovs Ln. 

Tf 
aurov [Ln.] 



MARK. 

36. aprovs, om. Tf. ^Za?. [Gb. H- 

[Ln.] 

— yap, om. Tf Alx. [Ln.] [Gb. 

— ovK exovaiv, om. Tf. Alx. 

[Ln.] [Gb. ^]. 

37. BcaKoaioiv drjvapLcov X fi'?^'. 

StoK. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— dwpev X dScrofiev Ln. Tf. ^Za?. 

s. 8a>cra>pev. 

38. virayere Kal, om. Kal Tf. .^iZa-. 

[Ln.] Gb. =;. 

— Xeyovcri, add. lavrco] Ln. 

39. ai^aKXiz/at X dvaKXLOrjvai Ln. 

40. dv€TT€(rov X dveTreaav Tf. 

— am~di/a, Jzs Kara Ln. Tf. 

41. avrov, om. Tf. 

— Tvapadcoaiv X TraparidaxTLV 

Tf 

43. Ko(})[vovs TrXrjpeis X Ko(})[va>v 

7rXr]poi)p,ara Tf. 

44. ebo-ei, om. Gb. Sch. Ln, Tf. 

45. evdeas X fi'^t'S' Tf 

— aTvoXva-j] X dn"oXvei Ln. Tf. 
48. etSej/ X l^(^v Ln. Tf. 

— Kal Trepl, om. Koi Ln. Tf 

Jo. Ka4 evOioiS X '««' et'^i'S' Ln. 
txt. Tf. ; 6 fie et'^vs' Ln. mg. 

51. Xiay Gb. -*. 

— Kal iOavpa^ov, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

Gb. =J. JZa7. 

52. rjv yap X dXX' ^v Alx. 

— T] Kapb'ia avrav X avrcov rj 

Kap8. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
S4. evdecos X evSvs Tf ^Zar. 

— eniyvovres, add. [ol civdpes 

Tov roTTOv eKCLVOv} Ln. 
$i. TTcpiBpapovres oX. r. Trepi- 
X<opov €K. X Trepiedpapov 
oX. r. x^p(^^ ^'^- '^"' -^^'^• 

— nepixcopov X X^P"-^ "^f- ^"• 

mg. 

— e'/cei, o??i. Ln. 

56. TToXet?, prcem. els Tf [Ln.] 

— dypovs, prcem. els Tf. [Ln.] 

— eridovv X eridecrav Tf 

— -qTrrovro X rj-^avro Ln. txt. 

^Za?. 

Chap. VII. 

2. ciprovs X Tot's «p'''* ■'-''^* '^^• 
JZa;. 

— epepyp^avro, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf 

4. aTTO X QTr' Ln. Tf ^Za?. 

5. enecra X ^ai Ln. Tf [Gb. ~]. 

^Za?. 

— ol jxaBijTaL crov ov irepi/ira- 

15 



rova-L X ov Trepnr. ol paO. 

o-ov Tf 
g. dvLirrois X Koivals Gb. Ln. 

txt. Tf ^Za;. [Rec. Gb. "v]. 
6. diTOKpiOels, om. Tf. Alx. 

— "On, om. Tf [Ln.] Alx. 

— 7rpoe<prjrevcrev X eTrpocf>T]r. 

Ln. Tf. ^Za?. 

— Ovros 6 Xabs X o Xao? ovr. 

Ln. 

8. ydp, om. Ln. Tf 

— 0a7rrta-povs ^ea-ru)V Kal tto- 

rqpicov, Kal aXXa napopoia 
roiavra noXXd Trotelre, oni. 
Tf Alx. 

9. rqprjarjre X crrrjarjre Gb. f^. 
12. Kal ovKeri, om. kol Ln. Alx. 

— T(p narpl avrov rj rfj ptjrpl 

avrov, om. avrov bis Ln. Tf. 
Alx. 

14. TrdvraXndXiv Ln. Tf [Gb. t^]. 

Alx. 

— 'A/covere X dKova-are Ln. Tf. 

— avviere X crvvere Ln. Tf. 

15. eKTTopevopeva drz avrov\ e/c 

ToO dvdpanov eKnopevop,. 
Ln. Tf. ^Za;. 

16. ems eT^ei &ra oKoveiJ', aKov- 

erct), om. Tf. ^iZa?. 

17. rrepl rrjs napa^oXijs X '''V^ 

irapa^oXrjV Ln. Tf. [Gb. <^]. 

Alx. 
19. Kadapi^ov X Kadapc^tov Ln. 

Tf ^Za^. 
21. poLxelai, 7Topve7ai, (f)6voi, 

KXoTra'i X TTopvelai, KXoTrai, 

(povoi, poLxel.ai Tf. 

24. Kai eKeWev X eKeWev fie Tf. 

— pedopia X opta Ln. ^Zar. 

— Kai 2tSaJz/os, o?ra. Tf. [Gb. -^]. 

— rrjv olKiav, om. rrjv Sch. Ln. 

Tf [Gb. ^]. 

25. dKovcraaa yap \ dXX' ev^vy 

d/foro". Tf. ^Za;. 

26. rjv fie 77 yvz/j) \ fj be yvvrj -qv 

Ln. Tf 

— '2vpo(f)OLVio-cra X '2vpo<poLVL- 

KLO-aa Sch. Ln. ; Sypa <l>ot- 
VLKLO-aa Tf [Gb.] 

— eK^dXXr] X e'K/3dX77 Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 

— eK Gb. =J ; om. Alx. 

25. 6 fie ^Irja-ovs X *««* I^i- Tf 

— elnevX eXeyev Ln. Tf. 

— KaXbv eo-ri X eorii' KoXbv 

Ln. Tf. JZa:. 

— ^aXelv rols Kvvapiois X ^ois 

Kvv. /SaXeii/ Tf. 



28. yap [Ln.] om. Alx. 

— icrOUl X ia-6iov(jLV Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

29. TO baip.6vL0V €K rrjs dvya- 

Tpos aov X fA: ttjs dvy. crov 
TO daifx. Tf. 

30. TO daifjLOULOV e^eXrfKvdos, Koi 

TT)v OvyaTcpa ^€^\r)fi€vrjv 
iirX Trjs k\lvt]s X t^^ Traidlov 
jie^Xrjjxevov iirX ttjv kXlvtjv 
Koi TO 8aiix6vLov e^eXrjXv- 
66s Ln. txt. Tf. Alx. 
3r.fcat 2t8coi/oy, rjXde X ^Xde 
dm 2ida)V0s Ln. Tf [Gb. ~]. 
Alx. 

— npos X et? Gb. Ln. Tf. Alx. 
32. Koxpov, add. koX Ln. [Gb. t^^]. 

— IxoyiXaXov \ jxoyyikaXov Tf. 

[Gb. cv]. Alx. 
2,i. evOeoos, om. Tf Alx. [Ln.] 

— dLTjvoL^drjcrav X rjvoiyqaav 
Ln. Tf 

36. eiTTWcrii/ X XeyaxTiv Tf. 

— avTos.) om. Ln. Tf. Alx. 

— fj-aXXov, prcem. avTol Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

37. Tovs dXaXovSi om. tovs Tt. 

Chap. VIII. 

1. TrajxnoXXov X ttoKlv ttoXXov 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. e^]. Alx. 

— 6 'lr](T0vs, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf Alx. 

— avTOv, om. Tf. Alx. 

2. Tjfxepas X Tjixepai Gb. Sch.Ln. 

Tf. 

— p.oc, om. Ln. Tf. 

3. Tivks yap X Kai Tii/fs- Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

— paKpodev, prcBm. drro Tf 

— ^Kaai X rjKova-L Elz. ; eZcrt'i/ 

Tf Alx. s. rJKaai. 

4. Ilodcu, prcum. otl Tf 

5. eTTTjpooTa X rjpatTa Tf 

— ftTToi/ X f tVai/ Tf 

6. naprjyyeiXe X napayyeXXeL 

Ln. 'if 

— cipTovs, add. [kol] Ln. 

— napadcocn fnapaTiBcoaiv Ti^. 

Alx. 

7. €t;^oj/ X ft'x"!' Ln. Tf 

— (vXoyrjcras., jiraim. TovTa Ln. 

pvftm. s. add. avTO. Alx. 

— TTupaddvac X Traparfdrjuai 

Ln. 

— Koi avTu. Gb. -♦. 

S. ecfiayov de X '«"'' e'cficiyov Ln. 



29. 



MARK. 

(T7rvpi8as X cr^yptSay Ln. 
01 (payovTes, om. Tf [Gb.=t]. 

evdecos X fi^^i'S Ln. Tf 
€/xj3ay, orfrf. [oOros] Ln. ; a?z<e 

arfp-dov eTTi^T/ret X C'^Tf t cr?;- 

p.e2ov Ln. Tf. ^Za?. 
ep.^as ttoXlv X TrdXti' e/i/3ay 

Ln. Tf. .4te. 
€iy TO TrXotoi/, oj?i. Tf [Gb. 

=5]. .4Za;. ; OTO. TO Ln. 
iSXeTreTe, proem, [/cat] Ln. 
Xeyot-Tey, om. Ln. Tf. ^^Za:. 
e'xopev X exowLV Ln. Tf. 
6 'l7;cro{)s', om. Tf. 
eVt, 0771. Ln. Tf [Gb. ->]. Alx. 
nXrjpeis KXacrp-dTOiv X icXacr. 

TrXrjp. Ln. Tf. ^Zx. 
"Ot? de X Kai OTe Ln. mg. 
eTTTa, afZfi. [apTour] Ln. 
Ot Se ftVoi/ X /fai XeyovcTLV 

avTW Tf. yfZa?. 
Ilcoy, om. Tf. 
ou X ouTTco Ln. txt. Tf. Alx. s. 

7ra)S ovTrco, s. ttcos ovv ovTrco 
epX^rai X epx^vrai, Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. H. Alx. 

Brj6aa'iMv\ Brjddviav Gb. ~. 
i^rjyayev X c^rjveyKCv Tf. 
/3XeVei X ^Xeneis Tf. 
eXeye X eiVei/ Ln. mg. 
OTt ms 8ev8pa 6pa> X wy Sev- 

Spa Elz. Gb. Sch. [St. Gb. <n). 

Alx. et Cst.] 
iireBrjKe X edrjKev Tf 
/cat €7roLr]a-ep avTou dva^Xe- 

yp-ai X /^ai di€^X€\j/ev Tf. 

[Gb. -]. yiZx. s. Koi efe/3Xe- 

dTTOKaTcaTadr] X OTre/caTe- 

aTaOrj Ln. ; aTreKaTecrTr] Tf 
evejBXc'^e X eVe'/SXeTrev Ln. 

Tf. 
drravTas X dnavTa Sch. Ln. 

Tf [Gb. c^]. 
Toj/ oiKov, om. Tov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 
/ij;Se etTn;? Tii/i eV t^ Kioprj^ 

om. Tf. 

avToTs., om. Alx. 
dTreKpidqa-auXflTrnvTL Alx.; 

add. avTco Xeyoures Ln. Tf. 

^Iwdvvrjv, pncm. otl Tf. 
6i/a X OTt cif Ln. Tf ; Alx. s. 
ojf €va. 

Xe'yei avTols X (TrrjpiOTa av- 
16 



Tovy Ln. txt. Tf. [Gb. ~]. 
Alx. 

29. ^AnoKpidels de X Kai diroKp. 

Ln. ; dnoKp. Tf. 

30. Xeycoo-t X eiTTOXTtv Ln. 

31. dno X I'TTO Ln. Tf [Gb. <^]. 

— apxiepecov, proem. Ta>v Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ypaixfiaTecov, proem. t5)V Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

32. avTov 6 IleTpos X o Iler. 

az;T. Ln. Tf. 

33. T&) neVpo), om. Tc5 Ln. Tf. 

— Xeycov X Kai Xe'yei Tf. 

34. ''Oo-Tis X f'l "S" Ln. [Gb. ^j. 

Alx. 

— iXdelv X aKoXov^eri/ Gb. Sch. 

Tf. Cst. [Rec. Alx.] 

35. av X eaz/ Tf 

— dnoXecrr) X dnoXeaei, Tf. 

— TJ^z/ yj/vx^jv avTOV X tt^i' eau- 

Tov x|^ux'7'^ ^t>. Sch. Tf. [Gb. 
-]. 

— ot^TOs, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

36. u>cf)eXr)aei X w(^eXf t Ln. mg. 

Tf. 

— audpconov, prcem. tov Ln. Tf. ; 

avdpoiTTOS Gb. fv. ^Za?. c< Cs*. 
s. ^Za;. TOV civOpcoTrov. 

— idv K€p8r]ar] X Kepdrjarat Tf, 

— Cr}p.La}6fj X lr]p.icodrivai, Tf. 

37. ^ Tt Scofret avdpoiTTOS X ''"4 

yap Tf 

38. aj/ X idv Ln. Tf. 

Chap. IX. 

1. Tcov a)Se X ^Se Ta>v Tf. 

2. /X6^' X p-erd Ln. Tf 

— Toi/ 'lcfL>dvvr)V, om. tov Gb.| 

Sch. Ln. Tf Cst. 

3. iyeveTO X eyevovTO Ln. Tf. 

— ws X''^''' om. Tf. [Gb. =t]. .^Za?.] 

— dvvaTai, add. ovTco Tf. Gb. * 

^Za;. 
^. o-KTjvds Tpels X Tpfif aKTjvds 
Ln. Tf. .^Za;. 

6. XaXT]aT] X XaXr)(T€i Gb. f«. 

C^Z. ; aTTOKpidrj Tf ^Za:. 

— ^o-ai/ yap €Kcf)o^ot X e'c^o- 

/3ot yap eyevovTO Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. r.^]. ^Z.r. 

7. 7X^6 X eyev€TO Alx. 

— Xkyovva., om. Gb. Sch. Tf Alx. 

— avTov aKovcTe X «kou. avrj 

Ln. txt. Tf 

8. dXXd X ft y^T Ln. .<4Za?. 



8. ciSoj', dWa rov ^IrjcrovP jio- 
vov fied' iavTwv X ^ t'^' [Jf-^Ta 
iavr. el fir] tov 'irjcr. fiopov 
Ln. rag. 

g. KaTa^aivovrav Be X Koi Ka- 
ra^. Ln. Alx. 

— OTTO X ^K Ln. 

— dirjyrjcraivTai a ddov X a etS. 

dirjy. Ln. txt. Tf. Alx. 
to. TO, CK V€KpS)V dvacTTrjvat X 
orav CK veKpcJv dvaarfj Gb. 

11. €7rT]po)Tcov X iTrqpa)Tr]uav Ln. 

mg. 

— Xeyovmv, add. ol ^apicrdloi 

Koi [Ln.] 

12. drroKpiOelsj eirrev X e<^7 Tf. 

[Gb. ->]. 

— fiev, om. Tf. 

— aTroKaOLCTTa X OTTOKa^tcrra- 

I'ei Ln. Tf. Alx. s. dnoKa- 
a-rfjaei. 

e^ovdevadrj^e^ovbevrjdfjlin. 
Tf. 

13. rjdeXrjaav X rjOckov Tf. 

14. auToZs' X Trpoy avrovs Alx. 
i^ eii^fcoff X evOvs Tf. JZa?. 

— tScbj/X ihovres Ln. Tf. [Gb.c^]. 

— iiedafx^^dr} X i^e6ap.^ri6rj- 

a-av Ln. Tf. [Gb. c^]. ^Za;. 

16. roil? ypajJifxareTs X clvtovs 

Gb. Ln. txt. Tf. ^te. [Rec. 
Gb. ^]. 

17. drroKpidels X drreKpiSr) avrS 

Ln. Tf. 

— etVe, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx. drre- 

Kpidr] eJs €K TOV ox^ov s. 
dlTOKpiQeis €K TOV ox^ov 

els enrev avro).] 

18. av X iav Ln. ff. 

avTov, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. ^]. 
Alx. 

19. aiiTO) X CLVTols Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf.'[Gb. =5]. 

20. evdeois TO nvevjxa X ro Tn'eu- 

/Ma evdvs Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. 
Alx. 

— ia-TTapa^ev X crvveaTrdpa^ev 

Ln. 

21. Traidiodev, prcem. etc Ln. Tf. 

22. auTov Koi els nvp X 'f«' fts 

TTtip avTov Tf ; (a*Z. to ante 
TTvp Sch. Gb. <*>). 

— hvvacrai X Sui',^ Ln. Tf. Alx. 

23. BvvaaaiX dvvjj Ln. Tf. 
TTio-Tevaai, om. Tf. [Gb. -*]. 



26, 



MARK. 

. Kat evdecos, om. Koi Tf. [Ln.] 

[e^^uff Tf.] 
■ )Liera duKpvcov, om. Ln. Tf 

• Kvpie, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

. TTVevpa TO aXaXov Ka\ Kco- 
(jiov X dX. Ka\ Koxpov TTvev- 
p.a Ln. Tf Alx. 

• aoi, eTTiTacraa) X eTTLTacrora) 

croi Tf 

• e^ X OTJ"' Ln. 
Kpd^av.) Kal TToXXd (rirapd- 

^av X Kpd^as Ka\ ttoX. arira- 

pd^as Gb. Ln. Tf Alx. 
avTOU, om. Tf [Ln.] Alx. 
TToXXovs X Tovs TToXXovs Ln. 

Tf 
avTov TTJs x^i-pos X TTJs x^t- 

poy avTOv Ln. ^Za;. 
cioreX^dyT-a auToz/ X eio-eX- 

06vTOS avTov Ln. ^Za;. 
e7rr]p<i>T(ov avTov kut Ibiav X 

Acar Ibiav iirqp. avTov Ln. 

Tf. Alx. 

OTi X Sia Ti Alx. 
Kal vqcTTeia, om. Tf. 
Kat eKeWev X KaKeWev Ln. 

Tf. 
TrapeTTopevovToX iiropevovTO 

Ln. txt. 

tya Tis X '■*? "'« Elz. 
yv(o X yi'ot' Ln. Tf, 
Tjj TpiTT] Tifiepa X p-eTci Tpels 

riixepas Ln. Tf [Gb. f^]. Alx. 
rjXBev X rjXeov Ln. Tf. 
TT/JOff eavTovSf om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =J]. Alx. 
ev Trj 6S« [Ln.] 
edv X ai/Vis Ln. Tf Alx. 
be^rjTaL X bexqTai Tf. Ln. 

mg. 
'AweKpldr] be X e^^j; Tf ^Za;. ; 

[5e] Ln. 

6 'Icociwi^s, om. 6 Gb. Sch.Ln. 
r(5 ovojxaTi^ •promi. ev Elz.Ln. 

ff Alx. 
OS ovK uKoXovdel rjpHv, om. 

Gb. Alx. 

eKcoXv(Tap.ev X eK(oXvop.ev Tf 
OTt OVK dKoXovdel rjfjuv, om. 

Tf [Gb. =J]. 
vfjLci)V^ VTvep vp,a>v X Jy/^wf, 

VTrep ^/iwi/ Elz. Tf. 
eV TO) 6v6p,aTL fiov X fV oi^o- 

/zart Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 
v/iii/, add. OTt Tf [Ln.] .^Za;. 
aTToXearj \ aTToXecreL Ln. Tf. 
fjiiKpStv, add. TOVToav Ln. JZa?. 
17 



43. Tria-TevovTCiv els ifxe \ rrl' 
(TTIV exdvTCdv Tf. 

— Xidos p,vXik6s X /ivXoff ovc- 

Kos Ln. Tf [Gb. cv]. Alx. 

43. (TKavbaXi^ij X o-KavbaXicTTj 

Ln. mg. 

— (Toi cVri X eVrtV o-e Ln, Tf, 

Alx. 

— KvXXov els Tr]v ^oirjv ela-eX' 

6elv X K^vX. elcreXOelv els T. 
^(orjv Ln. Tf Alx. 

— els TO rrvp to da^eaTov Gb. 

44. ver. 44, om. Tf. Gb. -». Alx, 

45. KaXbVf add. lydp] Ln. 

— eVri aoi X ecTTiv (re Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— els TO nvp TO dar^ecTTOV^ om. 

Tf [Ln.] [Gb. =;]. Alx. 

46. ver. 46, om. Tf [Gb. -]. Alx. 

47. (rot eoTt X eoTtV ae Tf. 

— Tr]V yeevvav, om. ttjv Tf. 

— TOV nvpos, om. Ln.Tf. [Gb.-»]. 

Alx. 
50. dXas X dXa Ln. Tf ^Za?. 

^ Chap. X. 

1. KaKe7dev X '^"^ eKeWev Ln. 

Tf. JZa;. 

— §ia roO TTepav X Kat nepav 

Ln. Tf. JZa?. 

2. ot ^apicraioi, om. ol Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf, 

— eTT-qpoiTrja-av X e7rr]pd)To>v'Lxi. 

Tf JZa7. 

4. eiTTOi' X f wraz/ Ln. Tf. 

— Mcoarrjs eneTpeyfre X erreTpe- 

yjrev M. Ln. Tf Aix. s. M. 
eVerei'Xaro. 

5. Kal dTTOKpiOels 6 ^Irjcrovs X 

6 Se 'iT^croSy Tf JZa?. 

— vfuv^ om. Alx. 

6. 6 Qeos, om. Tf [Ln.] 

>]. Kal 7Tpo(TKoXXrj6r)(TeTai npos 
TTjv yvvoLKa auroO, om. Tf. 

— Trpos TTju yvvoLKa X ffj yw- 

vaiKi Ln. ^Za;. 
8. fjLia (rdp^ X crap^ /xia Alx. 
10. ei/ T^ oiKia X fiS' T'^i' oIkIuv 
Ln.' Tf [Gb. p^]. 

— auroO, om. Tf [Ln.] 

— roi) avTovXrovTov Ln.Tf. Alx. 

— eTrnpaTncrav X eTrnpaToav Tf, 

> \ Y * T 

[I. eav X CIV Ln, 

[2. yvvr) dTToXvcrrj X a^Tij aTTO- 
Xva-aora Tf. 

— yafir]6^ dXX(o X yanrjcrr] dX~ 

Xov Ln. Tf !4Za?. 
21 



13. a;//-. avT. X o^t. dyjr. Alx. 

— eTrerificov to2s Trpoa(f)epov- 

(Tiv X €7r€TLfJia)v avTois Ln. 
mg. 

14. Koi fxfj KcoXvere, om. Koi Gb. 

Sch. Tf. 

15. iav X ai/ Ln. Alx. 

16. r]v\6y€i X ei'^^oyei Sch. Ln. ; 

aura koi €v\. ante ridels Tf. 

19. M77 p.OLxevo'Tjs • fxri (povev- 

(TTjs X M ^ov. prj fioiX' Ln. 
txt. ifiT] (pov. Gb. -►). 

— firjTepa., add. crov Ln. 

— p.T] a.7ro(TT€pr)(rr]s, om. Alx. 

20. ravra Trdvra )( ndv. rav. Ln. 

txt. 

— i(pv\a^ap,i]v X ec^vXa^a Ln. 

— rfor. /i,ou, ofZtZ. ri eVi vcrrc- 

poj ; Alx. 

21. eiVev avrS., add. el OcXeis 

reXeios eivai Alx. 

— a-oi X o-e Tf. 

— Tots TTTCOXOl?, 0»i. ToTff Ln. 

Tf. Gb. =i. Alx. 

— cipas TOP crravpov [Ln.] [Gb. 

^] ; om. ^te. 
24. TeKfa X TCKvla Ln. 

— roT? xprjpacTLv, om. rots Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. =i]. C7s«. 
2^. r^y rpvpoKids rrjSf om. rrjs 
bis Ln. [Gb. -*]. Cst. 

— eldekdelv 1° Os^. X ^ifX^ew 

Gb. Sell. Elz. Ln. txt. Tf. 
Ul(TeXBe7v Gb. c^]. 

27. Se, OOT. Tf. 

— dvdpaTTOLS^ add. [rovro] Ln, 

— ro) Gew, om. ra5 Tf. [Gb. -]. 

— TTovra yap dvvard eari napd 

T(o Geo) Gb. -♦. 

28. Kat rfp^aro, om. Kal Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— Xeyeiu, ante 6 Her. Tf. 

— TjKoXovdT](Tap€U X rjKoXovdrj- 

Kap.€v Ln. Tf. 

29. 'ATTOKpt^eif Se 6 'l770-oCs et- 

nev X f (/>^ o ^lr]cr. Tf. ; om. 
6e Gb. Ln. ; Kal drroKp. Sch. 

— ^ Trarepa, r; prjrepa X ^ /^J^t. 

7) Trar. Ln. txt. Tf. 

— fj yvvalKa, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

-]. Alx. 

— ifiov Kal., add. eucKfU Gb. Sch. 

[Ln.] Tf. 

— firjTepas X p-rjrepa Ln. Alx. 
31. 0? 'ddXciTOL., om. ol Gb. Ln. 

Alx. 
33. roTs ypap.fJUiTevcrt, om. rah 
Ln. [Gb. =?]. 



MARK. 

34. Kal fxacTTiyooaovaLV avrov., 
Kal epnTvcrovaiv avra X 
Kp\ epTTTVcr. avTco Kal p.a- 
(jTiyoKj. avrov Ln. Tf. Alx. 

— anoKrevovcriv avrov., [avrot'] 

Ln. 

— rfj rpirrj ^ fie pa X pera rpels 

Tjpepas Ln. Tf. [Gb. H- Alx. 
S$. ol viol, om. ol Tf. 

— Xeyovres, add. avra Tf. [Ln]. 

Alx. 

— atrrj(TO)pev, add. ae Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

36. TTOiTJcrat pe X fif Troi^crai Tf. ; 

7roLrj(r(o Ln. [Gb. t^]. Alx. 

37. elnov X elnav Ln. Tf. 

— eK de^iav aov X crou ck de^. 

Tf. 

— evodvvpcov crov X dpiarepwv 

Tf. ; [o-ou] Ln. 

38. Acai ro (Bdrrriaa X ^ to jBdw. 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. c^]. Alx. 
39 eiTTOi/ X f wrai/ Ln. Tf. 

— pev, om. Tf. 

40. Kai €^ evoivvpcov X J; e^ f t*- 
coi/. Ln. Tf. Jte. 

— /Ltou, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

42. 6 Se 'lr]crovs iTpoa-KaXead- 

pevos avrovs X k^<^i- Trpoa- 
KaX. avr. 6 'irjaovs Ln. Tf. 
Alx. 

43. eVrat X earLV Ln. Tf. Alx. 

— eav X at* Ln. 

— yevecrQai peyas X peyas ye- 

vecrOai Ln. mg. Alx. 

— diaKovos vpcov X vpa>v Sia- 

Koi/os- Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

44. av X eav Gb. Tf. 

— u/xojy X ^t^ vplv Ln. .4?.r. 

— yeveadai X eti'at Ln. Alx. 

46. epxovrai X epx^Tai Ln. txt. 

— OTTO 'lfpi;^cb X eKeWev Gb. ~. 

— vio? X o uios Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 

Alx. 

— 6 rvcfiXos, om. 6 Ln. Tf. Alx. 

— irpocralroiv X7rpoaairr]s,2^ost 

rvcjiXos Tf. 

47. Na^copaTo? X Na^apjyi/oy Ln. 

Tf. Alx. 

— 'O vlos X '^'■^ I^'J- 

49. avrov (pdiVTqOrjvaL \ cficovr']- 

crare avrov Tf. Alx. 

— eyeipai X eyeipe Gb. Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

50. az/aora? X dva7rr]8r](ras Ln. 

Tf. yite. 
ji. Xeyei avro) 6 ^hjaovs X <^^t. 
6 'l»/cr. 6i7rei/ Tf. Alx. 
18 



gi. Tt SeXets TTOirjao) (TOi X T"* 

o-ot 6eX. noirjcrai Alx. ', 

-'Pa^^oul X 'Pa/3/3ovj/t Gb. j 

Sch. Ln. Tf. I 

^2. evdecDS X evdvs Tf. ' 

— ra> 'lr]crov X at'ra) Gb. Ln. i 

Tf. ^te. 



Chap. XI. 

'lepova-aXrjp X 'lepoaoXvpa 

Ln. Tf. ^Za7. 
61? Brjdcjyayr) Kal Br)6aviav X 

Kai eiy Brjdav. Ln. [Gb. ~]. 
oTroo-reXXei X aTrecrretXev Ln. 
evdecos X ei^^us Tf. 
ovSei?, acM. ovnoa Ln. -4Zar. 
Xucrai'res avrov X Xvcrare 

ai5r6i/ Kal Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 

Alx. 
dydyere X (pepere Tf. [Gb. 

Tt TTOtfire roOro X Tt Xvere 

roi/ TTCciXov Ln. mg. 
''On, om. Ln. Tf. 
evOecos X f^^i'S' Ln. Tf. 
aTTOO-reXei X aTrocrreXXet Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
'ATrrjX&ov de X Kcii dTrrjXdov 

Ln. Tf. 
rov TTcoXov, om. rov Gb. Sch, 

Ln. Tf. 

rrfv Bvpav, om. rrjv Tf. 
everelXaro X eiwev Ln. txt, "jJ 

Tf. [Gb. f^]. i 

fjyayov X (pepovcriv Tf. [Gb, \| 

ene^aXov X eTn^aXXova-iv I 
Gb, Ln. Tf. ^Za;, I 

aurw X auroV Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. J 

Alx. I 

TToXXot 8e X KOI TToXXol Tf. I 

ets rj^y 686v X f'^ '".^ oS<5 Ln. 

mg. Alx. 
aroi[3d8as X o-ri/3a5as Ln. 

Tf. yiZa;. 

eKonrov X K6y\ravres Tf. 
devbpcov X dypa)V Tf. 
KOI earpoovvvov els rrjv oBdv 

om. Tf. 
Xeyo^/re?, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. 

->]. yfZx. 
eV oi^o'pari Kvpiov, om. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
6 ^Irjaovs, Kal, om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. yfZa;. 

Kai 61?, 0711. Kal Ln. Tf. ^Za?. 
paKpoOev, prcem. dnb Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. f^]. 



13- 



13. cvprjorei Ti X Ti €vp. Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

— (pvWa, add. liioval Ln. 

— Kaipbs, prceni. 6 Ln. ; [6 yap 

Kaipbs ovK rjv Tf.] 

14. o 'iT^croCy, om. Gb. Sch, Ln. 

Tf. 

— e/c aov els tov ala>va X ^'^ 

Toi/ ala>va eK crov Ln. Tf. 

— [xr]8e\s X oiSeis Elz. 

i^. 6 'lr;a-ous', o?». Gb. Ln. Tf. Alx. 

— dyopd^ovras, prcem. rovs Ln. 

Tf. 
II]. Xeyoov X KOil eXeyev Tf. ^Za;. 

— avTols.) om. Tf. [Ln.] 

— "On, om. Ln. 

— inoLTjaaTe avrbv X ovrov 

inoirjaaTe Ln. mg. ; Trenoi- 
rjKaTC OUT. Tf. 

18. ypafifxaTeis Koi ol apxi^p^'is 

X ap^;^. /cat ot ypap,. Ln. Tf. 

■»- dnoXecrovcnv X aTToXeVcocrw/ 
Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. Alec. 

— avTov 2° [Ln.] 

— ort Tras X "^ds yap Tf. ..4Za?. 

19. ore X oral/ Tf. Alx. 

— i^erropeveTO X i^^TTOpevovro 

Ln. ^te. 
30. Trpcot TrapaTTOpevofievoi X 

irapanopevop.euoL Trpcol Ln. 

Tf. ^Za?. 
22. 6 'ij^o-oOff, o?». 6 St. & Elz, 

[Gb. ~]. 
33. yap, o?re. Ln. Tf. Alx. 

— 7n(TTei)(Tr] X Trio-revr] Tf. 

— A X o Tf. 

— Xeyet X XaX^T Tf. 

— 6 iav e'lTTTj, om. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

24. ai/, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =t]. ^Za?. 

— Trpocrevxoixevoi, X Trpocrev- 

X^a-de KOL Ln. txt. Tf. ^to. 

— Xafi^duere X iXd^ere Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. 

25. arrjKrjTe X (TTrjKeTe Ln. Tf. 

26. om. ver. Tf. 

— roTff ovpavols, om. rols Ln. 

28. Xeyovcnv X eXeyov Tf. ^Za?. 

— Kai rt? X ^ Tis Tf. Alx. 

— Trjv i^ovcriav ravTrjv ebcoKev 

X edooKev ttju i^ovcriav rav- 
TTjv Ln. Alx. 

29. diTOKpidels, om. Tf. ./iZa;. 

— vp.ds Kayo) X Kayco iip.ds Ln. ; 

om. Koyo) Tf. 

30. ^IcodvvoVy prcem. to Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 



MARK. 

31. iXoyi^ovTO X fiteXoyi^oi/ro 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. Alx. 

— ovv, om. Ln. Tf. Alx. 

32. aXX' eai/ X «XXa Sch. Ln. Tf. 
^[Gb. c^L 

— €(j)o^ovvToX4>(^^ovp.e3a Alx. 

— anavTes X Trdvres Ln. 

— ort ovT(os X ovTcos ore Tf. 

^Za?. (s. om. ovTcos). 

33. Xeyovai ra ^lijcrov X to) 'It^- 

o-oO Xey. Ln. mg. Tf. ^Za?. 

— 6 'ItjotoOs' diroKpiOeh X [otto- 

KpiOels] 6 'irjcr. Ln. .^Za;. ; 
om. diTOKp. Tf. .^Za;. 



Chap. XII. 

Xeyeiv X XaXcii/ Ln. Tf. ./4Za7. 
€(f)VTevo-ev avOpcoTTOs X «i'^- 

e^ur. Tf. 

i^eboTO X e^edero Tf. 
roO Kaprrov X tcoj/ Kaprrav 

Tf. 

ot Se X fat I^n- txt. Tf. 
Xido^oXrjo-avres^ om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. :?]. .^Za?. 
a7re(rreiXai/ r]Tificop.evov X 

rjTifirjaav Ln. Tf. ./4Za7. 
TraXiv, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. Alx. 
Tovs, bis ovs Ln. Tf. Alx. 
diroKTeivovTes X dnoKriv' 

vovTes Gb. Ln. Tf. 
ovv, om. Tf. [Ln.] 
vioi/ exoiv X e'x'"^ ^^o^ ^'^^ 5 

eix'^v vlbv Tf. 
avroi), om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^. 

^Za;. 

Ka\ avrbv.) om. KaX Tf. [Ln.] 
Tvpbs avTovs ecrxarov X '^o'X- 

Trpbs avT. Ln. Tf. 
eirrov X etVai/ Ln. Tf. ; post 

Trpbs iavTOVs Tf. 
avrbv direKreivav X direKT. 

avr. Tf. 
e^e/3aXoj/, ofZcZ. avrbv Ln. Tf. 

.^Za?. 

oyv, om. Tf. 

01 8e X fat Ln. txt. Tf. 
dtddcTKeis, add. etVe ovv ^/zii' 

Ln. 
Krivcrov Kala-api dovvai X 

8ovvai Krjvo-QV Kaiaapi Ln. 
etScb? X l8o)v Gb. ~. 
Ot 5e X [ot 5e] Ln. 
eiTTOj/ X ewrai/ Ln. txt. Tf. ; 

Xeyovaiv Ln. mg. 
Kai dTTOKpiOeis 6 X de Ln. 

Tf. 

avroiy, om. Tf. 
19 



26, 



30. 



'ATToSore rot Kalcrapos X ^a 

KatV. aTTodore Tf. 
eBavp^aaav X edavfia^ov Ln. 

Tf. 
iTTTjpairrjaravX inr] par cov Jan. 

txt. Tf. 
. rcKva X reKvov, post d(j)fj Tf. 
yvvalKa avrov, om. avrov Tf. 

^Za;. 

eTrra, ckZcZ. ovj/ Elz. 
^o-av, ad!fZ. Trap' rjpdv Alx. 
Kal otiSe avrbs d<prJK€ X f"? 

KaraXiTTCOv Tf. Ln. mg. 
eXajSov avrrjv, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

..4Za?. 

Kat, om. Tf. .^Za;. 
ia-xdrr] Tvdvroav dnedave kol 

Tj yvvT) X i'o-xarov navrcov 

Kal T] yvvrj diridavev JjD.,Tf. 

[Gb. cv]. Alx. 
, ovv, om. Tf. [Gb. -»]. Alx. 
orav dvaaraxTi [Ln.] [Gb.^]. 

.^Za;. 
. Kai drroKpiOeLs 6 'lr](rovs 

elnev avrols X ''^4^^ o.vr. 6 

'1770-. Tf. ; dnoKp. Se, s. om. 

Ka\ dnoKpidels Alx. 
. yap,La-Kovrai X yafXL^ovrai 

Ln. Tf. 

ol iv rots, om. ol Gb. Sch, Ln. 
rrjs /Sarou X rov ^drov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
a>s X 7ra>s Tf. 
6 Geoff 'lo-aaK, Kal 6 Geoff, 

om. 6 &is Ln. Tf. 
6 Geoff, om, 6 Ln. Tf. 
Geoff ^(avroiv, om. Geoff Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
up.etff oyv, om. Tf, 
etScoff X tScbi/ Ln, Alx. s. Kai 

I8a>v. 
avrols aTreKpidrj X dircKp. 

avr. Tf. Alx. 
7raaa>v X Trai/rcoi' Gb. Sch. 

Ln.Tf. ; (ivroXr) wpcarr] irdv- 

rcov Tf. Ln. mg.) 
'O 8e ^Irjarovs dTreKpiBr} X 

direKp. 6 ^Irjcr. Tf. Ln. mg. 
avrS, om. Tf, 
7raaa>v X Trdvrcov Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Cst. 
ra>v, om. Gb. 
ivroXa)v\ [ivroXr] iariv} Ln.; 

(ort 7rpa>rr) iariv, "Akov€) 

Tf. [Gb. p^] ; lirdvrcov 7rpa>rrf 

Gb, ~]. 
Kal e^ oX?;ff r^ff diavoias 

aov, om. Tf. 



37- 



38. 



30. avTT) Trparq ivroXr], om. Tf. 

31. Koi bevrepa, om. Koi Tf. [Ln.] 

— ojxoia, om. Tf. 

33. Geo?, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
33. Koi e^ o\t]s TTJs "^vx^js, om. 
Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 

— Tcov Ovatoiu, om. tcdv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

35. icTTL Aa/3iS X A- ^o-Ti Alx. 

36. yap, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

— TO) YlvevpaTL ro), om. rca his 

Gb. Sch. 

— divev 2° X ^e'y" ^^- ^cli' [Rec. 

Gb. <v]. 

— 6 Kuptoy, o?7^. 6 Ln. Tf. 

— Ku^ou X Kadi-a-ov Tf. 

— viTOTTohLOV X VTroKarco Tf. 
GUI', o?n. Tf. [Ln.] Gb.-». ^Zo.-. 
vioy auTOv icrri X avrov ecr- 

Tll/ vtos Tf. 

avrov X ^f T' ^'S- avr. eXe- 
yev Tf. 

40. KareadiovTes X Kareadovres 

Tf. 

41. 6 'iTycrovy, o?)i. Tf. [Ln.] 

42. TiTcoxrj Gb. -♦. 

43. Xeyet X ^Irrev Gb, Ln. ^ir. 

[Rec. Gb. cv]. 

— (Bel^XrjKe X ej3a\€V Ln. 

— (BaXovTCiiv X ^aXkovTOiV Ln. 

Tf. ^te. 

Chap. XIII. ^ 

1. Tcov fxaSrjToiv^ prcem. eK Tf. 

2. 6 'irjaovs uiroKpLdcls X ottok. 

6 ^Irjcr. Ln. ; om. aTtoKp. Tf 

— OLKodopds, add. aprjv Xeyco 

croL (s. vplv) on Alx. 

— dcjiedrj, add. Side Ln. [Gb. i^]. 

Alx.^ 

— Xl'^O) X Xi^ov yiZo^. 

3. €7rrjp<ji>ToiV X eTrrjpcuTa Tf. 

4. EtVe X eiVoy Ln. Tf Alx. 

— TTuuTa ravra X ravra Travra 

Ln. ; raora (jvvt. ttclvt. Tf 

5. dTTO/c^jt^eiS", om. Tf. .^te. (s. 

A:ai aiTOKp. 6 'lr;cr.] 

— avTol^ fjp^ciTO XeyeLU X ^y/-'^- 

Xcy. avT. Ln. Tf 

6. y^p, om. Tf. 

7. uKovcrr]T€ X a/covere Tf. 

— yap, o;«. Tf. 

8. K(u eanvrai, om. K(i\ Tf Alx. 

— Kai €(TOVT(Uy om. Kai Tf 

— Koi T(Lpa)((Uy om. Ln. Tf [Gb. 

-]. Alx. 



MARK. 

9. yap, om. Tf. 

10. fiel 7rpa>T0v X Trpcoroi/ SeiLn. 

Tf 

11. oray fie X /^ct' orav Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

— cxynywcrij/ X ayaxriv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— p,r]8e peXerare, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

Alx. [Gb. =?]. 

— 6 eau X o av Ln. 

12. TrapaScocret fie X fat TTopaS. 

Ln. Tf. ^Z.r. 

14. TO prjOeu VTTO AavLrjX tov 

TTpo(f)riTOV, om. Gb. [Ln.] Tf. 
Alx. 

— iaros X icrrrjuos Ln. Tf. ; 

icTTUiS Elz. 

15. fie, om. Ln. 

— etff r7)v oiKLav [Ln.] 

— elaeXderoi X eicreX^aro) Ln. 

Tf ^?a;. 

— apai TL X Ti apat Tf. 

16. a)j/, o?tt. Ln. Tf. 

18. 77 (Pvyrj v/xcoVj oni. Ln. Tf. 
JGb.=J]. 

19. ^y €KTiar€v X ^i' e'er. Ln. Tf. 

20. Kupios e/coXd/Scocre X i<oX6. 

6 Kvp. Ln. mg. Tf 

21. u/nii^ e 17777 X fiT''?/ ^P-^v Tf. 
-'Ifiov i°'X tSe Tf. 

— 77, om. Tf. [Gb. -]. 

— tfiou 2° X iSe Ln- Tf. 

— TTiarrevcrrjTe X TVicmveTe Gb. 

Sch. Ln. txt. Tf 

22. "^evhoxpicTTOi KOI, om. Tf 

— KOI fict)(rov(rt X TTOLrjaovcrt Tf. 

— Kat Tovs eKXcKTOvSj om. Kai 

Tf. 

23. iSov, 07n. Tf [Ln.] 

24. aXX' X aXXa Ln. Tf 

25. rou ovpavov eaovrai eKTrtV- 

Toz/re? X eaovTai Ik tov ov- 
pavov TTLTTTOVTes'Ln. Tf. Alx. 
(.5. (KTrCTTT.) 

26. ttoXXt}? Kat fid^T/f X 'fC'' So^- 

TToXX. Ln. 

27. avTov 1°, 0771. Tf [Ln.] J?a:. 

[Gb. -]. 

— avTov 2°, o^?^. Tf. 

28. avTTjs fj^T) 6 fcXafioy X V^'H o 

kX. avT. Ln. JAc. 

— yii/coo-Kere X yivcocrxerai Tf 

29. ravra tfi/yre X 'ifi'^Te ravra 

Ln. Alx. 

30. 7r(ii/ra ravra X Tavra Travra 

Tf ylte. 

31. TTcipeXcvaovTai X napeXev- 

(Terai Gb. Sch. Ln. mg. 
20 



31. napeXOooaiv X TrapiXevcrov- 

rai Tf. 

32. KOI r?}? X ^ TTjff Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf 

— ol ayyeXot ol X clyyeXos Tf. 

33. Ktti TTpoaevxeade, om. Ln. Tf. 

34. /cat eKaaTcp, om. Kol Ln. Tf. 

35. d-\|Ae, pram., t] Tf. 

— pecrovvKTLov X pecrovvKTLOV 

Tf 
37. a fie X o Se Ln. Tf. ^to. 

Chap. XIV. 

a. fie X yap Ln. Tf. y4te. 

— 66pvj3os €<TTaL X ^Vr. ^o'p. 

Tf. 

3. Kat o-vi/rpi\//'acra, 077^. Kai Tf. 

— rd dXd^aoTpov X toj/ dXd^. 

Ln. ; r77v dXajS. Tf. 

— Kara, om. Ln. Tf. 

4. Kat XeyovTes, om. Tf. 

5. rovro, add. to pvpov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf [Gb. -]. 

— rpcaKocrtoiv drjvapLOiV X fi'^^'* 

rptaK, Ln. Tf. 

6. els e'p,e X ^^ ^poi Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 

7. avTOVs X avTols Ln. Tf. ^Za;. 

8. ec;(ei/ X '^o'X'^^ ^'^- Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
-- avr?;, 0771. Tf [Ln.] Alx. 

— pov TO crcopa X rd crcopA pov 

Ln. Alx. 

9. djLiJji/, add. fie Tf. [Ln.] J/a:. 

— dv X ^dv Alx. 

— rovro, 0777-. Tf [Ln.] Alx. 

10. 'lovSas d, om. d Us Ln. Tf. 

— eis, praym. 6 Tf. 

— napad^ X Tcapabol Ln. ; (,s/c 

Tf. ^os< avrdi/ [^?a;.]) 

11. evKaipois avrov X avrov ev- 

Kaipws Ln. Tf. ^te. 

— TrapaSo) X napadol Ln. Tf. 

14. eai/ X "I' Ln. Tf. 

— KardXvpa, add. pov Tf. [Ln.] 

Alx. 

15. dj/(oyeov X dvdyaiov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. ; dvu)yaiov Tf 

— erotpov [Ln.] ; 077i. ^to. (s. 

add. Ka\). 

— €Kn, prcem. Koi Tf. 

19. Ot fie, o?7i. Tf. 

— Kud" X Kara Tf 

— Ken dXXos, Mr] ri eyd) ; Gb. 

-. yilx. 

20. dnoKpiQeisi om. Ln. Tf [Gb. 

-]. Alx. 



31 



33- 



36. 



fier ejMov, add. t^v X^^P^ ^^^ 

6 fieu, proam. on Tf. 

rjv^ om. Tf. [Ln.] 

6 'Ij/o-oi)?, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

cf)dy€Te, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

TO TTOTTjpiov, om. TO Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -]. Alx. 
TO TTJs, om. TO Tf [Ln.] [Gb. 

-]. 

KaLvr]s^ om. Tf. [Gb. =J]. Alx. 
Trepl X vrrep Ln. Tf. Alx. 
iKxwofxevov X €KXVVv6lX€V0P 

Ln. Tf. ; to eKxyvv. vnep 

noXkav Tf 

TTico X npoadoo Tnelv Gb. i^. 
yevvrjfxaTOs X yevrjiiaTOS Tf. 

[Gb. e^]. 

eV e/xot, om. Tf. [Gb. =4]. ^Zic. 
eV r^ vvktI Tavrj], om. Tf. 

[Ln.] [Gb. =J]. ^^i». 
diacrKop7n(r6rjcr€Tai to. irpo- 

^aTa X 8t,aaKopTna6r](rov- 

Tai TO. TrpdjS. Ln. ^^a;. ; to. 

TTpo^, dLao-KopTria-Orja-ovTai 

Tf. 

Kal el X eZ Kai Tf. Alx. 
oTi, add. ail Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
eV T7 vvktI TavTT] X Tavrr] 

T^ vvktI Ln. txt. Tf. ^te. 
Tpis dnapv^crrj p.e X Tpis jiie 

dTrapvrjCTT] Ln. Tf. 
6 5e, ocZcZ, Tl€Tpos Alx. 
i< TT€pi(T(Tov X ef Trepicrcras 

Ln. Tf [Gb. H ; ^te. s. 7re- 

pea-o-ajs-. 

eXeye X eXakei Ln. txt. Tf. 
fxaXXov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =?]. 

Alx. 

fi€ dej] X Sej; fi€ Ln. 
ov TO X (p Ln. 
TeBo-rjfiavrj X TedarjixaveiLn. 

Tf ^Z^. 
Toy 'laKCBjSoj', o?w. Tov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf 
/le^' eavrou X /-if' airou 

Ln. Tf 
TTpoikdibv X Trpocrekdoov Gb. 

eireorev X emTTTev Tf 

ott' e'jLioi} Touro X tout, ott' 

e'jLi. Ln. Tf. JZic. 
el(reXdr}T€ X e'A^T^Te Tf 
viTOCTTpe-^as X ttoXw' iXdcov 

Ln. Tf 

vraXti/, OTO. Ln. Tf [Gb. =?]. 
jBe^apTjjjLevoi X naTajBapv- 

vofiepot Ln. Tf. [Gb. <^]. 



45. 



46. 



47. 



MARK. 

40. avTM aTTOKpidaxn X diroKp. 

avTco Ln. Tf. JZa;. 

41. TO XotTTOi/, om. TO Ln. Tf. 

[Gb.=5]. ^to. 

43. evdecos X ei'^t'S' Ln. Tf. 

— 'louSas X o 'louS. 6 Ln. Tf 

(6 ^laKapioiTrjs, s. 'icr/capt- 
Q}Tr]s, s. EKapia)Tr]s Alx.) 

— o)!', om. Ln. [Gb. =?]. ^Zic. 

— TToXvs, om. Tf. [Ln.] ^?a;. 

44. napadLdovs X rrapadovs Ln. 

mg. 

— OTraya-yeTe X ayrayeTe Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

evdeccs X ^v6vs Ln. Tf. 
Xeyet, ok?cZ. outo) Alx. 
pa^^i, om. Ln. [Gb. -*]. Alx. 

(s. x«tpf) 
eV avTov Tus x^^P^^^ avTa>v 

X Tos X^'P' ^'^' f^^Tov Ln. ; 

Tas X^*P" "^Tca Tf. Alo;. 
Tis, om. Ln. Tf. Alx. 

— oiTiov X coTapiou Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

~]. 

— i^^Xdere X e^rjXdaTc Ln. Tf 

49. iKpaTTjcraTe X eKpuTelTe Tf. 

50. Trdi'Te? ecpvyov X '^(l>vyov 

TvdvTes Tf. 

51. ets- Tis veavifTKOs X PeaviaKOs 

Tis Ln. ^te. 
•- rjKoXovdei X <TVvr)KoX. Ln.Tf 
[Gb. ~] ; r]KoXovdrjaev Sch. 
[Gb. ~]. 

— ot veaviaKot, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

=J]. ^te. 
^2. ott' avTcov [Ln.] [Gb. -♦] ; om. 

S3- dpxtepea, add. Kaldcjiav Alx. 

— auro), om. Alx. 

— oi Trpea^VTepoi Ka\ ol ypap,- 

jxaTeTs X ol ypap,. Kal ol 

irpecr^. Ln. 
54. TO (pcbs, om. TO Elz. 
^S. evpLo-KovX XjvpiCTKOv Ln. Tf 

60. TO fieaov^ om. to Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

61. ovdev direKplvaTO X ovk. dire- 

Kpiv. ov8ev Tf. Alx. 

— KaSfjixevov €< Se^icoi/ X f'*^ 

Se^. Ka<9. Gb. Sch. Ln. txt. 
Tf 
64. TTJs ^Xaa(fir][XLa5 X tj)!' ^Xa- 
(Tfp-qjxiav Ln. 

— efi/ai evoxov X evoxov elvai Tf. 
6^. e^aXXov X eXa^ov Ln. Tf 

[Gb. f«] ; ^Za;. s. eXap-lSapov, 
s. e^aXov. 

21 



66. eV T7 auX^^ KaTO) X koto) eV 

T^ auX^^ Tf. 
65. 'iTyo-ou ^cr^a X ^o"^a tov 

'Irjcr. Ln. Tf. 

68. Ovk oida, ovde X otVe olda 

ovTe Ln. txt. Tf 

— Ti av X o-u Ti Ln. Tf 

— /cat dXeKTcop icpd}vr]ae [Ln.] 

69. TraXtz/, om. Tf 

— 7rapecrTr]Koaiv X TrapeaToiaiv 

Tf. 

70. Kat j; XaXta (rou ofioid^ei, 

om. Ln. Tf [Gb. ^]. ^te. 
Jr. o/jLvveiuX ofivvvai Gb.Ln. Tf. 

[Eec. Gb. ~]. 
>]2. eK 86VT€pov, prcem-evOvslun.; 

prcem. evdecos Sch. [Gb. '+']. 

— TOV prjfjiaTOS ov X ^6 prjjxa 

as Ln. Tf. ; TO p^z-ia 6 Sch. 
[Gb. f^]. 

— cjicovrjo-ai bis X bis (fxov. Ln. 

Tf. 

— dTrapvrjar] jxe Tpis X TptV p.e 

dirapv. Ln. Tf. 

Chap. XV. 

1. evdecDS X et'^v? Tf, 

— €771 TO, om. Ln. 

— Ta TLiXaTCp, om. Tea Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

2. enrjpaiTrjo-cv X eTrrjpaTa Ln. 

mg. 

— fiVej/ auTO) X atiTO) Xeyet 

Tf 
4. iirrjpdiTricrev X irajpoira Tf. 

— KaTafiapTvpovcnp X KaTrjyo- 

povaiv Ln. Tf. .<4te. 

7. (jvcTTaaiaaTaiV X aTacnacr- 

Tcbv Ln. Tf. ^Za;. 

8. dva^or]cras X dva^ds Ln. Tf. 
10. TTapabeboDKeicrav X TTapeba- 

Kav Alx. 

12. aTTOKpt^eiy TrdXti/ X ttoXiv 

diroKp. Ln. Tf. 

— etTTCj/ X f Xeyei/ Tf. 

— deXere, om. Alx. 

— ov Xeyere., om. Ln. ^te. 

— /3ao-tXea, prcem. tov Ln. Tf. 

13. €Kpa^av, add. XeyovTes Ln. 

14. KaKov enoLTjaev X eVoi. ko- 

/coV Tf. 

— irepLaaoTepcos X 7repia(rQ)S 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

— €Kpa^av X €Kpa^ov Ln. ^Za?. 
I), evdvovaiv X evbibvcTKOvaiv 

Ln. Tf ^?a;. 



30. 



/3ao-tXeC X o /SacrtXevy Gb. 

Sch. Tf. 
TO. Xbia X ci^Tov Ln. [Gb. 

-]. 

e^dyovaiv X a.yov(riv Ln. 
crraupcBcrcocrii'X oraupcocrou- 

o-ti' Ln. Tf. ^?ir. 
UTT X OTTO Ln. Tf. 
eVi, o(Z<Z. roi' ^?a?. 
TTteli/, om. Tf. 
aravpoicravTes avrovXcrrav- 

povcrtv avTOV Koi Tf. 
dt€jj.epi^ov X Sianepi^ovrat 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
Kai €Tv\r]pu)Brj t) ypacfir} tj 

Xeyovcra, Kat /icra ai/d- 

/icoi' eXoyiadrj, om. Tf. [Gb. 

=5]. 

Ovai X Oua St. Elz. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
€v rpLaiv fjixepais oiKoSo/icoy 

X otKoS. Tpi(r\v Tjp.€p. Ln. Tf. 

(o»i. eV ^te.) 
/cat Kord^a X KaTa^as Ln. 

Tf. 

Se, OTO. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
rou 'IcrpoTyX, o?«. roO Ln. 

7ri(rT€v(rcoiJ.ev, add. avra Ln. 



LUKE. 

33. avTa, prcem. crvu Ln. 

33. Tevop.ei/r]s Be X xal yev. Ln. 

Tf. ^^x'. 

34. TTJ copa TTJ ivvdrrj \ rfj iv. 

copa Ln. Tf. AIx. 

— Xeycov, om. Tf. Alx. 

- Xafi/JLO. X Xe/iot Ln. ; Xa/xa 

Tf. ; Xt/xa a^i. 

- /Me eyKareXiTres X eyKar. fxe 

Ln. txt. Tf. 

35. 'iSov X tSe Tf. 

36. 61$- X TLS Tf. 

- /cat yejMiVay, ow. /cat Ln. 

Tf. 

- Trepidels re, om. re Ln. Tf. 

38. OTTO X aTT Ln. Tf. 

39. Kpd^as, om. Tf. 

— 6 avQpCOTTOS OVTOS X O^''"- O 

aV^p. Ln. Tf. 

40. Tov 'la/cco/Sou, om. Tov Ln. 

Tf. ^?a7. (s. om. t) tov.) 

— ^Icoarj X ^loacrrJTOs Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. cv]. Alx. 

41. at /cat, om. /cat Ln. ; (o?ra. at 

Alx.) 
43. Trpoa-d^^aTOV X Trpoy cra/3- 

$aTOV Ln. 
43. ^X^ei/ X eX^wj; Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

f^]. Alx. 

— UcXdrov, prcem. tov Tf. 



44. TrdXai X 17 S'/ Ln. 

45. crw/xa X TTTcofxa Ln. Tf. 

46. /cat KadeXcov^ om. /cat Ln. Tf. 

— KaTiOrjKcv X Wtjk^v Ln. y(te. 

47. 'icoo-^ X >? 'Icoo-^roff Ln. Tf. 

— Tiderai X redeirai Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. cv]. ^te. 

^ Chap. XVI. 

1. TOV 'la/ca)/3ov, Gb. -» tov 

2. rijy /itas X /^t? to)!/ Ln. 

3. e/c X dno Ln. ^Za?. 

4. dn-o/ce/cvXiarai X dfo/ce/cuXt- 

o-rat Tf. 
i. elcreXdovaai X iXdovaai Tf. 

7. aXX' X dXXd Ln. Tf. 

8. Taxv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— 5e X yap Ln. 

— ovbev, om. Ln. (? erratum.) 

9. ver. 9 ad fin. om. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

— d0' X Trap' Ln. 

10. eKelurj, add. be Ln. 
14. vcTTepov, add. be Ln. 

— €yr]yepix€POV, add. e/c veKpav 

Ln. 

17. ravra 7rapaKoXov6r](Tei\Tra' 

paKoXov6r](T€i TavTa Ln. 

18. /3Xd^/^etX/3Xd^/AJ; Gb. Sch. Ln. 

19. Kvptoy, add. ^Irjcrovs Ln. Jte. 

20. ^Ajxrjv, om. Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. 



Chap. I. 

5. /cat Tj yvvrj avTOV X 'fcti yvvf) 

avTO) Ln. txt. Tf. Alx. 

6. ivaiinov X evdvTiov Tf. 

7. J7 'EXta-df3er ^y X ^i' 'EXt- 

CT-d/3er Ln. ; rjv tj 'EXl(t. Tf. 
ALx. 

8. evavTt X evavTLOV Gb. <^^. yi?x. 
10. ToC XaoC ^i' X '7^' ToC Xaov 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
14. yevvTjo-et X yej/eVei Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
i^.roO Kupt'ou, om. rou Gb. Alx. 
20. TrXrjpcodqa-ovTai X nXTjadfj- 

(Tovrai Gb. ~. 
22. TjbvvaTO X ebvvuTO Ln. Tf. 

25. 6 Kuptoy, om. 6 Ln. 

26. VTTO X OTTO Tf. 

- Na^apeV X Na^ape^ Ln. Tf. 

27. p.fp.UT](rT€Vp.€l/rjvX ffJiVr](TT€V- 

fjLevT]v Ln. Tf. 

28. 6 (iyyfXos, om. Tf. 



LUKE. 

38. evXoyrjiievT] av eV yvvai^iv^ 

om. Tf. [Gb. -]. 

29. tSovo-a, om. Gb. Tf. .^?a;. 

— bierapaxdrj eVt ra> Xdyo) au- 

Tov X eVt TO) Xdyo) bieTap. 
Gb. Tf. ^te. ; dieTapdxdr] 
Gb. t^ ; [tSoCaa buTapd^dr) 
Gb. cv]. 

30. aur^ X Trpoff avTrjv Ln. mg. 

34. e'aTai, add. p-oi Alx. 

35. yevvoi)p.evov, add. e'/c croO [Ln.] 

[Gb. '+']. 

36. avyyevrjs X crvyyevls Ln. Tf. 

— yr}pa X y'7Pf t Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

37. T(o Geo) X ToO GeoO Ln. mg. 

Tf. 

39. Maptdp. X Mapi'a Ln. mg. 

41. ^ 'EXtcrd/3er tov dcnvaapiov 

TTfs Mapias X toJ' oo-tt. r. 
Map. ^ 'EXto-. Ln. Tf. Alx. 

42. (pavfj X /cpauy^.Tf. 

44. eV ayaXXido-ei to ^pecjios X 
22 



TO ^pe(j). iv ayaXX. Gb. 
Sch. 

49. /ieyaXeia X /ixfydXa Ln. 

50. yeveav \ /cat yej/edy Tf. [Gb. 

~] ; [f ts yevedv /cai yevedv 
Gb. ^0. 

55. ety TOV alcova X fi^s alcovos 

Gb. Sch. [Rec. Gb. ~]. 

56. ebaet X t^s Ln. 

59. dySd?; rjpepa X ^f- t,^ oyS. 
Ln. Tf. [Gb. c^]. Alx. 

6t. eiTTOV X ftTTOf Tf. 

— eV Tjj avyyeveia. X ^''^ t^s 

(Tuyyei/eias' Ln. Tf. [Gb. <>>>]. 
Alx. 
62. avTov X avTO Ln. Tf. 

66. Kat ;^eip X '«ai ydp ;)(eip Ln. 

Tf. Alx. 

67. 7rpo€(f)r)T€Vcr€ X eTrpocfirjTeV' 

a-ev Ln. Tf. 
69. TO) oi/co), o?/t. To> Ln. Tf. Alx. 

- ToO Tratfioy, o?m. toO Ln. Tf. 



Jo. Twv ttTT aicovos, om, Tcov Tf. 

Alx. 
74. t5>v e)(6pa)V, mn. Tciv Ln. Tf. 

— rjficov [Ln.] om. Tf. 

55. Tracray raj rjfjLepas X Tracrais 

rals T]fM€pais Ln. mg. 

— tt}? ^o)^?, ora. Grb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 

56. Kai o-i', acZd. 5e Tf. Also. 

Chap. II.^ 

2. T] aiToypaCJirj, om. rj Ln. 

— Kvprjvlov X Kvptvov Ln. 

3. iSt'ai/ X cauTOu Ln. 

4. Na^aper X Na^apa^ Ln. ; 

Na^ape^ Tf. 
g. anoypa^acrdai X oTToypd- 
(peadai Ln. 

— lx€p.vr](TT€vp.evrj X ip.vr](TT€Vjx. 

Ln. Tf J?a;. 

— yuj/atKt, o?n. Ln. Tf. ^tr. 

5. r^ (pdrvT]^ om. ttj Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -]. ^Za;. 
9. Kvpiov 2° Gb. -♦. 
12. ia7vapyava)[ievov.) add. koX 
[Ln.] ^Zx. 

— r^ (pdrvrj, om. Tjj Gb. Sch. 

Ln.Tf. ' 

14. evtoKia X cvdoKias Ln. 

15. Acai oi avBpaTTOL [Ln.] ; om. 

— eiTTOi/ X eXaXoui' Ln. mg. 

16. dvevpov X dvevpav Tf. ; eii- 

poj/ s. evpav Alx. 

17. buyvaipi(jav\iyv6}pio-avJjQ.. 

Alx. 

19. MapidfJL X Mapta Ln. 

20. eirecrTpeyJAav X vnecTTpe-^av 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

21. TO TraLdiov X clvtov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 

— /cat eKkr]6r], om. Koi Alx. 

22. avTcbv X ct^T^S' Elz. ; auTOU 

Gb. ~. 

23. i/d/io), prccm. rw Ln. 

24. vofxco, prcem. ra Ln. Tf. 

— veoaa-ovs X vo<t(Tovs Tf. [Gb. 

~]. ^Za;. 
2^. ^1/ apBpcoTTOS X ai'^P' ^^ I^i^- 
mg. ^ 

— aytoi/ ^v X ^J^ ayto^' Grt>. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
28. avTOV^ om. Tf [Ln.] 
33. ^IaKrr](f) X o ^l(oar)<p Ln. ; 6 

TraTTjp avTOv Gb. Tf. .^4?a;. 

[Rec. Gb. ~]. 

35. he [Ln.]^ 

36. er?7 jMera dvbpbs eirrd X /^era 

ai/fipoy erj/ CTrra Ln. Tf. 



LUKE. 

Alx. ; (s. er?7 cTTTa /x,era 
ai'Spos') 

37. &)$• X f«? Ln. Tf. .4Za;. 

— OTTO, om. Tf. 

38. avTT/, om. Ln. Tf. .^Za;. 

— Kupto) X ©f^ Ln- txt. Tf 

Alx. 

— eV, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. 

39. rr]v TToXiv avTcov X noXiv 

iavTcov Ln. Tf. 

— Na^apeV X Na^ape^ Tf ; ef 

sic demceps. 

40. Trvev[jt,aTi, om. Ln. Tf [Gb.=J]. 

— o-ocplas X (ro<pia Tf. Ln. mg. 

42. dva^dvTcov X dva^aivovTcov 

Ln. Tf. ^Za^. 

— ets 'lepoo-dXi^jUa, o?n. Tf. [Gb. 

=J]. J/:c. 

43. eyi/ct) 'laarjcf) koi rj P'r]Tr]p X 

eyvcocrav ol yovels Ln. txt. 
Tf [Gb. ~]. Alx. ^ 

44. eV Tfj crvvobia eiVai X fti'at 

iv TTJ crvvobia Ln. Tf. Alx. 

— Kol eV, om. eV Gb. Ln. Tf. 

45. auroz/ 1°, om. Gb. Tf. [Ln.] 

Alx. 

— ^T/royvres' X dva^rjTOvvres Ln. 

Tf [Gb. f^]. Jto. 

46. jLt6^' X p-erd Tf. 

48. eiVe, a?«fe Trpos avT., Ln. Tf. 

51. /cai rjXdev Gb. -♦. 

— TTcii'ra ra pr}p.aTa X t. pi^ju. 

Trdtra Ln. txt. Tf. 

— ravra [Ln.] 

Chap. III. 

2. eV X fVi Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— dpxi^epicov X dpxt^p^(os Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Tov Zaxapiov, om. rov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf 

3. rrjv TT<spix(>>pov, om. rrjv Ln. 

Tf. Alx. 

4. \eyovTOS^ om. Ln. Tf. [Gb.^]. 

Alx. 
i. evdsiav X eiidetas Ln. Tf. 
7. ouy X be Alx. 
9. KoXov [Ln.] 

10. TTOLTjaopev X noirjo-cop.ev Sch. 

Ln. Tf [Gb. ~]. 

11. Xeyei X eXey^i' Ln. Tf. Alx. 

12. eiTTOV X etTrai/ Ln. 

— 7roLT]aop.€V X 7iroir}cr<op,ev Ln. 

Tf 
14. Kal lyfierff ri TTOirja-opev X Tt 



7T0iT]a. Kal rjp.. Ln. txt. Tf. ; 
[^Za;.] (jrotrjaapev Tf.) 
14. Trpos avTOVs X aurcls Ln. Tf. 
^Za;. 

16. u/xas", afZ(Z. ets p-erdvoiav Ln. 

17. Kat diaKadapiel X butKaQd- 

pai Ln. mg. 

19. ^iXlttttov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf, 

20. Trpoa-edrjKe Kau, [KaiJ Ln. 

— eV TJJ, om. r^ Ln. Tf. Alx. 

22. a)o-et X <»s Ln. Tf. ^Za;. 

— Xeyovaav., om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

=?]. Jte. 

— TjvboKTja-a X evboKijcra Ln. Tf. 

23. 6 Irjaovs wael ercov rpid- 

Kovra dpxdpevos X o 'l^c. 
dpxdp- (oo'eX ercov rpiaK. Tf. 
Ln. mg. Alx. 

— a)f, fc)y evop.L^ero, vlbs X ^i' 

i^tos (BS- evo/i. Ln. Tf. Alx. 

— ^lcoarj(P, prcem. tov Tf. 

24. Mar^ar X Mar^ai/ Alx. 

— 'lavud X 'lavz/at Ln. Tf. 

26. ToO 2e/Lcei, tov ^IcoarjCJ) X t. 

2e/ieiV, r. 'Icoctt);^ Tf. Ln. 
mg. Alx. 

— 'lovbd X 'icoSa Tf. 

27. 'icoavvd X 'icoarai' Ln. Tf. 

28. 'EX/xa)§a/i X '^Xp-abap. Ln. 

Tf 

29. 'icoo-?} X 'l^crou Ln. Tf. ^Za:. 

31. TOV Ma'ivdu X toO Mevvd 

[Ln.] Tf 

— Nadav X NaSdp Ln. mg. 

32. 'fljS))^ X 'Ia)/3J76 Ln. Tf. 

— Boot X Boos Ln. Tf Alx. 

33. TOV 'Apa/i X ■'"ov 'Abpe7v, 

TOV 'Apvl Tf. ; roC 'Apa/i, 
ro{) 'Icopap, ^Za;. 

— 'Eo-pcb/x X 'E(rpa)i/ Ln. txt, 

Tf. 

35. "Sapovx X Sepov;)^ Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— $aXe/c X ^dXey Tf Ln. mg. 

^Za7. 

36. Ka'ivdv X Ka'ivdp, Tf. 

37. 'lapeb X 'Idpe^ Ln, 

^ Chap. IY. 

1. rTz/eu/iaros 'Ayi'ou TrXrjprjs X 

ttX. Ely, ay. Ln. Tf. JZa?. 

— els TTjv eprjpov X f'l' Tfj ^P^T 

pLco Ln. txt. Tf. [Gb. f^]. Alx. 

2. vaTepoVf om. Ln.Tf. [Gb. =?]. 

Alx. 

3. /cat ewrev X ewrei^ Se Ln Tf 

^Za;. 



, 'ItjctoCs npos avTOV \eycov X 

Trpos avT, 6 'lr]a. Ln. Tf. 

ALv. 

6 avdpOOTTOS, 6 Gb. -». Cit. 
dXX' enl navrl prjjxaTi Qeov, 

om. Tf. 
6 5ia/3oXoy, om. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

ALT. 

els opos vyj/rjXbv, om. Tf. [Ln.] 
iav X av Ln. Tf. 
jLiou X ^pov Ln. Tf. 
7raio-a X Tracra Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

avra eiTTev X etTrei/ avra Ln. 
"Yrraye onicra) pov, '2aTava, 

om. Gb. Tf. [Ln.] AIx. 
yap, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
ILpoa-Kwrjaeis Kvpiov rbv 

Qeov crov X Kup. r. Qeov 

a. TTpoaKvv. Ln. txt. Alx. 
Kai fjyayev \ fjyayev be Tf. 

avTov 2°, OTO. Tf. 
6 vio?, offi. 6 Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf, 
Alx. 

OTi Gb. =J, 
efTrei' avra 6 'It^o-oCj, ow. 

T^v "Sa^apeT, om. ttjv Ln. 

Alx. 
'Ha-aiov rov 7rpo<f)TjTOV X tov 

7rpo(p. 'Ho-. Ln. txt. Tf. 
dvaTTTV^as X avot^as' Ln. ^?a:. 
eveKev X elveKev Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
euayyeXi^fo-^ai X ei'ayycXt- 

aaaOai Ln. Tf. 
IdcraaQai tovs crvvTerpippi- 

vovs TTjv Kapbiav., om. Gb. 

Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 
OL 6(pdaKpo\ rjaav X ^crav oi 

6({ida\pol Ln. Tf. 
Ovx ovTos ecTTLV 6 vlos 'lo)- 

(TT)<p X ov)(). 6 vlos ecntv 

'la>aT](f) ovTOS Tf. Ln. mg. 

Alx.; {ov)(\ Ln. txt.) 
cV Trj Kanepvaovp X f'S' K.. 

Gb. Ln. Tf. AUc. (s. iv). [Rec. 

Gb. cv], 

eVi cVt;, owi. eVi Ln. 
IdpeTTTa X 2ape(fiOa Tf. .(4te. 
2iSa)i/oy X SiSwi/i'ay Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -v]. Alx. 
em ^E\i(TcraLov rov npocfyf)- 

TOV ev Ta> ^IcTparjX X ei' tw 

'icrp. cVi 'EXtcr. rov npocf). 

Ln. Tf. Alx. ; CEXtaaiov 

Ln.) 



LUKE. 

27. Nee/iar^XNai/iat'Ln. Tf. ./4/ic. 
29. r^y ocPpvos, om.TTis Gb, Sch. 
Tf 

— avTcov coKoboprjTO X (OKobofi. 

avTcov Tf. 

— €is TO X ioare Gb.Ln. Tf. Alx. 
34. Xeycov., om. Tf. 

3<. e| X a7r' Ln. Tf. [Gb.~]. Alx. 

— TO peaov., om. to Gb. Cst. 

38. eK X OTTO Tf. [Gb. ^]. Alx. 

— ^ nevdepd, om. rj Gb, Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

39. rrapaxprjpa be X koX irapa- 

XpvpaJun.mg. 

40. eniaels X ^niTiOeXs Ln. txt. 

Tf. Alv. 

41. Kpd^ovTa X Kpavyd^ovTa Ln. 

Tf. .^te. 

— 6 XpcaTos, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. 

42. e^r]TOvvX eiTe^r]T0vv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

43. /xf bel X SeT />ie Ln. 

— els TOVTO X eVi tovto Ln. 

Tf. ^te. 

— aTreaTaXpai. X aTreo-raX?;!/ 

Ln. Tf. Alx. 

44. eV raly crfraycoyaty X f'$' 

Ta? crui/aycoyas Tf. Alx. 

— Tris TaXiXaias X t^? 'Iou- 

Chap. V. 

I. TOV cLKoveiv X fa I a/cou. Tf. 

Ln. mg. Alx. 
2.bvo nXoXa X TrXoiapia bvo 

Ln. mg. ; Si;o irXoidpia Tf. 

— a7rO;Safres ott' avTcov X ott' 

OL^r. a7ro/3. Tf. Alx. 

— dnenXwav X enXwov Ln. 

Tf. ; errXwav Gb. ~. .^?a:. 
3. ToO 2ip(ovos, om. tov Ln. Tf. 

— Kal KadlaasX nadiaas be Tf. 

Ln. mg. 

5. 6 2ipa)v, om. 6 Tf. 

— r^y WKTOf, o?ft. T^y Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

— TO biKTVov X TCI biKTva Ln. 

mg. 

6. Ixdvcov TrXrjBos X TrX^^oy 

Ix^vayv Gb. Sch. 

— biepprjyvvTO be to biKTVOv X 

bLeppTjcreTO be to. biKTva 
Ln. mg. ; biepTjaeTC be to 

blKTVOV Tf. 

7. rots' eV, om. toIs Tf. [Ln.] 

24 



8. TOV *1t)(tov., om. TOV Ln, Tf. 

10. 6 'irjaovsj om. 6 Tf. 

11. anavTa X 7rai/ra Ln. 
13. elncov X Xeycov Ln. .<4Zjr. 

15. vtt' aurov, o;«. Ln. Tf, [Gb. 

=t]. ^te. 
17. ^apLcraloi, prcem. 01 Ln. 

— eXr}Xv66T€s X o-vj/eX7;Xi'^o- 

rey Ln. txt. Alx. 

19. Sta TToias, om. bia Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

20. avro), o?ra. Gb. Ln. Tf. Alx. 

(s. TO) TrapaXvTiKO)). 

21. d^levai dpaprias X dpap- 

Tias dcpelvai Ln.txt.Tf. ^te. 

— pLOvos X fif •^'•^• 

22. dnoKpideh., om. Ln. 
23."Eyetpat X ^y^ipe Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
24, e^ovaiav e^^ft 6 vtos rov dv- 
dpanov X o vlos tov dv6p. 
e^ovaiav ex^t Tf. Ln. mg. 

— napaXeXvpevco X napaXvTi' 

K6) Ln. [Gb. f^]. Alx. 

— eyeipai X eyetpe Gb. Sch.Ln. 

Tf. 
2^ e(j) w X e(i>' o Tf. [Gb. ^ 
Alx. 

26. KoX eKCTTacris eXa^ev dnav 

Tos Kal ebo^a^ov tov Qeov, 
om. Alx. 

27. ededauTO X eibev Ln. mg, 

28. dnavTa X TrdvTa Ln. .<4te. 

— TjKoXovdTjaevX^KoXovdeiLn. 

txt. Tf. 

29. 6 Aevi?, om. 6 Gb. Sch. Ln, 

Tf. Alx. 

— TeXoivoJv noXvs X ttoXvs re- 

Xciovcov Ln, ^te, 

30. ot ypappaTets avTcov Kal ol 

^apicraloi X 01 ^ap. Koi ol 
ypap. avTwv Ln. Tf. Alx. 

— peTci, add. tcov Gb. Sch.Ln.Tf. 

— Koi c'tpapTcoXcbv., om. Tf. 
3i.aXXa X aXX' Ln. Tf. 

33. einov X elirav Ln. Tf. 

— Atart, om. Tf. ^te. 

34. 6 6e, a<^W. 'iT^croCy Alx. 

— VTjaTeveLU, om. Alx. 
3$. Kal OTav X [Kal] Ln. 

36. eTTL^Xrjpa., add. dno [Ln.] Tf. 
[Gb. ~]. Alx. 

— KaLvov, add. trp^icras Tf. [Gb. 

~]. Alx. 

— crx'iC^i. X crxiVei Ln. txt. Tf. 

Alx. 
~ crvpcPcovel X avp(f>cov^(Tei Ln. 
Tf. ^to. 



36. em^Xrjfia, om. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

Cst. ; prcem. to Alx. 
37- P'?!" X p^(yo-€L Ln. mg. 

— 6 veos' oivos X o oiVoff 6 vios 

Ln. Tf. ^Zx. 
38. Ka\ dficporepoL avvTqpovv- 
Tai, om. Tf. [Gb. -]. ^te. 

— evdecos, om. Tf. ^Za;. 

Chap. VI. 

1. devTepo7rpa)Ta>, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

Alx. 

— roil/ (r7ropip.(av, om. rcov Ln. 

Tf. 

— X^P<^h '^f^- avTcov [Ln.] 

2. aiTOiy, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb.-]. 

Alx. 

— Tvoielv eV, om. Ln. Tf. Alx. 

3. Trpoff avTOvs eiTvev 6 Irjaovs 

X 6 'Irjcr. eiTreu Trpbs avrovs 
Ln. Alx. 

— OTTore X oT€ Ln. Alx. 

— oz/res-, om. Ln. ^Zs:. 

4. ©s, om. Tf. [^Za;.] ; ttSs Ln. 

txt. [Alx.'] 

— eXa/Se, koX Gb. -, [o?ra. ^Za?.] ; 

Xa^cbv Ln. [^Za;.] 

— Koi TOtff, o?/i. Kai Ln. Tf. Alx. 

6. Kol €V, om. Koi Ln. Alx. 

— efcei avOpcoTTOS X aV^p. e/cei 

Tf. ^Zo;. 

7. TrapeTrjpovv X TzaperrjpovvTO 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. e^]. ^Za:. 

— avTov, om. Sch. Ln. [Gb. =J]. 

— OepanevcreL X depanevei av- 

TOV Alx. 

8. Kai etTre X ewrei' be Tf. Ln. 

mg. ^Za:. 

— rco dvdpanrcp X tm dvbpl Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. ^zk 
-"EyeipaL X eyetpe Gb.Ln.Tf. 
.4Za;. 

— 'O Se X fcii I^n. Tf. ^Za:. 

9. ouj/ X Se Ln- Tf. Alx. 

— 'EyrepcoTT^cra) X ^TrepcoTU) Tf. 

^Za?. 

— Ti X et Ln. Tf. 

— To79 ad^^aa-iv X tw a-aj8- 

/3ara) Ln. txt. Tf. 

— aTToXeVai X aTTOKreti/at Gb. 

Sch. [Rec. Gb. t^]. 
10. T(o dvdpayrrco X avrat Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. [Kec. Gb. ~]. 

— iTToirjcrcv X iieretve Gb. o^. 

Alx. 

— ourco, o??i. Gb. Cst. 

— drroKaTeaTddr) X aTreKare- 

(rrddr) Gb. Ln. Tf. Alx. 



LUKE. 

, uyijyy, o?rt. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
a>s T) oXXt], om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. 

t*^]. Alx. 
, TTOirjo-eiav X TTOirjcraiev Ln. 

^Za;. 
, i^ffkdev X e^eXdelv avrbv 

Tf. [Gb. f^]. ^Za:. 
, 'laKa)/3oi/, prcem. Koi Ln. Tf. 

^Zx. 
^iXlttttov, prcem. Kal Ln. Tf. 

^Za:. 
Mar^atoj/j prcem. Koi Ln. Tf. 

^Za;. 

roi' rou, om. Tf. Alx. 
^iovdav, pi'cem. kol Ln.Tf. Alx. 
^IcTKapLoonjv X ^laicapiood Ln. 

Tf. 

OS /cat, OOT. Kal Ln. Tf. 
6xXovp.€voi X evoxkovfievoi 

Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^Za;. 
VTTO X aTTO Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
Kal idepanevovTO^ om. Koi 

Ln. Tf. Alx. 

e^r]T€C X e^TjTOVv Tf. Ln. mg. 
jjLLarja-aKnvX fiio-rjcroiicnv Ln. 

mg. 

ej/e/ca X evsKev Ln, 
Xaipere X X'^PV'^ ^^- S<^^' 

Ln. Tf. 
ravra X to atira Ln. txt. Tf. 

Alx. ; ravTCL Ln. mg. [Gb. «^]. 
ep.7r€7r\rj(riJ.euoL, add. vvv Alx. 
vfuv, ol yeXcovres X vp-^v, om. 

Tf. [Gb. -]. Alx. 
vpTiv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
TTavres, om. Gb. Sch. 
ravra X to. avrd Ln. txt. Tf, 

Alx.; Tavrd Ln.mg. [Gb. c^j]. 
'AXX' X oXXa Ln. Tf. 
vp.lv X vp-ds Gb. Sch. Ln. txt. 
Kal npocrevx^o-de, om. Kal 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
VTrep X nepl Tf. 
Se Ta [Ln.] ; om. Se Alx. 
Kal u/xet? [Ln.] 
;(apt? ecTTL X eVrti' X"P^^ I^^- 
bavei^TjTe X bavela-Tjre Ln. 

txt. ; fiai'e/^ere Tf. Ln. mg. 

[Gb. <^], 

drroXajBelv X Xa/3eti/ Tf. 
yap, om. Tf. 

Oi, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ::^]. Alx. 
dTreXTTL^opTes X d(peXTri^ov- 

res Ln. 
noXvSf add. iv Tols ovpavols 

[Ln.] 
roO vy\rLaT0v, om. rod Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf, 
25 



36. oyj/, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =t]. ^Za;. 

— Ka6a>s Kal, om. Kal Tf. [Ln.] 

Alx. 

37. Aral Oil firj X ti'a /i?) Ln. txt. 

— p.r} KaraSt/ca^ere, ^cem. Kal 

Tf. ^Za;. 

38. Kai aecaXevpievov Kal om. 

Kal bis Ln. Tf. 

— V7repeKxvv6p.evov X virepeK- 

Xwvopevov Ln. Tf, 
•- rm yap olto) perpcp a X a 
yap jxerpo} Ln. txt. .^Za?. 

— dvTip,€TpT]6T)(reTaL X P-^^PV 

drjaerai Ln. mg. 

39. EtVe Se, add. Kal Ln. Tf. ^Za:. 

— TrecroCj/raiXf'P'^fO'owraiLn. 

txt. Tf. .^Za;. 

40. dibda-KaXov avroVf om. avrov 

Ln. Tf. Alx. 

42. ^ TTcoj, om. ^ Tf. 

— e/c/3aXeTi/, ^osf rou dbeXcfiov 

(TOV Tf. 

43. ovde, o^cZ. TraXtv [Ln.] Tf. 

Alx. 

44. rpvyaai aracjivXrjv X (rracp. 

rpvy, Tf. Alx. 

45. avdpanros 2°, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

[Gb. =?]. ^Za;. 

— 6-qa-avpov TTjS Kapbias av- 

rov 2°, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb, =t]. 
Alx. 

— TOV 7repta-a-evp,aTos rrjs, om. 

TOV et TTJs Ln. Tf. Alx. 

— XaXet TO arop-a avTOv X ''"o 

aropa avr. XaXei Ln. [av- 
rov Gb. ->]. 

48. redepeXicoTO yap enl rrju 

Trerpav X bid to KaXas ol- 
Kobojieladai avrrju Tf. Alv. 

49. olKobop-TjaavTiX oiKobop.ovv- 

ri Ln. 

— evOeois X ^v6vs Tf. 

— eireae X crvveTvecrev Tf. Alx. 

Chap. YII. 

I, 'Errei Se X eVetSj) Ln. Tf, 
4. napcKoXovv X rjp<^Ta>v Alx. 

— Xeyovres, add. avTw Alx. 

— Trape^ei X '^ctp^^U L"- ^f, 

Alx. 

6. 6 eKarovrapxos (piXovsX^^^- 

Xovs 6 eKarovT. Tf, Ln. mg, 
Alx. 

— elp.L LKavbs X iKavos elpu Tf. 

Ln. mg. 

— VTTO rrjv crreyrjv p.ov X pov 

VTTO r. (TTey. Alx. 

7. laOrjcreTai X laO^jro) Tf. 



9. ovBe X ovT€ Cst. 

10. oi 7refjL(f)6evT€s els tov oTkov 

X els TOV gIkov ol Trefxcf). Lu. 
Alx. 

— dadevovvra, om. Ln. \_Alx.'\ 

11. T^ e^rjs X T^ e^^s Ln. mg. 

[Gb. <^]. at ' 

— iKavol [Ln.] [Gb. -]; om.AIx. 

12. Te6vT]KU)s [Ln.] 

— utoy fjLOvoyevTjs )[ fiovoy. vlus 

Tf. Ln. mg. 

— avrr}^ add. rjv St. Ln. Alx. 

— Ikovos rjv., om. rjV St. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =t]. Cst. 
1$. dveKadiaev X eKcidcaev Ln. 
mg. 

— edcoKev X aTreSco/cei/ Ln. mg. 
i6. dnavras X Travras Gb. Sch. 

— iyrj-yepraL X VJ^P^^ ^^- 1^- 

17. eV Tracr?; X f^* [Ln.] 

19. ^lr]crovv X Kvpioj/ Tf. Ln. mg. 

20. elirov X etVat' Ln. Tf. 

— dXKov X erepov Alx. 

21. 'El* avr^ X ^v eKeivT] Tf. Ln. 

mg. Alx. 

— be^mi. Ln. Tf. 

— TO iSXeVeiy, ow. TO Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =t]. Cd. 
32. 6 'iT/croOy, 07?i. Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 

— OTL ru^Xot, om. on Ln. ^te. 

24. 7rp6? Tovy o;^Xoi;s X Tot? 0;^- 

Xoi? C'i-^. 

— e^eXrjXvdare X e^rjXdare Ln. 
^[Gb.-]. 

25. e^eXrjXvOare X e^rjXdare Jun. 

[Gb. ~]. ^te. 

26. e^eXijXvdare X e^rjXdare Ln. 

[Gb.ro]. J?^. 

27. eyo), om. Ln. Tf ./4Za;. 

28. Ae'yo) yap, om. yap Tf. ; dfjLrjv 

Xeyo), s. Xe'yo) 6e, s. Xeyco 

— TTpocpTjrqs^ om. Ln. [Gb. -»]. 

— TOV BaTrrtoTToO, otn. Tf. [Gb. 

-]. yite. 
SI. eine 8e 6 Kvpios., om. Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf 

32. Koi Xeyovaiv )[ Xeyovres Tf. 

Alx. 

— v/xti/ 2°, om. Alx. 

33. dpTov eadicov X eadcov lip- 

Tov Ln. Tf ; [upTOV Gb. -* ; 
o;rt. yfte.] 

— oii/oi/ nivoiv X TTivuiV olvov 

Ln. Tf ; [0^1/01/ Gb. - ; otn. 
Alx.} 



LUKE. 

34. ecrdicov X eaOcov Tf. 

— TcXcdvcov (pCXos X (jiiXos T€- 

Xoovcov Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

35. Tcov TeKvav avrrjs ndvTOiv X 

Traz/rcoi' r. re/c. aCr. Ln. Tf ; 
{.TTavTcov Gb. -♦ ; om. Alx.] 

36. TT]v oiKiav X Toy otKoi/ Ln. 

Tf Alx. 

— dueKXidr] X KareKXiBr] Ln. Tf. 

37. eV r^ TToXet, jJ't'i? rjv X '7^15' 

^1/ eV T^ TToXci Ln. txt. Tf. 

— €7riyvovaa, prcem. koX Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. Alx. 

— dvaKeirai X KaraKetTai Ln. 

Tf. ^te. 

38. Tvapa Tovs irodas avrov ottl- 

aco X oTTLcra) napd tovs no- 
das avTOv Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— To7s daKpvcn, ante ijp^aTO 

Lu. Tf. Alx. 

— i^ep.a(T(re \ e^epa^e Alx. 

40. (pr]cri, AiddanaXe, eiVe X 

AtS. eiVe, cf)r]ai.v Tf 

41. xP^(^^^i^^To.i X X/^fo^^*^^'" 

rat Ln. Tf. 

42. 5e, om. Tf. [Lu.] Gb. r>. ^/a^. 

— fiVe, om- Ln. [Gb. -»]. Alx. 

— avTov dya7rr]o-€L X ayaTTTjcrfi 

avTov Ln. Tf. ./i^^. 
43- Se 1°, om. Tf [Ln.] Alx. 

44. eVt Tou? TTodas fxov X /^o* 

eVi 7r68as Tf 

— r^s- KeCJiaXrjs, om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

45. elarjXdov X darjXdev Gb. ^5. 

— /xou rot's TrdSa? X tovs nod. 

fiov Gb. Ln. [Gb. -]. 

46. /iou TOVS nodas X Touy tto'S. 

p.ov Ln. Tf 

47. ai ap-apTLai avTtjs X aur^ ai 

dpap. Ln. 
49. ovrds' fo-rii' X eaTiv ovtos 
Ln. ^te. 

Cii.^p. VIII. 

3. auroj X avTols Sch. Tf [Gb. 
-].' 

— dno X e< Ln. Tf. [Gb.~]. Alx. 

5. avTOv X eauroO C'a<. 

6. eneaev X KaTeneaev Tf. 

8. eVt X et? Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

9. Xeyoi/rey, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -♦]. 

Alx. 
li.ad fin. add. ravTa, Xeycov 

ec^covet, 'O e\(ov a>ra d/cou- 

ftj/, u/coueVo) Cat. 
16. Xu^i^iay X TJ^i/ Xv^i'iaj/ y(i.c 
2G 



16. iniTidrjaLV X Tidi]aiv Ln. Tf. 

17. oy yva>aOr](T€TaL X ov ^17 

yvoiaOfj Ln. 

18. yap ai^ X az/ yap Tf. 

20. Ka\ dnrjyyeXr] X dirqyyeXr) 

de Ln. Tf. ^te. 

— Xcydt-rcoi', om. Ln. ^Zo:. 

21. Trpos avTovs X ci^toIs Ln. 

txt. 

— avTOV, otn. Gb. Ln. Tf. ^Za-. 

22. Kat iyeveTO X eykveTO he 

Ln. Tf. ^te. 

— eVf3?7 X ai^e/377 Tf. 

23. dvep.ov, post Xip.vr]V Ln. mg. 

24. eyep6e\s \ bieyep6e\s Tf. Alx. 
2i. ecTTLV, om. Ln. Tf. Alx. 

26. Ta8apr)va)v X Tepacnjvcov Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. 0^]. ^te. (s. Tcpye- 
arjvoiv). 

— dvTinepav X dvTinepa Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. 

27. e/c xpovoiv LKavwv X ^at XP^'" 

I/O) tKaj/o) ^Za?. 

28. /cat az/aKpd^aff, om. /cat Lu. 

Tf. Alx. 

— 'l7;cro{) Gb. -• 

— Tov Qeov Gb. -♦. 

29. IlapT^yyetXe X naprjyyeXXev 

Ln. Tf Alx. 

— ibea-pelTO X eheap-eveTO Tf 

— dLappT]cr(r<x>vXdiapT]cr. Ln. Tf. 

— daip-ovos X baip^ovLov Ln. txt. 

30. Xeycuv, om. Ln. 

— eVriy ovop.a X ovop.d icTTiv 

Ln. ^Za;. 

— baipovia noXXd elarjXdev X 

elcrrjXd. daip., noX. Ln. Tf 

31. Trape/cdXet XnapeKoXovv Ln. 

[Gb. c=^]. ^Za;. 

32. l3ocrKop.eva>v X ^oaKopLevq 

Ln. txt. ylZar. 

— napeKaXovv X napeKaXeaav 

Ln. Tf ^Za;. 

33. elcrrjXOev X elarjXBov Sch. 

Ln. Tf [Gb. c^]. 

34. yeyevrjp.evov X yeyovos Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— aTreX^dyrey, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

35. Kadrjpevov tov dvdpanov X 

rdi/ dvOptonov Kadrjp.evov Ln. 
mg. ^ ^ ^ 

36. Kal 01 Idovres, om. Kal Ln. 

[Gb. =:]. ALT. 

— 6 bcup-oviaOeis Gb. =J. 

37. T]pdiTr](rav X rjpa)Tr](r€v Ln. 



37- Tabaprjvav X Tepacrrjvav Ln. 
Tf. Alx. is. Tepye(rr)va)v). 

— TO TvKoiov, om. TO Ln. Tf. Alx. 

38. ideeTO X edee^TO Ln. 

— e^eXrjXvdei to. baipovia X to. 

daifi. e£eX. Ln. mg. ^to. 

— 6 'Irjaovs, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. 

=J]. ^to. 

39. eTTOLTjaeu aoi X o-ot eVoi. Ln. 

Tf Alx. 

40. eyevcTO Se ev ro X ^'^ Se ro) 

Alx. 

— v7ro(TTp€-\j/'ai X vrroaTp€(f)€Lv 

Ln. mg. 

41. avTos X oiiros Ln. txt. ^te. 

42. 0)? X wf^ft .^Z*. 

— 'Ev Se T(5 virdyeiv X 'cai e'ye- 

j/ero eV rw TTopevea-dai Ln. 
Tf. ^Z». 

— avverrviyov X (rvvedXi^ov 

Alx. 

43. etff larpovs X lorpots Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf 

— /Si'oi/, a(M. avrjjs Ln. 

— w X an Ln. Tf. 

45. p,€T avTov X o"'^^' avroj Gb. 

Ln. Tf Alx. 

— Koi Xeyeis, Ti's 6 dyj/dfjievos 

fxov ; Gb. -» ; om. Alx. 

46. 'ljycro£!s Gb. =J. 

— e^eXdova-ap X e^eXrjXvdv^av 

Tf. 

47. avTo), o?/i. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

48. Qdpo-ci, om. Ln. Tf [Gb. -*]. 

Alx. 

— OvyaTep X dvydTtjp Tf. 

49. Trapa X avro Ln. 

— aiTO), 07?i. Tf. Alx. 

— fxr) X p-rjKeTL Ln. 

io. Xiyoav, om. Ln. Tf. Alx. 

— TTLO-Teve X mo-Teva-ov Tf. 

SI. EtVeX^o)!/ X A^o)?' Gb. Sch. 
Ln. 

— ovbeva X Tiva avv avra Ln. 

Tf lAlx.'] 

— ^ldK(oj3ov Koi 'l(odvvr]v X 'l«- 

a:/. /cai 'lax. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
32. ovK X ou yap Ln. txt. Tf. Alx. 

— dnedavev^ add. to Kopdaiov 

Alx. 
i4. cK^aXmu e^o) ndvTas, Koi, 
om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -»]. Alx. 

— iyelpov X eyeipe Ln. Tf. Alx. 

Chap. IX. 

I. jxadrjTas avTOV, om. Gb. Tf. 
Alx. (s. aTTOOToXovs). 



LUKE. 

2. daBevovvTas X acr^eveis' Ln. 

Tf [Gb. ^3. ^te. 

3. pd^dovs X pd^bov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
5. 8e^a)VTat X de^avTai Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. ^]. ^te. 

— Kai roi/, OOT. Koi Tf. [Ln.] ^te. 

7. ycvofieva X yeuopeva Ln. mg. 

— vtt' avTov, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. 

=?]. ^Za;. 

— eyrjyepTai X VY^P^^ ^''^- T^- 

8. eis X Tt? Tf. Alx. ; (s. om. eJs). 

9. Kai ewrej/ X ewrei/ 8e Ln. Tf. 

~ 6 'HpcoS?;?, ow. 6 Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

10. TOTTOV eprjiJLov TToXecos KoXov- 

pevrjs X TToXiv KaXovpevrjv 
Tf [Gb. ~] lAlx.'i ; [els TO- 
TTOV ep. Gb. c=^]. [Alx.] 

11. be^dpevos X dTTobe^dpevos 

Ln. Tf. Alx. 
13. aTreX^oVres' X TTopevOevTes 
Gb. Ln. Tf. [Rec. Gb. <v]. Alx. 

— Tovs dypovSf om. tovs Alx. 

13. vpels (payelv X <pay. vpels 

Ln. Tf. 

— eLTTOV X etTTaz/ Ln. Tf. 

— 8vo txOves X Ix^ves dvo Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

14. KXta-'ias^add. [axrei] Ln. [Alx.l 

15. dveKXcvav X KaTeKXivav Alx. 
t6. TrapaTidevai X Tvapadelvai 

Tf. 

18. pa6r)T(u, add. avTOV Alx. 

19. ewrov X fwrai/ Ln. Tf 

20. ^ATTOKpiOels be 6 UeTpos X 

n. Se aTTO/c. Tf ^Za;. ; drroK. 
be n. Osi. 

21. eiVety X Xeyeti; Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] [Rec. Gb.~]. 
32. eyepdrjvai X dvatJTrjvat Ln. 
Tf. [Gb. cv^]. [^Z«.] 

23. eXQelv X epxeadai Gb. Ln. 

Tf. [^Z;r.] 

— aTrapvrjcrdcrdo) X apvijcrdado) 

Gb. Ln. Tf ^Za?. 

— Kai aparo) roi/ aTavpou av- 

Tov Gb. ->. 

— /ca^' rjpepav, om. Sch. Ln. 

[Gb. =J]. 

24. ai/ X fcti' Csi- 

37. Q)Se X avTOv Tf. 

— eaTTjKOTCaV X ^(TTOiTCOV Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— yevcrovTai X ycixrcovTUi Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
27 



38. Kai TrapaXa^av X [Kat] Ln. 

— rov IleTpov^ om. top Gb. Sch, 

Ln. Tf. 

— ^ladvvrjv kcu 'laK&)/3oi/X 'laK. 

Kat 'Icodi'. Tf [^Za;.] 
31. eXeyov., add. [be] Ln. 

33. 6 nerpoy, o?re. 6 Cst. 

— (TKrjvcis Tpe7s X Tpels (TKqvas 

Alx. 

— Mcoo"f t piav X /Miaz/ Mcoucrei 

[Gb. Sch.] Ln. Tf 

34. eTreaKLacrev X eTrecTKia^ev Tf. 

Ln. mg. 

— eKelvovs elcreXdelv X elaeXd. 

avTovs Tf. 
33. aya7r?7ros' X eKXeXeypevos Tf. 
[Ln. mg.] [Gb. ~]. [Alx.] 

36. 6 'It^ctoCs, om. 6 Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

^]. [Alx.] 

— ecopdKaaLv X ecopaKav Tf. 

37. ej/ T^, om. ev Tf. 

38. dve^6r]a€ X e^orjcrev Ln. Tf. 

— €7r ilSXeyj/op X ini^XeyJAaLGh. 

Sch. Tf. 

— eoTi ^01 X A^oi ecrrtt' Ln. Tf. 

[JZ*.] 

39. Kpd^ei, add. Koi prj(r(T€i Alx. 

40. eK^dXXaaiv X eK^dXaxriv 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

41. Ka\ dve^opai\e(t)STr6Te dve^. 

Alx. 

— a)Se roz/ vlov (tov X toj' vtoy 

aov hbe Gb. Sch. ; [hbe Gb. 
-].^ 
43. eiroLrjcrev X eTrotet Gb.Ln.Tf. 
[^Za;-.] 

— 6 'Ij^o-oOs, o?n.. Tf [Gb. =J]. 

[^Za;.] 
45. epcoTTJa-ai X enepcoTrjcraL Ln. 
[JZa?.] 

47. tScbz/ X eiScbs Cs^. 

48. eai' X O.V Ln. 

— eo-rat X ^o'tiv Ln. txt.Tf [Gb. 

f^]. Alx. 

49. 6 'Icoaw?;?, om. 6 Ln. Tf. 

— em X f'** ^Za;. 

— Ta baipovia, om. to. Sch. Ln. 

Tf [Gb. =*]. 

— eKcoXva-apeu X eKcoXvopev 

Ln. mg. 

50. Kai eiTre X etVei/ be Ln. txt. 

Tf. ^Za?. 

— KcciXveTe, add. avTov Alx. 

— T]pa>v, vnep rjpa>v X vpoov 

VTTep vpcou Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
Jr. avTov [Ln.] ; eavTOv Cst. 

— eaTTjpi^e X iaTrjpia-ev Tf. 



53. &(rT€ X toy Ln. mg. 

54. fiTTov X fiVai/ Tf. 

— (iTTo X f < Ln- 

— a)ff Kat 'H\tay eTTolijae, om. 

Tf. [Gb. -]. Alx. 

ii. KCLL emev, Ovk otdare otov 
TTvevixaros eare vfiels ; 56. 6 
yap vlos Tov dudpcoirov ovk 
fjXde ■v//'i;;(as dvdpa>Trcov OTro- 
Xecrai, aXXa aaxjai, om, 
Ln.Tf. ; [56. 6 yap . . . o-w- 
(rat^ om. Gb. Scli., ccntera Gb. 
=J ; om. Alx. et Cst.} 

$>}. 'Eyeuero Se X xal Tf. [Gb. 
f*j]. Alx. 

— av X ^au Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 

— KvpL€^ om. Ln.Tf. [Gb.->]. Alx. 

59. aTviKdovTi TTponTov X npcoTov 

dneXdelv Ln. 

60. 6 'ij/o-oOy, oy?i. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. 

-]. 
6a. Trpos avTov, om. Tf. ; ^Woi 6 
'It/o-. Ln. [CsL] 

— em^aXcbv X e7n(3dXXcov Ln. 

— eiy T?)i/ [BaaiXeiav X t",^ i^a- 

o-iXem Ln. Tf. [Alx.] ' 

Chap. X. 

1. €^8op.r]KouTay add. [Svo] Ln. 

[Alx.} 

— efieXXev X rjfxeXXeu Ln. Tf. 

— epxeaOai X elaepx^ecrdaL Ln. 

mg. 

2. ow X Se Ln- Tf. [Gb. ~]. 

[Alx.} 

— iKlUciXXj] epydras X ^pydras 

eKJSdXXrj Tf. ; eK^dXr] epy. 
Gb. Sch. Ln. 

3. iyoi, om. Ln. Tf. 

4. ^aXdvTiov X ^aXXdvTLOv Ln. 

Tf. 

5. olKiav flaepxr](rOe X oIkluv 

cl(feXdr)T€ Ln. [Gb.~J. ^te. ; 
el(TeX6rjT€ oiKiav Tf. 

6. y^ei/, o»t. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ^7 eVei X f 'ff t .^ l-'i^- "i©- 

— 6 uiof, o;rt. 6 St. Gb. Sell. Ln. 

Tf. 

7. eadiovres X ecrOovTes Ln. Tf. 

— eoTi, o/.'i. Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 

8. ^1/ S' at' X ^i' "'^ '-"• t^-'l'- ^ '^• 
10. (hrepx^qaOe X (laeXdrjTe Ln. 

Tf [Gb. "]. [/ffx.] 
ii.vp.(ou., add. els rovs nodas 
Ln. [Alx.} ; [.•.'zc, «A/. T]p,cop 

?V , 

— e(/)' v/xuf, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. 



LUKE. 

13. Xeyo) 5e, ow. 5e Gb. Sch. Tf. 

[Ln.] 
13. Xopa^iz/XXopa^eiV Tf. [Jte.] 

— BT]d(TdLdd X B7/ScraiSa Ln. 

mg. 

— iyevovTO X eyevrjOrjorav Ln. 

Tf. [^/.r.] 

— Kadfjjxevai X Kadfjfxevoi Ln. 

Tf. [^te.] 
i^. J7 ecoy X M"? ^''^ff Ln. txt. Tf. 
[^te.] 

— v\j/a>6€7aa X l'^//■c^)^/}o"7; ; Ln. 

txt. Tf. [^Ite.] 

— rou ovpavov, om. tov Ln. 

— abov, pixem. rov Tf. 

16. 'O duovoiv vp.S)v X o vp,. UK. 

Ln. mg. 

17. i^bop,r]K.ovra, add. [dvo] Ln. 

[^te.] 

19. St'ScojLit X SeSco/ca Tf. Ln. mg. 

Ute.] 

— ddiKrja-rj X aStKT^crei Elz. Ln. 

Tf. 

20. TTuevp-ara X 8aip,6vLa Alx. 

— pdXXou., om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— eypdcjirj X eyyeypanTUL Tf. 

[^Za;.] 

21. TTvevpiaTi, add. rw dyiai Ln. 

[JZx.] ; [2>»"<:e??i. eV ^Z.r.] 

— 6 'It^ctovs', o?rt. Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 

— eyevcTO evdoKiaXevdoK. eye- 

I'STO Ln. Tf. [^Zx.] 

22. Kai (TTpacfiels irpos rovs p-a- 

drjTas eiVe, om. Elz. Gb. 
[Alx.} 

— rrapebodr] p.01 X poi rrapedo- 

6q Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— idv X dv Ln. Tf. [ylZj?.] 

24. eldou X et'Sav Tf [JZar.] 

25. KOI Xeycov, om. Kal Tf. 

27. e^ 0X77? T^? yjrvxrjs crov, Ka\ 
e^ oXrjs TTJs la)(vos aov, 
KOL e^ 0X779 Tris diauolas 

CrOV \€V oXrj Trj '^Vxfj (TOV, 
Kal Iv oXt] TJ] liTX^i- (TOV.) 

Koi iu oXt] TTJ diavoia aov 
Ln. txt. 

29. dtKaiovi' X StKatcocrai Ln. Tf 

[Alx.} 

30. edvaavTCS X e^edv(Tav Cst. 

— rvyxdvovra, om. Ln. Alx. 
2,2. y^vopeuos, om. Alx. 

— iXd^u Gb. ->. [Alx.} 

— iSoJV, add. avTov Ln. 

33. avTou 2° om. Tf. [Ln.] 

34. enifSifdacras di X 'f"' eyrt/S.Ln. 

35. i^eXduiVy om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =;]. 

[^Zx.] 

28 



3 J. awro), (wi. Tf. [Ln.] [Alx.} 

36. ovi/, o?«. Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 

— Sofcei crot ttXtjctiov X ttXt;- 

cri'oj/ §0X61 (TOi Gb. Sch. Tf. 

37. oui* X Se Gb. Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 

[Gb.-.]. 

38. eyeveTO be iv tco X eV Se rw 

^Za;. 

— Kal avTos X ['^ai] Ln. 

39. TrapaKadlcraaa X rrapaKade- 

adela-a Tf. [^Zx.] 

— Trapa X Trpo? Tf. Ln. mg. Alx. 

— 'It/ctou X Kvpiov Ln. txt. Tf. 

Alx. 

40. etTre X (Ittov Tf. 

41. 'It^o-ovs- X KvpLOS Tf. Ln. mg. ; 

[6 'lr](Tovs eineu OLVTrj, ••>■. f i- 
7r€V avTjj Kvpios Alx.} 

— Tvp(3d(r] X Bopv^d^T] Ln. 

42. eVos 5e ecTTi XP^'" X oXt'yo)^ 

Se eVrt XP^^^ 1 ^^^^ ^^^* 

— dyr' aur?;? X [dn} Ln. ; [om. 

COT Alx.} 

Chap. XI. 

2. 7rpo(Tevxr]ade X Trpoaevx^- 
ade Alx. 

— i^pcoy 6 ez/ roTv ovpavoli, om. 

Gb. Tf. [^Zx.] 

— 77 ^acriXeia (tov\(tov t] j3a(r. 

Gb. 

— yevTjdrjTci) TO 6eXr]p,d aov^ 

(OS eu ovpauo), koI errl Trjs 
yj)?, o??t. Gb. Sch. Tf. [Alx.} ; 
[&)? eV ovip. Kai eTTi yrjs} Ln. 
4. d<pL€peu X d(pLop€u Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. ^]. [^Zx.] 

— aXXa pvaai r]p.ds ano tov 

TTOPrjpov, om. Gb. Sch. Tf. 
i. e'LTTj] X fpf t Ln. ^Za;. 
6. /iou [Gb.-»]. 

8. avTov (plXov X (piXou avTOv 

Alx. 

— oVcoi* X oaov Cst. 

9. di/oiyi^o-erat X dvQix6r]ar€Tai 

Tf [C.Z.] 

10. cii/oiyj^crerai X duo{,xBrj(Tcrai 

Ln. Tf. [CsZ.] 

11. Tiva X Ti'f JZa;. 

— vp.o)v X e^ y/xcov Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. c^]. 

— ei Kat X ^ ncu Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— eTTL^coaei, avTw X awroi eyrt- 

Sd)0-et Tf. Ln. mg. 

12. alTTjcrr] X aiTrjcrei Tf. [/IZx.] 

13. inrdpxovTes X oJ^rey ylZjc. 

— (lya^d d6p,aTa X 8()p.aTa 

ayadd Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



'I 



X3. Trarrjp, add. vfxcov Ln. 

— 6 e|, om. 6 Alx. 

14. Ka\ avTQ rjv^ om. Alx. 

— e^eXdovTOS X eK^Xrjdevros 

Ln. [Alx.l 
i<. apxovTL X T« «PX' -^'^' 'T^' 
[Gb. ~]. JZa;.' 

— ad fin. add. 6 be aTTOKptdels 

elne, Ucos hvvarai "Saravas 

^aravdv iKJSaXXeLV Alx. 
16. Trap' avTov e^rjTovv i^ ov- 

pavov X e| ovp. e^. Trap' avr. 

Ln. Tf. Alx. 
i>}. avTMU TO. 8LavoT]p.aTa X to. 

diav. avT. Ln. 

19. ol viol., om. ol Ln. 

— KpiTcu vpa)V avTol X ayTol 

vpa>v KpiraX Ln. Tf. Alx. 

20. eKjSaXXo), prcem. eyo) ^Za?. 
22. 6 laxyporepos^ om. 6 Ln. 

24. OTav^ add. de Alx. 

— XeyeLj prcem. Irore'] Ln. [^Za;.] 

25. evpia-Kei, add. axoXd^ovra 

Alx. 

26. eTrra erepa Trvev para Trovrj- 

porepa eavrov X e'r. ttv. 
Tvovqp. iavT. eTrra Tf. 

— elaeX66vTa X eXdovra Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. (7s«. 

27. yui';) (pcovrjv X 4*covrjv yvvr] 

Ln. Tf. 

28. avroi/, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. iAlx.l 

29. avTT;, add. yevea Ln. Tf. [v4i[,r.] 

— emCrjTel XC^rel Tf. 

— Tov 7rpo<pr]TOV, om. Gb. Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.] 

30. cnjpelov rols ISiveviTaLS X 

rot? Niv. o-r^/x. Tf. [Alx.l 

31. 2oXo/z.aJz/TOS 6is X "SfoXopS)- 

vos Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

32. "Nivevt X Nii/euiVat Sch. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. cv]. 

33. KpVTTTOV X KpVTTTrjV Elz. Gb. 

Ln. Tf. 

— (fieyyos X <^&>y I^n. [^Zo;.] 

34. ocpdaXpoSi add: <jov Sch. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. e^3. 

— ovv, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ->]. J?a;. 

— Kai oXoy, om. Kai Ln. 

— eariv X earat Alx. 

— (TKoreivov, add. ecrrai Alx. 

36. ri pepos X /^f'po? rt Ln. Tf. 

lAlx.'] 

37. XaXTjorat, acZcZ. avrbv Ln. 

— rjponTa X epcoTO. Ln. Tf. 

— Tiy, 07/^. Tf. [^Za;.] 

40. e^u)6ev K.a\ to eo'oodevXeo'O}- 
kp Koi TO e^iodev Ln. mg. 



LUKE. 

41. ecrrLV X ecTTat ^Za?. 

42. aXX' X aXXa Tf. 

— ravra, add. [Se] Ln. [Gb. ■■^J. 

Alx. 

— eSei X bel Ln. mg. 

— d(pLepaL X TTapeivai Ln. Tf. 

43. dyopat?, ofZfZ. [Kai ra? irpcc- 

TOKXiaias ev rots deLTrvoisI 
Ln. 

44. ypapparels kol ^apiaaloi^ 

vnoKpiTol, om. Gb. Tf. [Ln.] 
Alx. 

— ol TvepLTTarovpTes, om. ol Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. -]. 
48. papTvpelre X pdprvpes eare 
Tf. 

— avTcop TO. pprjpela, om. Tf. 

[Ln.] [Gb. ^]. Alx. 

50. eKxvpopepop X eKxypvopepop 

Ln. Tf. 

51. roO a'lp.aTos 1°, om. tov Ln. 

Tf. [^Za?.] 

— TOV otpaTOS 2°, o??i. rot) Ln. 

Tf. [^Za;.] 

— elarjXdere X elo-i]XdaTe Gb. 

Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

53. AeyoPTOs de avTov ravTa 

Trpoy avTovs X K.aKeWep e^~ 
eXOovTOS avTOv Tf. ; Kai Gb. 

54. evedpevoPTes avTOv Gb. =J. 

— Ka\ ^rjTovPTes, om. 'JT. ; om. 

Kai Gb. Sch. Ln. ; i^r^TOVPres 
Gb. =J]. 

— Ipa KaTrjyopjjcrcocrip avTov, 

om. Tf. [Gb. =;]. 

Chap. XII. 

4. aTTOKTeipoPTcop X aTTO/crei'- 

i/oVrcoy Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— TvepLcraoTepop X Trepicrcrop 

Ln. 

5. e^ovcTLap exoPTU \ exoPTa 

e^ova-. Ln. Tf. [Ala.'] 

6. TTtoXeirat X noaXovprai Tf. 

7. oui/, o?ra. Tf. [Ln.] 

— 8ia(pepeTe, add. vpels Alx. 

g. evooTTLOP 1° X eprrpocrdep Ln. 

10. ^Xacr<pr]prj(TapTi Gb. -♦. 

11. Trpo(r<p€pa)(TtP X (^epoacnp 

Tf. 

— pepippaTe X pepipprjcrrjTe Tf. 

[Ln. mg.] [^Za;.] 

— J7 rt 1°, o?». Tf. 

13. avTW e< TOV oxXov X ^< tov 

oxXov avTS Alx. 

14. bLKaaTrjp X KptTrjP Ln. Tf. 

C^Za;.] 

29 



44 



r?}? X Trdo-rjs Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 

.(4Za?, 
at^rov 2° X aurw Ln. txt. Tf. 

Alx. 
evcfioprjcrep X rjv(f)6pr]arep Ln. 

Tf. 
yeppTjpaTa X yeprjpard St. 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. [Csf.] ; roi/ 

o-irov ^Za7. 

Geo? X KvpiGS Ln. mg. 
''A(ppa)P X acppop Elz.Gb. Sch. 
avTOv [Ln.] 

vpTi/ Xeyoo X Xeyco vplp Tf. 
vpa>p, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb.=i]. ^Za?. 
crdipaTC, add. Ivpav} Ln. 

[Gb. ~]. Alx. 
ov X ovre Tf. 
oySe X ot'Ve Tf. 
pepippcop.) om. Tf. 
Trpoa-Oelvai enl ttjp TjXtKLap 

avTov X eVt rj^z/ j^Xt/c. air. 

Trpocrdelpat Tf. 
ei/a, OTO. Tf. 

o0re X ovbi Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 
av^dpef ov Korna, ovde ptj' 

dei'X ovre prjdet ovre ixpal- 

pet Tf. 

ov8e, prcsm. [ort] Ln. \_Alx.'] 
TOP x^pTOP ep TO) dypo). X ep 

aypo) TOP xopTOP o-qpepop 

Tf. ; r. X'^P' (^VH- ^^ "7P^ 

Ln. 
dp(f)ieppv(Ti X dp({)u^eL Tf. ; 

ap.^ia^et Ln. 
^ rt X /^ai rt Tf. 
eTn(r)Tel X eTnC^TodaiP Tf. 

[^Za;.] 
roO GeoO X avrou Ln. (txt.) 

Tf. [Gb. ^]. Alx. 
irdpTa, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. ^]. 
^aXdpTia X ^aXXdpTLa Ln. 

Tf. [^Za:.] 
vpwp al ocrfpves X 01 Qa(}>ves 

vpcop Ln. 

at'aXycrei X dpaXvarj Ln. Tf. 
ot 5o{}Xot, 0771. Tf. [Gb. -»]. 

CLP 2° 07?Z. Tf. 

diopvyrjpai X diopvxOrjPaL Tf. 
GUI', o??^. Ln. Tf. [^Za:.] 
ai-ra), o??i. Ln. Tf. [Alx.2 
eiire de X kol elnep Alx. 
Kai (ppoptpos X o (ppop. Ln. 

txt. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 
TOV StSoj/at, om. tov Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.} 

to (TiToperpLOP, om. to Tf. 
aurdi' X avTw Ln. mg. 



47- iavTOv X avTOv Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
49. els X ^'■""1 Ln. [Gb. f«]. [Alx.] 
go. ov X OTOV Ln. Tf. [Gb. t^]. 
$2. OLK(o iv\ X et't oi/CQ) Ln. txt. 

— TpKTL. is.dLafi€piadTja-€TaLj_ 

rpialv 53. bLapepiadrjcrovTai 
Ln. Tf. Ute.] 
£3. #' X fVt Tf. 

— OvyarpX X dvyarepa Ln. ; sic 

prcem. rrju Tf. [.4?a;.] 

— prjTpi X "n^y prjTepa Ln. Tf. 

U/.r.] 

— avrJJy 2°, om. Tf. 

^4. TT^y vecPeXrjv, om. Trjv Ln. 
U7a:.] 

— Xeyere, arf(Z. ort Tf. [Ln.] 

[Alx.] 
56. T^y yT^ff Kol Tov ovpavov \ 
Tov ovpavov Kol Ti]s yrjs 
Alx. 

— ov doKLpd^€T€ X ovK oiSare 

boKLpd^eiu Alx. 
58. napada X 7Tapa8o>a€C Ln. Tf. 

— ^ciWrj X iSaXeT Ln. Tf. ; /3a- 

Xt; Gb. Scb. 
59- ro' X roi/ Tf. 

Chap. XIII. 

3. 6 'l7;cro{}f, 0771. Tf. [Ln.] 

3. peravoriTe X p€TavoT]crT]T€ Ijn. 

txt. Tf. [^/x.] 

— cbo-auro)? X opoioos Ln. [Jte.] 

4. Kat oKTCo X [fai] Ln. ; om. 

Alx. 

— ovToi X civTol Ln. Tf. [^?a;.] 

— dvdpwTTOVs., prcem. tovs Ln. 

Tf. iAlx.l 

— eV, 0771. Tf. [Alx.] 

5. peravoiiTeX p^Tavor](TT]T€ Ln. 

Tf. [/i?A\] 

— opoicos X wcravraiff Tf. [^?a;.] 

6. eV T(u cipTTiXoyvL avTov we- 

cj)vT€vp€vr)v X necfivT. iv rw 
d/aTT. aur. Ln. Tf. {Alx.'] 

— Kapnov ^rjTOiv X C^twv Kap- 

TTov Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

7. €Tr], add. dcp* ov Alx. 

— eKKoyj/ov, add. ovv Ln. [Alx.] 

8. KOTTpiav X Konpia Elz. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

9. el Se /A'J'yf ft? TO peWou X 

eif TO /ieXXoi/, et Se /^J^yf 

ir.TJu 1°, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— /cat OKTO) X [licu] Ln. 

12 T^f dcr^evf tnf, pircm. inro Ln. 
13. dv(jipdu}6r}\dvop6u)6rj Ln.Tf. 



LUKE. 

14. o;^X&), «^<i!. on Tf. 

— TauTOtsX ct^TaiyLn. Tf. [Alx.] 

15. ow X Se Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— 'YTTOKpLTCL X VnOKpiToi Sch. 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. f«]. 

18. 8e X ovv Tf. [Ln. mg.] ^te. 

19. peya [Ln.] Gb. -• ; 07?i. Alx. 

20. Kat, 0777. Sch. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

21. €veKpv\fr€V X eKpv^ev Tf. 
^[^?a;.] 

22. 'lepova-aXrjp, X 'lepocroXvpa 

Ln. mg. 
24. 7rv\r]s X ^i5pa? Gb. Lu. (txt.) 

Tf. [^te.] [Rec. Gb. <v]. 
2^ Kelpie 2°, 0771. Tf. [Ln.] [Alx.] 
26. ap^eaOe X cip^rjade Alx. 
27. 1'/xas', 077Z. Tf. [Ln.] 

— 01 epydrai, om. ol Tf. [Gb. 

-]. ^ ^ 

— T^ff dStKiay, 0771. Tjjy Ln. Tf. 
29. aTTO 2° 0771. Tf. [Ln.] Gb. ^. 

31. rjpepa X a>pa Gb. ~. [Alx.] 

32. eTTiTekw X dTToreXco Ln. Tf. 

— TpiTT], add. [r]pepa] Ln. 

34. TJ71/ eaur^y voaaiav X Ta 

eavr. vocrcria Ln. txt. 

35. ep-qpos^ om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— dpr^v be Xeyco X Xeyo) be Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ort [Ln.] 

— /Me iSj;re X iSj^xe /ze Ln. Tf. 

— av., om. Tf. 

Chap. XIV. 

3. \eya>v [Ln.] 

— Et, 0771. Tf. [Alx.] 

— depaneveLvXOepaTrevaaLJjn. 

Tf. [Alx.] ; culd. Tj ov Tf. 
[Ln.] 

5. Kat aTTOKpcOels Trpbs avrovs 

eiVe X '<"'' etVei/ Trpoy av- 
rovs Ln. ; [dTTOKpt^eis- Gb. 
=; ; 0771. Alx.] 

— oWXi'tos Sch. Ln.Tf. [Gb.^^]. 

— epTreaelrai Xnea-elTai Ln.Tf. 

— ev [Ln.] ; o?7i. Alx. 

6. ai/ra>, 077i. Tf. 

9. per X perd Ln. Tf. 
10. avdireaov X avdneae Sch. Ln. 
Tf. ; avd-neaai Gb. 

— etTTT; X f'pf ' '^ f- 

— evaJTTiov., add. irdvTwv Ln. 

[^te.] 
12. pr)be TOVS crvyyevels a-ov Gb. 

— ere di/rtKaXeVoxTt X dirt/caX. 

o-e Ln. txt. Tf. [^te.] 
SO 



12. (TOt dtraTrdSojMa X avTairo- 

bopd croi Tf. 

13. dvair-qpovs X dvaireipovs Ln. 

15. oy X oo-riy ^te. 

— (ipTOV X (ipiarov Gb. tv. [C^^] 

16. enoLTjae X enolei. Tf. 

— /ie'ya X /xeyai/ Ln. Tf. 

17. Trni/ra [Ln.] 

18. TrapaiTelaOai navres X Trdv- 

Tes napaLTeladai Ln. [^te.] 

— 6 TTpcoro?, p^'cem. [Ka\] Ln. 

— e;;((B dvdyKi]vX dvdyK. e)(a> Ln. 

— Kat iSeti/, 077J. Kat Tf. 

21. eKelvos, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

— dvaTTTjpovs X dvaivelpovs Ln. 

— p^coXous KOI Tvcjykovs X TV^. 

Kat x&J^- Ln. Tf. 

22. cos X o Alx. 

23. 6 oIkOS pOV X POV 6 OLKOS Tf. 

24. ad fin. add. TroXXot ydp elaiv 

kXtjtoI, okiyoL be eKkeKToi. 
Cst. 

26. eavTOv X avTov Ln. Tf. 

— en be X f ti re Ln. txt. Tf. 

— pov padrjrqs elvai X ^^vat 

pov paO. Tf. 

27. avTov X eavTOv Ln. Tf. 

— pov eivai padrjrrjs X fiVat 

pov pad. Tf. Ln. mg. 

28. deXcov., prcem. 6 Cst. 

— ra irpos X Ta els Ln. [Gb. 

~] ; els Gb. Sch. Tf. 

29. epnai^eiv avrS X avT<o epir, 

Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

31. avpl3aXe7v ere pa ^acriXel X 

irepco jBacr. crvp^aXeiv Ln. 
Tf. [Alx.] 

— ^ovXeverai X ^ovXeixTerai 

Ln. mg. 

— aTravTrja-ai X vTravTTJcrai Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.] 

32. aVTOV TTOppCO XTTOppO) UVTOV 

Cst. 

33. pov eivai padrjTrjs X ftvai 

pov pad. Ln. 

34. KaXov, add. ovv Tf. 

— edv be, add. Ka\ Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

Chap. XV. 

t. eyyi^ovres avra X aviio ey- 

yt^ovres Ln. Tf. 
2. ot i^apLaaloiXol re <E>ap. Ln. 

Tf. 
4. ej/ e'^ avToiV X ^$ avrcov ev 

Tf. [Alx.] 
7. eVrat eV rw ovpava X ^v ra> 

ovp. eWai Tf. 



i\ 



9. (TvyKakelTat X (TvyKoXci Tf. 

— Tas yeLTOvas, om. ras Ln. Tf. 
lo. x^P^ yiverai X ytVerat x^P^ 

Tf. 

12. Kol BielXev X o Se SietX. Ln. 

Tf. 

13. drravra X Tra^ra Ln. 

14. l(Txvpos X lo'xvpa Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. ^Za7. 

15. ye/xicrai, ttjv KoiKiav avTOv 

CLTTO X xopTao-^^i/at e/c ^Za;. 
17. eiTre X e^J? Tf. 

— nepicraevovcrLV X TrepLcraev- 

ovrai Tf. 

— eycb Se, afZcZ. wSe Gb. Sch. Tf. 

[;?os^ Xt/xco Ln.] 

19. Kai ovKeri, om. icai Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

20. iavTOv X avTov Ln. [^Za?.] 

21. ayrw 6 vioy X o uios aurw 

Tf.' 

— Koi ovKCTi, om. Koi Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =J] ; ad fin. add. TToir]- 
(Tov fie cos €va rav p.Lcr6iaiV 
<TOV Alx. 

22. 'E^ei/ey/care, pi'csm. raxv Ln. 

Ulx.-] 

— TTjV crroXrjV^ om. ttjv Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -]. [Alx.] 

— TToSa?, add. avrov Alx. 

23. eveyKavres X (f'^pere Tf. 

24. Kol aTroXoiXcos rjv X ^i' airo- 

XtoXcby Ln. Tf ; [koi Gb. =J ; 

o?ra. Alx. ; ^y Gb. -*]. 
2^. rjyyLO-e X ffyyi^ev Ln. mg. 
26. avTov^ om. Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— Tt, add. lav] Ln. [^Za?.] 

28. rjOik^v X r]deXr](T€V Ln. mg. 

— ovj/ X Se Ln. Tf. [Alx.J 

29. Trarpl, add. avrov Ln. [^Za?.] 

30. 7ropva>v, prcem. tcov Ln. Tf. 
~ fxocrxov TOP cnrevTOu X tov 

air. p6<JX' Tf. 
32. ave^r](T€ X '^Cv^^^ Tf. 

— Kai aTToXcoXcbs', Kai Gb. -♦ ; 

om. Alx. 

— rjv 2°, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

lAlx.} 

Chap. XVI. 

1. aurou, om. Tf. [^Za;.] 

2. olicovop,Las crov, a-ov Gb. =? ; 

om. Alx. 

— dwrja-r) X ^^vj] Alx. 

4- TT^s olKovop/ias, prcem. [e/c] 
Ln. [^Za;.] 

— avTwv X iavTwv Tf. 



LUKE. 

5. ;^p6(B^€iXer5j/ X XP^^4'^''^^~ 

TCOV Ln. Tf. 

— eauroO X awrou JZa;. 

6. Kai X o 5e Ln. Tf. 

— TO ypcifxp-a X TO. ypap-fxaTa 

Ln. txt. Tf. lAlx.] 

7. Kai Xeyei, om. Ka\ Ln. Tf. ; 

Xeyet Se .<4Za?, 

— TO ypdfjLp.a X TO ypdfjLpara 

Ln. txt. Tf. 
9. Kayo) X i^f^i- ^y^ Tf. [^Zar.] 

— Iloirj(raT€ eavro^s X eavroly 

TTOi. Tf. 

— eKK'nvqre X eKk'nrr] Sch. Ln. 

(txt.) [Gb. ~3 ; eKXeiTTT] Tf. 

— (TKTjvds, add. [avroov] Ln. 
1^. eoTti/, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
16. ecos X H'^XP'' Tf- [^Za;.] 

18. 7ra?, OTO. Ln.Tf. [Gb.^]. lAlx.] 

— (iTTO dvdpos, Gb. -♦. 

20. ^i/, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Alx.] 

— 6y, om. Tf. [Ln.] ^Za?. 

— rjXKcofxevos X elXKco[ievos Ln. 

Tf. [^Za;.] 

21. yjy-ixtcov TCOV, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

— aTreXet^^^Oif X eTreXeixov Ln. 

Tf. 

22. Tou 'A^padfjL, om. tov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

23. TOV 'A|3paa/A, om. tov Ln. Tf. 

[^Z^.] 
2^. o-u, om. Gb. Sch. Tf. 

— 68e X a)5e Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

26. €7r\ X ei' Ln. mg. 

— ivrevdev X eV^ey Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— 01 iKcWev, om. 01 Ln. 

27. ovv (re X o"6 ovv Ln. Tf. 

29. Xeyet X Xeyei Se Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— avTa., om. Tf. 

31. ovSe, eav X ovd' edv Ln. Tf. 

Chap. XYII. 

1. fxadrjTds, add. avTov Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 

— ia-ri, add. rod St. Ln. Tf. 

— prj iXQetv TCI cr/cai/SaXa X Ta 

(TKdv. prj iXdeiv Tf. 

— ovcii be X TrXrjv oval Ln. 

[^Za;.] 

2. pvXoS OVIKOS X Xt'^OS pvXl- 

Kos Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. [JZa;.] 

— €Va TCOV fllKpoOV TOVTCOV X T. 

pLlKp. TOVT. €Va Tf. 

3. 6e, om. Ln. [Gb. ^]. [^Za;.] 

— eis o-e, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -»]. 

[^Za;.] 

31 



4. afidpTT] X afiapTrjo-rj Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. c^]. [^Za:.] 

— inTdKis, pi^cem. [edv] Ln, 

— Tj)? rjijiepas, om. Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

— eVt ere, om. Gb. Sch. Tf. ; 

npos ere Ln. 

5. elnov X eiTrai^ Ln. Tf. 

6. f i)^ere X ^X^'''^ ■^^^* 

7. epei, ckZcZ. avr« Tf. [Ln.] 

[Alx.] 

— dvaTrearat X avdneae Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 

8. ecos, add. av Alx. 

9. X'^P'-^ ^X^* X "fX" X^P'-^ I^"- 

txt. Tf. [^Za;.] 

— eicelvco, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— avT(o, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ou boKco, om. Tf. [Ln.] [^Zx.] 

10. Xeyere on, om. ort Ln. [Gb. 

-*].[Alx.] ^ 

— OTL o, om. OTL Ln. Tf. 

11. peaov X P'^aov Ln. 

12. avTco, om. Ln. 
17. ovxl X o^X -'-''^* 

— ol be, om. de Ln. 
21. 77 Gb. =t. 

— Idov 2°, om. Tf. 

22. p.adr)Tds, add. avTOv Ln. 

23. ^idov aide, t], Idov e/cet X tSou 

exel, idou a)Se Tf. ; [om. 77 
.4Za7. 

24. VTT 1° X I'TTO TOV Ln. Tf. 

— Kai 6 f toy, om. Acat Gb. Sch. 

Tf. [Ln.] 

— iv Tjj rjixepa avTov, om. Ln. 

26. TOV Noje, om. roG Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

27. e^eyapl^ovTO X eyap.i^ovTO 

Ln. Tf. [^Za:.] 

— cLTTavTas X Travras' Ln. 

29. dnavTas X irdvTas Ln. 

30. raGra X Ta ai'ra Gb.Tf. [^Za;.] ; 

TavTa Ln. 

31. r(5 ayp«, om. ro) Tf. 

33. crcoaai X nepLTTOLrjcracrdai, Tf. 

— aurT7z/ 2°, o?ra. Tf. [Ln.] 

34. /xtas [Ln.] 

— 6 et?, om. 6 Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

35. Suo eaovTai X fO", Svo Ln. 

— 77 /xta, om. rj St. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

— KOI 77 X 1? Se Tf. 

— d(f)e6r)creTai,add. dvo eo-ovrai 

ev TO) dypS, els irapaXr]- 
(pdrjcreTai., /cai 6 erepos ac6- 
edrja-eTat (v. 36, Elz. & Sch.), 
o;«. St. Gb. Ln. Tf. 

36. avvaxdrjarovrai 01 deroi X ol 

deTol eTnarvvaxd^o'OVTai Tf ; 



17 



crvvaxd. [koi] ol aeroi Ln. 
Ute.] 

Chap. XVIIL 

be Koi, om. kol Ln. lAlx."] 
7rpo<Tev)(€(r6ai^ add. avrovs 

Ln. Tf. 

€KKaKa.v X eyKaKelv Ln. Tf. 
;(?7pa 5e, f«?(Z. rt? Elz. 
^OeXrjaeu X rjdeXev Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. <N>]. [ALv.] 
KoL audpcoTTOV ovKXovbe av6. 

Ln. 

VTrcoTTid^r] X vnoind^r} Gb. <^. 
TTOirjcreL X TVOU]crrj Ln. Tf. 

Trpoj avTov X atircu Tf. 
fiaKpo3vp.cov X paKpodvixel 

Ln. Tf [^Z^.] 
EtVe Se /cat X [^ai] Ln. [Gb. 

-] ; [om. Cst.^ 
6 eiy, o?tt. 6 Ln. Tf 
Trpoff eavTov rai/Ta X ravra 

Trpoff iavTov Ln. mg. [^te.J 
cocTTTcp X coy Ln. 
oi'TOS' 6 TfXoiurjs X o reX. 

oi/r. Ln. mg. 
Kal 6 reXavrjs X o be reX. 

Ln. mg. 
els Tov ovpavov eircipai X eir- 

apai els tov ovpavov Tf. 

[Ln. mg. j 
els TO a-TTjBnSi om. els Ln.Tf. 

[Gb. =t]. [Alx.] 
vplv.) add. loTi] Ln. 
r) eKelvos X Trap' eKelvov Ln. ; 

Tj yap eKelvos Gb. Sell. Tf. 
6 be X <cu o Ln. 
erreTiprja-av X eneTipoyv Ln. 

Tf [^te.] 
TrpoaKoXecrdpevos avra el- 

nev X TTpoaeKaXecraTO Xe~ 

yoiv Ln. mg. ; [Trpoo-exa- 

Xelro (s. npoaKaXeaaTo) 

avTU Xeycjv Alx.] 
eav X o-v Ln. Tf 
crov^ 2°, OOT. Ln. [Gb. -.]. i 

iAlx.] ^ I 

e<PvXa^aprjv X ecjivXa^a Ln. j 

Tf , 

/xou, o?n. Tf I 

Tavra, om. Ln. Tf [Alx.] 
bidbos X ^<Jr Ln. [Alx.] \ 

oiipava X toIs ovpavols Ln. 

txt. Tf 

eyevero X eyevr^Brj Tf. 
TrepiXvTTov yevofievov., om. Tf. 

[/fte.] 



LUKE. 

34. ei(rfXev(roi/rai ety rjyv (Bacri- 
Xeiav TOV Qeov X f is t. Qacr. 
TGv Qeoi) elanopevovTat, Tf. 

25. TpvpaXids X TprjfjLaTOS Ln. 
Tf. 

— pacplboi X l3eX6vr]S Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. [^te.] 

— ela-eXOelv X SteX^etv Ln. 
^[^te.] 

27. eo"Tt Tvapa ra> Oeoi X Trapa 

TGJ 060) ecrrti/ Tf , [om. ro) 
Ln. txt.] ; eoTii/ napa Qea 
Ln. mg. 

28. 6 IleVpos, om. 6 Tf [Cst.] 

— d(pT)icap€v ndvTa., kol X d(p- 

evTes TO. 'Ibia Ln. Tf. [Gb. t^]. 

29. TJ yove2s, rj dbeX({)ovs, ^ yv- 

vatKa X rj yvv. rj dbeXcf). rj 
yovels Tf. 

30. ov X ovxi. Tf. 

— aTToXd^r) X Xa/37/ Ln. txt. 

31. 'lepocroXvpa X 'lepovcraXrjfi 

Tf. 
35. 7rpoaaLTa)V X eiraLTcov Ln. 

Tf 
36. ri, a(Z(Z. [ai/] Ln. [.^Za;.] 
39. npodyovTes X napdyovTes 

Ln. mg. 

— atdinrjcrrj X f^f-yWV ^^^ Tf- 
41. Xeycor, o?ft. Tf. [^te.] 

Chap. XIX. 

2. ovTOs X avTos Ln. 

— ^y 2° [Ln.] 

3. 7rpobpap.a)v X npoabpafxcov 

Cst. 

4. crvKop.a)pai.av X crvKopapeav 

Ln. Tf ; avKopopeav Gb. 
[Rec. Gb. f^]. 

— fit', o?re. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

7. awavTes X Travres' Ln. Tf. 

8. T]pi(TT] X Tjpia-ea Ln. ; ly/x/- 

o-eta Tf 

— Tu)!/ VTrapxdvTcov pLOV X ftoti 

rail' vnapx- Tf 

— bibuipi TOlS TTT(x>XOLs\'nT(ii-)(^. 

bib. Tf ; [roiy ttt. St'fi. ^/.r.] 
II. avrov eivai 'lepovaaXrjp X 

eiVat avTOV ^lep. Ln. ; eiVat 

'lep. avTov Tf 
13. €&)$■ X fV "i^ Ln. Tf. [Gb. t^]. 

[yiZx.J 

15. eSa)KeXfif^<w'f"Ln.txt.[yite.] 

— yvco X yt'ol Ln. Tf. 

— tLs tl bieirpaypcneixTaTO X 

TL bLenpaypuTeva-avTo Alx. 

16, TrpoaeLpydaaro beKu pviis X 

Se'/ca TTpoarjpy. puds Ln. 'J'f. 
32 



17. Ed X e^ye Ln. Tf. 

19. ytvov k'TTUfo) X eirdvcd yivov 

Tf ' 

20. erepos, prcem. 6 Ln. Tf. 

22. be, om. Tf [Gb. =i]. 

23. TO dpyvpiov pov X />iou to 

apy. Ln. Tf [Alx.] 

— TTjv TpdneCav.^ om. ttjv Ln. Tl f. 

[Gb. :j]. 

— Kol eyoi X Kayo) Ln. Tf. 

~ enpa^a avro X avTO eirpa^a 
Ln. Tf 

25. eiVoz^ X eiVai/ Ln. Tf. 

26. yap, o?w. Tf. [Ln.] 

— diT avTOv, om. Tf [Ln.] 

27. eKeivovs X tovtovs Tf [^Za?.] 

— KaTa(x<^d^aTe^ add. avTOvs 

Tf. 

29. avTOv, om. Tf. 

30. eliTOiv X Xeyatv Ln. [^Zcc] 

— Xvo-afTey, pixem. Kol Tf. 

31. avTft) [Ln.] ; [om. ^Za;.] 

33. eiirov X etVai/ Ln. Tf. 

34. eiTTov X ewrai/ Ln. Tf. ; addA 

OTi Ln. Tf [Alx.] I 

35. enippLyj/avTes X e7rtpi'\//'aj/T6ff| 

Ln. Tf. I 

— eavTcbv X avTMV Ln. 

37. Traaoov X ttoi'Tcoi' Ln. 

38. elprjVT] ev ovpava X eV oup. 

eip^i/j; Tf 

39. eiTTov X ftVai/ Ln. Tf. 

40. avTols., om. Tf. 

— CTL(x>TTr](T(0(rLV X ClCdTTTjaOVaLV 

Ln. Tf 

— KeKpd^ovTat. X Kpd^ovaiv Tf 

41. CTJ-' avT^ X fV avTT)v Ln. Tf. 

[^Za:.] ' 

42. /cat ye [Ln.] 

— aov 1°, om. Ln. [JZa;.] 

— aov 2", [Ln.] Gb. -. 

43. TTepL^aXovaiv X napep^a- 

Xovaiv Ln. mg. 

44. eV aot Xidov enl Xidoy X Xi- 

60V enl Xidco ev croi Ln. Tf. 

45. eV atiTO) Koi dyopd^ovTas, om. 

Tf [Gb.=:] ; [om. ev avT. Alx.] 

46. FeypaTTTat, culd. on Ln. txt. 

[yUx.] 

— O otKoy pov oiKOS TrpocreV" 
X>is ecTTtv X Koi earai 6 oik, 
pov OIK. npoa. Tf. Ln. mg. 
[Alx.] 

48. evpiaKov X TjvpiaKov Ln. 

Chap. XX. 

I. eKflvcov, om. Ln. Tf [Gb. =5]. 
[yiZa-.] 



1. apxtepels X lapels Tf. [Gb.~.] 

Wst] 

2. elrrov X (tnav Tf. 

-1 Trpos avTOV, Xeyovres X ^t" 
yoires tt/jos avrov Ln, ; o?«. 
Xeyoj/rey Tf. 

— EiVe X ftTJ-oi/ Tf. 

3. em, OTO. Ln. Tf. [Gb. :$]. [^Za;.] 
^. (TvvekoyicravTo X (Tvvekoyi- 

^ovTO Ln. 

— epe?, a(M. T^/iri/ Ln. 

— ovv, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. -»]. 

6. Tray 6 \abs X o Xaos oTras 

Tf. Ln. mg. 
9. Trpos Tov Xaov \iyeiv \ Xey. 

irp. T. \a6u Ln. Tf. 

— "AvdpcoTTos Tis e(f)vTeva€v 

ap-TTekoiva X dpneX. i(pvT. 
av6p. Ln. 

— rts-, o??i. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— i^edoTO X e^edero Tf. 
10. cV, ojft. Ln. Tf. 

— baxriv X ^axrovcriv Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 
ir. jrepyfrai erepovXerepov irep- 

^at Ln. Tf. 
12. TrepyjraL Tpirov X Tplrov Trep- 

yl^ai Ln. Tf. 

— KOI TOVTOV X K.aKa.vov Ln. 

— tSdi/reff, ow. Ln. [Gb.=?]. [^te.] 
14. hiekoyi^ovTO X SieXoyiVai/ro 

Ln. 

— eavTovsXahCkrjkovs Tf. [Jte.] 

— SeCre, o?«. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -*']. 

— yevijrat X eVrat Ln. mg. 

16. ^AKOvcravTCS Se X 01 Se okou. 
Ln. txt. 

— eiTTOj/ X eirrav Ln. Tf. 

19. €^r]Tr]crav X i^rjTOVv Ln. txt. 

— ot apxtepels Koi 01 ypappa- 

rels X ot ypap. kol ol dpx- 
Ln. Tf. [JZa?.] 

— TOV Xaov, om. Cst. 

— TTjv 7rapaj3oXr]V ravTrjv eine 

X dnev TTjv 7rapaj3. ravr. 
Ln. Tf. lAlx.1 

20. eis- TO X wore Ln. Tf. 

22. rip7v X ^/-tay Tf. lAlx.} 

23. Ti pe Treipa^ere, o»i. Tf. [Gb. 

=J]. [^ifa?.] 

24. eTTtSe/^are X Set^are Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— drjvdpiov, add. [01 de edei- 

^av KOL eiTrei/] Ln. iAlx.} 

— eiTVOv X elnav Tf. 

25. avTo7s X Trpos avTovs Tf. 



25. 



LUKE. 

'ATToSore toLvvv X rolwv 

dnobore Tf. 
Kaiaapi, prcem. tm Tf. 
dj/rtXeyoj/res X Xeyovres Ln. 

mg. [^Za;.] 

aTToOavr] X ^ JI^Ji- txt. [^te.] 
eXa^ev, om. Tf. [Gb. ~]. 
Tj)!/ yvi/arKa, fcat ouros' oTre- 

^ai/ei/ areKvoSj om. Tf. [Gb. 

~].^ 
avTTjv^ add. [ajcravroos] Ln. 

[Osf.] 
Kul ov, om. Kat, St. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

de, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. [Alx.2 
navTcov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -»]. 

[JZa:.] 
dnedave kol tj yvvrj X Kai 7y 

yvvr) diredavev Tf. [^te.] 
ylveTai X eaTUi Alx. 
iv Tfj ovv X j) yvf?) ov// iv Tjj 

Tf. 

diroKpidels, om. Ln. Tf. [JZa;.] 
eKyapio-KovTai X yapiaKov- 

Tai Ln. Tf. 
eKyapicTKovTai X yapi^ovrai 

Ln. Tf. 

oure X ovSe Ln. Tf. 
roO GeoO, om. rou Tf. 
rov Qeov 2°, om. tov Ln. Tf. 
TOV Qeov 3°, om. tov Ln. Tf. 
etrroi/ X elirav Ln. Tf. 
fieXyapTf.^ 
vtov AajSiS etVat X eiVat A. 

vlov Tf. ; [eii/ai Gb. -»]. 
42. KOI avTos X avTOS yap Alx. 

— yf/^aXpS)V, prcem. Totv Ln. 

— 6 Kvpios, om. 6 Ln. Tf. 

44. KVpiOV aVTOV X OVTOV Kvpiov 

Tf. [^Za;.] 

— vto? avTOv X avroi! vioy Tf. 
roiff padr]Tais avTOv X TTpos 

avTovs Tf. 
TTepirraTeiv iv crToXaXs X fZ' 

OToXaiy TcepnraTeiv Alx. 
o\ KaTea-6iovaiv X o* Kare- 

adiovTes Ln. 
TrpoaevxovTai X Trpocrevxo- 

pevoL Ln. 

Chap. XXL 
ra dcopa avratv els to ya^o- 

(fivXaKiov X ft? TO yct^o0. 

ra Swpa aur. Tf. [^Za;.] 
Kai Tti'a X Ttva Kai Tf. [Csi.l ; 

Kai [Ln.] [Gb. -*]. [Alx.] 
dvo XeTTTo. X XeTTTO, dvo Ln. 

mg. lAlx.'] 



32 



34- 



. ^ TTTOixh ovrq X oi'Tt; 17 TTrw- 

;^7) Ln. txt. [^Za;.] 
■ TrXet'oi' X TrXeio) Ln. Tf. 
, arravTes X Traires Ln. 
TOV Qeov, om. Tf. lAlx.'] 
diravTa X TrdvTa Ln. 
e^aXe, add. TavTa Xeyav 

e(f}a>vei^ *0 e^^cov wra d/cov- 

eti/, d/fovero) CsZ. 
dvaOrjpacn X dvaOepacnv Ln. 
d(f)€drja'eTai^ add. code Alx. 
Xida, add. ade Ln. [.4Za?.] 
"Ort [Ln.] 

owi/, om. Ln. Tf. [AIx.2 
TavTa yeveadai X yeV. raiJra 

Ln. 

eVt e^voy X ^tt' e^roy Ln. Tf. 
KaTo. TOTTOVS Ka\ X /"^at KaTO. 

TOTTOVS Tf. 
XipOl KOI XotpOl X Xoipol 

Ka\ Xipol Ln. Tf. 
<p6j3r]Tpa X <p6j3r]dpa Ln. 
o-qpeia air ovpavov X «7r' 

ovpavov arjpela Ln. 
dTrdiTcoj' X irdvTOiV Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

dyopivovs X dnayopevovs Tf. 
^eV<9e X ^eVe Ln. Tf. 
etff rd? Kapdias X ^'i' T-ats 

Kapbiais Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 
dvTeiTTelv ovde dvTHTTqvai X 

dvTiCTTrjvaL ovde dvTenrelv 

Ln. ; dvTicTT. T] dvTeiTT. Tf. 

[^Za;.] ; [ovSe, Gb. ^]. 
Trdi/res' X airavTes Tf. 
KTr}o-aa-6e X KTrja-eade Ln.Tf. 

[Gb. cv]. [^Za;.] 

TT^y 'lepova-aXrjp, om. ttjv Ln. 
TTXr}p(i>6rjvai\TTXricr6rivai Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
ouat Se, om. de Ln. Tf. 

iAlx.l 
iv TM Xao), om. iv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
TvavTa TO. edvT] X 7"" ^'^^ 

Trdira Ln. txt. Tf. 
axpi X "XP*^ °^ ^"- tTf.] 

[^Za;.] 

eorai X 'io-ovTai Ln. Tf. 
rjxova-qs X rJX"^^^ Gr^- 1^^* Tf. 

[Rec. Gb. ~]. [^Za;.] 
veCJieXr] X ve<peXais Ln. mg. 
TrapeXevaovTac X TrapeXev- 

creTai. Ln. mg. 
TTapeXOaa-i X TrapeXevcrovTat 

Ln. Tf. [JZar.] 
^apwdaxTiv X ^aprjOaxTiv 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
22 



34- vixcov a! Kapbiat X a* Kapb. 
vp.. Ln. [Alx.l 

— aK^vlbios €(j) vpas (Triarfj X 

al<p. eiTta. ecf/ vp. Ln. txt. ; 
eVicr. i(^ vp. al(f). Tf. Ln. 
mg. 

35. yap, a»^e eVi Travras' Ln. txt. 

— €7reX(V(T€Tai X evreicrfXevae- 

Tai Ln. Tf. 

36. ovv X Se Ln. txt. Tf. 

— KaTa^LOidrjre X KaTi(rxvo~r]T€ 

Alx. 

— Tavra navra X navra ravra 

Ln. mg. ; [oni. ravra Cst.] 
35. eV T<5 tep« SiSdcr/fcoi/ X ^t^- 
eV TO) tepo) Tf. Ln. mg. 

Chap. XXII. 

3. 6 '2aTavas, om. 6 Gb. Sch. Ln, 

Tf. 

— eTTLKoXovpepov X Kokovpcvov 

Tf. U/a^.] 

4. dpxi-epevo-i., add. Koi rols 

ypapparevaLV Ln. 

— rots crTparqyols, om. to7s Tf. 

— avTou Trapaba avrols X o'^" 

roTy TrapaSo) avrov Ln. txt. 
Tf. 

5. dpyvpiov X o-pyvpia Alx. 

6. /cat €^a)poX6yT](T€v., om. Ln. 

— roC napabovvai X t'''* Trapa- 

So) Ln. mg. 

— auTOiy, i)osf 0^X01; Ln. txt. 

Tf. 

7. eV ^, ow. eV Tf. 

9. flnov X ctVai' Ln. Tf. 

— €TOLpd(j(op€v, add. [croi] Ln. 
10. ovXfh Tjv Ln. [_Alx. s. ei? r^z/]. 

12. dvuiy^ov X ai/ayaiov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

13. c'iprjKev X elpr]K€L Ln. txt. 

14. SobSe/ca, oin. Ln. Tf. 

16. ovKeri [Ln.] ; o?n. ^^J?. 

— e^ avTOV X avTO Ln. Tf. 

17. TTOTr]pLOV,priiim. to Ln. {Alx.'] 

— iavTols X f^S' eavTovs Ln. 

Ute.] 

18. on, om. Tf ; [/ite. s. otto tov 

vvv}. 

— y€vurjpaTOs X yevrjparos Ln. 

Tf 
20. 'i5o"avrcoy /cat t6 Trorrjpiov X 
Kat TO TTOT'fjp. a}(ravT(os Tf. 

— (Kxvuopeuou X iKxvvvopevov 

Ln. Tf. 

23. KGl 6 /lifV vloy X f«t O VtfJS 

p,kv Ln. mg. ; on 6 vtof /LieV 
Tf. [^/«.] 



LUKE. 

32. TTopeverai Kara to topicpe- 
vov X Kara to copiap. no- 
peveTai Ln. Tf [Alx.] 

30. iaOirjTi X '^(rdrjTe Ln. Tf. 

— eV r_^ ^acriXela pov, om. Alx. 

— Ka6ia-qa6e X KaOiaeaOe Gb. 

Ln. Tf. 

31. EiTTC fie 6 Kvptof, o?n. Tf. 

32. iKkeiTrr] X eKkiTrrj Ln. [^Za;.] 

— arrjpi^ov X o-Trjpiaov Ln. Tf. 

UZa;.] 
34. 'O Se eiTre X « tTrei/ Se Ln.mg. 

— ov prj, om. prj Tf. 

— Trpli/ J7 X ^(^s Ln. Tf. lAlx. s. 

ccos ov], 

— aTrapuTjcTT] prj etSeVat pe X 

pe aTrapprjcTT] ciSeVai Ln. 
[Jte.] 
3i. ^aXavrlov X jSaXXavTiov Ln. 
Tf ; e^ sic ver. 36. 

— elirov X eiVai/ Ln. Tf. 

— Ov8ev6s X ovdevos Tf. 

36. oui/ X fie ^te. 

— 7ra)X?;o-ar&) . . . dyopacrdTOi 

X TTcoXTjaei .... dyopa- 
crei Csf. 

37. en, OTO. Ln. [Gb. -*]. [Alx.} 

— TO X OTi Ln. txt. 

— yap [Ln.]^ 

38. eiTTOJ/ X etVai/ Ln. Tf. 

39. avTOv, om. Tf. [^te.] 

42, 7Tap€V€yKelv X napeveyKC Ln. 

[^Z.r.] 

— TO TVOTrjpLOV TOVTO X TOUTO 

TO noTTjpiov Tf. [.<4te.] 

43. ver. 43, 44 [Ln.] 

— dno TOV X "tt' Ln. 

45. avToC, cw. St. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

— avToiis KOLpopepovs X Koip. 

avTovs Tf. 
4 7. "En fie, om. fie Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— avTcop X avTOVs Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

48. 6 fie 'I770-OVS X ^lr](rovs fie 

Tf. 

49. einop X 6t7rai/ Ln. Tf. 

— avT(o, om. Tf. 

so. TOP dovXop TOV dpxiepccos X 
TOV dpX' TOP 8ovX. Tf. 

— aviToO TO ovs X TO ovs avToii 

Ln. Tf 

51. avTOv, om. Tf. 

52. 6 'l/^crotiy, ow. 6 Ln. Tf. 

— c|eX/;Xv^aTe X e^rjXOaTe Ln. 

[^te.] 

53. dX\' X dXXa Tf 

— vpoip ecTTiP X eaTip vpoiP Ln. 

[J/.T.] 

34 



54. auToz^ 3 , om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. :i]. 

[Alx.] 

— TOP oIkop X T^^V oiKiap Tf, 

[^te.] 

55. aAZ/^dj/Tcov Xnepiayj/'dpTcop Tf, 

— (TvyKaBia-apTOiP \ nepiKadi- 

(rdvTU)P Ln. txt, 

— avTcop 1°, o»i, Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— ip peatp X peo'os Tf. 

57. avTOP 1°, ow, Ln. [Gb, =;]. 
[JZx.] 

— Tvpaiy ovK oida avTOP X ovk 

alba avTOP, yvpai Tf, 

— etVei/ X e^^ Tf. [Alx.] 

60. 6 dXe/cToop, OTO. 6 Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

— Xoyov X prjpaTOS Alx. 

— (pccpricrai, add. arjpepov Tf, 

[Alx.] 

62. 6 neVpos-, om. Gb. [^Za;.] 

63. Toy ^Irjcrovp X avTOP Ln. Tf, 

[Gb. f^]. ^Za;. 

64. iTVTTTOP aVTOV TO TTpdcO)- 

TTor, /cai, om. Tf. [Ln.] [^Za:.] 

— avTOP 2°, oj?i. Tf. 

66. dpTjyayop X dirrjyayop Alx. 

— iavTcop X avTcop Sch. [Gb. t^^]. 

— eiVe X etVov Tf. 

68. Kai, om. Ln. Tf. 

— poi, ^ diroXva-rjTe, om. Tf. 

69. pvp, add. fie Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

70. EIttop X eiTraz/ Tf 

71. (Ittov X etVaj/ Ln. Tf 

— ;j^peiai' e^op^P papTVpias X 

e'xopev papr. ;)^peiax' Tf, 

Chap. XXIII. 

1. rjyayep X rjyayop Gb. Sch. Ln, 

Tf, 

2. TO e'Opos, add. T]pu>p Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] 

— Kalaapi (jiopovs X <pdpovs 

Kaiaapi. Ln, Tf. 

— Xe'yoi/ra, prcem. [Ka\] Ln. 

3. €7n]pa>TT]ar€P X r]pa>TT]<T€P Tf. 

7, HptoS?/!', prcem. top Ln, 

8. diXcdP i^ iKavov X f'^ iKOPap 

Xpopoop OeXoap Ln. [.,4te.] 

— TToXXd, oni. Tf. [Gb. ^]. [^/x.] 
II. avTop 2°, o»». Tf. [Ln.] 

— o Te HiXaTOS /cat 6 'HpSdrjs 

X o Te 'Hp, Kal 6 niX,Ln. mg, 
15. avfTTfpyj/a yap vpas npos 

avTOP X dveTTepyj/^e yap av- 

Top npos Tjpds Gb. ~. [Alx.] 
i'].^ApdyKT]p fie fix^i^ uTroXveiv 

avTols KaTii fopTTjp €pa, om. 

Tcr. Tf [Ln.] [Gb.^;]. [Alx.] 



34 



3i 



36 



. dveKpa^av X dveKpayov Tf. 

• Tov Bapa^^av.) top Gb. -♦. 

lAlx.} 
. l3ej3\T}fX€vos X i3Xr;^ets- Tf. 

■ els (pvkaKTjv X eV r^ (pvXaKrj 

Tf. 
. ovi/ X Se Ln. [JZa;.] 

• Trpo(Te<pa)vr}(re,, add. avrols 

Ln. 
. ^Tavpcocrov, aravpaaov X 

(TTavpov, aravpov Ln. Tf. 
. /cai rwi/ a.pxi-€p€cov [Ln.] 
. 'O 5e X Kal Ln. Tf. 
. avTo7s, om. Gb. Sch. Tf. [Ln.] 

• TT)V (pvXaicfjV, om. rrjv Ln. Tf. 
. 2i[xa)v6s rivos KvprjvaiovTOv 

ip^ofievov X ^tp-covd riva 
KvpT]vcuop ipxdp.evovlin.Tf. 
lAlx.] ; Itov, om. Gb. Sch.] 

■ dir X diro Ln. 

. at KOi, om. KOI Ln. [Gb. -♦]. 
. 6 ^Irjaovs, om. 6 Tf. 
. Koiklai, prcem. ai Tf. 
edrjXaaav X edpeyjrav Ln. Tf. 
, Trea-ere X necraTe Tf. 
, aTT^X^oi/ X rfkOov Ln. [^Za:.] 
dpL(TTep5)V X eva>vvp.cov Alx. 
, 6 5e 'lr](T0vs eXeye, Ilarep, 

a(j6es avTols' ov yap o'ldacri 

Ti TTOLOvai [Ln.] 
Kkrjpov X Kkrjpovs Tf. Ln. mg. 

[^te.] 
, Acal oi apxovTes, om. Kal Ln. ; 

prcem. avrov Alx. 
(Tvv avTols, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

[Gb. -»]. .4te. 
6 roO Geoi) e/cXe/cros X o e/c- 

XeKTOff roO Geou Ln. mg. ; 

TOV Qeov 6 cKkeKTOS Tf. 
^Everrai^ov X evenai^av Tf. 
Acat o^os, om. Ka\ Tf. [Ln.] 

^Zar. 

Et ai) X [ft] Ln- 
yeypap.p,evr} X emyeypap,- 

fievrj Ln. [^Za;.] ; ojw. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 
ypdp,p,aariv 'eXXt/wkoTs /cai 

'Pco/ia'iKoiy Kai 'EjBpa'iKo^s, 

om. Tf. [Ln.] [^Za;.] 
Oi»ros eoTti/ 6 jSacriXei*? twi/ 

'louSaio)!/ X o /Sao-. T. 'lov5. 

[ovToy] Ln. txt. Tf. ; lovrds 

ea-Tiv] Ln. mg. 
Xeycov, om. Tf. 
El av X oux* (TV Tf. Ln. mg. 
eVeri/xa avroj, \eya>v X eVt- 

ri/zo)!/ avTO) ec^?; Tf. [^Za;.] 
TO) 'li^aov, Offi. T« Tf. 



I 



LUKE. 

42. Mvr)(r6r)Ti fxov, post [Kvpie] 

Ln. mg. 

— Kvpte, om. Tf. [Ln.] [^Za;.] 

— ev Tjj jSaa-iXei'a X f^S' ^^^ 

^aa-Ckeiav Ln. mg. 

43. 6 'l7;(ro{iy, om. Tf. 

— Xeyo) o-ot X o"ot Xeyo) Tf. 

44. '^Hi' be X Ka\ rjv rjbrj Ln. txt. 

Tf. lAlx.l 
46. TrapaOrjaopiaL X 7rapaTi6ep,ai 
Ln. Tf [Gb. ~]. [^Za;.] 

— Kai raC'ra X ^at roCiTO Ln. 

txt. ; TovTO de Tf. Ln.mg. 
4l7. eho^aae X ebo^a^ev Ln. txt. 
Tf. 

48. BetopovvTes X BeayprjcravTes 

Ln. txt. Tf [^Za;.] 
-- eaVTav, om. Tf [Gb.^]. [^Za;.] 

49. avrov X avro) Ln. Tf. lAlx.J ; 

odfcZ. OTTO Ln. 
^i. o-vyKaTaredeip-evos X o-vy- 
KaTaTi6ep.evos Ln. mg. [^Za;.] 

— OS Kal TTpocrebixeTO Ka\ av- 

Tos TT]v X OS npocrebex^TO 
TTjv Ln. Tf. [Gb. f«]. lAlx.] 
is- avTO 1°, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— avTO 3° X avTov Ln. txt. Tf 

— ovbeTTco ovbels X ovSety ov- 

TTCt) Ln. Tf. [.4Zar. s. ovbels 
ovbenco]. 
54. Kai T}p,epa^ koX Gb. =t. 

— napaaKevrjXTrapao-KevTJs'Lii. 

— Kai crd^^arov, om. Kal Tf. 

[^Za;.] 
^5. Kai yvva^Kes, om. Kal Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. =?]. [at yui^aT/ceff Ln. 
Alx.] 

Chap. XXIV. 

I. /Sa^eos- X ^aOecos Ln. Tf 

— Kai rives avv avrals^ om. Ln. 

Tf [Gb. -]. lAlx.] 

3. Kal elcreXQovaai X etaeX^ov- 

o-at Se Ln. Tf [^Za?.] 

— TOV KvpLov 'irjaov, om. Tf. 

4. biaTTOpelcrQai \ dnopela-dai 

Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

— Svo dvdpes X dvbpes bvo Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— eadrjaecTLV daTpaTTTovaaisX 

eaOrJTi da-rpauTOvarj Ln. 

5. TO TrpdcrcoTrovX to. TrpocrcoTra 

Tf. lAlx.] 

— emov X cLTrav Ln. Tf. 

6. aXX' X dX\d Tf. 

— o)? X oo-« T,n. mg. 

>]. del TOV vlov TOV dvOpitTrov X 
TOV vibv TOV dv6. on del Tf. 
35 



10. rjo-av beXrjv be Sch. [Gb. ~] ; 

[om. rjaav be Gb. <^]. 

— 'laKa)/3ou, prcem. t] Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 

— at, om. Ln. [Gb. =J]. 

11. pr)p.aTa avroiiv X prjp^ Tavra 

Ln. [i4Za;.] 

12. ver. 12, om. Tf [Ln.] 
15. 6 'Ij/ctoCs-, om. 6 Tf. 

17. /cat eVre, om. Tf. 

18. 6 ets, om. 6 Ln.Tf. [Alx.]; add. 

[e^ avTcov] Ln. 

— (0 ovop.a X 6v6p.aTL Ln. mg. 

— ev, om. Gb. Sch. Tf. [Gb. ~, 

els]. 

19. Na^copaiov X Na^aprjvov Ln. 

mg. 

— Xoyo), prcem. [ev] Ln. 

20. napebcoKav avTov X civTov 

napebcoKav Ln. 

21. dXkd ye, add. Kal Ln.Tf. 

22. opdpiat X opdpival Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
24. Kadoos Kal, om. Kal Ln. 

27. birjpp,rjvevev X biepp.r}vev€V 

Ln. Tf. 

— eavTOv X avTOv Elz. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

28. TrpocreTroielro X TrpocrenoL' 

TjcraTO Ln. txt. [Gb. tv]. 
[Alx:] 

— rroppcoTepco X noppoiTepov 

Ln. Tf 

29. KeKXiKev, add. ^'brj Tf. [Ln.] 

[Alx.] 

30. evkoyrjore X rjvKoyqcrev Ln. 
32. elivov X ^lirav Tf. 

— KaX o>s, om. Kal Ln. Tf. 

Z3- (Tvvr]6poiap.evovs X rj^poi- 

a-p.evovs Ln, Tf. 
34. Tjyepdr] 6 Kvpios ovTcos X 

ovTdS rjyepdr] 6 KvpLOS Ln. 

[Gb. c^]. [Alx.] 
36. 6 'irjaovs, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.]^ 

— Kal Xe'yei avTo7s, Eipjji/?; 

vp,7v, om. Tf. ; add. [eyo) elpn 
p,r) (po^ela-de] Ln. 

38. Start X TL Tf. 

— raty Kapbiais X tu Kapbia 

Ln. txt. Tf. 

39. avTOs eyco elp,i X ^y^ ^^P-t 

avTos Ln. txt. Tf. 

40. ver. 40, om. Tf. 

— enebei^ev X ebet^ev Ln. [Alx.] 

41. OTTO TTJs x^pds Kal 6avp.a- 

^ovToiv X i^oX 6avpL. dno ttjs 
X^pas Ln. 



42. Koi dno fieXLcraiov KrjpLOV, 
om. Ln. [Gb. -]. [Alx.] 

44. avTois X Trpos avrovs Ln. 

mg. Tf. 
- Xoyoi^add.fjLOV Tf.[Ln.]U?x.] 

46. Acat ourcof eSet, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

[Gb. -]. [J?a-.] 

47. dp^ajxevov X dp^afxevoi Tf. 



JOHN. 

[y4te.] ; dp^ap.€va>v Ln. mg. 

48. Se ecTTe, aw. Tf. 

49. dTTOcrreXXa) X ^^anoaTeXKco 

Tf. 

— 'lepovaaXrjp., om. Gb. Ln. 

Tf. 

- bvvapiv e| {'\/rovs X e^ v\//'ovy 

bvvap.iv Tf. 



go. e^o) [Ln.] Gb. -». C^Za;.] 
— eiy 'Qr^BavLav X TTpo? Brjda- 
vlav Ln. txt. 

51. /cai dve({>€peTO els tov ovpa- 

vov, om. Tf. [Gb. -»]. 

52. TrpoaKwrjaavTes avTov, om. 

Tf. [Gb. -]. 

53. 'A/iJ]:/, 07?i. Gb. Sch. Tf. [Ln.] 



JOHN 



Chap. I. 


4o.'HX^oi/ X n^Oav Tf. ; a<W. 


6. 


4. fo)77 ^1/ )( ^cojy eVrti' Ln. txt. 


ovv Tf. [Ln.] [^?a;.] 


8. 


16. Kni 1° X ort Gb. Ln. txt. Tf. 


- clbov X ciSay Ln. Tf. 




[Alx.-] 


- <opa Se, ow. Se Gb. Sch. Ln. 


10 


18. vto? [Gb. -] ; Oebs Ln. mg. 


Tf. 


II. 


19. aTreareiXav, add. rrpbs avrov 


41. 'Hv, add. [Se] Ln. 


12. 


Ln. [Alx.] 


42. npodTOS X rrpaTOv Ln. [^te.] 


- 


20. ouK ei/ii eyco X e'ycl) ouK f i/xl 


- Mecro-i'ai/ X '^leaiav [Gb. f^]. 


15- 


Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 


— 6 Xpicrroy, om. 6 Gb. Sch. 




32. EiTTOv X e"rai/ Ln. Tf. 


Ln. Tf. 


16. 


- ovv, om. Ln. 


43. Ka\ Tjyayev, om. Ka\ Tf. [Ln.] 


17- 


24. ot, om. Tf. [^7a^.] 


- ip^Xifas Se, om. Se Gb.Sch. 


- 


25. eiTTOi' X f^Trav Ln. Tf. 


,Tf.^ 




- ovT€ bis X ouSe Ln. Tf. [Alx.-\ 


— 'icoi/a X ^Icodvov Ln. txt. 


18. 


26. jueo-oy 5e, om. de Tf. [^?^.] 


44. 6 'if^o-oOy, offi. Gb. Sch. Ln. 


19. 


— €(TTr]K€V X CTTrjKei. Tf. Ln. mg. 


Tf. 




27. auroy earti', ow. Gb. Tf. [Ln.] 


— Xeyei avrS, add. 6 'Irja-ovs 


20 


UIx.^l 


Sch. Ln. Tf. 


22 


— OS epTrpoadev pov yeyovev, 


46. TOV vlov, om. TOV Ln. 


- 


om. Gb. Tf. [Ln.] [Alx.] 


— Toii Icocrrjcb, om. tov Alx. 


23 


- eycb, post elpl Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. 


- Na^apeV XNa^ape^ Gb. Sch. 




=:]. [om. Alx.-\ 


[Rec. -]. 


— 


28. Br]dal3apa X BrjOavia Gb. 


47. ^tXtTTTTOs-, jprcem. 6 Ln. Tf. 


24 


^Sch. Ln.'Tf. [Rec. Gb.' c^]. 


48. 6 'iT^crovy, om. 6 Ln. Tf. 


- 


— IcoawT^y, prcem. 6 Ln. 


49. 6 'irjcrovs, om. 6 Gb. Sch. Ln. 


25- 


39. 6 loidvvrjs., om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 


Tf. 




Tf. 


go. 'AneKpidT], add. avTa Tf. 




30. Trept X VTrep Ln. Tf. 


[Ln.]^ 


2. 


31. rj\6ov iytiij €y CO rj\6. Ijn.vng. 


— KOI Xeyei, om. Tf. [Ln.] 




- r<5 uSart, ow. roi Ln. [Gb. -]. 


— auTo), om. Ln. Tf. 


— 


[^te.] 


- et 6 ^aaiXevs X /Sao". f? 




32. wo-ei X 6)? Gb. Sell. Ln. Tf. 


Ln. Tf. 




Zl. OVTOS icTTiv X aVTOS icTTLV 


gi. E?5oV, prmm. otl Ln. Tf. 


3- 


Ln. mg. 


- o\|^ei X o-^T} Gb- Sch. Ln. Tf. 




35. 6 'icoaj/i/?;?, (>?«. 6 Ln. Tf. 


52. dir (ipTiy om. Ln.Tf. [Gb. ^]. 


i- 


36. rov 9eoO, o^/f?. [6 a'iputv ttjv 


[^te.] 




apapriav tov Koapov] Ln. 




10. 


38. arTpa<f)(ls Se, o?w. 6e C'v<. 


Chap. IL 




39. ttTroi/ / flnav Ln. Tf. 


I. r^ i7pfpa T^ TpLTT] X Tf; rpt- 


13- 


— eppTjvevopevov X pedcpprj- 


TJ; rjpepa Ln. mg. 


14. 


vtvopfpov Ln. [.,4^.] 


4. Aeyet, prccm. {kiil] Ln. [J/.t'.] 




40. i^cTf X '6y\rc(T6e Tf. [Gb. ~]. 


6. vdplai Xidivai X XldivaL vdp. 


15- 


[^te] 


Ln. txt. Tf. 





KCLpcvai, post 'louSaicoj/ Tf. 
Kat rjveyKav X 01 5e rjveyKav 

Ln. mg. [^te.] 
Tore [Ln.] 

r)7i' dpx^jVy om. tt)V Ln. Tf. 
aSeX<j!)oi avTOv X avTov [Ln.] 
epeivav X epetvev Ln. mg. 
TO K€ppa X Ttt KeppaTU Ln. 

mg. [^te.] 

pj7 TTOiftTe, proem, [xat] Ln. 
^EpvTj(rdr](Tav Se, [Se] Ln. 
KaT€^aye X KaTacjidycTai Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
eiTTov X eiTrai/ Ln. Tf 
6 'It^ctoO?, ow. 6 Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

15]. [^te.]^ 

EiTTOv X f tTrai/ Ln. Tf. 
avTols, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
w eiVev X ov elrrev Ln. 
*Iepo(7oXvpoty, prcem. Tols 
Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 
eV T^ ^opTT], [fV] Ln. 
6 'It/ctoCs', o??i. 6 Ln. Tf. 
iavTov X avTov Ln. Tf 
Tou dvOpoiTVOV., om. tov Ln 

Chap. III. 

Toi/ 'l7;o-oi)j' X avTov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 
TavTU TO. (TTjpeia bvvarai X 

bvvaTai TavTa to. a-qpela 

Ln. Tf [Alx.'] 
6 ^lr]iTovs, om. 6 Ln. Tf. [Gb, 

^■]. [Alx.-] 

6 'ir^o'oCy, o??i. 6 Gb. Ln. Tf ; 

[add. Ka\ elnev cwtS Alx.] 
6 ^Irjaovst om. 6 Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf 

6 S)u eV T<w ovpavw Gb. -♦. 
v^(o6rjvai del X 5ft v\lr<i)drj- 

vai Ln. mg. 
6tf avTovX^TT avTovljU. txt. ; 

eV avTw Tf Ln. mg. 



I J. /it) aTToXrjTai, dXX', om. Tf. 
[Lu.] [Gb.^]. lAlx.'] 

17. avroO, om. Alx. 

18. 6 Se, [Se] Ln. 

19. TTOvrjpa avTcov X avTcov tto- 

VTjpa Ln. Tf. U^a;.] 
25. 'lovSai'cDi' X 'lovdalov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. [Rec. Gb. ~]. 
38. noL^ om. Cst. 

— OvK elfju eyo> X ^y^ ovk el/A 

Ln. txt. 

31. indvoi ndvTcov eVrt, 32. Koi 

Gb. ^ ; [om. .i4?x.] 

32. Kai 6 idypuKe, [Km] Ln. 

— TovTO Gb. :5. [^Za;.] 

34- o Geo?, ow. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb.^]. 

Ulx.] 
3^. yueVet X /xem Gb, "v. 

Chap. IV. 

I. Kvpios X 'Ij/ctovs ^te. 
a. 'louSaiav, ck^cZ. y^i/ .^to, 
3. TrdXiv Gb. -*. [Cs^.] 
^. Su^dp X Si^dp Elz. 

— 6 edoxev X o^ edcoKev Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
6. a)crei X wy Ln. Tf. lAlx.] 
*]. nielv X TTti/ Tf. 
9. TTietf X TTtv Ln. Tf, 

— ovarjs yvvacKos '2a[iapeLrL- 

dos X yt^*'- 'Stajxap. ovarjs 
Ln. Tf. [^Zar.] 

10. TTuTv X TTII/ Tf. 

13. 6 'li^crou?, om, 6 Gb, Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

14. ov jXYj bv\fr)(Tr] els Tov alatva' 

dXka TO vdap 6 daxrco av- 
ra [Ln.] ; {bi^\tr](TeL Ln. Tf. 
iAlx. et o eyo) Alx.}) 

16. o 'It^o-oOs, om. Tf. ; wra. 6 Ln. ; 

['ij^crouy] Ln. 

— TOV avbpa crov X ^-ov tov 

avbpa Tf. 

17. elrrev, add. [avTco] Ln. [Csi^.] 

— ovk €X(o avBpa X avdpa ovk 

€\a> Alx. 
~ exco X e'x^'S- Ln. mg. 

20. rouro) r« opet X ™ opei 

tovtco Gb. Sch. Ln. txt. Tf. 

— 8el Trpoa-Kwelv X TrpocrKvveiv 

bel Ln. Tf. {Alx.} 

21. Fui/at, ^osi iiOL Tf. Ln. mg. 

[Gb. f^]. [Alx.-\ 

— nlcFTevaov X TTiaTcve Ln. 

Tf [Gb. c^]. [^te.] 
23. dXX' X dXXd Ln. Tf 
27. iOavfjiaa-av \ idavp,a^ov Gb. 

Sch, Ln, Tf. 



JOHN. 

29, oo-a X a Tf. 

30, ^'E^rjkOov, prcem. [kcuI Ln. 

— ow, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

31, 'Ey fie, om. 5e Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 

[Gb. ^]. 

34. 7ro{«S X 7roLr](r<o Ln. [Gb. ««]. 

Alx. 

35. €Ti Gb. -♦. [Alx.] 

— TeTpdjxr]v6v\T€Tpdp.riv6s (j(b. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

36. /cai 6 3epi^a>v, om. koi Gb. 

Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 

— Kol 6 (TTreipcov, om. Koi Tf. 

[Alx.] 
S). 6 dXrjdLvos^ 6 Gb. -♦. [Alx.] 
39. oara X a Tf, [Alx.] 
42.''OTi [Ln.] 

— 6 XpicTTOs, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

=J]. [^Za;.] 

43. /cai aTr^X^ev, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

[Gb. -*]. Alx. 

44. 6 'It^o-oOs', om. d Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

45. d X oara Ln. Tf. C^Za;.] 

46. d 'iT^troCff, o??i. Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] ; (jx)s^ TrdXci' Sch.) 

47. avTOV 2°, om. Tf [Ln.] ^te. 

— to X oy Ln. [Alx.] 

^o. Kal eiria-Tevcrev, om. Kol Tf. 
[Ln.] [Gb. -]. 

— d 'It^o-oCs 2°, om. 6 Elz. St. 

Gb. [Gb. ~]. [Alx.] 
ii. dTTr]VTr)crav X virrjvTrjcrav Ln. 
Tf [^te.] 

— nais (TOV X Trats avTov Ln. ; 

vto? avroO Alx. 
52. Trap' avTcov ttjv aypav X '"'71' 
Qjp. Trap' avT. Ln. Tf. [y4te.] 

— KoX elTTOV X etVoi' GUI' Tf. 

— Xdes X e'x^^^ ^^- Tf- [Gb.^]. 

^3.'''0rt, om. Ln. [^to.] 
Chap. V. 

1. eopTj), prmm. rj Tf. 

— d 'ijyo-oiiy, om. d Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

=J]. ^te. 

2. Br]de(rbdXBr]d(ra'ida Ln. mg. 
3.77oXu, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. =J]. 

— eK8exop.€Vcov Tr}v tov vduTOs 

Kivrj(TLV. 4. ayyikosyap KaTO. 
Kaipov KUTe^aivev iv Trj ko- 
XvpjSrjdpa, KOL eTapaacre 

TO v8cOp' 6 OVV TTpCOTOS € fl- 
eets [xeTO. TTjv TapaxTjV tov 
v8aTOS, vyirjs iylveTO, a 
dr]7roT€ KaTeix^TO voarjp-aTt, 
37 



ad Jin. ver. 4, om. Tf. [Gb. ={]. 

4. dyyeXos ydp, add. [Kvplov] 

Ln. [Alx.] 

— iTapaaa-e to X eTapd(r(r€TO 

TO Ln. mg. [Cst.] 

5. TpiaKOVTaOKTOt X rpidKOVTU 

Koi OKTcb Gb. Sch. Tf. (Ln. 
[Koi] ). 

— da-6eveia, add. avTOv Tf. [Ln.] 

Alx. 
7. i3dXX77 X ^d\r] Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
8."Eyeipai X eyeipe Sch, Ln, 

Tf, ; a<Zd. [Kat] Ln. 

10. OVK e^eaTi, prcem. [kol] Ln. 

[Alx.] 

— Kpd^^aTOV., add. aov Ln. 

11. ^ ATTCKpiOr].) prcem. os 5e Ln. 

[^Z«.] 

12. OVV, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. -*]. 

— TOV Kpd^lSaTov aov, om. Tf. 

13. ia^eis X dcrQevoiV Tf. [Gb. ~]. 

14. TL aoi X o"Ot ri St. Gb. Sch, 

Ln. Tf. 

15. 'ArrriXOev, prcem. [kuX] Ln. 

— dj^j^yyeiXe X fnrfi' Tf. Ln. 

mg. ; [sic s. dnrjyyeLKe Alx.] 

16. t6v'It]o-ovv ol 'lov8a2oi X ol 

'louS. TOV ^Irjcrovv Ln. txt. 
Tf [Alx.] 

— Kal i0]Tovv avTOV dnoKTel- 

vai, om. Gb. Tf [Ln.] [Alx.] 

19. a ydp av iKcivos TTOtrj X d 

ydp eKclvos TTOiet Ln. mg. 

20. (pikel X dyaTra Ln. mg. 

25. uKovcrovTai X d/codcrojcri s. 

aKovcrovo-i Alx. 

— ^rjaovTai X irjaovcnv Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 

26. edooKe Ka\ r<5 i;ta) X /^at r<5 

vi« edcoKev Ln. mg. 

27. KOi Kptaiv, om. Kal Ln. [^te.] 

29. ot 8e, om. Se Tf. [Ln.] 

30. rraTpos, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

35. dyaXXtacr^j)i'atXdyaXXta^77- 

z/at Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. ; [post 
Trpbs copav Ln. mg.] 

36. pel^co X fiet^cov Ln. 

— edcoKe X dedcoKev Tf. 

— eycb TTOtS), om. iyo) Ln. 

[^Za;.] 

37. avTos X iKa.vos Tf. Ln. mg. 

— aKTjKoaTe TrtoTrore X 7rd>7rcre 

aKTjKoaTe Ln. [^Zx.] 

38. pevovTa iv vpiv X f»' '^M'^ 

pevovTa Tf Ln. mg. [^Za?.] 
42. dXX' X dXXd Ln. Tf. 
44. Qeov [Ln.] 



Chap. VI. 

3. Koi T)Ko\ovdei X T]Ko\ovd€l 

de Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— edipoiv X eOeoipovv Ln. lAIa:! 

— avrou, offi. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
3. 6 'iT/o-oOy, OOT. 6 Ln. Tf. 

5. 6 'iT/fToC? revs' ocpOaXpovs X 

Tovff o(^^. 6 'It/o-ovs Ln. Tf. 

— TOV ^tXlTTTTOl', 0??l. TOV Ln. 

Tf. 

— dyopdcrofxev X dyopdo-copev 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

6. e/ieXXe X ^fieXXe ^Za:. 

7. avTcov, om. Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

— rt [Ln.] 

9. Iv, ow. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb.-]. [Alx.'] 

— 6 X 09 Ln. Tf. [Gb. >^]. [Alx.] 

10. Se, o?«. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. =t]. 

— XdpTOS TTOKVS X TToXvS X°P" 

Tos Ln. mg. 

— dveTTfcrov X dvenecrau Ln. Tf. 

— 0^1/ [Gb. ^]. [Csf.] 

— 01 dv8pes, om. ol Alx. 

11. Se X ovv Ln. Tf. [^7^.] 

— rot? padr]Tdls, ol de padrj- 

rai, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. ^/ar. 

13. iTrepicraevas X eVeptVcrei;- 

o-aj/ Ln, Tf. 

14. 6 iTToiricre crrjpelov X a eVoi- 

7/crei/ (Tiipiia Ln. mg. 

— 6 'iT^croCy, OJft. Tf. 

15. avTOV 2°, o/re. Ln. Tf. iCst.'] 

— ndXiv, om. Tf. [Gb. =t]. [Cs^.] 

17. OVK X ov'tto) Ln. txt. [Alx.] 

18. bL-qyelpeTO X dteyeipero Tf. 

19. 0)9 X &J<Tfi Ln. 

21. TO TrXoTot' iyevero X iy^vero 

TO ttXoTov Ln. Tf. [^te.] 
23. i^ojj/ X ct'Soi' Ln. [Alx.] 

— eKeluo els o ive^r^crav ol pa- 

BrjTOX avTOv, om. Gb. Ln. 
Tf. [Alx.] 

— liKoidpiov X TrXoioj/ Gb. Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.] 

23. liKoidpta X TrXota Ln. 

— (vxaptcrrqa-avTos tov Kv- 

piov Gb. -». 

24. Kai aurot, om. Ka\ Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— ifKola X 7rXoiri/)ta Ln. [Alx.] 

28. TToiovpav X TTOiojpev Elz. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

29. 6 'ijycroGf, o»i. 6 Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

— 7n(TT€V(rr]Te X ma-TfvrjTe Alx. 
32. ovv Gb. =t. 



JOHN. 

33. Sc'SeoKei' X tScoKei/ Ln. 
33. ^a)j)v SiSovy X StSovs ^a)j)i' 
Ln. mg. 

35. Se, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. =:]. 

— TTfLvdar) X TreivdcreL Ln. 

— dL\(rrjaT] X dfyJArjaei Ln. 

36. ;ie [Ln.] 

38. 6K X OTTO Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

39. narpos, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— auro eV X clvtov Cat. 

40. Se X ydp Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Trepyj/avTOS pe X Trarpos pov 

Ln. txt. Tf. [Gb. eo]. Alx. 

— iyoi [Ln.] 

— Tf) eaxaTT), prcem. iv Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 

42. ow X vvv Tf. 

— ovTos 2° [Ln.] [Gb. -*]. ^te. 

43. ovv, om. Gb. Sch. Tf. [Ln.] 

44. 7rpo9 pe X Trpos- epe Tf. 

— Koi eyco X Kayo) Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— TTJ ecrxdrrj, prcem. iv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

45. roii ©eou, 07n. tov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— ovv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— aKovcras X dKOvcov Sch. [Gb. 

^]. ^^ 

46. rty edopaKev X eoapaKev tls 

Ln. Tf. [^7x.] 

47. etf e/xe, om. Tf. 

49. ro pdvva iv tjj iprjpco X eV 

TTJ iprjpcp TO pdvva Ln. txt. 

Tf. [Alx.] 
ii.r}v iya> Scocro), om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -]. [Alx.] 
52. Trpoy oXXt^Xov? ol 'lovSaiot 

X ot 'lou5. Trpbs aXX. Ln. 

txt. 

— TT^v adpKa, acid. avTov Ln. 

54. Kat eyo) X Kayo) Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— Tjj icrxdrrj, prcem. iv Sch. 

Tf. [Ln.] ' 

55. d\r]du)S X a\r]dr]S his Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. p^]. Alx. 
57. ^^creTOL X C'70-61 Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

^•]. Alx. 
£8. fK TOi) X f'l Ln. Tf. [^/x.] 

— vpcov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =;]. 

Alx. 

— TO pdvva, om. Gb. Tf. 

— Cr)CTeTat. X C^^creL Tf. [Gb. --O. 
60. ovTos 6 Xoyoj X o XD'yof 

ovroj Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

63. XaXo) X XeXaXT^Aca Sch. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. r«]. 

64. aXX' X aXXa Tf. 

65. pov, om. Ln.Tf. [Gb. ::]• -^^a?- 



66. aTTT^X^oi/, ^os< avTOv Ln. 
[^?x.] 

— roiv paOrjTiov, prcem. e'fc [Ln.] 

68. ovv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

69. 6 'KpiCTTOs 6 vlos X o dyios 

Gb. Ln. Tf. [Kec. Gb. ~]. 
[AJx.] 

— TOV ^covTos, om. Gb. Sch. Ln, 

Tf. 

70. 6 'Irjcrovs, om. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

71. ^laKaptoiTrjv X 'icTAcapicoTOu 

Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

— rjpeWev X (peWev Ln. Tf. 

[^Jte.] 

— avTov napadtdovat X Trapa- 
StSoz/ai avTov Alx. 

— &>v, om. Ln. [Gb. =?]. 

Chap. Vn. _ 

I. KOI, om. Alx. ^* 

— /Ltera ravra, anfe nepwirdTei 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

3. decoprjcrcoai X OecopT)crovaiv 

Tf. 

— ra epya (tou X O'ov ^a epya 

Ln. 

4. eV KpvTTTca Ti noiel X Tt cV 

KpvTTTa TTOiel Ln. 

— avTos X aiTO Ln. 
6. ovi/, Gb. =1. 

8. TavTTjv, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =;]. 

— ouTTO) 1° X OVK Gb. Sch. Tf. 

— 6 Kaipos 6 ipos X o f/^^^ '^^'■' 

pos Ln. Tf. [^Za:.] 

9. 6e, o?«. Gb. Sch. Tf. 

— avTo7s X avTos Tf. [Gb. ~]. 
10. ety Trjv iopTrjv, ante t6t€ Ln. 

[Alx.] 

— aXX' X aXXa Ln. Tf. 

12. TToXvy TTfpt avroO rjv X TTfpl 
avTOv rjv ttoXvs Ln. Tf. 

— 8e, o??i. Gb. Sch. Tf. 

14. 6 'It^ctovs", om. 6 Ln. Tf, 

15. Kol idavpa^ov X iOavpM^ov 

ovv Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

16. 'AneKpidTj, add. ovv Sch. Ln, 

Tf. [Gb. cv]. 

19. 8e8ci)Kev X e8(0K€v Ln. 

20. /cat f tTTf, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

21. 6 'l7;crov9, wn. 6 Tf. [Gb. -], 

22. iv cralB^dTa, [iv] Ln. 
24. KplvaTe X Kpivere Ln. 
26. Kai 1° Gb. -. 

— dXr)6a>s, om. Gb. Sell. Ln. Tf. 
29. iyoi 8e, am. 8e Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 



4°. 



io- 



iire^aXiv X ejSaXev Ln. mg. 
rioXXoi de cK Tov ox^-ov X 

€K TOV ox^ov Se TToXXoi Ln. 

Tf. iAlx.] 
^Ori, om. Ln. [Alx.] 
firjTi X M ^^- Tf. [Grb. <v]. 

rouro)!/, o?re. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -]. 
oi ^apia-aioi Koi oi dpxi^- 

pels X oi dpx- Koi ol ^ap. 

Ln. Tf. lAlx.} 
vTTTjpeTas, post OTrecrretXai/ 

Tf. 

avTo7s., om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
pLLKpov xpovov X XP°^^^ P-'-' 

Kpov Ln. Tf, 
evp-qa-eTe, add. pe Ln. 
ouroff 6 Xdyos X o Xoyop ov- 

ros Ln. Tf. 

evprjaere, add. pe Ln. 
epeWov X rjpekXov Cst. 
nt,aT€i)0VT€s X TTio-reuo-aia-ey 

Ln, 
"Aycov, o??i. Tf. [Gb. -] ; Se- 

dopevov Ln. 
6 'iTyo-ovs', om. o Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

=t]. Alx. 

ovdenco X ouVco Ln. 
TToXXoi, OTO. Ln. Tf. 
owi/ €K TOV oxXov X e/i TOV 

oxXov ovv Ln. Tf. [Alx.'] 
TOV \6yov X T'l)!' Xoycov tov- 

Tav Ln. [^Zo;.] ; Tcov Xoycov 

Tf. [^Zx.] 
"AXXot, add. 5e [Ln.] 
''AXXot de X ot Se Ln. [Alx.l ; 

om. 5e Tf. [Gb. =?]. ^Za;. 
ou;(i X ovx Ln. Tf. 
6 Xpio-Tos epx^rat X ^PX^" 

rai 6 XpiCTTOs Ln. Tf. 
eV TO) oxXcp €y€V€TO X eye- 

j/ero €V T&) o;^Xa) Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.1 

irre^aXev X e^aXev Ln. Tf. 
oiVcus' iXdXrjaep X eXaXrjaev 

ovTcos Ln. Tf. u4Za?. 
Qy ot'TOS' 6 avdpcoTTOSj om. 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. -]. ^Z.r. 
oj^z/, om. Tf. 
aXV X a^^^a Ln. Tf. 
iiTiKaTdpaTOL X indpaToi Ln. 

Tf. 
vvKTOs npos avTov X Trpcy 

avTOV npoTepov Ln. [^Z«.] ; 

Trpoy avTov Tf. 
Trap' avTOv irpoTcpov X Tipco- 

roj/ Trap' aurou Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

~]. iAlx.1 



JOHN. 

^a. ilivov X dnav Ln. Tf. 

— 7rpo(f)T]Trjs €K TTJs TaXiXaLas 

X €K rns TaX. 7rpo(f>. Ln. Tf. 
[^Zx.] ' 

— eyrjyepTai X ^yelperat Ln. 

Tf. [^Za;.] 
53. . . viii. II, om. Ln.Tf. [Gb. 3]. 

Chap. Vni. 

3. Trpoy avTov, om. Sch. 

— eV X ^Ti Sch. 

g. XiOo^oXdaOaL X Xt^ci^eii/ 
Sch. 

— Xeyety, g^<^. irepX avTrjs Sch. 
6. Karqyopfiv X KaTTjyopiav 

KUT Sch. 
9. ia-Taxra X owcra Sch. 
10. 'H yvf?) X y^i'at Sch. 
12. 6 'l7;cro{iy aurol? eXaXj^cre X 

avTOis iXdXrjaev 6 lijaovs 

Ln. Tf. [JZ;p.] 

— e/xol X poi Ln. 

— nepiTraTTjcret X TTcptTraT^crr} 

Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 
14. dX?;^?)? eVrti' ^ papTvpia 
pov X J7 papTvpia pov dXr]- 
Brjs i<JTLV Ln. mg. 

— KoX nov X ^ TTov Gb. Sch. Tf. 
16. dXrjdrjs X aXrjBLvrj Ln. Tf. 

[^Za:.] 

19. 6 'Ij^o-ovs', o??i. 6 Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— ^deiTe au X aj* fjdecTe Ln. Tf. 

'UZa:.] ^ 

20. 6 'irjcrovs, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

21. 6 'Ij^ctoC?, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

^]. [^Z:c.] 
23. erTrev X eXeyei/ Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

— TOV KOCrpOV TOVTOV X Tovrou 

TOV Kocrpov Ln. Tf. 

25. Kat eiTrev, om. Kal Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. ^Za?. 

26. Xeyoj X XaXa> Ln. Tf. [Gb.<^]. 

Alx. 

28. avTols, om. Ln. 

— ftov, 07ra. Ln. lAlx."] 

29. 6 TraTTjp, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =?]. 

.<4Za?. 

33. avra X 7i"poff avroj/ Ln. Tf. 

lAlx.} 

34. 6 'It/ctous-, om. 6 Ln. 

— r^y dpapTias Gb. =?. 

38. eycb 6 X a cy<y Ln. ; eycb a Tf. 

— p.ou, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. ^Za;. 

— ovu 6 X oui/ a Ln. Tf. [JZa;.] 

— ecopaKare X rjKova-are Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. c^]. 



38. 



42. 



TO) Trarpi X toO nuTpos Ln. 

Tf. [JZa;J 
li/xwj', om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

.^Za;. 

eiVov X eiTrav Ln. Tf. 
^re X ^o'Te Gb. Ln. [^Zar.] 
av, om. Gb. Sch. Tf. 
ovv, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb.-]. AU. 
ov yey 6vvr]pe6a X ovac eyev- 

vr]6rjpev Ln. 

ovv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln, Tf. 
6 Irjaovs, om, 6 Ln. 
TTUTTjp, prmm. 6 Ln. 
iraTpos, prcem. tov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

Xeyco, add. vp2v [Ln.] 
5e, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
ovv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
elwov X etVai/ Ln, Tf. 
TOV Xoyov TOV ipov X tov 

ipbv Xoyov Ln. Tf. iAlx.'] 
ovv, om. Ln. Tf. 
yevcr€Tai\yevar)Tai Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

els TOV al5>va Gb. -♦. 
(TV, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
bo^d^d) X Bo^do-Q) Ln. txt. 

Tf. 

v/icoj/ X Tjpcov Sch. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 
Koi edv X fay Ln. 
vpcov X iV'^ ^^• 
aXX' X a^Xa Ln. Tf. 
6 'irjaovs, om. 6 Tf. 
SieX^cbi/ 8id peaov avTcov 

Kal TTaprjyev ovTtos, om. Gb. 

Ln. Tf. 



Chap. IX. 

3. 6 'It/o-oOs, om. 6 Gb. Sjh. Ln. 

Tf. 

4. epe X J^/iOff Alx. 

6. enexpto-e, add. avrov Ln.Tf. 

lAlx.} 

— rov Tv(})Xov, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

[Gb. -]. 

7. z/[\//-at [Ln.] 

8. Tvcf)X6s X Trpoa-airrjs Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

9. Se, om. Tf. [Ln.] ; add. eXe- 

yov [ou^laXX'] Ln.Tf.[^Za;.] ; 
tX^yov \otC\ Ln. mg. \_Alx^ 

— 'EKeTi/os-, add. Be Ln. 

ro. IIcos, add. ovv Tf. [Ln.] ^Za;. 

— dvecox^'qcrdv \ rjvecpx^rjcrdv 

Ln^Tf. {Alx.} 

— (Tou X o-oi Elz. Ln. mg. 
[I. Xeyopevos, lyrcem. 6 Alx. 

— Kol elirev, om. Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 



}\ 



. fioL, add. on Tf. 
vnaye, add. vi-^at, Alx. 
Tr}V Ko\vfx^T]6pav TOV X TOV 

Gb. Ln. Tf. [Alx.-] 
Se X ovv Ln. Tf. UIx.] 
Kol vLyj/dfjLevoSy om. Koi Tf. 
, 'Elttov X (irrav Ln. Tf. 
ovv^ om. Ln. Tf. ; [Alx. s. kol 

ewroi/.] 
. ore X fV ^ ^/iepa Ln.Tf. [Alx.l 
. eVi T0V9 6(fida\ixovs fJLov X 

ynou eVt Tous' o(j5^. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
, OvTos 6 avdpcoiTOs ovK eari 

Tvapa TOV Qeov X ovk eariv 

OVTOS napa Qeov 6 avdpco- 

TTOs Ln. txt. Tf. ; [Ln. mg. 

et Alx. om. tov.} 
oAXot, add. Se Alx. 
Aeyovai, add. ovv Ln. [Alx.l 
rjvoi^e X Tjveco^ev, s. aveoi^e 

Alx. 
TV<p\6s rjv X rjv TV(p\6s Tf. 

Ln, mg. 
apTt ^Xerrei X ^XeTTCt apri 

Ln. txt. Tf. [Alx.'\ 
^ATreKpidrjaav, add. ovv Ln. ; 
add. fie Cs^. 

aiiTols., om. Tf. [Ln.] ^te. 
elrrov X eiVai/ Tf. 
avTos rfKiKiav fX^'" clvtov 

epcoTTjcraTe X clvtov iponT. 

avT. TjXiK.. ex^t Ln. Tf. [.4te.] 
ftTToy X ftTrai/ Ln. Tf. 
e/c devTepov tov avdpconov X 

TOi/ ai/^p. €K devT. Ln. txt. 

Tf. [Alx.] 

eiTTOv X eiTrai/ Ln. Tf. 
6 avdpcoTTOs OVTOS X ot/roy 6 

av6p. Ln. 
ow Gb. =t. 
Kai einev, om. Ln. Tf. 

^i* X ^V'?'^ '^"■'- ■^^^• 
de X ouj/ Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
nciXiv., om. Ln. Tf [Alx.] 
ovv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 
et padrjTTjs X p-cidr)TT]s et Ln. 

Tf. 

yap TOVT<o X TOVTio yap Tf. 
dveco^e X fjvoi^e Ln. 
6e, OOT. Ln. Tf [Gb. ^]. ^/x. 
up.apTa>Xa)v 6 Qeos X o Geoy 

up.apT<oXa)v Ln. txt. 
eiTTOV X ctVai/ Ln. Tf. 
Qfov X dvBpoiTTOV Gb. tv, 
Kai ctyre, owi. Ln. ; ad<l. koi 

Gb. Sch. Tf 
8e, cw. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =;]. Alx. 



JOHN. 

40. Kai rJKOvaav, om. /cat Tf. 

[Gb. =?]. ^Za;. 

- ovT€S puT avTOv \ fxeT av- 

Tov ovTCS Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

41. av., om. Alx. 

- ow, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. ^]. 

- j^ ovi/ dpapria vfxa>v p.€V€i X 

at [051^] d/xapriat v/xojj/ /xe- 
youcrt Alx. 



Chap. X. 

. KaXet X 0coz/ei Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

c^]. [Alx.] 
. Ka\ oTaVf om. Koi Tf. [Gb.^]. 
• Trpo^uTa X ndvTa Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
. dKoXov6r]aoi(riv X dKoXovBrj- 

aovaiv Ln. Tf. [^te.] 
. TxdXiv avToXs X ovTols TToXlV 

Ln. ; OTra. avTols Tf. 

■ ort, o?re. Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 

. npo efiov rjXOov X fjXOov irpb 
ifxov Gb. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] ; o??i. 
Trpo e/AoO C's#, 

. etcrti/ X ecrrtj' Ln. Tf. [.iZa;.] 

■ TO. npo^aTa, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

Alx. 
. 6 he fxiaOciiTos (pevyei, om. 

Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. =i]. Alx. 

. yivcoaKOfxat, vtto twv epwv X 

yivoio-Kovcri jxe to, ep,d Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.] 

, p,e Set X hel fie Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

yevrjaerai X yevrjcrovTai Alx. 

. 6 TraTTjp fie X ixe 6 TruTrjp 

Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
. ovv, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -]. Alx. 
. dvoiyeiv X dvol^ai Tf. [Alx.] 
. To2s 'lepoaoXvfxois, roiy Gb. 
=J [^te.] 

KOI ;j(ei,ua)i/, ow. /cat Tf. [Gb. 
->]. Alx. 
, Tou "^oXofxcovTos X SoXo/ico- 

Wff Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
. tlXX' X aXXa Ln. Tf. 
ov yap ecTTe X on ov/c eVre 
Ln. nig. [Alx.] 

Kadojs eiTTov vp.1v [Ln.] [Gb. 
-♦] ; om. Alx. 
uKovei X dKovovaiv Alx. 
ovx apTrdcreL X ov prj up- 
Trdau Alx. 

pel^iov ndvTcov X rravTcov 
pei^oiv Tf. 
p.ov 2°, om. Tf. 
ndXiv, om. Alx. 
KaXci epya X epya KoXd Ln. 
[Alx.] 

4Q 



32. /xov, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

— Xidd^ere p.e X /^f Xi^a^ere 

Tf. Ln. mg. 

33. XeyovTeSt om. Ln.Tf. [Gb. :4]. 

34. 'Eyo) ewra X on e'ycl) erTTOi/ 

Ln. ; on eyo) etrra Tf. [Jte.] 

38. TTia-Teva-aTe X Trto-reuere Ln. 

[JZ«.] 

— TnaTevarjTe X yivwaKrjTe Ln. 

Tf. [^te.] 

— aurm X T^ TvaTpi Ln. txt. Tf. 

[Gb. <v]. Uix. 

39. TraXtj* avTov X avTOV naXiv 

Tf. 

40. epeivev X epevev Ln. 

4t. o-qpelov eTVoirjcrev X enoir]- 

aev crrjfie7ov Alx. 
42. eTvla-Tevcrav ttoXXoX X ttoX- 

Xoi eTTiaTevcrav Ln. [^Za;.] 

— e'/cei ety avTov X f'S avTov 

eKel Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

Chap. XI. 

>?. p.a6r]Tals, add. avTov [Ln.] 

^Za:. 
9. 6 'Ir/crovs-, om. 6 Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— elcriv hpai X a)pat eicrii' Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.] 

13. ol [xadr]Tal avTOv X a^Liro) ol 

padrjTal Ln.[Alx.] ; at/TO) Tf. 

14. ovv [Ln.] 

15. aXX' X aXXa Ln. Tf. 
17. 'EX^coi/ X rjXQev Ln. 

— evpev, prcem. Ka\ Ln. 

— r)pepas rjbr) X '7^'; rjpepas 

Ln. mg. ; om. ^'67; Tf. 

19. fcat TToXXoi X TToXXot de Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.] 

— TCLS irepl X TTjV Ln, 

— Mapiav X Mapta^i Ln. Tf. 

— avTcov, om. Tf. [Alx.] 

20. 6 'iT^crouy, 07n. 6 Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

21. j; Mfip^a, om. rj Gb. Ln. 

[C«Z.] 

— 6 u8€Xcf)6s pov OVK tiv ere- 

BvrjKei X oiiK av direQavev 6 
ddeX(l)6s pov Ln. [Alx.] ; 
oi/K fij/ 6 aSeX. pou eTeOvx]- 
Ket Tf ; [eTedvrjKet X diveda- 
vev Gb. f^]. 

22. aXXa [Ln.]; om. JZa:. 

24. Map^a, prcem. rj Ln. Tf. 

[^jx.] 
28. TavTU X roOro Tf. 

— Mapiav X Mapccip Ln. Tf. 



46, 



4r 



, eKeivrj, add. 8e Aloe. 

eyeiperai X vy^P^V ^^^ 
epx^Tai X VPX^"^^ ^^- ^S- 
rjv, add. eVi Ln. lAlx.'] 
Mapiav X Mapiafji Ln. Tf. 
XeyovT€s X ^6^avT€s Gb. f^. 

lAlx.} 

Mapia X Mapiafx Tf. 
6 'It/o-ous, 07?j. 6 Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
els Tovs TTodas avTov X o.v- 

Tov els Toi/s TTodas Gb. Tf. ; 

avTOv npos rovs nodas Alx. 
avTco, om. Alx. 
aireOavev p,ov X f^ov direda- 

vev Tf. iAlx.li 
YjhvvaTO X edvvaro Ln. 
ep,^ptfi<i>p.evos X efx^pifxrja-d- 

p,evos Ln. mg. 
6 'iT/crovs, ow. 6 Ln. 
TedvrjKOTOs X reXei;r?;KOTOS 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. ^Za?. 
o^j/'ei X ox//-?; Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 

Alx. 
ov rju 6 Tedvr]KCi>s Keijxevos, 

om. Gb. Sell. Ln. Tf. 
6(})daXp.ovs, add. avTOv, s. 

eavTov Alx. 
Kat e^rjKOev^ om. Ka\ Gb. Tf. 

iAlx.1 
avTols 6 ^Irjo-ovs X ^^rjcrovs 

avTols Tf. 

ac^ere, add. avrov Tf. [Alx.'] 
Mapiav X Mapiap. Ln. Tf. 
a eTTOLrjaeu X o eTroirjcr. Alx. 
6 'Irjaovs., om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
a eTTolrjaev X o eTToirjcrev Ln. 

txt. [^Za;.] 

6 'ir^fTouy, om. 6 Ln. Tf. 
(rrjpela TTOiel \ TTOiel crr]p,e7a 

Ln.Tf. lAlx.} 
TTLo-Tevcrovaiv X TTiCTTevaco- 

atv Alx. 
Ka\ TOV TOTTOV, om. Koi Alx. 
diaXoyi^eade X Xoyi^eade 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. Alx. 
7rpoe(p^revaev X e7rpo(pr}- 

Tevaev Ln. Tf. lAlx.] 
e/jLeXkeu X ^'p-eXkev Ln, Tf. 

[Jte.] 
6 'lr]a-ovs, om. 6 Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
crvve^ovkevo-avTo X e^ovkev- 

aavTO Ln. [^Za?.] 
'ijycroiiy ow X o ouv 'lr}(rovs 

Alx. 
Sterpij3e X e/*etj/ez' .^Za?. 



JOHN. 

54. auroO, 07re, Tf. [JZa:.] 

56. ev Tw tepw ecTTTjKOTes X ^(r- 

TTjKOTes iv ra lepa Alx. 

57. /fai 1° om. Ln. Tf. 

— evToXfjv X evToXas Tf. 

Chap. XII. 

I. o reduijKcos, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

— e/c veKpa>v, add. 6 'irjaovs Ln. 
Jf. [^Za;.] 

2.rjv, add. eK Tf. 

— (TwavaKeifxevoiv X dvaKeifke- 

vcdv aiiv Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
4. odv X 5e Tf. 

— els eK Tav p,a6r]Ta)v avTov, 

'louSas 'Sifxavos 'lo-zcaptco- 
r?/? X o 'laKapiaTTjs els e/c 
TOZ/ fxadrjToov avrov Tf. 

6. eix^» '^"' X eX<»J' Tf. [^Za?.] 

7. avTrjV' add. tua Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

~]. ^Za;. 

— TerrjprjKev X TVPWV ^"'^ "T^- 

[Gb. ~]. ^Za;. 

12. epx^rai, post ^Irjtrovs Ln.mg. 

[Alx.] 

— 6 'It^o-ov?, om. 6 Gb. Ln. Tf. 

13. eKpa^ov X eKpavya^ov Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] ; add. Xeyovres [Ln.] 
^Za;. 

— 6 epxofievos, 6 Gb. =$. 

— 6 ^acriXevSi om. 6 Tf. [Gb. 

:^]. (7s*. ; [proem. Ka\ Alx.] 
Ovyarep \ dvydrrjp Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 

Se, om. Tf. [Ln]. [JZa?.] 
6 Ir)crovs, om. 6 Tf. [^Za;.] 
ore X oVi Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[ore Gb. cv]. Cst. 
fjKovae X rJKOva-av Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

KocrpLos, add. o\os Alx. 
TLves "'EXK.r]ves X ''^X\-qves 

rives Ln. txt. Tf. [Alx.] 
Trpoo-Kvvrjcraxnv X TrpocrKv- 

v^crovcriv Ln. Tf. 
^iXtTTTToy, prcem. 6 Tf. 
Acat TTfiXw/ X epx^rat Ln. Tf. 

r^z^.] 

Xey overt, praim. Ka\ Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 
diaKovfj ris X 7"tS' diaKovfj Ln. 

Tf. [JfZa;.] 
Kai eai/ riff, om. Ka\ Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

ro ovopa X toj/ vlov Alx. 
ovv [Ln.] 

earcos X ecrrr}Ka)s Ln. [^Za;.] 
6 'Ij^crovy, om. 6 Tf. [.<4Za;.] 
41 



26. 



30, avrj; ^ (jxovr] X ^ ^o)?^ out?; 

Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

31. Tovrou Gb. =?. [JZa;.] 

34. dTreKpidrj, add. ovv Tf. 

— o-v \eyeLs X Xeyeis (rii Tf. 
-"On Gb. =r. [(7s«.] 

35. />i€^' ii/iwi/ X eV ii/itv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— eats X <wf Ln. Tf. 

36. ea3S X «s Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— 6 'ij/o-ovff, om. 6 Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

40. TrenoipcoKev X enSpcoa-ev Tf. 

[^Za;.] 

— enia-rpacpcoo-t X crrpaffiaxriv 

Ln. Tf. 

— ldcr(op,at X ld(Top,ai Ln. txt. 

Tf. [Gb. t^]. ^Za:. 

41. 0T6 X ort Ln. Tf. [^Za?.] 
44. aXX' X dXkd Ln. Tf. 

47. /xt) Tnarrevcrr} X ^tj) (pvXd^rj 
Ln. Tf. [Gb.t^] ^Za?. ; [om. /u'77 

Gb. cv]. 
49- f| X drr Alx. 

— ed(OKeXdedo)Kevl.n. Tf. [Alx.] 
So. XaXa> eya> X eyo) XaXio Ln. 

[^Za;.] 

Chap. XIII. 

1. eX^Xvdev X n^^^^ Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. f^]. Alx. 

2. yevopevov X yivop.€vov Tf. 

— 'louSa '2ip,ci>vos 'la-Kaptwrov, 

om. Tf. ; posi rrapadol av- 
rov^ habet 'lovSas ^Ip-oovos 
'l(TKapLa>rr]S Tf. [Ln. mg.] 
JZa;. [Gb. c^]. 

— avrov TTapadat X Trapadol av- 

rov Ln. Tf. ; [Kap^iav iva 
Tvapabol avrov ^lovbas 2t- 
pLoavos 'la-Kapi<i)rr]s Ln. mg.] 

3. 6 'lj;oro{}y, om. Tf. [Ln.] Gb. 

:5. [Alx.] 

5. ^aXXei vScop X Xa/3o)i/ vS&jp 

j3dXXei Alx. 

6. Ka\ Xeyei, om. Ka\ Tf. [Gb. =?]. 

^Za;. 

— eKelvos, om. Ln. Tf. 

8. rovs TTodas pLou X /^ou tous 

TTodas Ln. txt. Tf. [^Za;.] 

— ayrco, jposZ 'I^aovs Ln. 

— 6 'Ij^o-oO*-, om. Tf. ; om. 6 

Ln. [^Za?.] 

9. jMou, om. Osi. 

10. 6 'iT/croDy, om. 6 Tf. 

— ov xpf'«i' ^'X^* X ovK exet 

Xpetav Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— ^ X 6t ju,?) Ln. [^te.] ; [rj rovs 

TTodas Gb. ^]. 



36. 



37- 



Ovxi-y prcB)n. 8ti Ln. Tf. 
Koi eXa/3e, om. Kal Ln. 
dvanecroiv., proem. Koi Ln. 

[Alx.] ; Ka\ dveneaev Tf. 
6 StSacr/caXos' /cat 6 KvpLos X 

6 Kvp. Kat 6 StS. Csf. 
eSco/ca X SeScofca ^te. 
eyo), cwffZ. -yap [Ln.] Alx. 
oils X Tivas Alx. 
fxer ifiov X /aou Alx. 
orav yevrjTai, Tno-rexxrrjTe X 

TTiCTTeva-qTe orav yevqrai 

Tf. Ln. mg. 

eav X ai/ Ln. Tf. iAlx.1 
6 ^Irjaovs, om. 6 Tf. 
ovv, om. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 
5e, 07?i. Tf. 

els, add. ck Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
TTvdecrdai tis av c'lt) X f^t 

Xc'yet avrS, elne rts icTTiv 

Ln. Tf iAlx.^ 
€7ri7re(roiv X dvaireacov Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. ~]. [^te.3 
5e, om. Tf. ; o^i/ ^te. 
cKelvos, add. ovTois Tf. [Csf.] 
'ATTO/cptVerai, a^/fZ. ouf [Ln.] 

Tf. ; sic s. add. avrco Alx. 
^d-^as X ifxlSdylras Ln. [Alx.] ; 

/3a\/^a) Tf [^ite.] 
eTTiScocrcd X '^cil ficocro) auro) 

Tf. [Alx.] 
Kal €fi^dy\ras X ^dyj^as ovv 

Tf. Ln. mg. {Alx.l 
didaxriv,, prcem. Xa^dvei Kal 

Tf lAlx.] 

laKapicoTrj X ^IcTKapioiTOV 

Tf [^Zic.] 

TOTf, 07W. ^Zr. 

o 'It^otoO?, oto. o Tf. 
6 'louSay, 0771.6 Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
6 'ir/croOs, 0771. 6 Tf 
evdeois e^rjkOev X e^rjkQev 
evdvs Ln. txt. Tf [^te.] 
ovv, om. St. Gb. Sch. Tf. 

6 Ij^O-oGs, 0771. Tf. 

et 6 Geo? edo^da-dr] iu avTco 
[Ln.] ; cnn. y/te. 

Ort, 0777. y4Z^. 

vrrdyco iyoi X ey*^ I'Trayo) 

Gb. Ln. Tf. lAlx.] 
aL^ra), otti. Ln. 'IT. [Alx.] 
6 'l7;croi)s', 0/77.. 6 Ln.Tf. [.4te.] 
OTTOU, w/r/. eyo) yiZ.r. 
vaTfpov de uKoXovdrjcreis pot 

X dxoX. fif vcTTepov Ln. Tf 

Ute.] 
6 Hirpos, om. 6 Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 



JOHN. 

37. o"ot, twW. vvv Alx. 

38. 'ATreKpidrj avra X diroKplve- 

TGL Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

— 6 'iT/crotiy, 0771. 6 Ln. Tf. [Jte.] 

— (ficovrjcrei X <p(>>vr]aT] Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] 

— dTTapvTj(rri \ dpyrjcrr] Ln. txt. 

Tf. r^te.] 

Chap. XIV. 

2. TTopevopai, prcem. OTi Ln. Tf. 
• [Alx.] 

3. Kal iToipdao), om, Kal Ln. 

[Alx.] 

— vplv roTTov X ronov vpiv Alx. 

4. eyo) [Ln.] ; om. Alx. 

— o'ldare, Kal ttjv 686v o'ldare 

X oiSare rfjv 686v Tf. [Ln.] 
Alx. 

5. Kot TTco?, om. Kal Ln. txt. 

— bvvdpeOa ttjv obov ddevai X 

o'ibapev rrjv obov Ln. txt.Tf. 
[Gb. ~]. 

6. iyva)K€iT€ av X ^i' ^beire 

Alx. 
>]. Kal drr apri., [Kal] Ln. 

— ioopaKare avrov, [avrbv] Ln. 
9. TocrovTov xpdfov X ro(rovT6) 

Xpdvat Ln. [Jte.] 

— Kat TToJ?, 0777. Kai Ln. 

10. XaXco X Xeyo) Tf. [.^te.] 

— 6 eV e/iot, 0777. 6 Tf. [Ln.] 

— avTos post TO. epya Tf. 

— rd epya, add. [avrov] Ln. 

[Abc.]^ 

11. ei/ epoi, odcZ iariv Elz. 

— /xot, 0777. Tf [Gb. -»]. ^Za?. 

12. Tov narepa pov, om. fiov Ln. 

Tf [Gb. =;]. Alx. 
14. alTr]ar]Te, add. [/xe] Ln. 

— eyo) TTOiTjO'co X rouro Trotrjaco 

Ln. mg. [Alx.] 
16. Kat eyo) X foyw Ln. Tf. [JZa:.] 

— /xevj; /Lte^' vpcov els tov al- 

cova X p(0^ vpatv els tov 
alcbva Tj Ln. ; [r) peS vpcov 
Tf Alx.] 
!>]. yivwaKei avTo, [avTo] Ln. 

— vpels Se, om. be Tf. [Ln.] 

— errrat X eVrti/ Ln. 

19. (r]a-e(jde X f'7"'ere Tf 

20. yvioa-ecrOe vpels X [^/^f i?] 

yvo)(rea6e Ln. [y/Za:.] 

21. Kni fycb X Kflyw Ln. 'j'f [Alx.] 

22. Kupie, ckZ<Z. Kal Gb. Sch. Tf 
JGb. -]. 

23. 6 'iT/croOr, om. o Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf 



23. 7roiT]crop,ev X noirjo-opiOa Ln. 

Tf. [^Za;.] 
28. ewroi/, 0771. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— naTrjp pov, om. pov Tf [Ln.] ; 

0777. Alx. [Gb. — .] 

30. TovTov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

31. Kal Kadois, [Kal] Ln. 

— eveTelXaro X evroX^v ebcoKev 

Ln. 



Chap. XV. 

TrXeiova Kapnov X Kapirov 
TrXeiova Ln. Tf [.^Zr.] 
peivT) X /^f^'.'7 Li^- nig' 
peivTjTe X pevTjTe Ln. 
peiV?; X M^'^'Zy Ln. 
avra X avTO Gb. ~. [^Za;.] 
TrDp, prcBm. to Sch. Tf. [Gb. 



II 



25- 



~]. 

eai' X o^* I^n- 
alTTjaeade X alrTjaaade Ln 

Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^Za;. 
yevTjaeade X y^vrjade Ln 

^Za:. [Gb. ~]. 
TjyaTTTja-a vpds X i^f ay ^ya- 

TTTyo-a Ln. txt. Tf -<4Zar. 
Tcts evToXds TOv irarpos X 

rou TraTpbs Tas evToXds Tf. 

Ln. mg. 

/LlOU, 0777. Ln. 

peivrj X .7 Ln. Tf. [Gb. f«]. 

^Za;. 

oaa X a Ln. Tf [Alx.] 
vpds Xeyco X Xeyco iipds Ln. 

Tf [^Za;.] 

5w X 8<^H Tf [Cs«.] 
u/iti' X ds iipds Ln. txt. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. ^Za:. 

ei;;(OV X e'LX^oa-av Ln. Tf. [/4Za;.] 
TrenoirjKev X enoirjaev Ln. 

€i;(OV X et'xocraj/ Ln. Tf. 

yeypappevos ev tS vopco 
avTOiV X f Tw i^o/io) avTcbv 
yeypappevos Ln. Tf. [^Za:.] 



Chap. XVI. 

3. vplv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

4. copa, add. avTa>v Ln. [yite.] 
7. edv yap, add. iyoi Sch. Ln. 

[Gb. <v']. 
[o. pov Gb. =: ; 0771. AI.T. 
[2. Xeyeiv vplv X I'ftti' Xeyeiv Tf. 

Ln. mg. 
[3. els Ttda-av ttjv dXrjdeiavX^s 

TTJV dXrjdeiav ndaav Ln. 

[Alx.] ; ev Tfj dXrjBeia ndarj 

Tf. [Gb. ~].'^te. 



i6 



37. 



32- 



avy om. Ln. iAlx!\ 

XrjyJAeTai X Xa/i/Sai/ei Gb. Sch. 

Ln. txt. Tf. 

ov X ovK€Ti Ln. txt. Alx. 
OTi eyo) vnayo) Tvpos top na- 

T€pa^ om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. -»] 

Alx. ; lorn, eycb Gb. Sch. Ln.] 
iya>, om. Ln. [^?a;.] 
To€ro TL earip X ^t fO'rtJ/ 

TOVTO Ln. 

ovi/, om. Gb. Tf. {Alx.} 
vfiels be, om. 8e Ln. [Gb. ^5]. 

dXX' X aXXa Tf. 

\vTnf]v jx€v vvv X I'l'j/ /xei/ Xu- 

irqv Ln. ^Za;. 

e^ere X e|fTe Ln. txt. [^te.] 
aipei X "P^t I^^- ^^*'* 
ort, 07n. Tf. [Ln.] ^Za?. 
oa-a av X ai' Tt Ln. txt. Tf. 

[Alx.l ; [o rt aj/ Ln. mg.] 
iv tS ovofiari fxov, ddxrei 

vfxiv X ficocrct i»/xii/ eV rat 

ovofiari fiov Tf. [JZa;.] 
aXX', om. Gb. Sch. Tf. [Ln.] 
dvayyikS) X dTrayyeXai Ln. 

Tf. lAlx.} 
Tov Qeov, om. rev Ln. ; rev 

irarpos Tf [Alx.} 
irapa X e/f Ln. txt. Tf. [^Za;.] 
aur<5, 0771. Tf. [Ln.] 
Trapf)T](ria, prcE.771. iv Ln. Tf. 
6 'iT/o-ovff, om. 6 Tf. 
j/Ci/, om. Ln. Tf [Gb. ^]. .^Za?. 
KoX e'jLie X '««f'^ Tf. 
e^ere X e'xere St. Tf. Gb. Sch. 

Alx. 



Chap. XVII. 

eTrrjpe X irrdpas Ln. txt. 

[^Za;.] 
Kal ewre, o?re. /cat Ln. txt. 

[Alx.] 
KOL 6 vlos., 0771. Kcd Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =?]. lAlx.] 
crou, om. Tf. 

yivaxricoiai X yivaxjKOval Tf. 
eTeXelooo-a X reXeitoo-as Ln. 

[^Za;.] 

SeScofcds- X eScoKas Ln. [^Za;.] 
Kai e/MOi X KdjLioi Tf 
SeScoKas X edcoKas Ln. 
TeTrjpr]Ka<TL X reTrjprjKav Ln. 

Tf. 

fieScomff X eScoms Ln. 
e'o-Tiv X eio-tt' Tf. [^Za;.] 
SeSto/cds- X eSwKds- Ln. Tf. 
/<at i'yucoaav [Ln.] 



JOHN. 

Acai eyoj X Kayo) Ln. Tf. [^Za:.] 
ovff X « Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
ly/xeis, prcem. Koi Tf. 
eV roj KocTjLiG), om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb.'-»]. [^Z^'.] 
ou? X <» Tf. 
e(pvXa^a, prcem. koX Tf. [Ln.] 

Alx. 
eK TOV Koafiov ovk clp.1 X 

OVK elfXL €K TOV KOCTjXOV Ln. 

Tf. iAlx.] 

(TOV, om. Ln. [Gb. =?]. Alx. 
eyo) [Ln.] ; om. Alx. 
Kol avTol axTiv X wcrii/ /cat 

aurot Ln. Tf. Alx. 
TTicTTevcrovrcov X Tnorevdi/- 

Tooi/ Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 
lu, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. =?]. 

^Za;. 

Kai ey*^ X f dycb Ln. Tf. [Alx.'] 
deBcoKas X ^'^coKas Ln. [JZa;.] 
cafxev, om. Tf. [^Za:.] 



23. Kai ti'a, 07/1. Kai Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
24 



[Gb. -]. 
ndrep X TraTfjp Ln. 

— ofis- X o Tf. 

— BedooKas X eStw^ds' Ln. 

— edcoKas X dedomds Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 
25. ndrep X TraTTjp Ln, 

Chap. XVIII. 

1. 6 'It/ctov?, om. 6 Tf. 

— TMV Kedpcov X Tou 'Kibpoav 

Gb. Sch. Ln. 

2. 6 'Ij^aovs-, om. 6 Tf. ; [prcE!7n. 

KoL Cst.] 

3. ^apiaaiiov, prcem. tQ)V Ln. 

4. e^eXdcov elnev X i^rfkOev Koi 

Xeyet Ln. Tf [^Za?.] 

5. 6 'It^ctoOs', 'Eyd) ei/xt X f'yto 

elpt 6 'Ij^ctovs Ln. mg. ; om. 
6 ^Irjaovs Tf. 

6. ort, om. Ln. [^Za:.] 

— dTT^X^oi' X aTTTJkOav Ln. Tf. 

— eTrecrou X enecrav Ln. Tf. 

7. avTovs e7rr]pa>TT]o-e X e7rJ?p. 

avTOVs Ln. Tf [^Za;.] 

8. dTreKpidr], add. avTo7s Alx. 
~ 6 'Irjaovs, om. 6 Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 

10. wriov X oordpiov Tf. [^Za;.] 

11. crou, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

13. d7r?7yayoi/ X fjyayov Ln. 

— avTov, 0771. Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 

14. dnokeo-Qai X dnodavelu Ln. 

[Gb. f^]. ^Za;. 

15. 6 d'XXoy, om. o Ln. [Gb. :^]. 

43 



34 



36. 



37. 



^1/ yvaxxrhs X "yi^cocrros ^p 
Ln. mg. 
OS- ^v X o Tf. 

TO) dpxiepel X rou dpxiepecos 
Tf. [^Za?.] 

77 naidiaKT] tj dvpcopos too 
neVpw X TGJ XleV. 17 naiS. rj 
6vp. Ln. txt. Tf [Alx.] 
. p.€T avTcov 6 Jlerpos X kol 6 
Iler. jJLeT avT. Ln.txt. [Alx.] 
. avTa [Ln.] 

• eXdXr/cra X XeXdXrjKa Ln. Tf. 
[JZa;.] 

■ TTJ a-vvaycoyfj, om. ttj Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

■ ndvTOTe X iravTes Gb. Ln. 

[Alx.] ; TrdvToOev Elz. ; [Trdv- 

rore Gb. i^ CsZ.] 
, errepcoTas X ^pcoTas Ln. Tf. 

[JZa?.] 
iirepatrrja-ov X ipwTTjcrou Ln. 

Tf. [^Za;.] 
, rail/ VTT-qpeTOiv TrapeaTrjKas X 

7rapeaTr]Ka>s twv virrjpeTcou 

Ln. txt. ; TO)!/ TVapeCTTOiTOiU 

VTTrjpeTMV Ln. mg. 
o 'ij^o-ouy, om. o Ln. Tf. 
'AneaTeiXev, add. ovv Elz. 

Ln. 
. rjpvrjcraTO, add. ovv Cst. 
6 ^Herpos.) om. 6 Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

^]. Alx. 
ovv Gb. =?. 
npcota X Trpco? Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
dXX' iva X dXXd Ln. [^Za;.] 
TTpos avTOVSf prcejn. e^co Ln. 

[Alx.] 

fiTre X ^770-ii/ Tf [Alx.] 
eirrov X eiVai/ Ln. Tf. 

KaKOTTOlbs X KaKOV TTOICOV Tf. 

Ln. mg. 
owj/ [Ln.] 

o ntXaroy, om. o Tf. 
ovv, 0771. Ln. Tf. 
eis TO TrpaLTMpiov ndXtv X 

TrdXii/ ds TO rrpaiT. Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 

avTco 6, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
^Kcji iavTov X dTTo (reavTov 

Ln. 
6 'It^o-oGs-, om. 6 Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
av ol ipo\ rjyovi^ovTO X ot 

e/x. ^yoj/. Gj/ Alx. 
6 'Irjcrovs, 0771. 6 Tf. 
eycb 2° [Ln.] JZa;. 
aiTiav €vpi(TKO) iv avTm X 



€vpi(TK(t} iv avTa alriav Ln. 
Tf. 

39. vfiiv drroXvaa) X "ttoXwctco 

vfuv Ln. [Alx.] 

— vjXLV dnoXvcra) X aTToKva-co 

v/xiv Ln. [^Alx.] 

40. Trdvres, om. Alx. 

Chap. XIX. 

2. T^ K€(paXTJ X CTTt r?)^ K€(f)a- 

Xjjv Ln. mg. 

— 7T€puj3a\ov avTOV^ add. Koi 

fjpXOVTO npbs avTOV Ln. Tf. 
Ulx.} 

3. ibibovv X ediSocrau Ln. Tf. 

4. ^E^rjXdev ovu X '<at i^rjkOev 

Ln. [^te.] ; ow. ow Gb. 

— eV avrto ovbcpiiav oxTLav ev- 

piaKco X ovdeplav alrlav 

€vp[arK(ii iv avrat Ln. ; aLT. 

iv avT. oySe/x. evp. Tf. 
6. aravpoarov.) add. avrov Gb. 

Sell. Ln. [Alx.} 
>]. rjp,a>v, om. Ln. 

— iavTQV vlov Tov Qeov X vi-ov 

Qeov iavTOV Ln. Tf. ; [om. 
TOV St.] 

10. ow, om. Tf. [Gb. :?]. ^Za;. 

— (TTavpcocraL ere, kol i^ovalav 

i'x<^ cLTroXvo-aL ae X drroX. 
ae K. i^ovcr. ej^o) a-ravp. ae 
Ln. Tf 

11. ^ATreKpWr]., add. avTco [Ln.] 

Alx. 

— 6 ^irjiTovs, om. 6 Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.-\ 

— nvSepiav Kar ipov \ Kar 

ipov ovbepiav Ln.Tf. [Alx.] 

— aoL dedopivov X 5eSo/i. croi 

Ln. 

— TrapaSiSov? X napa^ovs Ln. 

12. i^TjTei 6 nikdros Xo HtX. 

i^rjTet Ln. 

— eKpa^ov X i<pavya^ov Ln. 

Tf [Jte.] 

— avTOV X iavTuv Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf 

13. TOVTOV TOV \6yov X TCOI' Xo- 

ycoy TOVTCov Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 
yfte. 

— TOV IBrjpaTos^ om. rov I^n. Tf 

[Gb. zt]. y^te. 

14. <Spa 6e axrei X tlipa rjv a>s 

Ln. Tf [Gb. fo]. ^te. 

— cktt; X TpiTTj Gb. <-J. 

15. Ot 6c iKpavyacrav X ixpav- 

ya(T. ovv iKelvoi Tf. Ln. mg. 



JOHN. 

16. napeXa/3oj/ Se roj/ 'It/ctoCj/ 

Kol drrriyayov., Gb. -♦. 

— 6e X ovv Ln. Tf [Jte.] 

— Koi dTTTjyayov, om. Ln. Tf. ; 

Koi fjyayov Gb. Sch. [Alx.} 

17. roi/ (TTavpbv ovtov X avro) 

Toi/ (TTavpov Ln. Tf. 

— OS X o Ln. Tf. 

20. TTjS TVoXeoaS 6 TOTTOS X O TO- 

TToy T^s TrdXecos Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf 

— 'EXXTyz/ta-Tt/PojLiaVo-ri'X'Pw- 

/LiaiVri/EXXTyi/io-ri Tf [JZa;.] 

23. appa(})os X apa(f)os Tf. 

24. 61V01/ X etVai/ Tf. 

— 37 Xeyovcra, om. Ln. 

26. avTOV [Ln.] 

— tSov X tSe Gb. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

[Rec. Gb. tv]. 

27. 'iSou X tSe Ln. Tf [^te.] 

— avrrjv 6 padrjTrjs X o pad. 

avT. Gb. Sch. 

28. eldois 6 'It](tovs X iS<i^'t' o 

'It^ct. Gb. rvi [^Za;.] ; ^Irjaovs 
eldcos Ln. mg. 

— TrdvTa rjdr] X ^'Sj? TvdvTU Ln. 

Tf [.^Za;.] 

29. ovi/, ow. Ln. 

— 01 5e, 7rkrj(ravTes (moyyov 

o^ovs, Koi X aTToyyoi/ ovi^ 
pecTTOv TOV o^ovs Ln. [^te.] 
31. eVci TrapacTKevr) rjv, ante Iva 
prj p.eivr] Alx. 

— iKeivov X i<eiirq Elz. 

33. avTov rjbrj \ rjdrj avTov Tf. 

34. €v6vs i^rjkQev X i^rjXdev ev- 

6vs Tf Ln. mg. 

35. KdKe2vos X '^"'i ine^vos Ln. 

— ti'o, add. Kai Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb.^-]. ^ , 

36. avTov X ott' avTOv Gb. ^>. 

38. Se, om. Tf. [Gb. =J]. Cs<. 

— 6 ^Icoarjcf), om. 6 Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

=t]. ^te. 

— o arro, o?ra. 6 Ln. [Gb.-»]. [Alx.] 

— TOV 'Irjaov 2° X avTOv Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 

39. rot' ^Irjaovv X avTov Ln. Tf 

[yfZa;.] 

— wcrei X o)? Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

40. ddoviois., iJrccTO. iv Gb. Sch. 

Tf [Gb. =;]. 

Chap. XX. 

4. /cat 6 liWos X o 6e «XX. Ln. 

5. Keipeva tu uOovta X Tct 0^0- 

wa Keipeva Ln. txt. 
10. cavroi/ff X avTovs Tf 
41 



II. TO pvr)pe7ov X t<5 pvrjpeito 
Gb. Ln. Tf [JZx.]' 

— e^o), om. Ln. ; anie /cXatoucra 

Tf [Alx.] , 

14. Kat TavTa., om. Kal Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— 6 'ijyo-oOy, om. 6 Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 

15. 6 'It^o-ovj, oto. 6 Ln. Tf. 

— avTov WrjKas X 'idi]Kas av- 

Tov Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

16. 6 'l^o-oCy, o??i. 6 Ln. Tf. 

— Map la X Maptdp Tf 

— avTw, add. 'E/3pato-ri Sch. 

Tf '[Ln.] [Gb. cv]. 

17. 6 'It/ctouj, o?n. 6 Ln. Tf. 

— TtaTepa p.ov 1°, om. pov Ln. 

Tf 

18. Mapia X Maptdp Tf 

— aTray-yeXXouaa X dyyiX- 

Xovcra Ln. Tf. 

— icopaKe X io)paKa Ln. mg. 

[^te.] 

19. ra)!/ (ra/3j3ar<oi/, om. rcoi' Ln. 

Tf. 

— avvTjypivoL, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

-]. ^ ^ 

20. avTols Tas x^^P^^ '^"' ''''7^ 

Trkevpdv avTOv X '^at T"? 
X^i-pas Ka\ T. nXevpav av- 
Tols Ln. Tf. 

21. 6 'iT^CT'otis', om. Tf, [^te.] 

23. dv 1° X f«'' lin. 

— rii/coi/ i" X Tivos Ln. mg. 

— d<pL€VTai X dcfiicovTai Ln. txt. 

[JZa;.] 

— dv 2° X idv Ln. 

— Ti^cov 2° X Tii/oy Ln. mg. 

24. 6 'It^o-oOs-, 0771. 6 Ln. Tf. 

25. TVTTov X to'ttov Ln. 

— TJ71' X^'P'^ M°^ X /toi^ ■J"')" 

Xeipa Tf 

28. Kal dTreKpldr), om. Kal Gb. 

Ln. Tf [Alx.] 

— 6 Qcopds, om. 6 Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf 

29. Qcopd, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

30. avTov, om. Ln. Tf. 

31. 6 'lijaovsy om. 6 Gb. Sch.Ln. 

Tf 

— ^0)7)1/, add. ala>viov [Ln.] Jte. 

Chap. XXI. 

I. 6 'ir/o-oCy, 0771. Tf. 

— padrjTals.) add. avTov Alx. 
3. ^E^TJXdov., prcon. Kal [Ln.] 

— dvej^rjaav X ivi^rjaav Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf 



evdvs, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

Alx. 

ycvofxevrjs X ytvofxeurjs Tf. 
6 ^Irjcrovs, om. 6 Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 
els X eVi Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. Mx. 
6 'irjaovs [Ln.] 
icr;^u(7ai' X 'ifrxvov Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] 

aXX X a^Xa Tf. 
^XeTTOvaiv X f tSai/ Ln. mg. 
^Ave^T], add. ovv Tf. 
eVi r^? yrjs X eis T'71' y^i' 

Ln.Tf. iAlx.'] 
IxOvcov [xeyakcDV X fJ-eyaXav 

Ix^ixov Ln. txt. [^te.] 
Se, ow. Tf. 
ouf, OOT. Gb. Ln. Tf. lAlx.] 



ACTS. 

13. o 'Ij^ctovs, oto. o Ln. Tf." 

14. 6 'iTjcrovff, om. 6 Ln. Tf. 

— avTov, om. Ln. Tf. [^Za?.] 

1$. 'Icova X 'Icoai/ou Ln. lAlx.} ; 
'Icofiwou Tf. [^?:c.] 

— Trkelov X Trkiov Ln. Tf. 

16. Aeyei avrS irakiv X TTciXtj/ 
Xeyet atiro) Ln. mg. 

— 'Icom X 'icodfou Ln. ; 'Icoai'- 

yov Tf. 
17. 'icom X'lwaj'ov Ln. ; 'Icocii/- 
i/ou Tf. 

— KOI etTTCJ', [Kai] Ln. ; Xeyet 

Ln. mg. 

— (TV Trdvra X Travra (tv Ln. 

Tf. 

— 6 'Ij/o-ovy, o?w. 6 Ln. Tf, 



17. TTpo^ara X Trpo^dria Tf. 

18. o'iarei, add. ae [Ln.] 

20. ^Emo-rpacfyels 5e, ow. fie Ln, 

Tf. [^te.] 

21. ToOroi/, ac7(Z. ovv Ln. 

22. aKoXovdei fxot X jiioi okoXou- 

<9et Ln. Tf. lAlx.} 

23. o \6yos ovTos X o^ros 6 Xo- 

yo? Ln. 

- Kai ovK elirep X o^/^ ewrei/ 8e 

Ln. mg. 

24. ypdyl/-as, prcem. 6 Ln. 

— eVrtJ' 17 fxapTvpia avrov X 

avroO J7 fxapTvpla icrrtv Tf. 

25. ocra X « Ln- 

— ovde avTOV X ouS' avrov Ln. 

- *Afir]v, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



Chap. I. 
I. 6 It^o'oCs', 07/1. 6 Ln. Tf. 

4. Traprjyy^ikev avTo7s X avTois 

TTapfjyyeiXev Tf. 

5. ^aTTTiadrja-ea-de iv ILvev- 

PLOT I X fV TTVevp. ^UTTT. Ln. 

6. e7rr)pa>Ta)V X rjparcov Ln. 
8. jLtoi X fio^ I'll- Tf. [^te.] 

— eV rrdcrrj, om. iv Ln. Tf. [JZa;.] 

10. icrOrjTi XevKT] X eo-drjaecn 

XevKa7s Ln. Tf. [^Za?.] 

11. etTToy X ftTrav Ln. Tf. 

13. dve^rjcrav els ro vnepaov X 

els TO vnepSov dve'^rjcrav 
Ln. Tf. 

— 'laKcojSos Kat 'icoaw?;? X 'ifw- 

ai/i/j^y Kat 'laKw/Sos Ln. Tf. 
lAlx.] 

14. /cat Trj derjaei, om. Gb. Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.] 

— Mapla X Mapiap Tf 

— criu/ ToT? dSeX^oty, om. (rvi/ 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. [^?a;.] 

15. paOrjToiv X dbeXcpMV Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. ^iar. 

16. ravTTjv, om. Ln. Tf [Gb. -*]. 

— Tov 'irjcrovv, om. tov Ln. Tf. 

17. o-w X iv Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— r^piv X t'/^tii' Tf. 

18. TOV pia-Qov, om. tov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

19. ^ AKeXdapdX' AKeXdapdx Ln. 

Tf. 



ACTS. 

20. Xd^oiXXaiSeVo) Ln.Tf. [JZar.] 

21. eV <u, OTO. eV Ln. Tf. lAlx.] 

22. yevecrdai avv tjplv X o-vi/ 

17jmTv yeveadaL Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

23. Bapaa^dv X Bapcra^^dv Ln. 

Tf 

24. eiVoi/ X etTrav Ln. Tf. 

— eK TOVTOiV Tcov dvo eva ov 

e^eXe^co X ov e^eXe^ca eK 
TovTcov TCOV dvo eva Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf 
2^. Kkrjpov X TOTTOV Ln. Tf [Gb. 
~]. lAlx.'\ 

— e'l ris X «^' r)s Ln. Tf. lAlx.} 
26. avTciiv X avTo7s Ln. Tf [^to.] 

CeAP. 11. 

1. dnavTes X Trdvres Ln. 

— opodvpadovXopov Ln. [^te.] 

2. Ka6r]p.evoL X Kade^opevoi Ln. 

Tf 

3. eKdOicre Te \ /cat eKdOio-ev 

Ln. 

4. arravTes X Trdvres' Ln. 

— avTols diroCJideyyecrdaLXdTro- 

(pdeyyecrdai avrols Ln. Tf. 
[JZ«.] 
17. 7rdi/res, oto. Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
-]. 

— Trpos" dXXiyXovs', om. Ln. Tf 

[Alx.] 

— ovK X ov;^ Ln. ; ovx'i Tf. 

— TrdvTes X diravTes Ln. Tf. 
12. dirjTTOpovv X 8ir]7ropovvTO Tf. 

45 



12. av ^e'Xoi X ^f Xei Ln. 

13. p^Xevd^oz^res X diaxXevd^ov- 

Tes Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

14. Ilerpos, prcem. 6 Ln. 

— drravTes X Trdi/res Ln. 

16. 'la)j)X, om. Tf. 

17. Kai eorai, om. /cat Tf. 

— evvTTVia X evvTTviois Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

20. TrpiJ/ ^, om. ^ Ln. [Gb. ->]. 

— TTjV rjpepav, om. rrjv Ln. Tf. 

21. ai/ X ^'^J' Tf. 

22. aTTO rov Geov aTrobedeiype- 

vov X aTToSeSety. aTro tov 
Geov Tf Ln. mg. lAlx.l 

— Ka6a)S /cat, om. Koi Ln, Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. lAlx.J 

23. eK^oTov Xa^ovres, did x^'" 

paiz/ X eK^OTOV fitd ;j(etp6? 
Ln. Tf. [Gb. «^]. ^te. 

— di^e/XeTe X di/eiXaTe Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

24. Savdrov X adov Gb. t^. 

2g. TrpooipcDprjv^TTpoopaiprjvl^n. 
Tf. 

26. evCJipdvOr] X t)v(f)pdv6r] Ln. 

Tf [^?:c.] 

— 77 Kapdia pov X ftov ^ /cap- 

dia Tf. 

— eV eXiridi X f<^' iXTTidi 

Ln. 

27. aSov X afi'^i' Ln, Tf [Gb. H- 
^Alx. 

30. TO /coTtt adpKa dvacrrrjaeiv 



TOP XptcTToi/, om. Gb. Ln.Tf. 
UJx.l 

30. eVl Tov 6p6vov X fTTl TOV 

Opovov Ln. Tf. 

31. ou KareXeicfidr] X ovre ey- 

KareXeicpdr) Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 

— ^ ■^i'X'7 ct^TOv, o?«. Gb. Ln. 

Tf. [ALv.] 

— afiou X "St;!/ Tf. 

— 'ov8e X oure Ln. Tf. [Gb. H. 

Alx. 
3$. TOV 'Ayiov nvevjjLaTOS X "^^^ 
Uv. TOV ay lav Ln. Tf. 

— vvv, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. iAlx."] 

— /SXeVere, p?Ye??i. kol Tf. 

36. otKOf, prcEm. 6 Ln. 

— KvpLOv^ prcern. koX St. Ln. Tf. 

— Ka\ XpiaTcv avTov X avTov 

KOL Xpiarov Ln. Tf. 

— 6 Geo? eTVOLrjo-e X fVot. 6 

Geo? Tf. 

37. TTJ Kapdia X T)7I/ Kapbiav'Ln. 

Tf. 

— 7roiTjcrop.€v X TTOLrjcrcopev Tf. 

38. 6(^7;, o?«. Ln. Tf. 

— eVt ro) ovopaTL X eV tw of d- 

/iari Ln. 

— apapTicov X "J"*^^ apapTiSiV 

vpwv Ln. 

39. oaovs X ou? Ln. 

40. diepapTvpeTO X hupapTvpa- 

TO Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. ^te. 

— napeKoXei, add. avTOvs Ln. 

<r. aarpivoii, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
:?]. ^Za;. 

— r^ Tjpepa, prcem. iv Ln. Tf. 

42. TTj didaxfjt proim. iv [Ln.] 

— Koi TTJ KXacrei, o?7i. Kal Ln. 

Tf. 

43. iyevfTO X eytVero Ln. Tf. 
47. Ka^' Tjpepav ttj ckkXt/ctio. 

III. I. 'EttI to CiiTO 6e Ile- 
rpof X '^ct^ ' Tjpepav eVi ro 
at/rd. III. I. TleTpos fie Ln. 

Chap. III. 

3. Xa/Seii' Gb. =:. 

6. eyeipai X 'iy^i-p^ Ln- ; o'»- 
eyeipai Koi Tf. 

7. jjydpf, add. avTou Ln. [JZa;.] 

— auToO at [Bdaeis X ci* [Bdcreis 

avTOv Ln. 

8. /cat aii/&)i/, OBi. /cat Tf. [Ln.] 

9. avTou TTcis 6 Xaos X Tray 6 

Xaos avTOV Ln. Tf. 
10. T€ X Sc Ln. [^to.] 



ACTS. 

10. ovTOS X avTos Ln. Tf. [^Za:.] 

11. TOV ladevTOs X'^^ov X auroO 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— 'icodi/z/?;!/, praan. tov Ln. 

— TTpo? avToiis Tra? 6 Xaoy X 

TTQS 6 Xaos irpos avrovs Ln. 
Tf. 

— '2oXopcovTosX'2oXopcovos Tf. 

12. Ilerpos", 2'>^'<^in. 6 Ln. Tf. 

13. 'lo"aa/(: /cat 'la/cco/S X Geo? 

'lo-aoK, /cat Geo? 'la/ccb/3 
Ln. [^Zx.] 

— I'/Lteiy, afZcZ. /xei/ Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— avTov^ om. Ln. [Gb. -»]. ^Za:. 
18. avTov TxaOelv tov XpiarovX 

TraOelv TOV XptaTov avTov 
Ln. Tf. [Gb. H. ^Z^. 

20. TvpoKeKrjpvypevov X TvpoK^- 

X^ipLapevov Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— 'It;o-ow XpiaTov X XpiaTov 

^Irjcrovv Ln. txt. Tf. 

21. Trdi/Tcoi' 2°XTa)v Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. ; [Trdvroot' tcoj' Gb. ^^]. 

— avTOv irpocprjTav an alcovos 

X air alcovos avTov Trpo(f). 
Ln. Tf. ; [dir alcovos Gb. =;]. 

22. yap, om,. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— npos Tovs TiaTepaSf om. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. zJ]. Alx. 
22,-a.v X idv Tf. 

— e^oXodpev6r}a€Tai X e'^oXe- 

^pei;(9. Ln. Tf. 

24. TTpoKaTT]yyeiXav X KaTr]yyei- 

Xav Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

25. vtoi, prmn. ol Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. -] 

— hu6eTO 6 Qeos X o Gedy 

dUdeTO Ln. 

— 37/xa)i/ X ti/iii/ Tf. 

— Tco (TTreppaTi, p>r(em. ev Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

26. 6 Geo? dvacTTrjcras X aJ'CE- 

arrjaas 6 Geo? Tf. 

— 'It/o-ouv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— vpcov X avTcbv Ln. 

Chap. IV. 

2. rj7i/ e'/c X Tcoi' Gb. i^. [Cst.] 

3. e^etro, o/ZfZ. avTOVS Alx. 

4. 6 uptdpos., om. 6 Ln. 

— (uo-et X wf [Ln.] Tf. 

5. 7rpea[3vT€povs, prmm. tovs 

Ln. Tf. 

— ypappaTels, praim. tovs Ln. 

'If. 

— eif X eV Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^']. Alx. 
G.^Avvav TOV dpxtepea /cat Ka- 

4G 



'id(}iav /cat ^Icodvvr]v Ka\ ' AXe'- 
^avdpov X'-Avvas 6 dpx- Kal 
Ka'idcpas Kal ^Icodvvrjs Kal 
^AXe^avdpos Ln. 

7. TO) pecrcp, om. tw Gb. Sch. 

Tf. 

8. TOV ^laparjX, om. Ln. 

11. olKo^opovvTcdv X olKo86pa)V 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. ^Za:. 

12. /cat ovK eariv iv aXX(o ov- 

devl T) acoTrjpia Gb. -». 

— ovTe X ovde Ln. Tf. [Alx."} 

14. roj^ 6e X TOV re Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

f^]. Alx. 

15. avvejBaXov X (TVvi^aXXov 

Ln. Tf. 

16. TTOLTjcropev X TroLrja-copev Tf. 

[JZa;.] 

— dpvrja-aadaL X apvelaOaL Ln. 

17. dnetXTJ., om. Ln. [JZa;.] 

18. avTols TO, om. Ln. ; om. av- 

TOt? Tf. [Gb. ^]. [^Zo^.] 

19. Trpos avTovs dnov X eirrcj/ 

Trpd? avTOvs Ln. Tf. [^Za:.] 

20. e'ldopev X e'idapev Ln. Tf. 

21. KoXdacovTai X /coXczcroi/r. Csf. 

22. e'-yeyoj/et X yeyoVei Ln. Tf. 

23. etTTOj/ X eiVai' Ln. Tf. 

24. eiVoi' X etVav Ln. Tf. 

— 6 Geof, om. Ln. Tf. 

25. 6 5ta crro'/Ltaros- X o tov na- 

Tpos rjpcov 8id ILvevpoTOS 
'Ayiov aTopaTOS Ln. 

— TOV Tvaibbs, om. tov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

27. itv dXTjdeias, add. iv ttj tto- 

Xei TavTT} Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
Ulx.-] [Gb. -]. 

28. (TOV 2°, om. Ln. 

29. eVtSe X e(j6tSe Ln. Tf. 

30. X^^^P*^ ^°^i ^"^- ^^'^ Ln. 

— ere, o?«. Tf. 

31. ni/ev/jtarof * Ay t'ou XtoC dyt- 

ov TTvevpaTOS Ln. Tf. 

32. Tj Kapdia, om. rj Ln. 

— T] ■yj/vx''], om. rj Ln. 

— cnravTa X ndvTa Ln. 

33. peydXrj dvvdpei X ^vvdpci 

peydXrj Ln.Tf. 

— TTJs dvaa-Tdcreois, ante x^P'-^ 

re Ln. 
-^ 'ir/o-ou, add. XpiCTTov [Ln.] 
^Za;. 

34. VTTTjpxev X ^i' Ln. 

35. diedidoTO X fiteSt'Sero Ln. Tf. 

36. 'Icoo-^f X 'la>crf](p Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

cv-]. JZ^. 

— UTTO X OTTO Ln. Tf. 



15- 



Chap. V. | 

^Kvavlas ovofxari X ovoiiari 

^Avavias Ln. 

"SaTTcbeipr] X 2a7r(/)€ipa Ln. 
(Tvveidvias X o-vveidvirjs Ln. 

Tf. 
avroi), o?ra. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =t]. 

Alx. 

IleVpoff, prcem. 6 Ln. Tf. 
voa-ipicrao-dac, add. ere Tf. 
^Avaviasi proem. 6 Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. -»]. 
rai}ra, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

Alx. 

8e, om. Tf. 

aur^^ X Trpos avrrjv Ln. Tf. 
6 TlerpoSt om. 6 Ln. 
eiTre, om. Ln. Tf. 
TTopa X Trpos Ln. Tf. 
eyevero X iyiv^ro Elz. Ln. Tf. 
ef r<a Xao) TToXXd X TToXXa 

ei/ T<5 Xa« Ln. 
aTTavres X Traires Ln. 
^okofJLcovTos X ^oXofxauos Tf. 
Kara X '««» fts I^i^- C^?^-] 
kKlvoiv X KXtvapicov Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. ^Zrc. 
eiff 'lepovcraXrjfji., om. els Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. -*]. 

avTOiv, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 
r^ff vvKTos^ om. t^j Ln. 
rjvoi^e X ai/oi|aff Tf. 
VTTTjperaL 7rapay€v6{X€V0i X 

Trapayevop.. vTrrjperai. Ln.Tf. 
/i6i/, OOT. Ln. Tf. 
€^0), om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
npo X eVi Ln. Tf. 
lepeijs Koi 6, o??i. Ln. [Alx.1 
XeycDV, o?7i. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
tj/a, o»i. Ln. 
Ov, o??i. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -*]. 
6 neVpof, o»i. 6 Ln. Tf. 
erTTOf X fwrai/ Ln. Tf. 
i(Tp.€v avTov p.dpTvpes X fi' 

auT<5 pAprvpes eap-ev Ln. ; 

[auTOU Gb. ^ ; oni. ^te.] 
Se, om. Ln. [Gb. -»]. ^Za;. 
i^ovXevouTO X i^ovXovTO 

Ln. [^ia;.] 
^paxv Tl TOVS aTTOCTToXovs 

X ^paxy TOVS dudpaTTOVs 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. [^te.] 
npocreKoXXTjdr) X Trpoa-eKXtBrj 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. ^Za;. 
dpiBp-bs dvbpSiv X dvhpwv 

dpiOpos Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 
oxrel X «^? J^n- Tf. [^te.] 
iKavov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -]. 



ACTS. 

38. edaare X acfiere Ln. [Gb. =^3. 

— avTT] Gb. -♦. 

39. dvvaa-de X 8vuTjarecr6e Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. ^Za?. 

— auTo X avTovs Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Rec. Gb. ~]. ^Za7. 

40. avTovs, om. Tf. 

41. avTov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— dTip.acr6TJvai, ante vnep rod 

oj/o'/x. Ln. Tf. 

42. 'It/ctoui/ roi/ XpLarov X toj' 

XpicTTov ^hjaovv Ln. Tf. 

Chap. VI. 

2. elnov X etVai' Ln. Tf. 

3. ouv X ^'7 I^ii- 

— ddeXcpol, om. Ln. 

— 'Ayiov, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. lAlx.l 

— KaTaaTr}aop.ev X naTao-rrj- 

acop,eu Elz. [^Za;.] 
g. TrXrjpT] X TrXtjprjs Ln. [^Za;.] 

8. iriareais X X"P*'"°^ ^^- ^^^■ 

Ln. Tf. 

9. Kai 'Aaias, om. Ln. 

13. l3XdcrcjiT]p,a, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

— rovrov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
i^. arravTes X Tratre? Ln. lAlx.} 

Chap. YII. 

I. apa, om. Ln. [Gb. =i]. Alx. 
3. eK T^9 cru'yyei'eiay, om. €k 
Tf. [Ln.] 

— yi]v X Ti^i' y^i/ Ln. Tf. [Gb. ?>i]. 

Alx. 
i. avT(0 ?)ovvai X dovvai avra 

Ln. Tf. ; [Sowvat a{ir;7i/ els 

KardaX' avra Alx. 
>]. iav X O.V Ln. 

— dovXevcrcocTLV X SouXcvcrov- 

crtv Ln. [Alx.] 

— el-rrev 6 Qeos X o ©^o? eiVev 

Ln. 
8. 6 'icraa/f, o?w. 6 Ln. 

— 6 'laKcl)/3, om. 6 Ln. 

10. e^etXero X e'^eiXaro Gb. Ln. 
Tf. [^Za;.] 

— oXoj/, prcem. icf)' Alx. 
ii.yrjv AlyvTTTOV X AiyvTrroi' 

Ln. [Gb. f^]. Alx. 

— evpiCTKOV X T]VpL(rKOV Tf. 

12. crtra X o'""ta Ln.Tf. [Gb. e^]. 

Alx. 

— iv AlyvTTTco X ^Is AtyvTTTOV 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. Alx. 

13. rov ^la)crr}(f), om. tov Ln. Tf. ; 

[avTOv Alx."] 

14. rov Trarepa avrov 'IokcojS X 

47 



31. 



35 



loKco/S rov narepa avrov 

Ln. Tf. [^Z:r.] ; ['icuj^iS Gb. 

-]. ^ 

avrov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
Kare^T] 8e X fai Kare^rj Ln. 

Tf. [^Za;.] 

eiff AtyvTrrov, o?n. Tf. 
6 X 9 Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
''Ep.p.bp X '^p-p-^p Ln, Tf. 

[^Za?.] 
rov 'S.vxep' X tov eV '2vxep- 

Ln. 
a>p.ocrev X a>p,oX6yr]a€v Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^Zar. 
erepos, add. eV A'lyvTrrov 

Ln. [^Za;.] 
narepas r]p.Q)V, om. rjp,c!>v Ln. 

Tf. 
eKdera ra ^pecfit] X ra jSpe- 

^77 eKBera Ln. Tf. 
aurov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
cKreOevra 8e avrov X e^re- 

devros fie avrov Ln. [^Za:.] 
ai/ei'Xcro X az/etXaro Gb. Ln. 

Tf. [^Za;.] 
nda-rj oro^ia, prcem. eV Tf. 

lAlx.] 
Ka\ iv, om. iv Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

^Za;. 
epyois, add. avrov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

avrov, om. Tf. 
auroTy acorrjpLav X crcorrjpLav 

avrols Ln. Tf. 
re X Se Elz. Gb. Sch. ; [re 

Gb. '^. Alx."] 
a-vvr)Xacr€v X crvvrjXXacraev 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. Alx. 
vp-els, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =?]. 

^Za;. 

^pa? X i7pa»i/ Ln. Tf. ^Za;. 
X^ey X ex^es- Ln. Tf. 
Kvplov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -»]. 

Alx. 
(pXoyl TTvpos X TTvpi (pXoyos 

Tf. [Gb. c^]. ^Za^. ^ 
edavp,ao-€ X idavp-a^ev Gb. 

Sch. Tf. 
Trpos avrov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

^]. ^Za;. 
6 Geo?, 6is, anfe 'lo^aaK et 

ante ^laKca^, om. Ln. Tf. 
iv <o X e(^' a Ln. Tf. 
avrav X aurot) Ln. 
dTTocrreXft) X aTrocrretXci) Ln. 

Tf. 
diKaa-rrjV, add. i(p r}p.ds s. 

icf)' rjp.a)V Alx. 



L 



36 



37 



(ipXovTa, prcem. Koi Ln. Tf. 
aTTtcTTeiXeu X dneaToXKev 
Ln. Tf. [AIx.l 

eV X^'-P'- X (J"^^ X^'-P'- ^^- T^- 

[Gb. c^]. Alx. 
yfi AlyvTTTOV X TJ} Alyinrrco 

Ln. ; yf} AlyvTTTco Gb. Sell. 

Tf. 

dnoov X ewray Ln. Tf. 
Kvpios, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. :4]. 

vfiav, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

Ute.] 
avTov CLKova-eadej om. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. -]. 
aW X aXXa Ln. Tf. 
rals KopStaty, prcem. iv Ln. ; 

Tj} Kapbla Tf. 
yeyovev X eyevero Ln. 
t'/j.Q)f, o?ra. Ln. Tf. 
'Peixcpav X 'Pe(/)ay Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. cv]. ^Za;. 
eV roty, a?re. eV Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

=t]. ^Za7. 

Gfo) X o'^«>^ Ln. 
cpKodofirjo-ev X oIkoBoixtjct. Tf. 
vaoTy, ojw. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
TaCra 7rdj/ra X navra ravra 

Tf. 
T^ Kapbia X Kapbiais Ln. 

Ute.] 

ws X fa^wy Ln. 
yeyevrjcrde X eyevecrde Ln. Tf. 

[JZj7.] 
dv€(oyp.euovs X ^ir^voiyyiivovs 

Ln! [J?a:.] 
avTwv, om. Tf. 
7T71' ap.apTiav Tavrrjv X rau- 

TT]v TTjv cLfxapTiav Ln. Tf. 



Chap. VIII. 

1. re X Se Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

2. eTTOtrjcravTO X iirolrjcrav Ln. 

5. TToXti/, prcBm. rrjv Ln. 

6. re X Se Ln. Tf. [Jte.] 

7. TToXXcOl/ X TToXXoi Ln. [yiZx.] 

— neydXrj (pcovfj X ^cof^^ /ie- 

ydX?/ Ln. Tf. 
~ ^^hpX^'^^ X €^f}pxovTO Ln. 
'Jf. [/Ite.] 

8. Kal eyeuero X eyevero 5e Ln. 

'i'f. [yite.] 

— X^P" fxeydXr] X ttoWt] ;^apd 

Ln. Tf. 

9. e^L(TTQ>uX f^icTTcivciiv Ln. Tf. 
10. TTavTes, om. Tf. [Gb. -•]. 

— GfoO J7, add. KciKovfXfi>rj Gb. 

Sell. Ln. Tf. 



ACTS. 

13. ra TTfpi, om. ra Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
=J]. Jte. 

— Tov 'It/ct-ou, om. Tov Gb. Scb. 

Ln. Tf. 

13. (Tr]p,€7a Kol 8vvdp.ets fieyd- 

Xas yiVop.€vas X ^vvdji^is 
KOL arjpiela ytvopieva Tf. ; 
8vv. Koi (Trip., pLeydXa yivo- 
p.€va Gb. Sch. ; [peydXa Gb. 
^]. 

14. rbv UeTpov^ om. tov Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.l 

16. ovTTO) X ovbeTtUi Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

pa]. ^Za;. 

17. iiT^Tidovv X eTTeTidecrav Ln. 

Tf. [^Za;.] 

18. Geacrd/zcws' X 'S'^i' Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— TO dyiov, om. Tf. 

19. dv X €01/ Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

21. ivoamov X evavTL Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Jte.] 

22. eeoO X Kvptou Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

f=i]. Alx. 

25. vnecTTpeylrav X VTreVrpe^oi/ 

Ln. Tf. 

— 'lepovaraXrjp. X 'JepocroXviia 

Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

— evriyyeXiaavTO X (vijyyeXi- 

^ovTo Ln. Tf. [JZa:.] 

26. TTopevov X TTopevQrjTi Ln. 

27. r^y ^acLkicra-rjs.) om. Trjs Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. -]. Jte. 

— Off iXrjXvdei., om. os Ln. 

28. Kai Ka6r)p.€vos, om. koX Tf. 

— KOi dveyivoiaKe X dvey'ivco- 

aKev re Ln. ; di/ayii/axTKcoj^ 
Tf. 
30. TOV 7rpo(pT]Trjv'li(raLavXiio'- 
TOV 7rpo(j). Ln. Tf. 

32. KeipovTos X K€ipavT0S Tf. 

[.^te.] 

33. avTov 1°, om. Ln. 

— T77V 5e, om. Se Ln. 

37. EiVe 6e 6 'PIXlttttos, Et tti- 
crreuft? e^ 0X77? r^f Acap- 
fitar, e^ecTTtv. ^AnoKpideli 
de etire, nio-TCuo) tov vlov 
TOV Qeov eivat tov Irjaovv 
'KptaTov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

ClIAP. IX. 

3. KOL €^aLcf)vT]s X €^aL<pvr]s re 
Ln. Tf. 

— TrfpiTjaTpayj/ev avTOV X o^- 

Tov nepuaT. Ln. 
48 



I 



3. drro X eK Ln. Tf. [.^Za:.] 

5. KvpLos elTTcv, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

=J]. ^te. 

— 'irjaovs, add. [6 Na^wpatos] 

Ln. 

— CTKXrjpov croi Trpoy KevTpa 

XaKTi^eiv, 6 Tpe'pcoi/ re Kai 
6ap.j3a)V eiVe, Kijpte, rt /ze 
OeXeis TTOirjaaL ; Kat 6 
Kvpios rrpos avTOv^ 'Am- 
aTT]dt X dXXd dvdcTT-qOL Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 

6. ri X o rt Ln. Tf. [Gb.~]. .4te. 

7. ivveol X eVeot Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

t^]. Alx. 

8. 6 SatiXos-, o?«. 6 Ln. Tf. 

— dvecoyp-evcov X rjveayp.€ua>u 

Ln! Tf. 

— ovdeva X ouSei/ Ln. Tf. _ 

10. 6 Kvpios iv opdfxaTi X eV ■' 

dpd/Li. 6 Kvp. Ln. Tf. [Alx.Ji ■ 

11. 'Ai'aorrds X dvdaTa Ln. 

12. eV opd/MiTi, om. Ln. Tf. 

— dv6p.aTL ^Avavlav X 'Avavtav 

ovopaTL Ln. Tf. 

— X^ 'P'^ X Tas x^^^p(^s Ln. [..^^Za:.] 

13. 6 'Avai/tay, 02ra. 6 Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— dKTjKoa X rJKOvcra Ln. Tf. 

— €7roir](r€ to7s dyiois crov X T. 

dy. crov eTroirjaev Ln. Tf. 
1$. p.0L iaTiv ovTos X ia-Tiv fioi 
ovTos Ln. Tf. 

— edvav.) prcem. to)v Ln. ; add. 

re Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 

17. 'lJ7cro{i$' Gb. =?. 

18. aTreTrecrov X direnecrav Ln. 

Tf. 

— avTOv, ante drrb Ln. Tf. 

— cbo"ei X ^y Ln. 

— TTapaxprjp-a, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. 
^[^?.r.J 

19. 6 SaOXoff, ow. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

20. roi/ XpLCTTOV X Toy 'Itjctovv 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

21. iXrjXvdeL X eXrjXvdev Tf. 

24. TrapcTTjpovv X TrapeTrjpovvTO 

Ln. Tf. [y<te.] 

— re X fie Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

— rd? TTvXas, prcem. Kal Ln. Tf. 

[^^Za:.] ^ 

25. avTov ol p.adTjTa\ X ot p.a6rj- 

Ta\ avTov Ln. [/ite.] 

— KaOrJKav did tov Tfixovs X 

8id TOV ret'xovs- KaQrjKav 
avTov Ln. [Alx.} ; [sic ow. 
avTov Tf.] 



I 



26. 6 SavXof, om. Gb. Sch.Ln. Tf. 

- ds X ^v Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. Alx. 

- €7reipaT0 X ^rrelpa^ev Ln. 

27. Tou 'It^o-ov, o»z. rov Ln. Tf. 

28. iu X ets- Ln. Tf. [Gb. c^]. Alx. 

- /cat Trapprja-ia^ofxevos, om. 

Koi Ln. Tf. [Gb. -^]. ^Za;. 

- 'Itjo-ou, om. Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

29. avTov dviXelv X a^'eXeti/ au- 

Tov Ln. Tf. 

30. avTOV 2°, om. Ln. Tf. 

31. At p,€v ovv eKKXrjcTLai . . . . 

ei)(ov elprjvrjv, olKodop,ov- 
p.€vai KoX TTOpevofxevai . . . 
eTvKrjOvvovTO \ r] p.€V ovv 
cKKkrjcria .... dx^v elprj- 
vr)v, olKodofxovfxevr] Koi tto- 
pevop-im] . . . €7rXr}6vveTO 
Ln. Tf. lAlx.] 

32. Av88av X Avdba Ln. Tf. 

33. Alveav 6v6p.aTi X ovop^art 

Alveav Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

- Kpa^^ara X KpajSuTTOV Ln. 

Tf. 

34. 6 Xpio-ro?, o»i. 6 Ln. 

35. efSov X f^Sai/ Ln. Tf. 

- Au55ai/ X Avbda Ln. Tf. 

36. dyadav tpywv X epya>v aya- 

6a>v Ln. Tf. 

37. VTTepwM, prcem. r« Ln. 

38. fiuo avhpas Gb. -♦. 

- ^97 oKV^crat SieX^eTv ecos au- 

rcoj' X p^ 6K.vr](Tr]S ^leXdelv 
eas rjpojv Ln. Tf. {Alx.'i 
40. 6e\s, prcem,. KoX Ln. [-4Z«.] 

42. TToXXot kivicrTCva-av X ^tti- 

(rrevrr. ttoXXoi Ln. Tf. [JZa;.] 

43. rjpepas iKavas p-dvai avrovX 

avTov rjp-epas Ikuvcls pLelvai 
Ln. 

Chap. X. 

i.fjv, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
[Rec. Gb. ~]. 

2. re, om. Ln. [Gb. -»]. ^Za;. 

3. tt»pav, jjrcem. nepl Ln. [^te.] 

4. ivooTTLOv X epTTpoadev Ln. Tf. 

5. eiy 'loTTTT-qv av8pas X avdpas 

els 'loTTTrrjv Ln. Tf. 

- 2iju,o)i/a, acM.TtvaLn.Tf.[^Za;.] 

- 6? eTTiKaXelraL Uerpos X Tor 

eiriKaXovpevov Jlerpov Gb. 
~. [CTsf.] 

6. otiro? XaXrjaei croi ri ere Set 

TTOiely, o??i. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

7. TO) Kopvr]Xi<o X auro) Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf.' 



ACTS. 

7. aurov, om, Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

8. avrols arravra X airavTa av- 

Tols Ln. Tf. 

9. eKelvcov X avTa>v Gb. f^. [^Za?.] 

10. eKelvcov X avrcov Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

^]. ^Za;. 

— en en e (rev X eyevero Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. f^]. ^Za?. 

11. err' avrbv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— dedep,evov Ka\,om.ljn.Tf. [Gb. 

:*]. ^Za?. 

12. r^s y^s Gb. -». 

— Kol TO. 6r]pia, om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. rt]. JZa;. 

— Koi TO. ipnera, ante rrjs yrjs 

[om. to] Ln. Tf. [Alx.^i 

— ra nereiva, om. ra Ln. Tf. 
14. ^ CLKaOapTov X i^ox dicdd. Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.l 

16. TraXii/ X evdvs Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

=J]. ^Za?. 

17. Kat i§ov, om. Koi Ln. [^Za:.] 

— ^ip,covos, prcem. rod Ln. Tf. 

19. ev6vp.ovp,evov X dievdvpLOV- 

pJvov Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— avTM TO Ilvevp^a X to nv. 

avra Ln. Tf. 

— Tpels, om. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

20. §tdrt X OTi Gb. Ln. Tf. [Rec. 

Gb. ~]. Alx. 

21. Tovs dnearaXpievovs dno rov 

KopvrjXLOV npos avrov, om. 
Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

22. einov X einav Ln. Tf. 

23. 6 Uerpos X at'acrras' Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— TTJs ^lonnrjs, om. ttjs Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
34. KOL rfj X rri he Ln. Tf. iAlx.'] 

— elcrrj\6ov X darikdev Ln. Tf. 
2^. elaeXdelv, prcem. rod Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

26. avTOV rjyeipe X rjyeipev av- 
rbv Ln. Tf. [Alx.'] 

28. Kai efioi X ndpioi Ln. Tf. 

— 6 Qeos ebei^e X eSet^ez/ 6 

Geo? Tf. 
30. vrjcrrevcov^ Koi, om. Ln. [^Za;.] 

— copav, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =?]. 

Alx. 

32. 6? napayev6p.evos XaXr}cret 

aroi., om. Ln. [Gb. -♦]. 

33. rov Qeov X croi) Gb. tv. 

— vno X dno Ln. Tf. 

— Geou X Kvpiov Ln. [Gb. f^]. 

Alx. 

49 



34. aropia, adcl. avrov Alx. 

36. oi/, OTO. Ln. lAlx."] 

37. dp^dp.evov X dp^dpLevos Ln. 

mg. [^Za?.] ; arfrf. [yap] Ln. 

38. Na^aper X Na^ape^ Ln. Tf. 

[^Z«.3 

39. ea-fiev, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ei/ 'lepova-aXrjp., om. ev Tf. 

^[Ln.] 

— dvelXov X Kai dmXai/ [Gb. 

Sch.] Ln. Tf. iAlx.] 
42. avTos X oi^ros Ln. txt. [Gb. 

t^]. Alx. 
44. eneneo-e X '^Ttecrev Ln. 
4^. oVoi X oi I>n. 

— roG 'Ayt'ou TlvevpLaros X tou 

TTZ/. rov ay. Ln. 

46. 6 Uerpos, om. 6 Ln. 

47. KcoXva-ai bvvarai X bvvarac 

KooXvcral Ln. 

— Ka6a>s X t^S" Ln. 

48. ^anriadrjvai, post ev r. oro/M. 

rou Xp. Ln, 

— rov Kvptov X 'li^crov XpL~ 

crrov Ln. [Gb. c^]. Jix. 

Chap. XL 

2. Kai ore X ore Se Ln. Tf. {Alx.'i 

— 'lepoa6Xvp,a X 'lepovcrdXrjp, 

Ln. Tf. 

3. elcrTJXdes, ante npbs av8pas 

Ln. Tf. ; [Alx. s. elarjXde 
Ka\ crvveipaye']. 

4. 6 Xlerpof, OTO. 6 Ln. 

7. rJKOvcTa be, add. Ka\, s. Kal 

fjKovcra 

— (pa)vrjs, prcem. kcil Ln. Tf. 

8. ndv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

9. jLioT, ora. Ln. Tf. 

10. TraXiv dvecrndcrdt] X at'eo'Tra- 

o"^?; TraXti/ Ln. Tf. [Alx.'i 

11. jyp.jyi' X ^p^v Ln. 

12. juoi rb nvevp.a X to nvevp.d 

p.01 Ln. Tf. 

— pLTjbev biaKpivop^evov X p-rjbev 

diaKpLvavra Ln. ; o??^. Tf. 
[Gb. -]. 

13. re X Se Ln. [Alx.] 

— avbpas, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

16. Kvpiov, proem, rov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

17. he, om. Ln. [Gb. -*]. ^Za?. 

18. eho^a^ov X ebo^acrav Ln. 

— ye, om. Ln. 

— ebcuKev els C'^rjv X ety {ooj^f 

ebooKev Ln. 

19. '2re<pdvcp X "^Tecfydvov Ln. 

[Gb. c^]! 

23 



I. €lae\66pT€s X ''^Oovres Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 

■ i\akovv, add. Koi Ln, 

- *EXXjji/t(rras X EXXT^i/as Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. LRec. Alx.'] 
. TTiaTevaas, prccm. 6 Ln. Tf. 
. 'iepoaoKvfMOis X'lepovaaXrjfi 

Ln. Tf. 

• dieXdelv, om. Ln. [Alx.] 

. X^Pf-^i "<^^^- "^V^ I^"- 
. 6 Bapj/a/3ay, o»z. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
=j3. Alx. 

■ avTov 1°, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -]. 

Alx. 

• avTov 2°, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -»]. 

Alx. 
. avTOvs X avTois Ln. Tf. [J?a;.] 

■ eviavTov, prcem. kcll Ln. Tf. 
. iarjjiave X e(rr]jxaiv€v Ln. 

■ fx^yav X iieydXrjv Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

• ocrrt? X '?T'f Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 

Alx. 

■ Koi iyevero, om. Kai Ln. 

[Alx.] 

■ Kaiaapos, om. Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 
. rjxnropeiTO X cvTrope'iro Ln. 

Tf. 

Chap. XII. 

. Kai I8a)v X tScbz/ Se Ln. Tf. 
[Alx.] 

■ T]p.epai, prcem. al Gb. Sch.Ln. 
^[Gb.-]. 

. €KT€Vr]S X ^KT€VU)S Ln. 

• v/rep X Trepi Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^j. 

Alx. 
. efjLeWev X TJp.€Wev Tf. 
avTov TTpodyetu X TTpoaya- 
ye7v avTov Ln. Tf. 
e^eneaov X e^erreaav Ln. 
Tf. ; [eweTrecrav Alx.] 
, re X Se Ln. 
Ilepi^cocrnt X C^crai Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ro]. yfte. 

auTco, 07«. Ln. Tf. [^l/x.] 
Sia 'X VTTO Tf. 
^A<9oi/ X rjXdav Ln. Tf. 
rjvolx^drj X T]VOiyTj Ln. Tf. 
yeuop-evos iv eavT^ X f''^ eav- 

Toj yivop. Ln. Tf. 
e^dXero ,( i^eiXaro Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

Mnpi'af, jyrccin. ttj? Ln. Tf. 
roG Uerpov X airoC Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

e?7roj/ X fiTrai/ Ln. Tf. 
6' TXeyov X S« f iTrav Ln. 



ACTS. 

i^. at/rou eo-Ttf X tcrrii/ avTOv 

Ln. Tf. 
i6. 6i5ci/X ftSai/ Ln.Tf. 
17. avTois, om. Tf. 

— 5e X re Ln. Tf. 

19, rr/y Katcrapeiav, om. ttjv Ln. 

[^te.] 

20, 6 'Hpa)S7yy, o??i. Gb. Sch, Ln, 

Tf. 

21, Kat Kadicras, [koi] Ln. 

23. TTji' Sd^ai', om. Tr)v Gb. Sch. 

Ln. 
25. e^ 'lepovcraXrjp. X «7r6 'le- 

pnvar. s. €^ 'lepova. Alx. 

— Kai 'Icoaw/T^j/, ci?«. Kai Ln. 

[.IZa;.] 

Chap. XIII. 

i.rti/es-, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =;]. 
Alx. 

3. re, o??i. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Tov 'SavXov, om. Ln. [Gb. =J]. 

Alx. 

4. ourot X avTol Ln. Tf. 

— rii'ei'/.taros' tov 'Ajlov X ay/- 

ou 7vv€vp.aTOs Ln. Tf. 

— r37y SeXeuKetav, cwi. rijv Ln. 

[^te.] 

— Tr)u KvTTpoVj om. ttjv Ln. 

[Alx.] 
6. SieX^oz/res Se, add. oXijv Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— evpov, add. av8pa Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
9. /cat drevLcras, 07)i. Kai Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =J]. ^/a;. 
II. roG Kvptov, om. tov Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

— eVeTrecrei/ X eVecrei' Ln. 

13. roi' HauXor, om. tov Ln. Tf. 

14. Trjs IlLiTibias X T771/ IlLatdiav 

Ln. 

15. ecTTi Xoyo? eV G/Ltti/ X t-^'s" 

eariv eV uptj/ Xoy. Ln. [^Zo;.] 
17. 'icrpaj^X, om. Gb. Sch. Tf. 

— AlyvTTTCp X Atywrrou Ln. 

19. CTpOTTOCpoprja-ev X (Tpocfio- 

([)6pr}(Tev Gb. Sch. Ln. [Rec. 
Gb. ~]. 

— KaTeKXnpodorrjaev X '^'I're- 

KXrjpov6p.r]a-ev Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

20. Kai /Mera raOra, w? €Te(ri 

TCTpaKoaioLS Kai TrePTrjKov- 
TaXws ereo^t TerpaKoa: Kai 
TrevTTjK. Kai p-CTa TavTa Ln. 
[Gb. ~]. [Al.v.] 
50 



40. e'0 



45. 



46. 



So. 



Kis X Kfts Ln. 
Bevtafilv X Beviapeiv Ln. 
auroTy roj/ Aa/3iS X Tor A. 

avTo7s Ln. Tf. 
(ivbpa Gb. -*. 
rjyeipe X ^yaye Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

6 ^Icodvmjs, om. 6 Ln. Tf. 
Tivd p.€ X ri e'pe Ln. 
aTrecrTdXr] X e'^aTreo-rdX?; Ln. 

Tf. [^?a;.] 
GfiTz/ X i?/^!!* Alx. 
dnavTa X Trai^ra Ln. Tf. 
olTives, add. vvv Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. 

avTwv rjplvX Tjpaiv Ln. [Alx.] 
devTepcpXTrpcoTO^ Gb. Ln. Tf ; 

[r<M TvpcdTco Ln. pos< yeypa- 

Trrat]. Kec. Gb. >^; [(VZ. j)05f 

ye'yp. Alx.] 
dio X StoTi Ln. 
Tovs TraTepas, om. tovs EIz, 
Kai diro, om. Kai Ln. 
rw vo'/xo), om. r« Ln. Tf. 
e'0 vpdsi om. Ln. 
e'yo) epyd^op-ai X ipyd^opai 

eyo) Ln. Tf. 
epyov 2° Gb. ->. 
6) X o Sch. Ln. Tf, [Gb. 

'E^ioi-rcoy 5e e'/c ttJs avua- 
yooy^? rwv 'louSatcoi/, nap- 
€KdXovu Ta eOvq X i^LOvroiV 
he avToou napeKoXovv Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 

TavTa Gb. -*. 

avTols, om. Sch. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

inipeveLv X rrpoap-iveiv Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf, 

Se X re Gb. Sell. Tf. 

epxopeuco X e^opevoi Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. '[Rec. Gb. <^]. 

GeoO X Kvpiov Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

TOV IlavXov, om. tov Ln. 
Xeyopievois X XaXovpcuois 

Ln. [.-ite.] 
di/riXe'yoi/res Ka», O/??. Ln. 

[Gb. -]. Alx. 
de X re Ln. Tf. [y<Z^.] 
etVov X ftTrav Ln, Tf, 
de, o;?i. Ln. 
Kai ray eGcr;(J7/xoi/ar, om. /cal 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
TOV HapvdlSav., om. tov Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. =:]. Alx. 
avT(ov, om. Ln, Tf. [Ala:.] 
be X re Ln. Tf. 



it 



Chap. XIV. 

dneLdovvTes X diTeidrjcravTes 

Ln. Tf. lAlx.] 
Koi 8i86vTi, om. KOL Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

Avcrrpav, prcem. els Ln. 
rjaav evayyeXi^ofievoi X ev- 

ayy. fjcrav Ln. 
VTidpxi^v, om. Grb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
TrepieTreTraTTjKei X TrepieTrd' 

TTjaev Ln. Tf. ; TrepLireira- 

TTjKet St. 

f}Kov€ X rJKOvaev Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
TTiaTLV ex^iXex^i 7t'l(TTI.v Ln. 

Tf. 
t'q (pcovrjf om. rfj Ln.; add. aoi 

\iya> iv ra 6v6p.aTi rod 

Kvpiov 'Irjcrov XpicTTOV Ln. 

lAlx.l 
fjXXero X 17X0x0 Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

de X re Ln. Tf. 
6 HavXos, om. 6 Ln. Tf. 
jMei/, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 
6 8eXo re Ln. Tf. 
avrav, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
^'deXe X rjQeXov Alx. 
ela-eirrjdrja-au X e^eTTrjBrjaav 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
eV/xej/ r/Ltii' X ^F^*' €<T[xev Ln. 

mg. 
roi/ Qeoi/ tov ^avra X Oeoz/ 

toJi/ra Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. Alx. 
•ye, om. Ln. [^Zx.] 
iavTov X avTov Ln. [Gb. ^]. 
dyadoTTOioov X dyadovpya>v 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. ^Za:. 
]7fiti/ X ^'/^i^ Grb. Sch. Ln. ; 

om. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 
^/xSi; X vficov Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
'Ett^X^oi^ X iTvrjXdav Ln. Tf. ; 

lAlx. hiarpi^ovTaiV avrcov 

KoX 8tdd(TK.a)V eTrrjXdov OTro]. 
eavpov X eavpav Tf. 
vopLLcravTes X vopLi^ovres Ln. 
reOvdvai X redurjicevai Ln. 

[^te.] 
avTOV t5>v p.adr]Ta>v X tcoz/ 

/xa^. avTodV Ln. Tf. 
evayyeXicrdixevol X euayye- 

Xi^op-evoL Ln. Tf. 
'iKOf lov, prcem. eis Ln. [^te.] 
'Az/rio;;^etai', prcem. els Ln. 

[^Za:.] 
npea^VTepovs kut eKKXrj- 



ACTS. 

(riav X '^c't' e'/c/cX. rrpea^. 
Ln. Tf. [^Zo;.] 
24. na/x(^uXiaz/, prcem. rfjv Tf. 

27. d?/?)yyetXaz'X"^'7yyfXXoj'Ln. 

Tf. 

28. e/cei, ora. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

Chajp. XV. 

1. Tre pLr€fjLi'r]a6e X TrepiTfxrjOrj- 

re Ln. Tf. [Gb. c^]. JZar. 

— T(5 e^ei, afZd. roj Ln. 

2. ouy X Se Tf. [^te.] 

— (ju^r^TT^crecos' X Cv'W^'^^ ^rb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. ; [kqi ^rjrrjcrecos 
Gb. =?]. 

3. ^oivLKrjv., prcem. re Ln. Tf. 

4. d7re8exOT]crav X Trapedex^V' 

crav Ln. 

— r/TTO X "TTO Tf. 

6. Se X re Tf. ^ 

7. 6 Geos-jpos^ e^eXe^aro Ln.Tf. 

— eu T]piv X f'i' ^/^tt' Ln. Tf. 

8. avTols 2°, om. Tf. 

9. otiSev X ovBev Tf. 

II. Kvpiov, prcem. tov Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

— Xptarov, om. Gb. Sch. Tf. 
14. eVi, OTO. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =?]. ^Za;. 

17. 6 TTOioiv, o?«. 6 Ln, 

— Travra, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

18. TvcoaTo. X yj'coo-roj' Ln. 

— eari ra Qea rravra to. epya 

avTOV, om. Gb. Sch. Tf. ; rw 
Kvpia TO epyov avTov Ln. 
20. OTTO, om. Ln. Gb. ->. 

— Kai roC TTVLKTov, om. tov Ln. 
23. eTTiKaXovfxevovX KaXovp^evov 

Ln. Tf [^Zrc.] 

— Bapcra^dv X BapaajBIBdv Ln. 

Tf. [^Za;.] 

23. rdSe, om. Ln. Tf. 

— Koi at, om. Ln. [Gb. -*]. Alx. 

24. Xeyoyre? nepLTep-veadai koi 

Tqpelv TOV v6p,ov, om. Ln. 
Tf [Gb.^]. Alx. 
2g. eKXe^ap.evovs X eKXe^afie- 
vois Ln. [Gb. t^]. JZa;. 

28. Twv iivdyayKes tovtu)v\tov- 

Tiov Tccv errdvayK. Ln. [Alx.l ; 
om. TOVTCov Tf. [Gb. ^]. Alx. 

29. Kat TTVLKTOv, Gb. -* ; /cat ttw- 
Kr(Si/ Ln. Tf. 

— rrpd^ere X Ttpd^aTe Alx. 

30. ^X^oi/ X KarrjXdov Ln. [Gb. 

^]. ^Zar. 
32. be X re St. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— eTrecTTTjpi^av X eTreaTrjpKrav 

Tf. 

51 



33. aTTOa-ToXovs X aTTOcrretXaj/- 

ras avTovs Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. Eec. cv]. 
34- eSo|e Se rw 2iXa eTTifxe^vai 

avTov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =t]. 

Alx. 

36. IlauXo? Trpoy Bapvd^av X 

Trpos Bapy. rtaCXo? Ln. Tf. 

— Tip-av, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Trdcrav noXiv X ttoXlv irdcrav 

Ln. Tf. 

37. ej3ovXevaaTO X e(3ovXeTO Ln. 

[Gb. f«]. ^Za?. 

— TOV 'Icodvvrjv X Kat 'loodvvrjv 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. ; Clcodvvrjv 
Gb.~]. 

38. (Tvp,7rapaXaj3e7v X (Tvp-Trapa- 

Xafi^dveLV Ln. Tf. 

39. ow X §e Ln. Tf. 

40. Geov X Kvpiov Ln. Tf [Gb. 

~]. yiZa?. 

41. KiXiKiav, prcem. ttjv Ln. 

Chap. XVI. 

I. els Aep^rjv, prcem. koi Ln. 

\:Aix.:i 

— Avcrrpav, prcem. els Ln. 

— rivoy, o??^. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

3. dnavTes \ ndvTes Ln. 

— TOV TTUTepa avTOV, otl EX- 

Xrjv X ort "EXXtjv 6 iraTtjp 
avTOv Ln. [^Za?.] 

4. Trapedidovv X Trapebibocrav 

Ln. Tf. 

— T^i/ Trpea^VTepcov., om. Ta>v 

Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

— 'lepovcraXrjp^X'^^poo-oXvpois 

Ln. Tf. 

6. AieXdovTes X ^irjXdov Ln. 

[^Za;.] 

— r?7i/ TaXariKj;!', om. ri^y Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.} 

7. e'X^oi'res', acZcZ. Se Ln. [Alx.1 

— Kara 2° X fts' Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf 

— 7ropevea6ai\Ttopev6rjvaLljn. 

Tf. 

— TTvevfia, add. 'Itjctou Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
9. r^s vvKTOs, om. rrjs Ln. 

— a><pdr) Tea UavXaXr. IlauX&j 

cocfidrj Tf. 

— Tis rjv MaKedav X Ma/c. ris 

rjv l,u.; MaK. ris Tf. 

— TrapaKoXav, prcem. Ka\ Ln. ; 

[Alx. s. prcem. Kara rrpoaco- 
TTOV avTov}. 
10. r^v MaKedoviaVj om. rr)v Ln. 



10. Kvpios X ^^os Ln. [Gb. !<>']• 

Alx. 
ii.ovvl de Tf. 

— TTjs TpcouSo?, om. T7]S Ln. 

— Tjj T€ X TU Se Ln. 

I a. eKfldev re X faKet^ez/ Ln. 

— Ttjs fiepldos Gb. -». 

— Tj}?, o?«. Ln. [Gb. :i]. Alx. 

— KoKcovia X Kokcaveia Tf. 

— ravTT] X aiT^ Tf. 

13. TToXeo)? X 7Tv\t]s Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

f^]. Jlx. 

— €VOfXL^€TO X ^VOflL^OfieP Ln. 

— irpocrevxr} X Trpoaevxrjv Ln. 

14. rJKOVfv X TjKOvaeu Alx. 
1$. fielvare X /xeWre Ln. 

16. TTpoaevxrjv, 2)rcem. rrjv Sch. 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. J?a7. 

— IIi/^coz/os' X Ilv^coi/a Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. cv]. Alx. 

— aTravTTJcrac X vnavrricrai Tf. 

17. J7/iti' X vp-'i-v Elz. Ln. Tf. 

18. rco oi/o/iaTt, o»i. tco Ln. Tf. 

19. Tov ^iXav., om. tov Tf. 

20. fiTTOvX eLTrau Ln. Tf. 

22. nepipp-q^avres X rrepLprj^av- 

T€s Ln. Tf. 
24. €lXr](f)(bs X Xal^^v Ln. [Gb. 

— avTwv rjcr(f>a\La-aTO X ^o"</). 

avTcav Ln. Tf. 
36. dvecoxdrjadv X r]vea)x6r](rdv 
Ln.''i'f. 

— re X Se Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

27. fidxai-pav, prcem. rqv Ln. 

— epeXXeu X flp.eXXev Ln. Tf. 

28. (pcdvfj p.eydXr] 6 JJavXos X 

IlauXos (pcourj p.eydXr] Ln. 

29. ro) 2tXa, 0//1. rw Ln. "T. 
31. etVoi/ X erTrai/ Ln. Tf. 

— XpLCTTOv, om. Ln. Tf. [/i?a;.] 

— Koi TTacTL X auz/ TTctfrt Gb. Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.] 
34. avTov, om. Ln. Tf. [.-l/.r.] 

— TjyaXXidaaro X r]yaXXLdTO 

Tf. 

36. rourouf, ohj. Ln. 

— aTrearTuXKacnuX aTreo-TuXKav 

Ln. Tf. 

37. ejiaXov X e^aXau Ln. J'f. 

— T)fjLds.) om. C'st. 

38. ^ AvrjyyfiXu'J X "TTT^yyetXav 

Ln. Tf. [///x.] 

— Kni fcpofiqdrjcrau X €0f'/5. ^e 

Ln. If. 



ACTS. 

39. i^eXOelv X aTTfX^eti/ otto Ln. 

Tf. [^ite.] 

40. eis- X TTpos Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. llec. ~]. 

— Tovs ddeXcpGVs, TrapcKdXe- 

aav avTovs X napeKaX. tovs 
ddeXcf). Ln. 

Chap. XVIL 

1. 'ATToXXcofiai', prmn. ttju Ln. 

— T) crvvaya>yrj, om. r) Ln. [Alx.] 

2. SteXeytro X ^teXe^aro Ln. ; 

[^te. s. 8ieXexdT]]. 

3. 6 XpiOToy, o??i. 6 Ln. 

4. 'EXXjyycov, prcem. Ka\ Ln. 

— TToXv TrX^^oy X ttXtjOos ttoXv 

Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

5. ^T^Xcocravrf? fie ol dnetdovv- 

res 'lowSaloi, koi irpoaXa- 
^6p.€voi Tcou dyopalcov X 
TTpoaXa^opevoi 6e 01 'lov- 
fiaiot ol d7rei6ovvT(s roav 
dyopaioiu Sch. Tf. ; npocr- 
Xai36p.evoi de 01 'lovdaioi 
Gb. 

— oTret^oGi'rej', om. Gb. Ln. 

— Timy (ivBpas., om. Gb. ; az/- 

8pas riuds Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

— eTnardvres re X 'f"' eniaT. 

Ln. [.^?a?.] 

— aya-yeij/ X Tvpoayayflv Ln. 

6. eavpov X eavpav Tf. 

— rot' 'lao-ova, o??i. roy Ln. 

7. Trparrof (Tt X Trpacrcroucrit' Ln. 

Tf. [^te.] 

— Xeyoi/rej erepov X ^Tepov Xe'- 

y Glares' Ln. 

10. Tt)? rUKTO?, OTO. TTJs Ln. 

— rcoz/ 'loufiaicoi/ dirrjeaav X 

aTTTjea-au twv 'IouS. Tf. 

11. TO Ka^', OCT. TO Ln. [Alx.] 

13. craXeiSoi/rey, orW. Koi rapdcr- 

(TOUTes Ln. [yite.] 

14. cos X ^'(^^ Ln. ; [Alx. s. om. 

— vnepivov X vnepeii'eul.n.Tf. ; 

[.4te. s. vnepinvav]. 

— Se X -re Ln. Tf. 

1 5. KciOiaTcovTfs X KadicTTdvop- 

T€s Ln. Tf. 

— avroi- 1° o??i. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

Alx. 

16. dfcopovvTi X deoopovuTOs Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^te. 
iS. Tives 5e, «(Zrf. Kat Sch. Ln.Tf. 
[Gb. ~]. 

— Tcou '2Tco'iK(ov^ om. twv Ln. 

'If. [2ro'iKa)V Ln. Tf.] 
52 



18. oTt rbv^h](TOvv Ka\ rrjv dud- 
aracriv avTols evTjyyeXi^ero 
Gb. -. 

— avTOLS evTjyyeXi^eTo X eirrjyy. 

avTols Ln. ; om. avTols Tf. 

— T] VTTO., om. Tj Ln. 

20. ri ay ^e'Xot X Tiva deXoi 

Gb. ~ [Alx.] ; rtVa ^e'Xet Ln. 

21. evKaipovv X r^vKalpovv Ln. 

Tf. [^te.] 

— fcat QKoveiv X ^ aKoveiv Ln. 

Tf. ; 0f^?fZ. ri Ln. 
23. 6 IlavXoSi <""• o Ln. 

23. buX o Ln. Tf. 

— roCroj/ X TOVTO Ln. Tf. 

24. Kvptos vndpxcov X virdpxoH'f 

Kvpios Ln. Tf. 

25. av^pcoTTcoj' X dv6pa)nlva>v Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. f^]. Alx. 

— Kara X Koi rd Elz. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

26. alfxaTos, om. Ln, [Gb. -*]. 

Alx. 

— Ttdv TO TrpocrcoTTOV X irdvTOS 

TrpoatOTTOv Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— 7rpoTeTayp.€vovs X Trpoare- m 

Tayfxevovs Gb. Sch. (Ln.) J 
Tf. ; [npos T€Tay. Ln.] [Gb. 
Rec. ~]. 

27. Kvpiov X 0^bv Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. ; [Rec. Gb. f^]. 

— Koi evpOLev X ^ evpoiev Ln. 

[Alx.] 

— KaiToiye X Kotye Ln.Tf. [Gb. 

f^]. Alx. 

28. TTOirjToiv Gb. -►. 

30. irdcri X rrdvTas Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

1^]. Alx. 

31. oioTi X KaOoTt Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

<^]. Alx. 

32. cirrov X ^^'irciv Tf. 

— rraXiv irepX tovtov X Jrepl 

TOVTOV Kcii ndXiv Ln. Tf. ; 
[Alx. .9. ojn. Kal]. 

33. Kal ovTcos, om. kol Ln. Tf. 

— 6 ApeoTrayLTTjs, om. 6 Ln. 

Chap. XVIII. 

1. Se, om. Ln. 

— o HauXof, o?«. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

2. e/c X dno Ln. Tf. [/4te.] 

3. et/)ya^ero X rjpyd^eTO Ln. Tf. 

— T](rav yap VKt^voTTOun ttjv 

T€X^^ Gb. -♦. 

— TTjU T^XVqV X Tfl "^^X^V ^'^^ 

'I'f. [Alx.] 
i. 7rv(i)p.ari X X6ya> Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 



$. 'louSatoi?5 CKid. elvai Ln. 

[Gb. ~]. Alx. 
>]. ^\6eu X eicTTJXdev Ln. [Alx.] 
g. 8i opdfxaTOs iv vvktl X eV 

vvktI 8l opafxaTos Ln. 

11. re X 8e Ln. [Alx.] 

12. dvdvnarevovTos X d.v6v7rd- 

Tov ovTOs Ln. [Gb. ~]. ^te. 

13. OVTOS dvaTTeidei X dvaneidei 

OVTOS Ln. Tf. 

14. oyj/, om. Ln. [Gb. -»]. ^te. 

— r]vecrxdp.r]v X dvecrxdnrjv Ln. 

15. t^rrjixd X Cv^T}fj.aTd Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. <v]. ^te. 

— yap, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -»]. JZic. 

17. ot "EAXT/i'es', om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

^]. Alx. 

18. Tj^j/ K€(pa\r)v iu KeyKpeals X 

e'y Ke-y;;^. tj)!/ KecpaXrjv Ln. 
Tf. 

19. Karr)VTr]a-€ X KaTrjvrrjcrav Ln. 

Tf. [J?«.] 

— auroO X f'^ei Ln. lAlx.] 

— dieXexOr] X SieXe|^aro Ln. 

20. Trap' ui'ToTs', om. Ln. Tf. 

21. aXX' X dXkd Ln. Tf. 

— direTd^aTO avTols X «7rora- 

^dfievos Kol Ln. Tf. [Gb.^^]. 

— Aei ^e TratTco? rjjf ioprrjv 

Trjv ipxo[X€vr]v TroLrjaat els 
'lepoa6Xv[jLa, om. Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. =J]. Alx. 

— Se, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. JZ«. 

— Koi dvrfxG'qi om. kol Ln. Tf. 
23. eTriarTrjpiCaov X o-Trjpi^aiV Ln. 
2^. Kvplov X'lr](rov Ln. Tf. lAlx.l 
26. 'AfcuXa? Kai UplaKiWa X 

IlpiaK. KoX ^AkvX. Ln. Tf. 
[^te.] 

— roO Geou odov X oSoz' tot) 

^€o{} Ln.[^te.] ; om. Tov deov 
Tf. [Gb. =1]. 

Chap. XIX. 

1. eXdelv X KaTiXOelv Alx. 

— €vpd)v X evpeiv Ln. Tf. [^Za?.] 

2. eiTre, acZc?. re Ln. Tf. [^Zrc.] 

— dirov., om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

— ouSe X ovS' Ln. 

3. Trpoff avTovs, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

=?]. Alx. ^ 

— eiTToy X elnav Ln. Tf. 

4. /xey, om. Gb. Ln. [JZ«.] 

— Xpiarbv, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
6. ras- X^^P^^i ^^^- ''"^ ■''^^' T^' 



ACTS. 

7rpo€(f)riTevov X e7rpo(f)T]Tevov 

Ln. Tf. 

deKa^vo X ScoSe/ca Ln. [^Zrc] 
ra Trepi, om. ra Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
Tivos, om. Ln. Tf. 
'lr](Tov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
enoUi, 6 Qeos X o ^eos inoLeL 

Ln. [^Za;.] 
€7rL<p€pecrdai X d7ro<p€p€a6ai 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. cv]. ^z^. 
i^epx^dOai X eKTropevea-dai 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
aTT avTcoVj om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
OTTO X Kai Ln. Tf. [Gb. e^]. 

Alx. 
*OpKi^oju,ei/ X opKi^co Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
6 naOXoy, om. 6 Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 

Ttves X Tti/os Ln. 
i;toi, jposZ eTTTO Ln. Tf. 
at, om. Ln. [Alx.] 
etTre, ofZcZ. avTols Ln. [^?«.] 
€(f)aXX6p,evos X ^(paXoiJLevos 

Ln. 
eV avTovs 6 avOpcoiros X o 

av6p. iiT avT. Ln. Tf. 
Kai, om. Ln. Tf. Gb. ^. [^Za;.] 
KaraKvpievcras X KaTaKvpi- 

evaav Gb. ~. ^Zic. 
avTcov X dfKpoTepcov Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. c«]. ^Z^. 
eVeVeo-e X fVeo-ev Ln. 
6 Xoyoy roO KvpLov X toO 

Kvpiov 6 Xoyos Ln. Tf. 
SteX^obj/ X dLcXde^v Ln. 
^Axatav, prcem. rrjv Ln. 
'lepovaraX^p, X 'lepocroXv/.ia 

Ln. Tf. 

TrapeixeTO X nape^x^ Ln. 
epyaaiav ovk oXlyrjv X ouk 

oXiy. epy. Ln. 
77/iaJi/ X '7/>ttf Ln. Tf. ; i^^cSj^ 

Gb. e^. [^ZiC.] 

cr;(eS6v, prcem. kol Ln. [y^Z^e.] 
'Apre/xiSo? lepov X tepoj/ 

'Apre'p.. Tf. [^Za?.] 
oiySev X oi'^ei/ Ln. Tf. 
Xoyia-Srjvai X XoyicrdrjcreTaL 

Ln. [^Za;.] 

[xeXXeiv X fieXXet Ln. 
riyi* p,€yaX€i6TrjTa X tj^s /ac- 

yaXetoT?yros Ln. [/4Za?.] 
oXt/, o?«. Ln. Tf. 
(ruyp^vo-ecoy, prcem. rrjs Gb. 

Sch. Tf. [Gb. -]. 
53 



29. rov Uai^Xou, om. tov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

30. TOV de TlavXov X UavXov de 

Ln. 

32. €V€K€V X eW/ca Ln. 

33. 7rpoj3aXX6vTa>u X Trpo^aXov- 

TCOV Alx. 

- TTpoe^L^aa-av X crvi^€J3ij3a- 

aav Ln. [^Z«.] 

34. eTTiyvovTcov X iiTLyvovTes Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

35. avdpccTvos X dvdpo)7ra)V Ln. 

Tf. [^Z«.] 

- ^eas-, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

36. npaTTetv X Trpda-aeiv Ln.Tf. 

37. TTjV 6edv X TJ^i/ ^eoy Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

- vficov X r]pS>v Ln. [Gb. f«]. 

Alx. 

38. Trpos Tit'a Xoyov exovaiv X 

exovcr. irpos Tiva Xoyov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
39- Trepi cTepoov X TrepaLTepo) Ln. 
40. ou, acZfZ. ou Gb. cv. [^Z«.] 

- drrodovvat. X dovvai Tf. [Gb. 

- Xoyoi', cwZcZ. nepl Ln. [^Za;.] 

Chap. XX. 

I. TrpoaKaXea-dfxevos X P'^ra-' 
TT€pi^\fdp.evos Alx. 

- Tovs p.adr)Tds, add. napaKa- 

Xecras Ln. [Alx.] 

- 7rop€vdrjvaiX7Topevea0acLn. 

- ri^v Ma/ceSoz/tai', o?ra. ttjv Ln. 

3. auria eTn^ovXrjs X iiri^ov- 

Xrfs avTa Ln. 

4. SfflTrarpoy, acZcZ. Uvppov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -]. 

5. ovToi^ add. di Ln. [^Za;.] 

7. rffit* p.adrjTa>v tov X Jy/xai/ Gb. 
^Sch. Ln. Tf. 

8. ^o-av X ^/^ez' Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

9. Kadrjpevos X Ka6e^6p.euos Ln. 

Tf. [^Za:.] 
II. apTOV, prcem. tov Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
(^']. ^Za;. 

13. els X eVi Ln. Tf. 

- Tjv bieTeTaypihos X Starer. 

^v Ln. 

14. crvve^(iXev\crvvi^aXXev'Ln. 
li. Ka\ p.£LvavTes ev TpcoyvX- 

Xt«, r^ ixop^evT] X '"^7 ^^ 

exo}.Levrj Ln. [Gb. f^] ^Za?. ; 

[TpooyuXto) Tf.] 
16. eKpive X KeKpiKei Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Rec. Gb.cv^]. ^Za^. 
~ rjv X e't'? Ln. [^Za?.] 



1 8. Trpos avTOP, add. ofxov ovrcov 

avTcov Ln. 

19. TToWcdv, om. Gb. Sell. Ln. Tf. 

21. TTjV els TOP, om.TrjV Ln. {Alx.'\ ; 

07)1. TOP Tf. 

- Xpiarou, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 

22. eycb bede/xeuos X SeSe/x. eyo) 

Gb. Ln. Tf. 

- (ruvavTrj(TOVTa X crvvavTr}- 

cravra s. crvix^-qijojxeva Alx. 

23. hiafxapTvpeTai., add. pat Gb. 

Sell. Ln. Tf. 

- pe Ka\ OXi-^eis X xal dXlyjr. 

pe Ln. Tf. [Alx.1 

24. TTOiovpai, ov8e €x_co X ^X*" 

oi/Se TTOiovpai Ln. ^te. ; om. 
ovbe e)(^co Tf. 

- ■^vx^v pov, om. pov Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =5]. ^ 

- /xera x<^P^^i '^^^ I^^- ^f- [Gb. 

25. rov GeoO, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

=t]. Alx. 

26. eycy X ft/xt Ln. [Alx.] 

27. u/iti', j)osf Oeov Ln. txt. 

28. oyj' [Ln.] ; om. Alx. 

- Qeov X Kvpiov Gb. Ln. Tf 

[Ree. Gb. ~] ; Kvplov Ka\ 
6eov Cst. iAlx.] 

- Ib'iov alparos X oipaTOS tov 

Iblov Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. [Rec. 
Gb. ~]. 
39. yap, om,. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^i]. Alx. 

- TOVTO, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -]. 

Alx. 

32. aSeX</)ot, o»i. Ln. Tf [Gb. -]. 

- eiroiKohoprjaat, X olnodoprj- 

aai Ln. [Gb. f^]. ./l^a;. 

- v/zTv, owi. Ln. Tf {Alx.'\ 

33. ovdevos X ovdevos Tf. 

34. Se, om. Gb. Sell. Ln. Tf 

35. paXkoVy ante StSowi Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
37. iyeveTO Kkavdpus X xXavo. 
eyeV. Ln. Tf. 

CiiAP. XXL 

I. Kcii/ X Kw Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

3. dva(pdvavT€S X dpa(jiav€VTes 

Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

- Karrjxdrjpev X Karr)\6opev 

Ln. [.-ite.] 

- yap fjv TO n\ou)V f yap to 

ttKoIov r]V Ln. 

4. Kai dj/eupoi/rcr X "I'fv/j, 8e 

Ln. Tf [.4te.] 

- avTov X oiToif Ln. 



ACTS. 

4. dva^aivetv X eirc^alveiv Ln. 
Tf. 

— 'lepovcraXrjp X 'lepoaoXvpa 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
5. 77/xa? e^apTiaai X e^apr. rjp. 
Ln. Tf. 

— Trpoarjv^dpeda X Trpocreu^a- 

/tevoi Ln. Tf. [Jte.] 
6. fcai acTTrao-a/i.et'ot X dTrrjaira- 
o-dpeda Ln. Tf [JZa:.] 

— inejSrjpevX '^cit evejBrjpev Ln. 

[^te.] ; /cat dp€(3rjp€V Tf. 
[^?ic.] 

8. oi Trepi rov IlaSXoi/, o??i. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— rjX6ov X rjXBopev Elz. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— rov ovTOs., om. rov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

9. napdevoi reaarapes X reacr. 

rrapd. Ln. 

10. fjpcdv., om. Ln. Tf. 

11. re, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =t]. 

— aurou X iavTov Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

f=^]. Alx. 

— ray x^^P^^ '^'^'^ to^^ Trodas X 

rouy TToS. Aral Tas X^^P' ^^- 
Tf. [Alx.] 

— iv X ets Tf. 

13. dneKpiOr] be X Tore aTreKplO-q 

Ln. [JZa;.] ; direKp. re Tf. 

14. To deXrjpa tov Kvptov Xtov 

Kvp'iov TO OeXrjpa Ln. Tf. 
[Alx.] 

— yevea-dco X yiveadco Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
ig. dTvo(TK.evaa-dpevoi\eTncrKev- 
acrdpevoi Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. 

[^Z.T.] 

— 'lepovaaXrjp X 'lepoaoXvpa 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. [^te.] 
17. ebe^avTO X dnede^apTO Ln. 
Tf [Gb. ~]. [^Zx.] 

20. KvpLop X ^fo'' Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 

— elnup re X elnopres Ln. 

— 'louSaicov X f** T'ot? 'lovSaioTiT 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. r^]. [Alx.] 

21. TTOvraf, OTO.Ln. [Gb. -]. Alx. 

23. del nXrjOos avpeXdelp, om. 

Tf [Gb. -»]. ; Sfi crvpeXOelp 
ttXtjOos Ln. 

— yap, o?«. Tf [Gb. ->]. 

24. yi/cocrt X ypoicroprat Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf [Kcc. Gb. c^]. 

— TOP popop <pvXd(T(ro)P X <jyvX. 

TUP popop Ln. Tf 
54 



25. eneaTeiXapev X aTrecrreiAa- 
/xey Ln. 

— prjdep TOLovTOP rqpelp av' 

Tovs, el prj, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
=J]. Alx. 

— TO aipa, om. to Ln. Tf. 

— Ka\ TTPLKTOP Gb. -». 

27. avpex^op X avpexeap Ln. 

— ras x^'^P^^ ^'^' avTOP X eV 

avTOP Tas x^^P<^s Gb. Ln. Tf. 
[^te.] 

28. napTaxov \7TapTaxrj Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. e^]. J/a;. 

31. be X re Ln. Tf. 

— avyKexvTai X cruy;(vi/i'erai 

Ln. 

32. eAcaroj/rap;YO^S' X eKaTOprdp- 

Xas Ln. Tf. 

33. Tore eyyiaas X ^yy- be Cat. 

— dp, om. Ln. 

34. ejBocop X eneqicDPOvp Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. [Alx.] 

— bvpdpepos be X bvpapepov 

be avTOv Ln. Tf. 

36. Kpd^op X Kpd^opTes Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. f^]. [JZa;.] 

37. ri, om. Tf. [Gb. -»]. [^Za;.] 

Chap. XXII. 
I. pvv X I'l'i't Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
2. 7rpoo-e(pa>P€i X Trpoacpcapel 

Tf. 
3. p.ei', om. Ln. [Gb. :=*]. ^Za:. 

7. eTrecrdi' X ^'Trecrd Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

8. jue X ^P^ Ln. 

9. Kol ep<po^oi iyepoPTO, om. 

Ln. Tf [Gb. =J]. [^Z.r.] 

12. evae!3r]s,om.Tf.; evXa^rjsJjn. 

13. /ze X f/ie Ln. 

16. TOV Kvpiov X aurou Gb. Sch. 

Ln, Tf. 
18. Tr]p papTvplap, om. ttjp Ln. 
20. e^exe^TO X e^exvppero Ln. Tf. 

— 2Te(pdpov Gb. -♦. 

— r^ dpaipeaei avTOv, om. Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 

22. KadrJKOP X KaOrjuep Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

23. 5e X re Ln. Tf 

— tiepa X ovpapop Gb. ~. 

24. avTOP 6 xi-Xtapxos ayeadai 

X o ;y'^' eiVdyeo-^at ovtop 
Gb. Ln. Tf. ; avTop 6 x*^' 
elcrdy. Sch. 

— eliTioP X ciTray Ln. Tf. 

25. TrpneTeipep X TrpoeTeivav Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf 
-■ o IlaDXos", om. Tf. 



26. eKaTojrrdpxos X ii^arovrdp- 

Xr]s Ln. Tf. 

— dTTTjyyfiXe rS x'^'-^PX^ X 

T« xi-^' CLTTTiy. Ln. Tf. lAlx."] 

— "O/ja, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

27. ei, 07«. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

28. T€ X Se Ln. ; om. Tf. 

29. ^y avTOV X auroi/ ^v Ln. 

30. Trapa X ^tto Ln, [Gb. f^]. 

— dno Tcov 8ecrfJiQ}V, om. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ikOeiv X (TvvekQiiv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— okov X TTOLV Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— avTwv^ om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



Chap. XXIII. 

6 navXoy ra avvcbplco X Ttu 

avvehp. 6 ILavkos Ln. [^te.] 
^apLcratov X ^apia-alcov Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. c^]. ^te. 
XaXT^cai/ros X (Ittovtos Ln. 
Toil' SaSSof/cat'coi/, o/re. tcov 

Ln. Tf ; [anie ^ap. Alx.l 
firjde X /'^'7''"e Ln. [Ala:.] 
ot ypafjLjjLaTels tov jxepovs X 

rtz/ey Ln. ; om. ol Tf. ; [rt- 

ves Ta)V ypap-jj-arecou rev 

fiepovs Gb. ~. Alx.] 
fii] deop,axS)[i€V, om. Gb, Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
yeuopJvrjs ard(Tea>s X crrd- 

aecos yeuopevrjs Ln. 
evKa^rjdels X fpo^rjdels Ln. 

[Gb. cv], ^?:^^. 
KaralBdv X nara^qvat, koL 

Cst. 

IlauXe, o?n. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
Tiv£s Ta>v 'louSaicdi/ avarpo- 

<pTjv X (TVcrTpo<pr)v ul 'lou- 

SaZot Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 
7re7rot.7Kdres' X TToirjo-dpevoi 

Ln. [Gb. ^]. Alx. 
dnov X eiVaz/ Ln. Tf. 
ptfdevos X p'r]6evos Tf. 
avpiov, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. [^te.] 
avTOV Karaydyrj^KaTay. av- 

Tov Ln. Tf. [^te.] 
Trpos- X e'f Ln. Tf [^Z«.] 
, TO tvebpov\Tr]v ivedpav Elz. 

Gb, Ln. ; [to evebpou Gb. 



tl aTrayyelXai X aTrayyelXa/ 

Ti Ln. 

veavlau X veavlcrKov Ln. 
ets- TO (Tvvedpiov Karaydyrjs 

TOV Jlavkov X ''01' IlaC'Xoj' 



ACTS. 

Kara-yayT^ff ety to crvvedpiov 
Ln. Tf 

20. fieWovTes X fieXXcoj/ Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 

21. eTotpol elal X fio'ii' cTOipoi 

Ln. Tf. 

22. veavtavXveavLo-Kovluia. [Alx.] 
25. Tre puxovaav X €Xov(rav Ln. 

27. e^eiXoprjvX ^i^c^dprjv Ijn.Tf. 

— avTuv, om,. Ln. [Gb. -]. ^Za;. 

28. Se X T6 Ln. Tf. 

— yi'ojz/at X iiTLyvaivaL Ln. Tf. 

29. eyKXrjpa exovTU X ^XO^TCt 

eyxX. Ln. Tf. [.4te.] 
50. fxeWeiv, om. Ln. [^Za;.] 

— VTTO Tcoi' 'lovSat'coi', o?re. Ln. 

Tf [Alx.] 

— i^avTTJsX^i avToiv'Ln. [Alx.] 

— TO. rrpos avTov X avrovs Ln. 

Tf. 
-"EppcocTo, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
-]. Alx. 

31. Trjs vvKTOs, om. Trjs Ln. 

32. TTopeveadai X diripx'^o^^o.i 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. 
34. 6 Tjyepcov, om. Gb. Seh. Ln. 

Tf. 
3^. 'E/ceXevcre re X '^^ ^^ '^O'^s^ I^ii- 

Tf. [J to.] 

— 'HpcoSov, prcem. tov Ln. 

— atroVjposi^vXacrcrecr^atLn. 

Tf [.4te.] 

Chap. XXIY. 

I. TQiV TTpealSvTepcov X rrpsa^. 

TLVwv Ln. [^te.] 
3. KaTopda>p.dTcop X ^topdcopd- 

Tcov Ln. [Gb. t^]. ^te. 

5. orayti' X crTao-ets Ln. [Gb. 

f«i]. Alx. 

6. KOi Kara roz/ rjpeTepov vopov 

rideXrjaapev KpiveLV. 7. Tvap- 
ikdcov be Avcrias 6 ;(iXtap- 
Xos perd ttoWtjs ^las e/c 
TCOV x^i-P^^-^ r}poov diTT]yaye, 
8. KeXev(ras tovs KaTi]y6- 
povs avTOV epx^o-Qai eVt 
ere, 0H2. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. ^Za;. 
9. ^vvedevToXo'vveTredevTO Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 

10. Se X Tf Ln- Tf. [Alx.] 

— ev6vp6T€pov X evOvpca Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. c^]. Alx. 

11. yvcovcu X €7nyvcovaL Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] 

— ?) deKabvo, om. rj Gb. Sch. 

Tf ; dcoSe/ca Ln. [^to.] 

— cv X ets- Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

55 



12. i7n(Tv(TTa(nv X ema-raaii/ 

Ln. [Gb. <v]. [^to.] 

13. oi'Ve X oi'Se Ln. 

— /if, o??i. Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf, 

— dvvavTai, add. aoi Ln. [Alx.] 

— vvv X I'vvl Ln. Tf. 

14. rot? 7rpo<pr)Tats, prcem. iv 

'Elz. Ln. ; prcem. toZs iv Gb. 
Sch. 

— veKpcov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

Alx. 

16. 5e X KQt Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 

Alx. 

— e'x^iv X excBV Gb. ~. Alx. 

17. napeyevoprjVj post edvos pov 

Ln. Tf. 

18. ols X a'S Sch. Ln, [Gb. t^^]. 

Alx. 

— Se, om. Elz. 

19. Sei X eSei Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf."; [Gb. 8e2 ~. Cst.] 

— pe X ip-^ Ln. Tf. 

20. et Tl X Tl Grb. Sch. Ln. Tf, 

— iv ipol, om. Ln. 

21. eKpa^a X SKeKpa^a Tf. 

— eo-ro)? eV avTols X iv avTols 

ia-Tcos Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— v(f) X i(t> Ln. Tf. 

22. 'AKovaas Se ratira 6 ^rfki^ 

dve^dXeTO avTOVs i dvejBd- 
XeTO 8e avTOVs 6 ^rjXi^ Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf [Sec. Gb. <-]. 

— elnav X etTra? Ln. Tf. 

23. re, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. Alx. 

— TOV UavXov X avTov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— 77 npoaepx^crdai, om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb, ^]. Alx. 

24. rjpepas Tivds X rivds rjpipas 

Ln. 

— yvvaiicL avTOv X Ibla yvvaLKi 

Ln. ; ywat.'Ci Gb. Sch. Tf. 

— 'KptaTov^ add. 'irjaovv Sch. 

Ln. 

2^. KpipUTOS TOV peXXoVTOS X 

peXXovTOs KpipuTos Gb. !^. 
Alx. 

— ecreadat, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

26. dpa Se, om. Se Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— OTTcos Xvaj] avToVy om. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

27. xdptras X X^-P''^^ Ln. [Alx.] 

Chap. XXV. 

2. Se X re Ln. Tf. 

— 6 apx'^'^^'^^ X ol dpxi^pus 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. [Alx.] 



L 



4. iv Kaicrapeia X els Kaiaa- 
pdav Ln. Tf. [Gb.c^]. Alx. 

i. hwaroi iv vfilv, (pijal X eV 
vfuv, (prjaiv, dvvarol Gb. Ln. 
Tf. [Alx.} 

— TOVTCp X ciTOTTOV Ln. [Alx.] ; 

om. Gb. 

6. TrXeiovs X o^ TrXdovs oktco 

Gb.Sch.Ln.Tf.[.4te.]; TrXet- 
OVS OKTOi Gb. ~]. 

7. nepieaTTjcrav, add. avrbv Ln. 

[Gb. ~]. .^te. 

— aiTicLfxaTa X alTia>fj,ara Gb. 

Sell. Ln. Tf. 

— (pepovres Kara rod HavXov 

X KaracfiepovTes Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

8. aTToXoyovpevov avTOv X toG 

na^^Xof dTToXoyovp-epov Ln. 
Tf. [^te.] 

9. Tols 'lovdaiois 6kX(x)v \ 6k- 

\(x>v ToTy 'louS. Ln.Tf [^te.] 

— KpLveadai X Kpidrjvai Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] 
I], yap X GUI' Ln, Tf. [Gb. H- 

Alx. 
15. diKTjv X Kara^Lfsp Ln. [Gb. 

i6. rti^a X TivL Gb. rv. ^to. 

— els drroyXeiav, om. Gb.Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

17. avTcou, om. Tf. 

18. eTrecpepov X etpepov Ln. Tf 

[Gb. e^]. .4?«. 

— vnevoovv eyco X f'y'^^ vrrevo- 

ovv Ln. ; afM. Trovqpav Ln. 
[Gb. tv]. ^Za:. 

20. TOVTOV X rojJro)!' Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

f^]. Alx. 

— *lepovcraXr]p X 'lepocroXv/xa 

Ln. Tf. 

21. 7re/x\//-(0 X dvanepL-^o) Ln. Tf 

[Jte.] 

22. 60?;, OOT. Ln. Tf. 

— 'O 8e, o??i. Ln. Tf. 

23. roTy p^iXtapp^oif, o»i. to7s Ln. 

Tf [/i^a:.] 

— ova-i, om. Ln. Tf [Gb. ^]. 

24. Trai/ X anav Ln. Tf [yite.] 

— €7nfdoa>vT€s X f^ocovTes Ln. 

— ^^1/ avTov X CLVTov ^fjv Ln. 

Ute.] 
s^. KaraXaftop-evos X KareXafSo- 
fiTjv Ln. [/ite.] 

— Bavarov avrov X avrou 6a- 

vdrov Ln. Tf [/l?a;.] 

— Acal avToi), om. koi Ln. [yf/x.] 



ACTS. 

25. aCrw, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^3]. 

Alx. 

26. ypdyJAai 2° X ypdyJAoi Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. c^]. ^te. 

Chap. XXVI. 

I. vnep X nep\ Ln. Tf [Gb. H. 
Alx. 

— dncXoyciTO, post X^^P^ ^°- 

[Alx.] 

— p-eXXoiv dTToXoyeicrdaL em 

aov arjpepovX fVi croO jueX. 
o-jy/o,, ttTToXoy. Gb. Sch. Ln. ; 
eVl crou )ueX. dTroXoy. arjp,. 
Tf 

3. o-ou, om. Ln. Tf [Gb. =?]. 

Alx. 

4. T?7V CK veoTTjTOS., om. Tr)v Tf 

— 'l€po(7oXvp.oLS, prce,m. re Ln. 

Tf [^te.] 

— ol 'lovdaioc, om. ol Ln. Tf. 

6. npos X ds Ln. Tf [Gb. f^]. 

Alx. 

— narepas, add. rjp.cov Scb. Ln. 

[Gb. f^]. 

7. (3aaiXev 'AypiTnra, om. Tf. 

(Ln.) ; [^aaiXev post 'lov- 
dalccv Ln.] ; CAypinira Gb. 
=i ; 0771. Alx.} 

— Ta>v 'louSatcov, om. tcov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf 
10. TToXXovs, add. re Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
'^j. Alx. 

— (pvXaKois, prai7n. ev Gb. Sch. 

Ln.Tf [Gb. ->]. 
12. iv ols Ka\, 0771. Koi Ln. [Gb. 
^]. ^te. 

— Tijs napa, om. Ln. [Gb. -►]. 

14. fie X re Ln. Tf [Alx.] 

— XaXovcrav X Xiyovcrav Ln. 

Gb. -^. [^te.] 

— /cat Xeyovaav., om. Ln. 

15. eiVoz/ X etVa Ln. Tf 

— 'O fie, o(?(L /cuptos- Ln, Tf 

[Alx.} 
17. raji/ i6vcov, prcti77i. in Ln. 

— j/Oi/ X iy<^ Gb. Ln. Tf Alx. 

[Rec. Gb. <-]. 

— ere diTocrTeXXa) X ayroo-r. ere 

Ln. 
20. Trpwroi/, ofZc?. re Ln. Tf. 

— 'lepocToXvpoLS, 2)7-icm. iv Ln. 

— etf Trdcrdv, 0171. els Ln. 

— aTrayyeXXcoy X a7r77yyeXXot' 

Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. 'JT. 
22. Trapa X dno Ln. Tf [.<4te.] 

— papTvpovp.evos X p-aprvpo- 

pevos Ln. Tf [/Ite.J 
fi6 



23. r<u Xaa X to) re Xa<» Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.}' 

24. 6^77 X (prja-iv Ln. Tf [Jte.] 

25. *0 fie, add. XlaOXoy Ln. [Alx.} 

— aXX' X «XXa Ln. Tf 

26. ovdev, om. Ln. ; ovBiv Tf. 

28. 6(^77, om. Ln. Tf Alx. [Gb. ^]. 

— yeveadai X Troirjaai Ln. ,.,4/a:. 

29. eljrevj 07n. Ln. Tf. [^te.] [Gb. 

=i]. 

— TToXXiU X /-ifyaXo) Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] [Gb. ~]. 

30. Kai raura etVoi'Toy avTov^ 

dveaTT] X dvecTTT] re Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf 

31. ci^iov rj beapSiV X ^ fieo-pa>y 

a^iov Ln. 

32. idvvaTO X rjdvvaTO Ln. 

— i7reKeKXr]T0 X iTTiKeKXrjTO Ln. 

Tf 

Chap. XXVII. 

2. p,eXXovTes X peXXovTi Ln. 

Tf [Gb.c^]. ^Za;. 

— TrXeTi', odcZ. eis Ln. [J/a;.] 

3. cpiXovs, p>rcem. revs Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— TTOpevdevra X iropevBevTi Ln, 

[Jte.] 

5. Mopa X Mvppa Ln, 

6. eKarovTapxos X eKarovrdp- 

XV^ Ln. Tf, 
8. Aaaaia X ''AXao-cra Ln. 
10. (poprov X (popriov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 
II. eKarovTapxos X eKarovrdp- 

Xqs Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf, 

— i7rei6eTO p.a.XXov X paXXoi' 

eVet'^ero Ln. 

— roO XlauXov, o?n, roo Ln, 
12. nXeiovs X nXeioves Ln. Tf. 

— KdiceWev X iKeldev Sch. Ln. 
14. 'EvpoKXv^cov X EvpaKvXcov 

Ln. ; EvpvKXv8a>v Gb. 
16. KXaofir;!' X KaCfia Ln, 

— poXi? l(rxvaap,ev X 'O'p^- po- 

Xi? Ln. Tf 

18. fie X re Ln. 

19. ippiyj/apev X eppi-^av Gb. 

Ln. ^te. [Rec. Gb. ~]. 

20. TTcio-a e'Xuiy X eXTriy vrao-a 

Ln. Tf 
31. fie X re Ln.Tf 
23. ri} i^uKri ravTr) X Tavrr] rrj 

vvKTL Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

— ayyeXof, jwsi Xarpevut Ln, 

Tf [yl/.r.] 

— etptj add. iyto Ln. [.,4te.] 



32 



33 



'2>]. eyevero X eVeyeVero Tf. 

29. fXTjiTcos X }Ji-r]Trov Tf. [Gb. c^]. 

— els X Kara Ln. Tf. Alx. [Gb. 

— eKTrecrcocriv X eKTreacofxev Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— r]v)(ovTO X ev^ovro Tf. 

30. Trpoopas X 7rp(ppr]s Ln. 

— /tieXXovrcoz/ dyKvpas X oy^- 

/xeX. Ln, 
ot aTparicorai dTreKoyjrav X 

d7reKo\l/av ol arpaTiaTaL 

Ln. Tf. 
efxeXXsv r)p,€pa X ^'ytieX. v7jLie- 

pa Tf. ; rjpepa rjixeXXev Ln. 
ixrjdev X p-rjdiu Ln. Tf. 
7rpoaXa$6fj,€voi X TrpocrXap,- 

^auofxevoi Ln. 
TrpoaXa^elv X p-eToXa^slv 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
ovdevos X ovOevbs Ln. 
e/« X aTTO Ln. Tf. 

— TrecreLTai X OTroXetrat Gb, 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
35. EtTTcbv X eiTras- Ln. Tf. 
37. ^ju.ej/ X 'qp-^&CL Ln. Tf. 

— eV TO) TrXoL(p, post yjrvxat Ln. 

Tf 'UZ^.] ' 

39. e^ovXevcravTO X e^ovXev- 

ovTO'lin. lAlx.} Gb. ~. 

— dvvaivTO X Bwarbu Tf. .4to. 

[Gb. ~]. 

40. dpT€[xopa X dpreixcova Ln. 

Tf 

41. inaiKeiXav X eTreKciXav Ln. 

Tf. 

— rwi' Kvixdrcov, om. Ln. Tf. 



34. 

I- 



ROMANS. 

42. dia(f)vyot X diafpvyrj Gb, Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

43. iKaTourapxos X eKaTovrdp- 

Xqs Ln. Tf. 

Chap. XXVIII. 

1. €7reyva>crav X eireyucofxev Ln. 

Tf. [^Za;.] 

2. Se X re Ln. Tf [^te.] 

— Trapel^op X Trapelxav Ln. Tf. 

— az/d-v//-ai/res )( d-^avres Ln. 

3. (ppvydvcov, add. ri Ln. Tf. 

^te. [Gb. ~]. 

— eK X OTTO Ln. Tf. ^?a?. [Gb. 

~]. 

— i^eX6ov(ra X Sie^eX^oiicra 

Sch. Tf. [Gb. ~]. 

— Kadrj-^e X Kadrj-^aro Gb. ~. 

[Cs^.] 

4. eXeyov, post dXXrjXovs Ln. 

Tf. 

5. dTTOTtm^as X dTToriva^dp^e- 

vos Sch. Tf 

6. ^eoj/ avTov elvac X avrov et- 

j/at ^eoi/ Ln. 

8. dvaevTepia X 8v(T€VTepi(p Ln. 

Tf 

9. ow X 6e Ln. Tf [^Z^.] 

— exovTes dadeveias^post vrjaco 

Ln. Tf. 
10. Tjyj/ XP^''^^ X ras XP^ '"^ I^"- 

Tf [JZa;.] 
12. Tjfiepas rpels X rjpepais rpi- 

(TLV Ln. 
14. eV X i"«p' Ln, 

— fis rJ7i' 'Va>p.r]V rjXdopev X 

eis tt)!/ 'Pa>[xr]V rjXdapiev 



Tf. 
Ln. 



fjX6ap.€V els 'Pcu/Aj;^ 



15. e^rjXOov X rjXdou Ln. 

16. TJXdopev X elarjXOofxev Ln. 

— eis 'Paip,r)v, 6 eKarovrapxos 

TrapedooKe revs deafxiovs rc5 
o-rparoTredapxi]' rw Se Ilax;- 
X&) eneTpaTT-q X f ts' 'Fooprjv, 
eTTerpaTTT] ra UavXat Ln. 
[Jte.] [Gb. H. 

17. roz/ IlauXoi/ X avrov Gb, Sch. 

Ln. Tf 

— eyo), anfe avdpes Ln.Tf [.^te.] 
19. KaTTjyoprjaai X Kar-qyopelv 

Ln. 

21. etTTOZ/ X eiTrai/ Ln. Tf. 

— Trepi croO ede^dpeda X eSe- 

^dpeda nepl a-ov Ln. 

22. ecrrtj/ j^ptj' X W^^ ecTTtv Ln. 

[^Za;.] 

23. rjKov\ rjXOov Ln. [^te.] [Gb. 

pa]. 

— rd 7rep\, om. rd Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

25. Tjpcov X t'poiv Ln. Tf. 

26. Xiyov X Xeyav Tf. 

— eiVe X f iVoj' Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

27. IdcrcopaL X ldaop,aL Tf. [Gb. 

28. TO acoTTjpLov, prcmi. rovro 

Ln. Tf 

29. Kai ravra avrov elirovroSy 

dTTtjiXOov ol 'louSaToi, TToX- 
Xt]!/ e^^oj^re? eu eavrols av- 
^rjrrjcriv, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =i]. 

30. 6 IlaCiXo?, ow. Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 



ROMANS. 



Chap. I. 

I. 'Iiyaou Xpccrrov X Xp. 'It/ct. 

Tf 
8. VTrep X Trepi Ln. Tf. [Gb. =v]. 

Alx. 

12. roCro Se ecrrt )( rovrecrriv 

Ln. mg. 

13. ou ^eXo) X oi"f oi^ai Alx. 

— KapTTOV Tiva X Ttm Kapnov 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 
16. Tov Xpttrrou, om. Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. [Rec. Cst.] 

- TrpS)Tov [Ln.] 



19. 6 yap Qeos X o ^^os yap Ln. 

Tf 
21. evxapiarrjaav X rjvxapiarr]- 

arav Ln. Tf 
24. dto Kat, offi. Kol Ln. [Gb. ^]. 

- eavTols X avrols Ln.Tf [Alx.'] 
27. re X Se Ln. [Gb. f^]. Alx. 

- dppeves X dpaeves Ln, Tf, 

lAlx.] 
29. TTOpvela, om. Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[^ZiT.] ' 

- KaKia, aH«e irovqpia Ln. 

57 



31. acTTTwSous-, o?jj. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

^]. Alx. 

32. TTOioCicrti' X ''■otoGz/res- Ln. mg. 

— (xvvevboKovcjL X crvyevdo- 

Kovvres Ln. mg. 

Chap. II. 

2. o'ibap.ev he X o'ibap.ev yap Ln. 

mg. 
g. a7roKaX^-v//'eQ)y, flfZ(^. /cat Gb.~. 
8. pel', om. Ln. \_Alx.1 

- 6vp,bs Kal opyrj X opyfj Ka\ 

6vp.6s Gb. Ln, Tf [Alx.} 



13. Tov voyLOV 1°, om. tqv Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. =;]. Alx. 

— TU) 0ec5, [tc5] Lu. 

— TOV vofjLOV 2*^5 om. TOV Ln. 

Tf. 

14. TTOifj X TTOiuxjiv Ln. Tf. iAlx. 

s. TTOiovai.v'H. 

— ovTOL \ ol ToiovTOt Ln. mg. 
16. ore X ?7 Ln. 

i7.''lSe X €(■ Se Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— TO) v6}xio, om. Tco Ln. Tf [Gb. 

26. oirp^i X ovx Ln. 
29. aX\' 6 X aXXa Tf. [Ln. 
mg.] 

Chap. III. 

2. yap, om. Ln. [Gb. — ]. Alx. 
4. vtKTjo-rjS X vi-Krja-eis Lu. mg. 

7. yap X Sf ^te. 

9. Trpo7]Tiao-dfX€da X ^JTiacra- 

/xe^a ^te. 
II. 6 (tvvlQ)V^ om. 6 Ln. [Gb. -]. 
Alx. 

— 6 eK^rjToov, [6] Ln. 

13. T]xpeioidT]a-av X r)XP^(^dT](rav 

Ln. mg. 

14. TO (TTOfia, add. [avTcov] Ln. 
22. KOL errl nduTas, om. Ln. [Gb. 

^]. .^te. 

25. T^y nLaTeoas, om. ttjs Ln.Tf. 

[Gb. =5]. Alx. 

26. eVSeilii/, x>r(Bm. ttjv Ln. Tf. 

— 'l7;o-oD, o?7i. Tf. [Gb. -]. 

28. ovu X yV ^^- ^^^^- -L"- 

— TTiaTeL biKaiovcrOai X SiKat- 

ovaBai TTi'trrei Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

29. [JLOVOV X p-ovcov Tf. 

— ou;^! 6e, o??i. de Gb. Sch. Ln, 

Tf. 

30. eTreiVep X ^i TTfp Ln. Tf [Gb. 

cv], Alx. 

31. l(TTO)pev X urrai/op.ei/ Ln. Tf 

[Gb. -■-]. 

Chap. IV.^ 

i.'A,'3paa/x TOi/ irarepa rjpcov 
cvprjKevai X (vprjKkvca 'A/3p. 
Toj/ TTpOTTiiTopa r]jX(ov Ln. 
[Gb. f^]. ^te. 

3. roi/ Gfdi/, o?rt. TOI/ Ln. Tf. 

4. TO o(f)eiXT]fxa, om. to Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

8. a ov fif] X ov oxj pf) Ln. mg. 

9. oTi iXoyicrdrj, [oti] Ln. 

II. TTfpiTop^s X TrepiTOpfjv Alx. 



ROMANS. 

11. 81 iiKpo^vcTTias X ^t« a/fpo- 

[Sua-Tia? Ln. txt. Tf. 

— r?;!/ bLKaiO(jvvr]v\ els diKaio- 

crvuTju Lu. mg. 

12. TTJ aKpo^va-Tia, om. ttj Gb. 

Ln. Tf. [Alx.] ' 

— TTt'crrews' X T^y ttiVt. crnZe Tjjs 

iv TTJ cLKp. Sch. [Gb. t^^]. Cst. 

13. roC Kocrpov., om.Tov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

15. yap X 5e Ln.^ [Gb. -]. 

17. eTTLCTTevcre X eVtcrrevcras' ^te. 

18. eV X e'^' Ln. 

19. TTiaTet, 2^^'<^>^^- ^^ ■^^^• 

— ou, om. Ln. [Gb. =t]. ^?x. 

— 77S7;, ow. Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 

21. /cat 1°, om. Tf. [^te.] 

22. bib Ka\ X /^a't [Lu.] Gb. -^ ; 

Chap. Y. 

1. e^opev X ^xcopev Sch. Ln. 

mg. [Tf. ed. I.] 

2. TJ7 TTLCTTeL, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. 

-]. ^?^. 
6. Kara Kaipbv, prcem. eTL Lu. 
[Gb. ->. ^Za;. 

8. els Tjpas 6 Qebs X o ^^ os eij 

J7juas Tf. Alx. 

9. ow, om. ^Zx. 

11. Se, GcZfZ. Touro ^Za;. 

12. 6 ^uj/aros 2°, 07?j.Tf. [Gb. ->]. 

^Za?. 

13. eXXoyeirat X eWoyaTO Ln. 

rag. 

14. aXX' X a^'^va Tf. 

— prj Gb. ->. 

16. dpapTTjcraPTOS X dpapTTjpa- 

Tos Gb. --N). [^Za;.] 

— yap, OTO. .4Za?. 

17. TO) TOV ivbs X f'^ fi't Tf. Ln. 

mg. [Gb. ~]. ^Za:. 

— 1-^9 dcopeds [Lu.] Gb. -►. 

Chap. VI. 

1. iinpevovpev X iinpevoipev 

Gb. Ln. Tf. [^Zx.] [Rec. Gb. 
~]. 

2. OLTives, odd. yap Alx. 

~ i^rjo-opev X Cw^y-^^ Ln. mg. 

3. Iqcrovv., om. Alx. 

8. awro) X '''<« XpiaT^ Alx. 
XI. eluai., om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

— TO) Kvplco T)p(ov, om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. ' 
12. avTT] eV, o?n. Gb. Ln. Tf. 

— Ta7s intOvplats ayrov, om. 

Gb. Sch. 



13. o)s X uxrii Ln. [y<Z.r.] 

14. aXX' UTTO X oXXa tiTTO Ln. Tf. 

15. dpapTTjaopev X dpaprrjaco- 

pev Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^Za:. 
— aXX' tiTTO X dXka VTTO Ln.Tf, 

16. els BdvaTov Gb. =J. 

21. TO yap X 7-6 /uej/ yap Ln. 



Chap. VII. 

roC vopov, om. Elz. 
ai/;7P, Gcfd. avTrjs Alx. 
aTTodavoPTes X drroddvovTos 

Elz. 

T^p-ay [Ln.] ^Za?. 
auTT; X avTT] Gb. [Rec. Gb, -^l. 
yeyove X eyeveTO Lu. [Gb. 

t^i. ^Z.r. 

aXXa X aXX' Ln. 
yap X S^ Ln. mg. iAlx.1 
aapKiKos X (xdpKivos Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
TovTO 1°, o?n. Tf. [Gb. -]. 

[Alx.-] 
aXX' X aXXa Ln. Tf 
dyaObv., prcem. Tb Alx. 
ovx evpiaKd) X ov Lu, 

[Gb. ^]. Alx. 
e'yo), om. Lu. Tf. [Gb. 

^Za?. 

T(i5 j/o'pco 2°, prcem. ev Alx. 
evxapiCTTOi X X^P'-^ ^^- '^^' 

[Gb. c^]. ^Za;. 



Tf. 



=5]. 



Chap. VHI. 

p?7 Kara crapKa TTepnraTov- 

criv, dXXa Kara nvevpa, om. 

Gb. Sch. Lu. Tf. 
pe X cre Ln. mg. 
OL dpapTiav X 5ta dpapTiav 

Lu. Tf. 

^cor; X Cv ^Ix- 
Tbv XpLaTbv., om. tov Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] ; add. [^Irjaovv] Ln. 
TO evoLKovv avTOv TTvevpa X 

ToG ivOlKOVVTOS avT. TTvev- 

pciTos Elz. Tf 
TOV crcopuTos X '"'Is' (TapKbs 

Gb. ~. [^Za:.] 
6iVtz/ vtot Qeov X viot ^eou 

eio^ti/ Ln. mg. [Alx.] ; vloi 

elcriv 6eov Ln. txt. Tf [Alx.] 
aXX' X dWd Lu. Tf. 
OTi X StoTt yfZa:. 
avvcodivec X wStVei yfZa:. 
e'xovTes., add. [rjpeTs] Ln. u4Za?. 
Tjpels, om. Lu. Tf 
/cat, o??i. Ln. [/fZa;.] 
vLoOecrlav^ om. Alx. 



26. rats' dcrdeveiaLS X '''fj acrde- 

veia Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]! Alx. 
~ Trpocrev^aixeda X npoaev^o- 
fieda Tf. [Gb. ~]. Cst. 

— aXV X aXka Tf. 

— vTrep Tjixcov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

-]. ^Za.\ 
28. crui/epyeT, «<:?(?. 6 ^eos Ln, 
32. o(rye rov tSiou vlov ovk X 

o? ouSe vlov 18lov Alx, 

— aXX' X aXka Ln. Tf. 

— ra TTCLvra, om. ra Alx. 

34. XpLO-TOS, add. i^Ir](rovsl Ln. 
lAlx.] 

— KOI eyep^eiy, om. /cat Ln. [Gb. 

=5] ; add. €K veKpa>v Alx. 

— OS Ka\, [koi} Ln. [Gb. -»]. Alx. 

36. ei/em X ^veKCV Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

37. Tov ayaTTr](TavTos\Tov aya- 

TTT^aravTa Alx. 

38. ayyeXoi X ayyeXo? Alx. 

— ovT€ dvvdfxeis, post [xeXXovTa 

Gb. Sell. Ln. Tf. 

39. ris, oni. .4te. 

— rw Kvpt<o X roC Kvpiov Ln. 

mg. 

Chap. IX. 

3. Tjvxoixrjv X evxoprju Gb. cv. 

— avTOS ey<w dvddeaa eivai X 

avaaepa eivai avTos eyco 
Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^Za?. 

— Kara crdpKa, prcem. rau Alx. 

4. at 8iadrj<aL X ^ 8ia6r]Kr] Ln. 

txt. [^te.] 

— at iirayyeXiaL X [^3 eTrayye- 

Xia Alx. 
6. 'laparjX X 'la-pa?yXetrat -<4?a;. 

11. /.tJ^Se X ^ ^^• 

— KOKoi/ X (pavXov Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

1^]. Alx. 

— TOV Qeov irpodeaLS X Trpode- 

ais TOV deov Gb. Sch.Ln.Tf. 

12. ipprjdrj X eppedr] Ln. Tf. 

15. yap, pos« Mcocr^ Ln. Tf. 

— Mcoa-^ X Mcoo-eT Tf. Ln. mg. 

16. iXeovvTOS X eXecovros Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.l 

18. tXeet X f'^fa Tf. 

19. oyi' pLOL X A'oi o^v Ln. Tf. 

— Tt en X Ti- 0^^ ^■^^ I^^' Tf. 

lAlx.^i 

— yap, om. Elz. 

20. Mevovirye, Si avdpcone X «» 

avdpcoTre pevovv ye Ln. ; 
[juei/oOye Gb. -* ^Zx.] 
28. eppr)6i] X epp^^V ^^- Tf- 



ROMANS. 

rot? [Ln.] 

27. KaTaXeippa XviroXetixpa Ln. 

Tf. 

28. evdiKaioavuT]' otl Xoyovcrvv- 

TeTprjpevov, om. Ln. [Alx.] 

29. a)poioodT]pepXop-oia)6rjfiev Tf. 

Ln. mg. 

31. diKatoavvTjs, om. Ln. [Gb. -♦]. 

32. vopov, om. Ln. [Gb. =?]. ^?a;. 

— yap, ow. Ln. [Gb. ^'\. Alx. 
33- Tray, om. Ln.Tf. [Gb.=J]. ^te. 

^ Chap.^ X. 

I. r] Trpoy, om. rj Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

— roO ^lapa-qX ecrTiv X avTcov 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
3. SiKatoo-vj/7ji/,om.Gb.Ln. [^te.] 
g.^'Ort, post ypd(f)eL Ln. mg. 

— avTCi [Ln.] ^te. 

— avTo7s X at;r^ Ln. [^Za;.] 

8. Xeyet, a<Z(Z. 77 ypacf)r) Alx. 

9. Kvpiov ^lr](rovv X ort Kuptoy 

'l7;o-o{is Ln. mg. 
14. entKaXeorovTaL X emicaXe- 
crcovTat Ln. [JZa;.] 

— Tvca-TevaovarLV X TrtcTTevo-co- 

aiv Ln. txt. [^te.] 

— dicovaovaL X aKouccoCTii/ Ln. 

[^Za;. s. a/coTJO-oj'rai]. 
ig. Krjpv^ovcriv X Krjpv^oicnv Ln. 
[^Za*. s. Ktjpvcrcrovatv]. 

— Tcov evayyeXi^opevav elprj- 

vrjv, om. Ln. [JZa;.] 

— ra aya^d, o??z. ra Ln. [Gb. 

=?>]. ^Zar. 
17. Geou X XptCTTOv Ln. ; [^Za;. 
s. om. Beov]. 

19. otiK eyvco 'lcrpar]XX'l(Tp. ovK 

eyvco Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

20. drroToXpa Ka\, 07n. Alx. 

— 'Evpedrjv, add. [eV] Ln. 

— eyevoprjv, add. [eV] Ln. 

Chap. XL 

1. TOV Xaov avTOv, add. lov Trpo- 

eyvco] Ln. lAlx.l 

— Bev'iaplv X BevLapeiv Ln. 

2. Xiyaiv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

3. /cat ra dvaiacTTrjpid, om. Ka\ 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. :3]. ^Za;. 

6. et Se e'l epytov, ovk eTi e<JT\ 

xdpis' enel to epyov ovk. 
STL ecTTLV epyov.) om,. Gb. 
Sch. Ln. 

7. TovTov X rovTo Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 



yap X Se Ln. [^Za?.] 

pei/, afZfZ. oui/ Ln. [^Za:.] 

et, om. ^Za;. 

ot KXddot, om. ol Gb. Sch. Ln. 

e^eKXdo-Qrjaav \ eKXdadt]' 

(jav Ln. 
pj) v\p-r]Xo(pp6veL X pj) i'l//'?;- 

Xa (ppovei Ln. mg. 
P17 TTcoff, Ofli. Ln. [Gb. :5]. 

Alx. 
(peLar]Tai X (peiareTai Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
aTTorop'iav X dnoTopiLa Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. -]. ^Z^. 
XP^CTOTTJTa X XPW'^'^^ 

Oeov Ln. Tf. [Gb. cv]. ^Za:. 
i'Kipeivrjs X enipevrjs Ln. mg. 
/cat eKelvoi X /ca/ceij/oi Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
Trap', om. Tf. [JZa?. 5. eV]. 
/cat aTTOu-Tpe-^et, om. Kal Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.] 
Kal vpe2s TTore, om. kol Gb. 

Ln. Tf. ; TTore vpels Ln. mg. 
ovTot X atirot Alx. 
iXerjdcoaL, prcem. ivvvl Ln. 
Tovs ndvTas X "ra rrdvTa s. 

rrdvTa Alx. 



Chap. XII. 

2. (Jvcrxrjp-aTl^earOe X crvcrxq- 
paTL^eadai IjU. [Gb. f=^]. ^Za:. 

— peTapopcj)ova6e X peTapop- 

(povadat Ln. [Gb. ^]. ^Za?. 

— upojj/, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. :3]. 

^Za;. 

4. Kaddrrep X coanep Alx. 

— peXrj TToXXd X TToXXa peXi; 

Ln. 

5. 6 Se X TO Se Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
8. eire Gb. -^. Alx. 

II. /catp<5 X Kvpicp Elz. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

13. ;YP^'aiS' X pveiais Alx. 

14. vpay, om. Tf. 

15. /cat /cXaieij/, o??i. /cat Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 
17. /caXa, acZcZ. [evwrnov tov 6eov 
Kal] Ln. 

— ndvToiv \ Toiv Ln. [Alx. s. 

om. TtdvTOiV']. 

20. 'Eai^ oui/ X aXXa eav Ln. 
[^Za;.] ; eai/ Gb. ^^ [Alx.] 

Chap. XIII. 

I. TTCLcra ^IrvxTj X Trdcrats Alx. 

— dno X ^TTO Ln. [Gb. •^]. Alx. 

— e^ovaiat, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



I 



1. rov GfoC, om. tov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. 

3. Tcoj/ dyada)V epyKov^aXXa rcJv 

KaKcov X TcS dyaOM epyco, 
ciXAa TO) KaKM Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
cv]. Alt.'' 

4. €19 6pyr)V Gb. -*. [^/x.] 

5. dmyjCTj vTTOTa.a-(J€a-6ai\vTTO- 

rdaaea-de Gb.~ [ JZo;.]; amy- 
Kr; npOTaacreadcu Elz. 

7. oui/, oni. Ln. Tf. iAlx.'] 

8. dyanav dXXrjXovs X dXXr]- 

Xovs dyanav Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

9. ov ^evbofiaprvprjaeis^ om. 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— TOVTco rcu Xdyo) X "tw Xdyo) 

rouro) Ln. txt. Tf. {Alx.'\ 

— iv rw [Ln] 

— eaurdi/ X i^clvtov Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] 

— Qvv X 5e ^te. 

11. i)pd9 fjbrj X 'yS'y rjpds Ln. 

[^Zx.] 

12. KOI ivbvcrwpcQa X evdvaoi- 

p,e6a be Ln. Tf. ; [o;?i. Kal 
Alx.l 

— OTrXa X epyn Ln. mg. iAlx.l 

13. eptSt X epicTL Ln. mg. 

14. dW X aAXa Tf. 

— /cat, o?«. ^te. 

— ei'y e7ridvp.Las X f"^ entdvpi- 

ais s. els eTnOvpiav Alx. 

Chap. XIY. 

2. ecrdiei X ea-dleTO) Alx. 

3. Kai 6 X o Se Ln. Tf. [J/x.] 

4. Sui'aTOS' yap ecTTiv X Sui^arei 

yap Ln. Tf. [Gb.^v.]. Alx. 

— eeos X Kyptoy Ln. Tf. [^Zx.] 

5. p.ei/, acZfZ. [yap] Ln. [Alx.1 

6. /cai 6 p,?) (ppovcov Ti)v rjpe- 

pav, Kvpico ov (ppove7, om. 
Ln. [Gb. ^. Alx. 

— 6 eadioiv, prcem. Koi Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

8. dTTo6vr](TK(i>pev X dnoOvr]- 

aKopev Ln. [/Ite.] 

— aTTodfrjaKoipev X dnoOvrj- 

(TKopei/ Ln. [y^te.] 

9. /cat drredave, om. Kcii Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. r;]. ^te. 

— dvecrrr] kol dve^rjcrev X ^'C^- 

o-fu Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
10. dbe\(f)6v (TOV, add. iv tw py-j 
tadleiv Alx. 

— XpKTTov X deov Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

-]. Alx. 



110 MANS. 

II. Trao-a yXajtrcra, post e^opo- 

XoyijaeraL Ln. [Alx.] 
[2. ouf, om. Ln. [Alx.] 

— baxret X aTToScocrfi Ln. txt. 

[^te.] 

— Tw 0e(w [Ln.] ; o??2. Alx. 

14. 81' eavTov X 8t' avTOv Gb. 

Sch. Ln. txt. Tf. 
[5. Se X y«p Ln.Tf. [Gb.~]. Alx. 
[6. vpoiv X T)pwv Alx. 
18. TOVTOis X TOVTO) Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Jte.] [Rec. Gb. -^]. 

— roi Xptcrrw, c>??i. rto Ln. 

— boKipos X boKipois Ln. mg. 
[9. apa X opct Ln. mg. 

— bi(x)Kcopev X biuxopev Ln. 

mg. 

— aXXryXof y, Offd. (pvXd^oipev 

Alx. 

21. ?) aKavbaXiCeraL t] dadevet, 

om. Tf. [Gb. ->]. ^Za'. 

22. TTLariu, add. rjv Ln. [^Za;.] 

— cravTOv X (reavrov Ln. Tf. 

23. dpaprla eVrtV, add. cap. xvi. 

25-27. Gb. Cs«. 

Chap. XV. 

2. yap, o?«. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

3. eneiTea-ov )( eTreireaav Ln. Tf. 

[JZo;.] 

4. 7rpoeypd(f)T] i" X ^ypd4>r] Ln. 

mg. ; [^Za:. Tvpocreypdcpr] s. 
eypd(f>rj TrdvTo]. 

— TTpoeypd<^r) 2° X ^ypdcf)r] Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. <^]. JZa;. 

— rrj? 7rapaKkr](reo3s., j^rcem. bui 

Sch. Ln. [Gb. ^l Alx. 
>]. rjpds X vpds Gb. Sch. Ln. 
txt. Tf. 

— Qeov, proim. rov Ln. Tf. 

lAlx.-] 
8. Xeyo) Se, 'iTjo-oiii' Xpicrrbv X 
Xeyo) yap XpLcrrou Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. --]. ^Za:. 

— yeyevrjcrOai X yeveaOai Ln. 

[/iZa;.] 
[I. TrdXii/, arZrZ. Xeyei Ln. [^Z.r.] 

— TOV Kvptov, post edvi] Ln. txt. 

Tf. [Alx.] 

— eTraiuecrare X eiraiveaaTOi- 

crav Ln. Tf. 

3. 7rXr)pa>(TaL vpds 7rd(TT]9 x"~ 

pas Kal elprjvrjs X TrXrjpo- 
(poprjarai vpds ev Trdcrrj 
X'^'^pd Ka\ elpTjVTj Ln. mg. 

— ev TU) TTiarTeveiv, om. Alx. 

— iv Trj eXnlbi, om. ev Alx. 

4. Kal avTol, om. Alx. 

00 



dXXrjXovs X iiXXovs Gb. ~. 

[Cst.] 
dbeX(l>ol, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
'Itjctou XpicrroO X Xpiarov 

"irjaov Ln. Tf. 
KavxTjO-LV^ prcem. rrjv Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
Qeov, jyroim. rov Gb. Sch.Ln. 

Tf. 

ToXprjcra> X ToXpco Ln. mg. 
XaXeli/ rt X "J"* XaXett' Ln. Tf. 

[Alx. s. Ti elrrelv]. 
KareipydaaTO X KarTjpyd- 

aaro Tf. 

bvvdpei, add. avrov Alx. 
Qeov X dyiov Gb. Sch. Ln. 

[^Za:.J ; 07n. Tf. [Gb. 3]. 
coare pe dno 'lepovaaXrjp 

KQL KVkXw pexpt TOV 'IX- 

XvpiKov TrenXrjpcoKevai to 
evayyeXiov \ (hare TreTrXrj- 
pSio-Bai dno 'lepovtr. pexpt 
TOV 'iXXup. Kal kvkXco to 
evayy. Alx. 

(piXoTipovpevov X (f>(-XoTi- 
povpai Ln. [Alx.] 

TO. TToXXd X TToXXoKlS Ln. 

[Alx.] 
Tov eXOelv, [tov] Ln. 
7roXXo)v X LKavcov Tf. 
cos eciv X COS dv Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 
TTopevcopaL X nopevopat Alx. 
eXevaopai Trpos vpds, om. 

Gb. Sch. Ln. 
ydp, om. Gb. Sch. 
vcf) X d(^' Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
evboKrjcrav ydp Kai, om. Alx. 
avTcov elcTLv X fiVii/ avTa>v 

Ln. Tf. [JZa7.] 
rj)^ iTvaviav, om. ttjv Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
TrXrjpdopaTi X TrXrjpociiop'ui 

Alx. 
TOV evayyeXiov tov, om. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
dbeXcjjol, om. Tf. 
npoaevxo.'is, add. vpoiv Alx. 
Iva 2°, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =:]. 

^Za:. 
biaKovia X boopocjiopLa Ln. 

[/(Za;.] 

fif X e'i' Ln. 
yevrjTai toIs dyiois X Toty 

dyiois yevTjTai Ln. [^Za:.] 
0eoO X Kvpiou 'It^ctou Ln. 

[XptOToC 'l/;o-ou ^Za:.] 
Kat crvvavaTravcroipai vplv, 

om. Ln. [Gb. ->]. 



33- elprjvqs, add. fJT(o Alx. 

— aixr]v [Ln.] Gb. -*. 

Chap. XVI. 

1. Se Gb. ->. iAlx.-] 

— fjfxwv X vfxa>v Ln. mg. [Alx.1 

2. avTTjv 7rpoade^r]a6e X Trpocr- 
Sef air. Ln. Tf. UZa;.] 

— avTOv eyLOv\iiiov avrov Ln. 

Tf. 

3. HpidKLWav X npLO-Kav Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

5. 'A;;^atas' X 'Atria? Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. [Rec. Gb. ~]. 

— els Xpiarov X ^'^ XptcrTcp 

Alx. 

6. Mapiap X MaptW Ln. 

— !7^ns' X ^'fias Ln. [Gb. f^] ; 

[Alx. s. iv vpA.v']. 

7. OL KOL irpo ipov yeyovacnv 

X Tois TTpo ipov [Alx.} 

— yeyovaaiv X y^yovav Ln. 

Tf. 



1 COEINTHIANS 

8. ^AfXTrXiav X 'AjUTrXtaroi/ Ln. 

mg. [^Za;.] 

9. Xpiara X Kvpico Ln. [^Zrr.] 
12. acrndcracrQe TLepa-lba rrju 

ayaTrrjTrjv, -^ris noXka eKO- 
TTiacrev iv Kvpico [Ln.] 

14. 'EppdvX'Epprjv Ln.Tf [Alx.] 

— 'Epprjv X 'Eppdv Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] 

15. 'lotiXtai/, Nrjpea X 'loui/iaj/, 

T^rjpeav Ln. mg. 

16. €KKkr]crLai, add. Trdcrai Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf ; [Alx. ? o?ra. ao". 

V/X. ai €Kk\. T. XpLCTTOV Alx.} 

17. (jKoirelv X dacf)aXS)s ctko- 

Trelre Alx. 

— epadere.) add. Xeyovras r] Alx. 

18. 'It/ctou, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— 'KptcFT^., ante rjpcov Gb. f^\ 

— Kal evXoyiaSf om. Alx. 

— diXco 8e X Koi deXco Alx. 

19. xaipci) ovv TO icf)' vplv X i(f>' 

vplv ovv xaipo) Ln. Tf. ; [to 
Gb. -]. Alx. 



ig. fxev, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. --X}. 
Alx. 

20. ^ X^P*^ • • • ff^' vpcoVj om. 

Alx. 

— peB^ vpcov, add. dprjv. Elz. 

21. 'AcTTTa^oz/rai X ^AaTrdC^Tai 

Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 

— arvyyevels pov, add. Koi al 

€KKkr]o-iai Trdcrai tov Xpi- 
(TTOV Alx. 

23. TT]s €K.K\r](Tias o\t]s X okrjs 

tt)? €KK\r](TLas Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 

24. 'H X<^P'^ Toi' Kf ptou 77jLtwi/ 

^lijcrov XpicTTOv perd rrdv- 
Tcov vp5)V. dprjv, om. Ln. 

25. ad Jin. Gb. ;f?'5. ^osZ xiv. 23. 

— re, o??z. ^Za^. 

27. aioivay, atM. rwi/ alcovcov Ln. 

IIpo? 'Pcopaiovs iypdcfir] dno 
Kopivdov bid ^OL^rjs r?j? 
SiaxoVou TJ]S ev Keyxp^cus 
eKKkrjaias^ om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 



1 CORINTHIANS. 



Chap. I. 

I. KkrjTOS [Ln.] Gb. ->. [Alx.} 

— 'It/o-ou XpicTTov X Xpiarov 

^lr](T0v Ln. Tf. 
3. r^ oi;'cr?7 ei' K.opivdco, post 
Xpi. 'ir](TOv Ln. Tf. [Alx-1 

— re, o)H. Ln. 

8. Tjpepa X Tvapovcria Alx. 

13. {'Trep X Ti'fp' Ln. txt. Tf. 

14. ro) 06(5, o?«. ./4Za:. s. rco deed 

pov. 

— e^dTrTia-aXi^aTTTicrdrjTe liTi. 

Tf. [Alx.} 
17. Xpiaros X [o] Xpiarrds Ln. 

— dXX' X aX/Va Tf. 

20. TOVTOV, om. Ln.Tf. [Gh.^}. Alx. 
22. arjpelnv X crrjpeia Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
23."EXX770-t X ^'Ovecri Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

26. 7ap X ovv Alx. 

27. tva rous (ro(f)ovs Karaicxyvrj 

X tVa Karaicrx- T. ao(pQvs 
[Ln.] Tf [JZa;.] 

— Koi rd daOevrj tov Kocrpov 

e^eXe^aro 6 Geo? [Ln.] 



28. Kai ra pr]., om. Kai Sch. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. I?]. 

29. avTov X Tov 6eov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 

30. riplv (ro(pLa X (Tocpia rfplv 

Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 

Chap. II. 

1 . paprvpiov X pvar-qpiov Gb. <^\ 

[^Za;.] 

2. TOV eldevai ti X Ti etSeVat 

Gb. Sch. Ln. txt. Tf. ; eldevai 
Ti Ln. mg. 

3. Kai eyo) X Kayo) Ln. [^Zx.] 

— eV (p6^(o^ om. iv Alx. 

4. 7r€i6o7s X Treidol. Gb. <^. 

— dvdpcoTTLvrjs, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
7. cro<pLav GeoO X ^^oi) (rocjiiav 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
9. a X oo'ct Ln. 

10. 6 060? d7reKaXi;\//'e X drreK. 

6 deos Ln. Tf. 

— avTOV., om. Ln. [Gb. :3]. .<4Za;. 

11. ofSei/ X 'iyvoiKiv Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

<^]. Alx. 

61 



12. Koapov, add. tovtov Alx. 

13. 'Ayt'ou, o?ra. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

15. pev X ra Tf. [Ln.] Gb. -. Alx. 

16. XpicTTOv X Kvpiov Ln. txt. 

[^Za;.] 

Chap. III. 

1. Kai eyo) X ndyco Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 

— XaXijo-at vplv X vp'iv XaXrj- 

crai Csi. 

— aapK.LK.o2s X aapKivois Gb. 

Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 

2. Kai ou, om. Kol Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 

— TjbvvaaOe \ i8vv. Ln. Tf. 

— ovre X ouSe Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— en [Ln.] 

3. aapKiKoi iaTC X eo're aapK. 

Tf ; aapKLvoi iaT€ Gb. <^'. 
[^Z.r.] 

— Kai bixoaTaaiaif om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. 3]. ^Za7. 

— Xe'yr; Tis Xtis Xiyrj Alx. 

4. oiixi X ovK Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 

— aapKLKol X avBpcoTroi Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 



1 CORINTHIANS. 



$. Tls X Tt bis Ln. txt. [Alx.] 

— naOXoy, trs. IlavXos ct 'A- 

TToWois Ln.Tf. [Gb.-]. AIx. 

— 5e, acW. ecTTLV Ln. [^te.] 

— dXX' /}, o??i. Gb. Sch. Ln. 
6. a\X X dXXci Ln. txt. Tf. 

10. reQeiKa \ WrjKa Ln. 

II. 'Ij^crou? 6 Xpio-rds' X Xpt- 
(JTOS ^Irjcrovs Ln. Tf. [yite.] ; 
'I770-. Xp. Gb. Sch. 

13. TOVTOV, cm, Ln. Tf. [Gb. ->]. 
Alx. 

13. TrCp, add. avTO Ln. Tf. [J/x.] 

14. erraKodofXTjae X CTroiKoSo/x. 

Tf! 
17. roOroj' X 0.VT0V Ln. [Gb. ^]. 

19. TM 0e(5, o?«. ro) Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.-] ' 
23. eariv, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. :5]. 

Chap. IV. 
I. GfoG. 2. 6 Se X ^eoO d)§e. 

Ln. [Alx.} 
6.0X0. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— (fypovelv, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.l 

9. ort, o??i. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 3]. ^Za?. 

11. yvfxvTjTevofiev X yvfiviT. Ln. 

Tf. 

13. j3Xa(T(prj[xovijL€voL X 8vacf)T)- 

fj.oviJ.evoL Tf. [Gb. ^]. Jte. 

14. vovOeTco X vovdercov Gb. i^. 

[^Zx.] 

17. Tf-KVOV llOV X /iOV TSKVOV Ln. 

Tf. [^te.] 
-- XptoTco, ofZfZ. IrycroO Ln. ; 

[^Zar. s. Kvpico s. Kvpico 'irj- 

crov]. 
21. TTpaoTTjTOs X TrpavTTjTos Ln. 

Tf. 

Chap. V. 

1. oi/o/*d^erat, o??i. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

2. i^apOfi X «p^,^ Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— TTOLTjaas X "TTpd^as Tf. [Gb. 

r^]. ^Z.r. 

3. cos, om. Ln. [Gb. =;]. Alx. 

4. J7pcoi/ 1^ [Ln.] 

— Xpia-Tox) 1°, om. Ln.Tf. {.Alx.} 

— Tjuwu 2° [Ln.] 

— Xpio-Tov 2°, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
J. 'l/ytrou, om. Tf. ; [T]p.cov ^Irj- 

aov Xpi(TTOv] Ln. [yiZa:.] 
6. ^vp-oT. X 60X01 Gb. <^. 
•J. ovu, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



7. t^Trep Tjp.5)Vi om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

rj]. Alx. 

— eridrj \ eOvdrj Elz. 

8. €opTd^(i)p,ev\iopTa.^oixev Ln. 

mg. 

10. KOI ou Trdi-Tco?, o?n. Koi Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. =i]. Alx. 

— 77 apna^iv X '^"'^ dpTT. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. cv^]. Alx. 

— ocpelXeTeX o)(peikeT€ Ln.txt. 

Tf. [Alx.-] 

11. t'l'z/i X vvv Ln. txt. 

12. /cat rovs", om. Kat Ln. [JZa:.] 

13. Koi, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. [Rec. 

Gb. ~]. 

— i^apiiTe X i^dpuTe Gb. Ln. 

Tf. [Rec. Gb. ~]. Alx. 

Chap. VL 

2. ovK X J? ouK Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
5. Xeyo) X XaXco Ln. 

— eo-riz/ X eVt Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— aocj^os ovde els X ov8els ao- 

<f)bs Ln. Alx. ; [oi^Se Gb. -]. 
Alx. 

7. eV, o??i. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

8. ravTU X rovTO Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

<^]. Alx. 

9. (BaaiXetav Qeov X ^foi) ^acr. 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

10. ovre pedvaoL X ov pe6. Tf. 

— ov, om. Ln. [Gb. -»]. ^Za?. 

11. aXX' X aKkct Ln. Tf. 

— Kvpiov, add. [r)pa>v] Ln. 

— 'Ij^crou, add. XpLarov Ln. 

14. J7pas X vpds Elz. 

— e^eyepel X e^eyeipei Ln.txt. 
16. T^r, om. Tf. [^Za;.] 

— cfirjcrlv [Ln.] 

19. TO aw pa X TO ad}p.aTa Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. 06«. 

20. Kai eV T&> 7Tvevp.arL vpiojv, 

arivd ecTTL tov Qeov, om. 
Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

Chap. VII. 

I. p,ot, om. Tf. 

3. oCJ^eiKopevrjv evvoiavX d(l)et~ 

Xrjv Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ;^e [Ln.] 

4. dXX' his X dXXd Ln. Tf. 

g. axoXd^Tjre X o-p^oXdorjyrc Gb. 
Sell. Ln. Tf. 

— TTJ vqcrrela Koi, om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. 'If. 

— avvepx^Tjdcre X ^^f Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
7. yap X 8e Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^Za;, 
C2 



aXX' X a>^>^a Tf. 
XapLo-p-a ex^L \ e'xn X"/5t- 
cr/xa Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

05 ^ ' . OS X o . . . 6 Ln. Tf. 
[Alx.] 

icTTiv, om,. Gb. Sell. Ln. Tf. 
idv, add. [ovtccs] Ln. 
upeicraov X Kpelrrov Ln. txt. 
yap.rjo-ai X ycipelv Gb. ~. 

[Alx.] 

uXX' X ak\d Ln. Tf. 
Xcopicrdrji'at X X'^P'-C^^^^'- 

Ln. [^Za;.] 
eyw Xeyco X Xeyco eyo) Ln. 

Tf. 
avTos X ovTos Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

f^]. Alx. 
avTov X TOV civhpa Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. t^]. Alx. 

yvvaiKi, add. rfj TTiar^ Alx. 
dvbpi X dSeX^O) Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
rjpds X yP'ds Tf. 

6 Geoy, . . ■. 6 KvpioSj trs. 
Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

biaTdaaopLai X dibdaKco Alx. 
ris eKXrjdr) X KeKXrjral, tis 

Ln. Tf. 

Ka\, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
Tcp Geo), om. rw Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
yr]p.rjS X yap.rjar]s Ln. Tf. ; 

[Alx. s. Xd^rjs yvvalKa]. 
T) napdevos, [r]] Ln. 
d8€X(f>o\, add. OTi Elz. 

TO XoLTTOV icTTLV X i<JTLV, TO 

XoiTTOv Sch. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
01 exovTes, om. 01 Elz. 

TO) KOCrpCO TOVTCO X TOVTCO T<U 

KoapM Gb. Sell. ; tou k6- 

apov Ln. Tf. [yllx.] 
dpecrei his X <^P^(^I] Ln. [Alx.] 
MepepicTai X 'f<^' p.epepi- 

(TTai Kal Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

<^]. Alx. ; p.€p.ep. Ka\ Cst. 
yvvT), add. rj ayapos Ln. 
ay la Koi, [Ka\] Ln. ; add. T(o 

Ln. 

TTPevpaTi, prmm. rw Ln. 
dpeaei X dpecrrj Ln. 
avp-CJiepov X crvp<popov Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.] 
evTvpoaehpov X evrrdpebpou 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
edpalos ev ttj Kapbia X fV ttj 

Kapd. avTOv ebpalos Ln. 

[Alx.]; om. idpalos Tf. [Gb. 

-]. 



tict avTOV, om. avrov Ln. ; 
idia Kapdia Tf. 

— Tov rrjpelv, om. rod Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.l 

— TTOtet X TTOirjcrei Ln. [Alx.1 
2,3. eKycifxi^cov X yafxi^iiiv Ln. 

[Alx^ [Gb. ~] ; add. rrjVTrap- 
Oevov iavTOV Ln. [Alx.} 

— 6 Se X /fat o ^b. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— eK-yaixi^cov X yapl^cov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. 

— TTOtet X Tfotrjaet Ln. [^Za;.] 
29. vofxa), om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— eav de, add. Km Tf [Alv.] 
~ avTTjs 2° om. Ln. Tf [Gb. =?]. 

Alx. 
40. 6e 3° X y^p yfto. 

Chap. YIII. 

2. ei 8e, owj. Se Ln. Tf. [Gb. =?]. 

— eldevai X eyvaxevai Ln. Tf 

[^Z«.] 

— ovdeTTCo X ouTTO) Ln. [JZa;.] 

— ovdev., om. Ln. [Gb. -•]. ^to. 

— i'yvcoKe X ey'^co Ln. [^?a?.] 

4. ereposi om. Ln. [Gb. ^]. ^te. 

5. r^? yj}?, o?n. rrjs Gb. Sch.Ln. 

Tf 

6. dXX' [Ln.] 

7. avvetdrjaei, X o-vvrjdeta Ln. 

[Gb. ^]. ^Za;. 

— roC etScbXou eco? aprt X f^S" 

apTi rou etS. Ln. Tf [Alx.} 

8. 7rapLcrTrjcnX'n'apa(Trr](r€t Ln. 

Tf [Gb. ~]. ^Z«. 

— cure yap eay (^ayco/xej/, ttc- 

pi(r(T€Vopev ' ovre iav /xtj 
(f)dya>ix6v, varepovp.e6a X 
oure eav pi) <pdywp,€V, rre- 
piaaevopev^ ovre iav (pd- 
yu>pev varepovfieda Ln. 
[Alx.] ; ouVe eai/ p?) (fidy. 
vaTepovjxeda, ovre edv c/)a- 
yoipeu, 7T€pi(T(jevoixev Tf 

9. aa^eTOucrti/ X dadeveaiv Ln. 

Tf [Gb. ^]. Alx. 

10. o"e [Ln.] Alx. 

11. Kai aTToXetrat X oTroXXurat 

yap Ln. Tf [^te.] 

— aSeXc^oy, om.liic Ln.Tf. [^Za;.] 

— eVt X eV Ln. Tf [Gb. ~]. Alx. 
~ yi/axjei, add. 6 d8€X(p6s Ln. 

Tf [Alx.] 
13. p,ou, o?«. Alx. 

Chap. IX.^ 
I. aTToOTToXos ; ovk etpt eXeu- 



1 CORINTHIANS, 

6epos; trs. aTToa-T.et eXevd. 
Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. [Eec.Gb.~J. 

1. XpLCTTOV, om. Ln. Tf. 

2. T^S e'p^? OTTOCrToX?}? X f^ov 

rrjs dTToaToXrjs Ln. Tf. 

3. auTjy eVri X icrriv avrrj Ln. 
6. rou pj7, om. tov Ln. [Alx.] 

>]. €< TOV KapiTOV X TOV KapTTOV 

Ln. Tf [Gb. cv]. Alx. 

— eadlei, add. /cat Tri'fet ^te. 

— 77 rt?, om. ^ Ln. Tf. [^ite.] 

8. XaXo) X Xeyoj ^Za?. 

— ovx^L Kal 6 vopos TavTaXxcu 

6 vopos TavTa ov Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. ^]. Alx. 

9. €i> yap TO) M CO ere CO? vopco ye- 

ypanTat X y^ypanTat. yap 
Alx. 

— (ptpaiorets X KTjpaaeis Alx. 



Twv pocov, pi-wm. Trept .^Za:. 
eV eXTTtSi 6<f)6Lk€i X o^. eV 

eXTT. Ln. Tf [JZa;.] 
T^? eXnidos avTov peTe^etv 

eV eXnidi X eV iXnidi tov 

peTex^iv Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
, Oepiaopev X deplcrcopev Tf 

[Ln. mg.] ^Za7. 
i^ovalas vpav X ^'p. e^- Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
eyKonrjv Tiva X rtva ey/c. Ln. 

Tf 

epya^opevoi, add. to. Alx. 
7rpO(Te8pevovT€9 XTrapebpev- 

ovt€s Ln. Tf [Gb. f^]. Alx. 
ovdevl exprjcrdpijv X ov K€~ 

Kprjpai ov8ev\ Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
tva Tis X ovdels Ln. 
Kevaxjrj X Ksvoiaei Ln. (txt.) 

Tf. 

Kavxrjpa X X"P'^ ^^^• 
ovai Se X ovat yap Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 
evayyeXi^dopai 2° X ft'ayye- 

Xtcrcopat Ln. txt. Tf. 
poi X pov Tf. 
rou XpiaTov, om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =J]. ^Za:. 
vopov 2°, add. prj (hv avTos 

VTTO vopov Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 
06(5 X Oeod Ln. Tf [Gb. ^]. 

aL 

XptcTTw X Xpio-roD Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. e^]. Alx. 
K€p8r)aa> X Kepdduco Tovs Ln. 

Tf [Gb. ~]. Alx. 
dvopovs, prcem. tovs Ln. Tf. 
WS-, om. Tf [Ln.] 



22. ra, om. Ln. Tf [Gb. -]. Alx. 

— TrdvTcos Tivds X ndvTas Alx. 

23. ro€ro X ndvTa Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

'^J. Alx. 

27. VTTCOTTtd^CO X VTTOTrid^Oti Gb. ~. 

[^Za;.] 

— SofXaycoyco X SovXayayco St. 

Chap. X. 

1. Se X yap Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

2. €J3a7TTiaavTO X e^anTiadr]- 

crav Ln. [^Za;.] 

3. ^p5)pa TTvevpariKov etpayov 

X TTvevp. €cf). I3p. Ln. 

4. no pa TTvevpaTLKOv eirtov X 

TTV. eV. TTopa Ln. Tf. 

— 8e TTeTpa X TTSTpa de Ln. txt. 

Tf. 
g. evdoicrjaev X rjvdoK. Ln. Tf. 

7. o)? X co(T7rep Ln. Tf. [Gb. <^]. 

8. enopvevaav X e^enopvevo'av 

Alx. 

— eirearov X '^^reaav Ln. Tf. 

[^Za:.] 

9. XpiaTOV X Kvpiov Ln. [Gb. 

t^]. ^Za?. 

— Kai rtj/e?, o»z. /cat Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =t]. ^Za?. 

— eTreipaa-avXe^eneipacrav JjXI. 

mg. [^Za;.] 

10. yoyyv^eTeXyoyyv^copev Alx. 

— /cat riz^es', om. kol Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. 15]. Alx. 

11. Trdvra, o?ra. Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 

— avvelSaivov X (Twe^aivev Alx. 

— TVTCOl X TVTTiKUyS Ln. [Alx.] 

— KarrjvrqaevX K.aTr]VTr]Kev Ln. 

Tf. 
13. edo-et X d<pr]a€t Alx. 

— vpdst om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 
16. TOV a'lpaTOS tov Xpicrrov 
ecTTL X eaTiv tov alp. tov 
Xp. Tf 

— TOV acopaTos tov XpiarTov 

iaTLv X io-TLV TOV crap, tov 
Xp. Tf. 

18. ovxl X ovx Ln. Tf 

19. e'ldoiXov X el8a)X6dvTOV Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.] 

— etScoXd^uroz/ X e'ldaXov Ln. 

Tf [Alx.] 

20. ^i;ei X Bvovrnv Ln. Tf [Gb. 

r«]. Alx. 

— TO. Win], om. Ln. Tf [Gb. :5]. 

Alx. 

— 6vei X Bvova-iv Tf. [Gb. ^] ; 

[sic post 6ea Ln.] 



fioi, om. his Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
€Ka(TTOS, om. Gb. Scli. Ln. Tf. 
yap livplov X Kupi'ou yap 

Ln. Tf. 

Se, om. Ln. [Gb. -]. 
aTrt'oTcdv, add. els bemvov 

Alx. 
. eldcoXodvTov X upoOvTOv Ln. 

txt. Tf. [Gb. ^]. ^/.r. 
Tov yap Kvplov fj yrj Kai to 

7rXT]pa>p.a avrris, om.Gb.Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
, 8e, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
ylvea-Be Ka\ 'lovdaiois X kol 

'lov5. ylv. Ln. Tf. [^?a.-.] 
crvp.(f)epov X o-vp-rfiopop Ln. 

Tf. 

Chap. XI. 

aSeXc^oi, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
77apaSoo-eif, ad<Z. pou ^?a;. 
'K.pLCTTOv, 2)r(em. tov Tf. [Ln.] 
iavTTjs X auT^y Ln. [^te.] 
yvvrj, prcem. rj Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
avrjp X^P'-^ yvvaiKus, ovre 

yvuq X'^P'-^ dvdpos X yvvrj 

X^P- o.vbp. ovre avrjp X^P- 

yvv. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
r] ov8e avTr] rj (pvcns X ovbe. 

T) (f)vcns avTTj Ln. Tf. [Alx.] ; 

[rj Gb. I?, oni. .<4te. ; avTjj Gb. 

-]. 

aur^, o??i. Sch. Tf. [Gb. =i]. 
TrapayyeXKcov ov< iiraivS) X 

7rapayyeXk(o ovk inaLvSiv 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^-v]. Alx. 
KpcLTTOV X Kpeicrcrov Ln. Tf. 
dXX' X aXXa Tf. 
TjTTOv X rjcraov Ln. Tf. [^Za:.] 
7-^ eKK\T]crLa, om. Trj Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

eV vp.lu, om. Alx. 
tJ^a, orW. [Kal] Ln. [/4te.] 
oui', o.'«. Alx. 

TTpoXap^avelf^TrpoaXap.. Alx. 
iv T(o X fVt r« yi/a?. 
vpij/ etVo) X €t7ra) CpTi' Ln. 

Tf. [.lie] 
CTraivecru) X eVatj/co Ln. txt. 

[^Zx.]^ 
TrapedldoTo XTrapaSi'Sero Ln. 

Tf. 
Aa/3ere, cjydyeTe, om.Gh. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
jcXcopei'oi/, o/«. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

-]. yf/a;. 

ep« atpart X "'M- f o*^ ^'^• 
a*/ X ^-i" L"- 'i'^- 



1 CORINTHIANS. 

26. ai/ X e"y Ln. Tf. 

— TovTO, om. Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

— Of, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

27. TOVTov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ^ X 'fo't Ln. mg. [Alx.] 

— aipaTos, prccm. tov Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

28. avdpcoiros iavTOV X ^avT. 
avdp. Tf. Ln. mg. 

29. dj/a|/(BS', om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =?]. 
Alx. 

— TOV Kvplov, om. Ln.Tf. [Alx.] 

31. yap X Se Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. Alx. 

32. VTTO X ^TTO TOV.) S. 0.770 Alx. 

34. Se, o?rt. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Stard^opat X StaTa^copat Ln. 
uig. [Alx.] 



Chap. XII. 

on, CK?rf. 0T€ Sch. [Ln.] Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. 
XaXoJv, o??i. ^Za:. 
'It/o-ovi/X'I^o-ous Ln.Tf. [Gb. 

t^]. Alx. 
KvpLOv 'lr]a-ovv X Kupioy 

'It/o-ous Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. Alx. 
6 Se X Ka\ 6 Tf. [^Z:c.] 
eo-Tt, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
irepcp Se, [5e] Ln.; o??i. Alx. 
avTco X e'l^i Ln. Tf. 
be 2", oni. ^Za;. 
be npocf).., om. be Ln. 
be biaKp.., om. be Ln. 
be yeirrj, om. be Ln. 
epp.r]veia X biepp-r^veia Ln. 

txt. 

iSt'a, o??z. ^Z.r. 
Koi peX?; X peX?; 6e ^Zr. 
e;(ei iroWa X TToXXd e;(ei 

Ln. Alx. 
TOV evos, om. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. zt]. 
ei? 2°, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -]. 

Alx. 

vvvL X vCj/ Ln. [Alx.] 
TO. [Ln.] 
peV [Ln.] 

Se, o»i. Gb. Sch. [Ln.] 
6(f)da\p.6s, lircum. 6 Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Uf. 

etvai, ffcZ(Z. p.e\r) Alx. 
akX X nXXd Ln. Tf. 
ex^i, Mid. TLp.fjs Alx. 
ixTTepovvTC X v(fTepovpivco 

Ln. [JZx.] 

crxi-o-pa X (rxlo-p,aTa Alx. 

p.epLp,vu)(ri X p-epip-va. Alx. 

6i 



26. eiVe X ft rt Ln. txt. 

28. 6iTa X eVetra Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

3f. KpeiTTova X p-ei^ova Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 

Chap. XIII. 

1. dXaXd^oj/ X akaXd^oii/ Ln. 
mg. 

2. fcat edv i° X 'f«i' Ln. 

- p.edi.(TTdveiv\p.e6i(TTdvai'Lxi. 
[Alx.] 

- ovbev X ovBev St. Ln. Tf. 

3. Koi eav his \ Kau Ln. 

- ■v//'cop/(rca X A/zcopt'^ci) Elz. 

- Kavdr]aa)p.ai X Kav6r]aopai 
Tf. ; Kavxr]aaip.aL Alx. 

4. ^ dyaTT?; ou TrepTr., [77 dyd- 
TT?;] Ln. ; o?«. v4Za:. 

8. eKTVLTTTeL X TTtTTTet Ln. [^Zrc] 

- Se, o??i. ^Zo;. 

- yi'coo-is', KaTapyrjOrjcreTai X 

yi/coo-etf, KaTapyrjdqaouTai 
Ln. mg. [JZjc.] 

9. ydp X 6e Tf. [Gb. ~]. Cs<. 

10. Tore, o;«. Ln. Tf. [Gb. n5]. 

^Za;. 

11. cos vrjTTLOS eXdXovu, u>s vrj- 

TTLOS eCppOVOVV., COS VTjTriOS 

e\oyi^6p.r]v ]{ eX. cos vrjTT., 
€(f)p. COS Pr]TT., e\oy. as vrjir. 
Ln. Tf. 

- be, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

12. ydp Gb. -*. [Alx.] 

- d'pri, add. cos Alx. 

Chap. XIV. 

1. yXcocrar; X yXcoo-o-aif Alx. 

2. TO) Geo), o?n. tco Ln. [^Za;.] 

5. yap X ^e Ln. Tf. 

6. Nf j/i X ''^^v Ln. 

7. rots' (pdoyyois X "ToC (})doy 

yov Ln. txt. 

- §0) X SiSw Tf. [Gb. cv]. Alx. 

10. eVrti/ X elalv Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

- ciuTcov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -]. 

Alx. 

11. eiSco X '^boo s. yivcocTKco Alx. 

- eV, o«i. ^Za-. 

13. bioTTep X fiio Ln. [^iZ.y.] 

14. ydp [Ln.] 

15. TTpoa-ev^np.aL his X Trpoaeu' 

^oip.ai Ln. mg. [^iZ.r.] 

- npna-ev^opai be, om. be Tf. 

- rw t'oi' 2°, om. tw Elz. 

- yj/aXco be, om. be Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

-;]. 
r6. evXoyrja-Tjs X euXoy^y Ln. 
[.Ite.] 



25- 



31- 



T(o TTvevfiaTi, om. r<a Ln. Tf. 

Ute.] 

[MOV, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
ykaa-craLS X yXcocro-?/ Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. cs.]. Alx. 
XaXav X >>a\co Ln. Tf [Alx.] 

aXX' X aWa Ln. Tf. 

Sta rov voos X tw Wj^Ln. 

[Gb. ~]. Alx. 

erepois X irepoiv Ln. [^Za;.] 
(TVveXdr] X f X^// Ln. txt. 
7rdvT€s yXoiaaaLS XaXcoatv 

X Travr. XaX. -yXcocr. Ln. ; 

XaX. yXcixr. ndvT. Tf. 
Kai ouro), o?/i. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf 
6 ©eoff ovToos X oWcoff 6 ^eoy 

Ln. Tf [Alx.} 
Vfxwv, om. Ln. 
yXcocra-av e^^t, aTroKaXvyj/iv 

e'xei X dnoK. e-)(ei, ykaar. 

e^. Ln. Tf. [Alx.1 
yeviaOoi \ yivecrOai Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

diepfj.TjvevTTjsXepiirjvevTrjs'Ln. 
ol, om. Alx. 
Se, om. Alx. 

7raz/rey, af?rZ, Ka^' eva Alx. 
TTuevpara X Trvevp-a Gb. ~. 

[J/a;.] 

dXX' X aXXa Ln. Tf. 
dylodv, add. StSacrKO) ^Za?. 
vss. 34, 35 post vs. 40 ^Za?. 
vfjLcov, om. Ln. [Gb. -*]. ^Za;. 
eTriTerpaTTTai X imTpeTreTat, 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. c^']. ^Za-. 
aXX' X aWd Ln. Tf 
vTrordaaea-dai X vTroraaae- 

crOoicrav Ln. [^Z.r.3 
yvvai^lv X yvi'ai/fi Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. ^Za?. 
ei/ eKKkr](Tl.a XaXelv X XaXeii/ 

eV €KKXr]cria Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 
To€ KvpioVf om. tov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

dalv X eo-TiV Ln. Tf. [Alx.l 
evToXai X evroXr) Ln. [^Za?.] ; 

OTO. Tf [.4Za;.] 
dyvoeLTco X ayi/oeTrat Ln. 
ddeXcjiol, add. [p.ov] Ln. [^Za;.] 
yXoxTcratS' p.rj KcoXvere X jM?) 

KcoX. iu yXoiaaais Ln. Tf ; 

[eV] Ln. 
Traira, ofZcZ. Se Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb, -3. Alx. 

^ Chap. XV. 

ea-TTjKare X crrrjK€T€ Alx. 



1 CO RINTHI ANS 

2. 6t KaT£X^T€ X 0(l)€lXer€ KUT- 

— be Kal, om. Koi Ln. 

4. r^ Tpi'r?; rjpepa X VH-^P'} "''V 
rpirrj Ln.Tf. 

5. efra X eneiTa s. Koi p-erd 
TavTa Alx. 

— dcodeKa X eubcKa Alx. 

6. TrXeiovs X rrXeio'^es Ln. Tf. 
[^Za;.] 

— Kat, om. ^Za?. 
'7. etra roiy X fTretra Tf. [Ln. 

mg.] ^Zar. 

10. 7^ els, om. Alx. 

— dXV X dXXd Ln. Tf. 

— 37 crvi/, ow. 77 Ln. [Alx.} 

11. ow X be Alx. 

12. ort €K veKpwv eyrjyepTai X 
e/c feKp* OTL eyrjyeprai. Tf. 

— Tti/es iv vplv X eV {ifiti/ rives 
Ln. Tf. 

14. TO, prcem. kol Sch. Tf. [Ln.] 
Gb. ^. 

— be Kot, om. be Ln. [Gb. =J]. 
Alx. 

15. fiTTfp apa veKpdl ovk eyei- 
povrai, om. Alx. 

17. vpcov, add. [iariv'] Ln. [Alx.] 

19. TjXTTLKores ia-pev iv Xpiarco 
X eV Xp. tjXttk. ecrpev Ln. 
Tf [^Za;.] 

20. eyevero., om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

31. o BdvaTos, om. 6 Ln. [Alx.] 

23. XptOTOu, prcem. tov Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

24. Tvapaba X TrapaStSot Ln. txt. 
Tf ; TTapabibw Ln. mg. [Gb. 
<^]. Alx. 

2i. dv, om. Ln. Tf [Gb. =J]. 

— e^Opovs, add. [avrov] Ln. 
[Alx.] 

2']. on [Ln.] 

28. Kal [Ln.] [^Za?.] 

— Qebs rd, om. rd Ln. 

29. TO)!/ veKpoiv 2° X avTav Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 

31. vperepavX rjperepav St. [Gb. 
~]. ^Za;. 

— KavxTJctVy add. aSeX^oi Ln. 
[^Za?.] 

33. XPW^' X XPW^^ Crb. Sch. 
Tf. 

34. Xeyco X XaXw Ln. txt. Tf. 
[Alx.] 

36. d(})povXa(f)pa>v Ln. Tf [^Zx.] 
38. aurcB Si'Soocrt X ^tS- at'T. Ln. 
Tf' 

65 



38. rd ibiovj om. rd Ln. [Gb. ::?]. 

Alx. 

39. crap^ dvdpMTTCov, om. crdp^ 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— crdp^ KT-qvmv, crdp^ Gb. -♦ ; 

om. Alx. 

— oXXt] be IxdvcdV, dXXrj be 

TrnjvCiv X dXXr] be adp^ 
nnjvcov, dXXr) be IxOvcovLin. 
Tf Alx. ; iadp^ [Ln.] ). 

40. aXX' X «XXa Ln. Tf. 

44. ean, prcem. el Ln. Tf [Alx.] 

— Koi ean X fcrrt kol Ln. Tf. 

— crwpa 4°, o??i. Ln. Tf. [Gb.->]. 

Alx. 

45. avdponTTOS [Ln.] 

4^ 6 Kupio?, o??i. Ln.Tf. [Gb.rJ]. 
Alx. 

49. cf)opecropev X cjiopea-copev Ln. 

[JZa?.] 

50. KXr]povope7 X KXrjpovopTjcret 

Ln. [^Za;.] 

51. /iei/, o??i. Tf. [Ln.] 

— ot» KoiprjOr^cropeBa- Travres X 

KoiprjQ, ov Tvdvres Ln. [Gb. 
c^] ; ^Zar. s. Traires pev dva~ 
orqcropeda, ov Travres be. 

52. pnrfj X poTT^^ Ln. mg. [Alx.] 

— eyepdrjcrovTcu X dvaar-qcrov- 

rai Ln. [^Za".] 
ii.rd Kevrpov X to I'tKoy Ln. 
txt. [Alx.] 

— abr] X 6dvare Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

— rd vIkos X TO Kevrpov Ln. 

txt. [^Zx.] 

Chap. XVI. 

2. aajS^drcov X cra^jSdrov Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. ~]. JZx. 

— euoScorat X evobfodfj Alx. 

3. eai/ X "I' Ln. 

4. 77 a^toy X «^toi' ^ Ln. 

7. be X ydp Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— eTTLrpeTTT] X eTrirpeyjrrj Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ^-]. JZx. 

10. KOL eyoa X Kayco Ln. Tf. ; [Alx. 

s. om. Ka\]. 

11. ovv, om. Alx. 

— pe X ^P-^ Ln. 

12. dbeX(f)ov, add. br]Xa> vpiv on 

Alx. 

13. Kparaiovade, prcem. [kcli] Ln. 

[Alx.] 
li. '2re(fiavd, add. ^oprovvdrov 

s. Kal ^oprovvdrov Kal 'A- 

XaiKOV Alx. 
17. ^ovprovvdrov X ^oprovvd- 

rov Ln. Tf. 

24 



i>]. Vjxcov X vixinpov Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.-] 
— otroi X avTol Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

18. TO ifiov, pram. Koi Alx. 

19. acnra^ovrai 2° X arrTrd^fTat 

Tf. [Ln. nig.] 



2 CORINTHIANS. 

19. iKKkrjCTLa^ add. Trap ols Ka\ 

^evi^ofxai Alx. 
23. ^Irjrrovu XpLCTTov, om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =J]. Alx. 

23. Xptarov, om. Tf. 

24. Kvpiov, add. T)p.S)V Alx. 



24. a/xryi/. om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. rt]. 

npoj Kopiudiovs npdoTr] iypd- 
cpr] dno ^iXiTTTTcoi/ 5ia Sre- 
<jf)aj/a, Kal ^oi^proui/drov, 
Koi ^Axci'iKoVy Kal Tt/io^eou, 
o?«. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



2 CORINTHIANS 



Chap. I. 

I. 'ifjcroO Xpiarov X XpiarTov 
'ir](Tov Tf. 

- dia XpL(TTOv X Sta tov Xp. 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
>. TTJs ivepyovp.€vqi eu vTTOfxovrj 
tS)V avTcov TTadrjjidToiv oov 
Ka\ ■fjp.e'li ndcrxoiJ-ev, post 
eiVf TTUpaKaX., irrep rrjs v/x. 
TrapaKX. Gb. [Alx.] 

- €ire TrapaKaXovp-eda, virep 

T^f vpCav Trapaickrjcreais Ka\ 
(rcoTrjp'ias' Ka\ rj eXnis rjpcov 
^e(3aia vnep vp-wv \ Ka\ tj 
(Xrrls Tjpcov ^ejBaLU virep 
vpav, e'lre TrapaKaXovp.(6a 
vtrep Tris vp.a>v napaKXr]- 
<r€a>s Ka\ aa>TT]pLas Scb.Ln. 
Tf. [Gb. cv], 
. cocTTrep X «? Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 
1. VTrep X T^epl Ln. [Gb. ~]. 
Alx. 

- rjpiv^ om. Ln. [Gb. =t]. Alx. 

- elSaprjdripev vnep bvvapiv X 

VTrep bvvap.iv elBaprjd. Ln, 

[Alx.] 
. dXXd X dXX^ Ln. 
1. Ka\ pveraL X 'f^i pvacrai Tf, 

[^Zo-.] ; (sic [Ln.]) 

- OTL [Ln.] ; (ort Ka\ pvaerai 

Ln. mg.) 
. OTrXoTT/rt X oytor/^rt Ln. Tf. 
[Alx.] 

■ Qeov 1°, prcp/n. roC Ln. Tf. 

[^Zx.] 
. aX\' [Ln] 

- n a, om. rj Alx. 

■ T) Kal fTTiyivcixrKfTe., Alx. s. 

om. Ka\. 

■ Ka\ €U)S, om. Kal Ln. Gb. ^. 

[Alx.] 
. Kvpl.ov,a/l<l.[f]p(ov] Tj-n. [Alx.] 

■ ^irja-ov, mid. Xpiarov Alx. 



li. irpbs vpds iXO^lv npoTepov 
! X nporepov npos vp.. iX6. 
Ln. [Alx.] ; Trpor. iX6. npos 
vpds Tf. [Alx.] 

— fX^T'f X o-xvjf Tf.^ 

16. SteX^eti/ X direXdelv Ln. txt. 

[Gb. c^a. Alx. 
!>]. l3ovXev6p.evos X ^ovX6p.evos 

Sch. Ln. [Gb. ~]. 

18. iyevcTO X icmv Sch. Ln. Tf, 

[Gb. e^]. 

19. 6 yap TOV Qeov X o tov 6eov 

yap Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— 'It^ctovs XpiCTTos X Xp. 'l?/(r. 

Tf. 

20. Kal iv avT(o X 5io Kai St' av- 

Tov Ln. [Gb. ~]. Alx. 
22. 6 Krti, o/re. o ^Za:. 

— dppa^oova X dpa^oava Ln. 

Chap. II. 

1. iX6(Xv iv XvTTT] TTpos vpds X 

eV Xuttt; Trpoy upa? iXOelv 
Gb. Sch. Ln. ; cv Xvnr] eXd. 
npbs vp.. Tf. 

2. eVrtz/, ow. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -*]. 

3. vp7v^ om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =?]. 

— XvTTTjv^ add. €7ri Xvnrjv Alx. 

— e'xQ) X o-xw Tf. 

5. aXX' X uXXci Ln. Tf. 
10. Kal eyd) X 'fnyco Ln.Tf. 

— e't rt KcxapLap-ai, co k^x^P*-- 

a-p-at X o Kf;(. el' n Kf;(. Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 

16. ddvaTov, prcem. (K Ln. Tf. 

[.Ux.] 

— C^rjs., prcem,. ck Ln. Tf. 

17. TToXXot X XotTTOt Gb.~. [Alx.] 

— /carfvcoTTtoi/ X KarevavTi Ln. 

[Gb. r-^J. ^te. 

— TOV 0fo{}, OTO. row Ln. [Gb. 

^]. Alx. 

CG I 



Chap. III. 

I. avvLO-Tdveiv X avvca-Tdv Ln. 

— et X ^ Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. [Rec. 

Gb. ^]. 

— CO?, add. [TTfp] Ln. 

— crvoTTaTiKcov^ om. Ln.Tf. [Gb. 

-]. Alx. 
3. dXXci X dXX' Ln. Tf. 

— Kapdlas X Kapdiais Ln. 

5. d(^' kavTcov Xoyiaaadai ti X 

Xoyt^eadai tl d(fi iavTa>u 
Ln. [/iZa:-.] ; Xoylaaadai ri 
d(^' eavr. Tf, 

— eavTcov 2° X avTcJv Ln. Tf. 

6. dnoKTeivec X drroKTaiveL Ln. ; 

aTTOKTevvei Tf. ; dTroKTe^el 
[Gb. c^], 

7. ypap-p-aaiv X ypdp.p.aTi Ln, 

txt. Tf. [^Za:.] 

— eV Xidois, om. iv Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

=J]. ^Zx. 
9. 77 diaKovia Xttj diaKovia Ln. 
txt. [^Za:.] 

— fid^a, rtaVZ. eVrti/ Alx. 

— iv bo^T], om. iv Ln. Tf. 

xo. ovbi X ov Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
[Eec. Gb. cv]. 1 

— ev€K€v X e'iveKev Ln. txt. Tf, f 

13. eauroG X avTov Ln. Tf. 

14. arjpepov, add. t) pi pas Sch, | 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. '^■]. ' 

tg. nvLKa, add. av Ln. [^Zo.-.] * 

— avayivcoa-KeTaL X avayivoo- } 

(TKr]Tai Ln. [Alx.] \ 

i). iKel, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =t]. Alx. t 

Chap. IV. I 

1 . iKKaKovpev X iyKaKovp.(v Ln . * 

Tf. [Alx.] 1 

2. dXX' X dXXd Ln. Tf. * 

— o-vvio-TO)VT€s X o-uj'iOTdi/rer 

Ln. Tf. [Alx.] -. 

4. avydtrat X KaTavydaai Ln. 
mg. ; [./4Za:. s. 8iavydaai]. 



4. aurotff, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
$. XpicTTOv ^Irjcrovv X 'Itjctovv 
XpiaTov Ln. 

— dia 'irjorovv X Sict 'It^o-ov Ln. 

mg. 
6. Xd/x\^ai X y^afiyjrei Ln. txt. 
Ute.] 

— oy, om. ^to. 

— Tou Qeov X avrou Ln. [Gb. 

f«]. Alx. 

— 'Ij^ctov, offi. Ln. Tf. lAlx."! 

[o. Kvplov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— crco/xari, od<^. i7/>t(i)i' ^to. 
[2, /xei/, 07«. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

[4. dia 'Ir/aov X (^yv ^hjcrov Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. cv]. Alx. 
iKKaKovfievX eyKaKOVfiev Ln. 

Tf [Alx.] 
ecroodev X ^Vo) j^/icoi/ Ln. 

[^Za:.] 
TrapavTiKa, add. rrpoa-Kaipov 

Koi Alx. 



16, 



Chap. V. 
I. olKobop.T)v, add. on, Alx. 
$. ye X nep Ln. lAlx.] 

— ev8vcrdp.€voi X iK^vcrdixevoi 

Gb. ~. [^z.T.3 
4. aKTjvei, add. tovtco Alx. 

— ineidr) X €0' « Elz. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
i. Koi, om. Ln. Tf [Gb. :5]. Alx. 
6. Kvpiov X Oeov Alx. 
8. 6e Gb. - ; ovi/ ^Zor. 
10. Sta X tSia Ln. mg. 

— KaKov X (pavXov Tf. [Gb. ~]. 

13. yap, om. Ln. [Gb. ^]. Alx. 

— fjpcov X v/xcoi' Ln. mg. 

— ou X f"7 f'l' Ln. [Alx.] 

14. Xpiarov X ^fov .4te. 

— €t, o/n. Ln. [Gb. -^3. Alx. 

16. 5e, a??i. Ln. [Alx.] 

— yLva)aKop.€v, add. Kara crdp- 

Ka Alx. 

17. TO. Trdvra, om. Ln. [Gb. -^]. 

Alx. 

18. 'It^ctoO, oto. Ln. Tf. [Gb. zi]. 

Alx. 

19. T]p.lv, add. Tov evayyeXiov 

Alx. 

20. vTrep Xpiarov ovv X ov vnep 

Xp. Alx. 

— KaTuXkdyr)T€ X KaraXXayrj- 

vat Alx. 
31. yap^ om. Ln. Tf [Gb. ->]. Alx. 

— yivcopeOa X yevaneda Ln. Tf 

[Alx.] 



CORINTHIANS 

Chap. VI. 

1. 7rapaKaXovp.ep X napaKa- 
XovvT€s Alx. 

3. diaKOvla, add. r^pLWu Alx. 

4. crvvi(JTa>VTes X (rwicrravres' 

Ln. Tf [Alx.] 
9. 7raidev6p.€voi X netpa^ofiei^L 
Alx. 

14. Tts- 5e X ^ Tts Ln. Tf [Gb. «^]. 

Alx. 

15. Xpto-TG) X Xpicrrov Ln. Tf 

— BeXi'ap' X BeXi'aX Elz. Ln. 

16. vp.e'is X ^p^^s Ln. txt. [^Za;.] 

— iare X icrp.€V Ln. txt. [^Za;.] 

— /xot X l^f^'^J I'll. 

— Kada>s elirev X Xeyei yap 

JZa:. 

17. eieXOere X e^eXdare Ln.Tf 

^Za7. 

Chap. YII. 

3. ou Trpos Kardicptaiv X Trpo? 

Kurdicp. ov Ln. 
^. eaxrjKev X eV^fV Ln. txt. 
8. yap [Ln.] 

10. Karepyd^cTat. X ipyd^erai Ln. 

[^Za?.] 

11. v/ias-, o?re. Ln. [Gb. -»]. ^Zo;. 

— L'/iti', prcem. [eV] Ln. [^Za:.] 

— aXX' X aXXd Ln. Tf. 

— tV, ojw. Tf. [Ln.] Gb. -. [Alx.] 

12. elveKev fer X eveKcv Ln. 

— v/xojy [/4Za:.] X '7/^'-wi' Elz. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. mg. 

— r)pa)U [Alx.] X vp-S>v Elz. Gb. 

Sch. 

13. eVt, «(?(?. Se Ln. Tf. [^Za:.] 

— vpa>v X 57fi<Mi/ Ln. Tf. 

— de, om. Ln. Tf [Alx.] 

14. TTOira eV dXijOeiq. iXaXrjaa- 

fieu vplv X Trai/rore vp.. iv 
aXr]6. eXaX. Ln. mg. 

— rjpcov X tipo)!/ Ln. Tf. 

— eVi X Trpos Alx. 

16. ;^aipa), ocZtZ. o5i/ Elz. 

Chap. VIII. 

2. Tou nXovTov X TO TrXouroj 

Ln. Tf. 

3. VTTfp X Trapd Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

4. de^aadai rjpds, om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
8. vp.€T€pas X T]peT€pas Elz. 

12. rt?, om. Ln. Tf [Gb.=^]. [^Za;.] 

13. de, om. Ln. 

16. fitSoi/ri X So'z/rt Sch. [Gb. ~]. 
19. avv X f*^ I^n- Tf [Gb. <v]. 
Alx. 

67 



19. avTov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb, ->]. 
^Za:. 

— vjuwr X f]H-a>v Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf [Rec. Gb. ~]. 
21. 7rpovoovp.€voL X npovoovpev 

Sch. Ln. [Gb. ~] ; add. yap 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
24. ivdei^aaOe X iv8€iKvvp.€V0i 

Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— Ka\y om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

Chap. IX. 

3. e^, o??z. Ln. [JZx.] 

4. Xeycop-ev X Xeyco JZar. 

— r^y fcaux^aeo)?, 07». Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

5. els X T^pos Ln. [Alx.] 

— TrpoKarriyyeXpevTjv X npoeir- 

■qyyeXp.evrjv Ln. Tf [Gb. (^]. 
Alx. 

— coanep X its Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

6. eV evXoyiais 1° X ^'i' evXo- 

yta .(4Za?. 
5. Trpoaipelrai J Trpo^p-qrac Ln. 

[^Za;.] 
8. ^vvaros X St'^'aTei Ln. 

10. cnvepp.a X o-uopov Ln. [^Za:.] 

— x^PVyW'^'' '^"'' TrXrjQvvai . . 

av^r]o-at. X X^PVyW^h '^^t^ 
TrX-qdvvel . . . av^T]crei Gb, 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— yevvripLara X yeinjfxaTa Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf 

11. J7/x<ay X I'ftwi' ^Zar. 

— TO) [Ln.] 

li. Se, o??i. Ln. Tf [Gb. =J]. ^Za;. 

Chap. X^ 

I, TTpaoTrjTos X Trpavrrjros Ln. 

Tf. 
5. Xpicrrou, a^ZfZ. ayovres Alx. 

7. XptcrroO 1°, add. bovXos Alx. 

— XpiijTOv 3°, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf 

8. re [Ln.] ; om. Alx. 

— KOI, wre. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— rjpav, om. Alx. 

— Tjplv, om. Ln. Tf. Alx. 

9. 86^co X do^copev Alx. 

10. yLtei* €7rtOToXat X eTnarr. p.ep 
Ln. 

— (j^T/o-i X <pci(Tiv Ln. 

— e^ovdevrjpevos X e^ov8evrjpe- 

vos Ln. 

12. avvLOvcriv X (rvvidaiv Ln. ; 

[^Za?. s. 07?j, ov crvwovo-tv 
Ty/ieiff 6e]. 

13. 5e Gb. =J. 



13. ovxi- X ov.< Ln. Tf. [Ah\] 

— KavxTjcroyLiOa Gb. -». 

14, oil yap (OS X ^? yap L"- 

18, (TvvL(rT(ov X cruj/icrrai/coj/ Ln. 
Tf. [Gb. ~]. Alx. 

- a\X X aWa Ln. Tf. 



Chap. XL 

b(fie\ov X cc)cf)e\ov Alx. 
dvetx^ade X rjvelx^aOe Elz. 
r^ d<ppoarvvT] X Tt a.(ppoav- 

VT]s Ln. Tf. [^ite.] ; ri r^s 

a(^p. Elz. [Gb. ~]. 
'Evav e^rjTrdTrjcrev X e^^iraT. 

Evav Ln. Tf. 

ourco, om. Ln. [Gb. -^]. ^Za\ 
aTrXorr/ros', ocZtL kol r^s d- 

yuoTTjTOS Ln. [Jte.] 
TjveLX^ade X wAx^"'^^ Ln. ; 

ai/ei'xf o-^f Gb. Sch. Tf. [Kec. 

Gb. ~]. 
'It/ctoOi/ X Xpicrroi/ ^Z;p. 
•yap X 5e Ln. 

vaT€pr]Kevai, add. eu vfuvAlx. 
(pavepoideures X (pavepaxrav- 

Tes Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
iv TTCicnv., om. Alx. 
ovbevos X ovdevos Ln. Tf. 
vfxiv ejxavTou X ip-avrbv vjxlu 

Ln. 
crcfypayicreTai X (})payr](TeTat 

Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
Bavixaarov X Oavjxa Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. '^l. vi/j?. 
fiiKpou TL Kayo) X Kaycb /it- 

/cpoi/ Tt Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
XaXo) Kara Kvptov X Kara 

Kvp. XaXat Ln. Tf. [^Zo;.] 
rrju adpKu, om. ttjv Alx. 
vfxds €t? Trpo'crcoTTOi/ )( ct? 

7rp6(T037rov vpds Ln. Tf. 
r]adepr]aap.€v X rjcrOevrjKafiev 

Ln. 



GALATIANS. 

23. €U TrX-qyais VTTepjSaWovTcos, 

post eV <pv\. TTfptaa. Ln. 
25. ippafib'LdOrjv X €paf3bia6r}v 
Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

27. eV /coTTO), o??i. eV Ln. Tf. Alx. 

[Gb.^-]. 

28. eTTiavaracnsXeTriaTaaLs l-n. 

lAlx.] 

— p.ov X p-oi Ln. [JZa;.] 

jr. Kvpiov rjficov 'irjcrov Xpt- 
crrou X Kvpiov 'irjcrov Ln. 
Tf. [^Zo:.] 

32. ^afxaijKqvwv noKiv X ttoX. 
Aap.aaK, Ln. 

— 6eXcop, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -]. 

^Za?. 

Chap. XIL 

1. Si) X Sei Sch. Ln. 

— aviJL(p€p€L fxoL • (Xeva-ojiai, 

yap \ avp-cpepov juej/, eXev- 
aop.aL de, Kal Ln. [Alx.] 

2. roD a(op.aTOs, om. tov Ln. 

3. €Kt6s X X'^p''^ •''^"' '^'^- I^-^^-^-] 

— ou/f oiSa, o??i. Ln. 

5. /iou, o??i. Ln. [Alx] 

6. rt, om. Ln. [Alx.] 

7. ti'o, prcem. 8l6 Ln. [JZx.] 

— Sarai/ X 'Saravd Ln. 

— ii/a ^^ VTrepaLpcdfxai [Ln.] 

Gb. ->•; o)?i. Alx. 

8. VTrep, pram. [Kal] Ln. 

9. /xov, o?w. Ln.Tf. [Gb. -»]. ^Za;. 

— TcXeiourai X TiX^irai Ln.Tf. 

[Alx.] 

11. Kavxoop-euos, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

12. €V arjixetois, om. iv Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 

13. TjTTTjdrjTe X TjaacoOrire Ln. ; 

[^Z^. s. eXarrco^jjrf]. 

14. TpiTov, add. TOVTO Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 



14. vfiav 1°, owi. Ln. Tf. ; [Alx. s. 

vpds]. 

— aXX' X "XXd Ln. Tf. 

15. Kat, om. Ln. [Alx.] 

— fjTTOV X f)(raov Ln. 

16. aXX' X dXXd Ln. Tf. 

19. naXti/ X ndXat Ln. Tf. [^iZa;.] 

— KaTevcoTTLov X KarevavTi Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. H. ^Za;. 

— TOV, om. Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

20. epeis, ^TjXot X epif , t^Xoy Ln. 

Tf. [^Za-.] 

21. eXdoura /xe X iXdoPTOs jiov 

Ln. Tf. [^Zx.] 

— Taireivooa-T] X Taneiucoaei. Ln. 

(txt.) Tf. ; o(Z(Z. /Lte Sch. 

Chap. XIII. 

1. Tp'iTOv, pi'cem. I'Sou Alx. 

2. TrpoeLprjKaj add. yap Alx. 

— ypdcfxD, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

4. ft [Ln.] ; om. Alx. 

— rjiJ-els, prcem. Koi Elz. 

— ev X avv Ln. mg. [.dlZa;.] 

— ^T]a6ixe6a X Charopiev Ln. Tf. 

[^Za:.] 

5. 'It/o-ous Xpia-Tos X Xpi. 'liyo". 

Tf. Ln. mg. 

— eoTtz/, om. Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 

7. evxcp-ai X evxdp-eda Ln. 'JT. 

[Gb. «^]. JZx. 

8. aXX' X dXXd Tf. 

9. rovro Se, ojn. di Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

-*]. Alx. 
10. edcoKe poi 6 Kvpios X o Ki'p. 
€§. p.ot Ln. 

12. dyt'cp (pLXrjiJLaTi X (piX^ixarc 

dyi'o) Ln. mg. [^Za;.] 

13. ap/jv. npo? KoptvBiovs Seu- 

repa eypdcprj dno ^tXLTnrcov 
rrjs MaKedovias, dm Titov 
Kal AouKa, oin. Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 



Chap. L 

4. vnep X Trepl Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
, — TOV ivecTTWTos aloivos X tov 

aloivos TOV fvearcoTOi Ln. 
6. XpifTTOv Gb. •. 
8. (vayyeXi^qrai X (vayycXl- 

(TTjTaL Ln. mg. 
JO. y<tp, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. "-:]. /IZj.-. 



GALATIANS. 

11. Se X 7«P Tf. [Gb. r^]. Alx. 

12. ovT€ X OLiSe Ln. [//Zx.] 

15. d Geo?, om. Tf. [Ln.] Gb. -4. 

[Alx.] 
IT. dvT]X6ovX d7r^X^.Ln.Tf.[,'fZ.)'.] 
- dXX' X aXXd Ln. Tf. 
18. UfTpov X K770di/ Sell. Ln.Tf. 

[Gb. -]. 

C8 



Chap. II. 

I. ndXtv duel3r]u\ [due^rjv] mi- 

Xlu Alx. 
4. KaraSouXcoo'coi/rat X Kara- 

dovXbirrova-tu Sch. Ln. Tf. 
i. otf ovde Gb. :^. 
— ^LapciVT] X diafievT] Ln. mg. 
6. Oedf, prcem. 6 Alx. 




' '' 



8. Koi e'/AOi X Ka/ioi Ln. Tf. 

9. 'laKco^os Koi Krj(pds X He- 

rpos Kot ^IciKcoldos Gb. ~. 
iAlx.J 

— ^jMeiy, atZ(Z. jney Gb. Sch. [Ln.] 

11. ILerpoi X ^r}(f)as Sch.Ln.Tf. 

[Gb. c^]. 

12. rfkOov X rjXdev Ln. [Alx.'] 

14. IleVpa) X Kj^^a Sch. Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. '^^3- ^ , ' 

— Cv^ '^"^'- ^^'^ 'lov8a'iKa)S X fai 

ou^Y 'louS. f^? Ln. [Alx.} ; 
[ovX Tf.] 

— TL X TToJs Gb. Sch. Ln. 

16. eldores, add. de Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

— Xpicrrov 'irjaovv X *l^crovv 

XpicTTov Ln. mg. 

— Xpiarov, om. Tf. 

— Stori X OTt Ln. Gb. i^. Alx. 
-" ov diKai<cOrj(T€Tai e^ epyotv 

Ofxov X ^^ epycov vopov ov 
diKaiadrjo-erai Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

18. avvLO-Trjpi X crvvLaTCLvco Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
20. vlov Tov Qeov X ^^ov kol 
Xpiarov Ln. [Alx.] 

^ Chap. III. 

I. Tjj aXtjOeia prj Trei&ecrdai ; 
om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— iv vplv, om. Ln. [Gb. =?]. 

Alx. 

ddiv vlo\ X viol clcriv Ln. 
txt. 
8. ivevXoyr]dr](TOVTai X evXoyrj- 
dr]<TOVTai Elz. 

10. yap, acZc/. ort Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

11. TO) 0e(5, oni. ro) Alx. 

12. avdpcoTTOs, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

13. yeypanrai yap X on yeypa- 

TTTCU Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^te. 

14. eirayyeXiau X evXoyiav Alx. 
16. Se, owi. ^te. 

— ippr]6r](Tav X epp^drjcrav Ln. 

Tf [^?a:.] 

l).TTpOKeKVp(£)pivr]V X K€KVp(0- 

pevrjv Alx. 

— e6s XptcTTOV, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

— ctt; TerpaKocna Koi rpid- 

KovTa X rerpaK. Koi rpiaK. 
err) Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

19. TTpoareTeBr] )( eVe^/; Gb. Sch. 

[Rec, Gb. =^^]. 



GALA T IAN S. 

31. rod Qeov [Ln.] 
-- av eK vopov X ^K vopov av 
Ln. Tf. [Alx.l 

22. VTTO X ^<^' Ln. 

23. <TvyK€KXeiapevoi X (Tuy/cXci- 

opevoL Sch. Ln. 

29. Kal, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ->]. Alx. 

Chap. IV. 

6. utot, «(?(?. ^6o{} Alx. 

— vp&iv X jjfitoi' Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 

[Rec. Gb. ^-v]. 
<]. aXV X aXXa Ln. Tf. 

— Qeov dia Xpicrrov X ^i-ci 

6eov Ln. Tf. [Gb. 3] ; ^te. s. 
dia deou. 
8. prj (fivaei X 4*vaei prj Sch. 
Ln. Tf. [Gb. cv]. Alx. 

13. Se, om. ^te. 

14. pov rov X v/iwy Ln. [Gb. £^]. 

Alx. ; OTO. pov Gb. <^. 

— aXX' X aX\a Ln. Tf. 

15. ris X TToC Ln. [JZ^.] 

— Tjv, om. Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =5]. 

— ay, om. Ln.Tf.; [Alx. s. Kcii]. 

16. ^T/XoCre, f«?rf. ^rfXovre di ra 

Kpeirrco x'^plo-pt^TU Alx. 

17. vpas X 17/^5? Elz. 

18. ro, om. Ln. [^?a;.] 

19. r€Kvia X re'fci/a Ln. txt. 

21. cLKovere X fxi'ayit'axj/cere Ln. 
mg. [Alx.] 

23. /x€z/ [Ln.] 

— bta rrjs X ^t' -^Ix. 

24. at, o???. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
35. ynp X S^ Ln. mg. [.4te.] 

— "Ayap, om. Ln. txt. [Gb. -^]. 

— Se X yap Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ava-roLxe'L de X V o-vcrroi,- 

Xovaa Alx. 
26. ndvrcov, om. Gb, Sch. Tf. 

[Ln,] 
28. 'Hpels X vpeh Ln. Tf [Alx.1 

— icrpev \ eVre Ln. Tf [Alx.] 

30. KXrjpopoprjar] X i<Xr)povopr}- 

cret Ln. txt. 

— T779 iXevdepas X f^ou 'icracK 

3i.''Apa X 816 Ln. Tf. [Gb. =t]. 
.4Za;. s. T^petJ Se s. cipa ovv. 

Chap. V. ^ 

X. T^^ X ^ (o™- "^<''^ ^^ Gb. ~. 

— ovv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

— 7;, cm. Ln. [Gb. =1]. Alx. 



I. Xpiaros rjpas X Jy/^tay Xpt- 
aros Gb. Ln. Tf 

— crrrjKere.^ add. ovv Sch. Ln. 

[Gb. -]. 

3. TTciXiv, om. Alx. 

4. rov Xpicrrov, om. rov Ln. 

[Gb. =t]. ^Za:. 
>]. dveKoyp-e X eveKo-^ev Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

10. eyo), add. [Se] Ln. [^Za;.] 

11. en, o??i. ^Za?. 

— (rraupou, add. rov Xpicrrov 

Alx. 

13. Sta rrjs dydmjs X ttj dydnr] 

rov TTvevparos Alx. 

14. vopos, add. iv vplv Alx. 

— TrXrjpovrai X TreTrXTjpoyrai 

Ln.Tf. [Alx.] 

— ev T«, om. ^Za:. 

— iavrov \ creavrov Gb. Sch, 

Ln. 

I^. VTTO X ^71"' Ln. 
i^.be X yap Ln. [Alx.l 

— dvriKeirai dXXr)Xois X dXXrj- 

Xois dvrUeirai Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

— dv X [edv] Ln. 

19. poix^ia, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

20. ep€is, Cv^oi X fpt?! C^Xoff 

Ln. Tf. 

21. (jiovoi, om. Tf. [Ln.] Alx. 

— KOL [Ln.] ; om. Alx. 

— npoe^TTOv X TTpoe'ip-qKa Alx. 

23. irpaorrjs X npavrrjs Ln. Tf. 

— iyKpdreia, add. ay vela Alx. 

24. Xpicrrov, add. 'irjaov [Ln.] 

Tf [Alx.} 
26. aXXj^Xois X dXXrjXovs Ln. 
txt. 

Chap. VI. 

1. TrpcxorrjTos X Trpavrrjros Tf. 

2. dvairXripcocrare X dvaTrXrjpdi- 

aere Ln. txt. [^Za;.] 

3. eavTov cjypevaTrara X (fipeva- 

Trara iavrov Ln. Tf. 

7. e'ai' X dv Ln. 

8. o-ap/cof, acZrf. avrov Alx. 

9. eKKUKcopev X eyicaKaipev Ln, 

Tf [^Za:.] 

12. p,)), fmZe Stco/c. Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 

— 8id>Koovrai X dionKOvrai Ln. 

mg. Tf. ^ 

13. Tvepirepvopevoi X rrepirerp- 

rjpevoi Sch. Ln. txt. [Gb. 
-]. 

— OeXovcriv X fiovXovrai Alx. 



14. Kavxaa-Bat X Kavxr)(racrdai 

Ln. mg. 
— TO) KocrixcOf om. ra Ln. [Gb. 

:^]. Ala;. ' 
ij. eu yap Xptcrro) 'It/ctov ourc 



EP HESI ANS. 

X ovre yap Tf. [Gb. ~]. Alx, 
[J. lax^^t X fCTTii' Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. [Rec. Gb. ~]. 
1 6. a'ToixrjO'ovcnv X (ttoixovctiv 

Ln. mg. [Gb. ~]. Alx. 



1 6. GeoO X Kvpiov Alx. 

I?. Kupiou, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. - 

Alx. 
Upbs TaXdras typacpr) dire 

'Pco/ij;?, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tt 



Chap. I. 

I. 'Ij;(rou Xpiarov X Xptorov 
'I7;o-o0 Ln. txt. Tf. 

— eV 'E^eVo) [Tf.] 
3. ej/, owi. St. 

6. 61/ f) X ^y Ln. [Gb. c^^]. Alx. 

— r)ya7rr][j,evco, add. via avTov 

Alx. 

7. Tov Trkovrov X to ttXovtos 

Ln. Tf. 

10. re, OTO. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ev Tois ovpavoLS X ^t^i- "^oi^^ 

ovpavols Ln. txt. lAlx."] 

11. €KkT]pd>dr]ix€V X eKXrjOrjfxev 

Ln. [Gb. ~]. JZa:. 

— npodeaiv, add. tov 6eov Alx. 
13. r^? Sd^T^s, o?». t;)? Sch. Ln. 

Tf [Gb. =t]. 

— avTou, om. Alx. 

13. Kal 2°, om. Alx. 

14. 69 X o Ln. lAlx.l 

15. rj)i/ dyd7rr]v, om. Ln. [^Za?.] 

16. vjxuiV, om, Ln. [^te.] 

18. Stai'otas' X K^OLpblas Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

— Ka\ Tif, om. Kai Ln. iAlx.] 
^[Gb.zj].^ 

19. 17/xas' X t'/xaf ^Za?. 

30. evrjpyrjcrev X evrjpyrjKfv Ln. 

— i<ddLa-€ulKadi(ras'Lu. [Alx.} 

— eTTOvpavioLS X ovpavols Ln. 

txt. 
33. ndvra, prcem. to. Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

Chap. II. 

I. dpaprlaiS', add. vpoiv Ln. 
[.4te.] 

3. T€Kua cjivaei X fpvcreL reKva 

Ln. [/<te.] 

4. auTOu, ow. y4te. 

J. avu€^(oo7roLr}(T€^ culd. [ej/J Ln. 

— XdpLTi, prmm. s. ov s. ov rfj 

Alx. 
1. t6u VTTipfidWovTa ttXovtov 
X TO VTrepfidWou Tr'kovTos 
Ln. Tf [Alx.] 



EPHESIANS 

8. xdptTi iarre \ avTOv X^^P'Tt 

icrp.ev Alx. 
~ Trjs TTtOTCcos', om. Ti]S Ln. 

[Gb. -]. Alx. 

11. vpeTs 7roT€ X TTore VjueTs Ln. 

Tf. 

12. iv TO) Katpa, om. iv Ln. Tf 

[Gb! 15]. Alx. 

13. eyyus cyevrjdrjre \ iyev. iy 

yvs Ln. 
15. eauro) X awro) Ln. 
17. rots' iyyvs, prcem. flprjvrjv 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. cv]. Alx. 

19. dWd X "^^' eVre Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. Alx. 

20. aKpoyoiviaiov^ add.XidovAlx. 

— ^lT]crov Xpiarov X Xpicrrov 

'Irjcrov Ln. Tf 

21. ^, OCT. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =?]. ^?a;. 

Chap. III. 

3. on [Ln.] 

— iyvcopiae X iyvcoptcrdri Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

5. eV ire pais, om. iv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

6. avTov,om. Ln.Tf. [Gb.-»]. Alx. 

— iv ro3 Xpiarw X fV Xp. 'I77- 

o-ou Ln. Tf. ' 

7. iyevoprfv \ cyevrjdrjv Ln. Tf. 

— rj)i/ dodelcrdv X ttjs- do6eia-r]i 

Gb. Ln. JZa;. [Rec. Gb. cv], 

8. TOiv dyia>v, om. t(ov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. ; dyloov Gb. -*. 

— eV, om. Ln. 

— TOV . . . ttXcvtov X to . . 

ttXovtos Ln. Tf [Alx.] 

9. Trdi/ra? [Ln.] 

— KOLvcovia X olKovofxia Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 

— 5ia 'It^o-ou XpiCTTOv, om. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

11. Xpicrro), proem. tS Ln. 

12. ri7i/ Trpoa-ayayrjv, om.Trjv Ln. 

13. eKKUKflv X iyKaKilv Ln. Tf 

— 8d^a vpSiV X fid^a TjpoiV Alx. 

14. roi") Kupi'ou rjpojv 'l»;rroi) 

70 



Xpicrrov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
=;]. ^te. 

16. dcorj X 5w Ln. [Jte.] 

— TOV ttKovtov X TO ttXovtos 

Ln. Tf. [^te.] 
18. ^ddos Ka\ vyjros X v\//-os Ka\ 
^dOos Ln. [^te.] 

20. VTrep, om. ./4te. 

21. eKKXijaia, add. Ka\ Ln. [^/x.] 
-" TOV aloovos Gb. ->. 

Chap. IY. 

2. TrpaoTTiTos X TrpavrrjTOS Tf. 

6. vp.It', om. Ln. Tf. [.^Zx.] ; (j^ftiv 

Sch. Gb. ^). 

7. j) X"P'^» ''"*• '7 L'^- 5 f^^^- '• 

rj x<^P''^ avTT]]. 

8. jixpakcoTevaev X alxp-aXoi- 

T€vaas Gb. ~. 

— Kal edaxe, om. Ka\ Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =J]. Alx. 

9. Trpcoroi/, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ;xep?7, 07n. Tf. [Gb. ::J]. ^?x. 
01 Travrey, om. 01 -4Zx. 

6 Xpia-Tos, om. 6 Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -]. ^te. 

pepovs X piXovs Gb.~. [^Za;.] 
XotTTCt, om. Ln. [Gb. =J]. ^Za;. 
idKOTicrpevoi X ia-KOTCipevoi 

Ln. 
di/ai/eoOor^at X dvai/eoOacf 

Ln. mg. 
fie [Ln.] 
evdvaraaOai X ivbvaraadi Ln. 

mg. 
r^f dXrjdeias X *<«* dXrjdeia 

Alx. 

Tco Tvapopyia-pw, om. r&) Ln. 
pjrf X /^'?5e Sch. Ln. Tf. 
TO dyaOov tois x^P^'-^X'f'o^'^^ 

l^iais X'^P^^^v "f^^ dyaOov Ln. 

[Alx.] 

dXX' X dWa Ln. txt. 
Xpeias X 7TiaT€a>s Gb. ~. 

[ylZa;.] 

fif, om. Ln. 
vplvj rjplv Ln. [Gb. ~.] [/1/x.] 



Chap. V. 

-^juas X ^H-o.s Tf. 
- f)H(bv X v^av Tf. 
'3. ndaa aKadapaia X aKadap. 
'"■ Tiacra Ln. Tf. 

4. KOL X ') Ln. 

— Kai X ^ Ln. 

— TO. ovK dvfjKovra X « oi"^ 

durJK€V Ln. [^Za:.] 

5. eVre X lore Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— OS X Ln. [Alx.] 

9. TTvevpaTos X (pooTos Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
10. Kvplw X ^f6) -<4Zar. 
i4."Eyeipai X ey^P^ ^^- '^^^• 

Ln. Tf. 
17. crvvuvTesXcrvvUre Ln. [^?a:.] 

— Kvplov X ^€0v Ln. mg. [Alx.} 
19. eavrots-, «f/(Z. [eV] Ln. [Alx.] 

— nvevpariKOLS [Ln.] 

— T§ Kapdia X TaTs Kapbiais 

Ln. [Gb. ~]. ^?a;. 
SI. GeoG X XptCT-ToC Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

22. VTrordcrcreade, om. Tf. [Gb. 

=5] ; vnoTaa-aeaOcocrav Ln. 

23. 6 dv77p, om. 6 Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 
K_ — Km avTos ecTTt, om. kol Gb. 
B Sch. Ln. Tf ; om. icTTL Ln. 
^'' Tf. [Gb. =J]. ^?a:. 

24. aXA' X aXXa Ln. txt. 

— axTTrep X ^f Ln. Tf. 

— iSi'oiy, o??i. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -]. 



PHILIPPI ANS. 

25. eavrav, om. Ln. Tf. JZa?. 

27. avTTjv X auros' Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

28. ocfxiXovaiv ol avdpes X '^O' 

ot a'j/Sp. 6<peiK. Ln.Tf. [Alx.] 

29. (iXX' X aXXa Ln. Tf. 

— Kvpios X XpiCTTOs Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

30. eK TTJs aapKos avTov., kol €K 

Tcov ocrrecov avTov, om. Lu. 
Tf. [Gb. -]. Alx. 

31. Tov Trarepa aurov Koi ttjv 

fxrjTepa X Trarepa Koi pt]- 
T€pa Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 

— npos TTJV yvvoLKa \ tyj yv- 

vaiKi Ln. [Alx.] 

32. els Trjv^ [ds] Ln. 

Chap. VI. 

r. iu Kupio), om, Ln. [Gb. -*]. 
Alx. 

4. aXX' X aXXa Ln. Tf. 

5. Kvpiois Kara crdpKa X Kara 

adpKa Kvpiois Ln. 

— XpLara X Kvpico Alx. 

6. TOV XpioToO, o/?i. TOV Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =5]. Alx. 

7. SovXevovres-, acZd. ws Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

8. 6 edv Ti efcacTTOs X ^'Kaa-Tos 

6 idv Ln. txt. [Gb. ~]. Alx.; 
eKacTTOS idv ti Ln. mg. 

— Kopulxai X KopiaeTtti Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] 



9. rou Kupi'ov, o»t. tot) Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

— Vpcbv aVTWV X OVTOiV Koi 

vpcbv Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. Alx. 

— Trap' avTco X napd, (t(5) ^eaJ 

10. TO Xnmov X rov XoittoC Ln. 

— dbeXcpol pov, om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ->]. ^te. 

11. Trpos X ft? ^?.^. 

12. rjplv X vpty Ln. txt. [Alx.] 

— TOV ala>vos, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

16. eVi X iv Ln. txt. 

— Ta Trenvpcopeva, om. to. Ln. 

[Alx.] 

17. de^aade Gb. -» ; [o?)i. Alx.s. 

de^aadat]. 

18. rovTO, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

Alx. 

— dypvnvovvTes, add. TrdvTOTe 

Alx. 

— npocTKapTeprjaeL Koi, om. Alx. 
~ nepl X VTrep Alx. 

19. dodeij] X dodfj Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— TOV evayyeXlov [Ln.] 

21. eldriTe Kal vpels X Xf^i- vpels 
eldrjTe Ln. [Alx.] ; ['idrjTe Ln. 
mg.] 

— vplv yva>p[(rei X yvcop. vp. 

Ln. [Alx.] 
24. djUT^i'. 'n.p6s''Ecf>€crL0vs eypd 
(prj diTO 'P(apT]s did Tv^i-- 
Kov. om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



PHILIPPIANS 



Chap. I. 

I. 'Ij/CTOU UplCTTOV X 'S.piCTTOV 

'It/q-ov Ln. txt. Tf. 
S.prcem. eyo) peu Alx. 

— Qem pov X Kvptco rjpcou Alx. 

5. OTTO, add. Trjs Ln. 

6. 'It/o-oO Xpicrroi) X ^pLcrTov 

'iTycroC Ln. txt. Tf. 
>j. TTj diTokoyia., prmm. iv Sch. 

[Ln] Tf [Gb. ^]. 
8. pov X poi Alx. 
~ iariv, om. Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. ->]. 

Alx. 

- ^Irjuov XpiaTOv X XptcrTov 

'Irja-ov Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



9. Trepi-acTevr} XnepLcrcrevcrr) Ln. 

txt. 
II. KapjTcov 8iKaiO(rvvr]s tg)v X 

KapTTOV biKaioa-vvqs tov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. ; {tov [Ln.]) 

13. €1/ Xptcrr<5 yeveaOai X 7^^* 

eV Xp. Alx. 

14. Xoyoz/, ficZtZ. row Oeov Ln. 

[^Za;.] 

16, 17. e| epiOelas .... Ketpat 
X f'l dyaTTTj's .... Kelpai- 
ol de e| ipiOelas . . . roTs 
deapols pov Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

16. roi/ [Ln.] 

71 



16. e7ri,(f)€peLV X eyelpeiv Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. ^?:r. 
18. irXrjv, add. oTi Ln. [JZa;.] 
21. Xpicrros' X XPW^*^^ ^^' ~- 

23. yap X f^e Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— TToXXo), «(?(?. yap Elz. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =]. 

24. iv TTJ aapicl, iv Gb.:3. [Alx.] 
2^. avpTrapapeva X Tcapapevoi 

Ln. [Gb. '^].'aIx. 

27. dKovaco X dfouco Ln. txt. 

28. avrols piv iaTiv X icrrlv av- 

To7s Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- vplv X vpa>v Ln. [Gb. -^l. 

Alx. 



30. iScre X fti'i'eTf Sch. Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. <^] ; pvcem. Koi Alx. 



ClIAP. II. 

TL X TIS Gb. ~. 

Tti/a X TLi Gb. Sch. Ln. [Rec. 

Gb. cv]. 

tv X avTO Alx. 

rj X yLrjhi Kara Ln. Tf. [^Za:.] 
eKaaros i" X ^<acrTOi Ln. Tf. 

UZx.] 



cncoTretre X o-zcoTrouires Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
aXXa Koi, om. Ka\ Alx. 
eKaaros 2° X eKaaroi Gb. 

Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
yap, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. :^l 

Alx. 
(l)pov€ia6cix X <})povf2T€ Ln. 

[Gb. c^]. Alx. 
aXX' X aX^a Ln- txt. Tf. 
opopa^ prmm. to Ln. [Gb. c^]. 

ALv. 
i^ofxoXoyrjarjTai X e^opoXo- 

yrjaerai Ln. mg. Tf. [Alx.] 
6 Geoy, o?«. 6 Ln. Tf [Gb. 

:?]. Alx. 

yevrjade X ^Te Ln. [Alx.] 
apcopr]Ta X cipcopa Ln. [^te.] 
eV ^eVw X p^o'ov Ln. [Gb. 

<^]. ^te. 

'AXX' X aXka Ln. Tf. 
Kvpia X Xpicrra Ln. [^Z.r.] 
roi), ow. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
Xpia-Tov *lr]aov X 'if/foi) 

XpicTTOv Gb. Sch. Ln. 
OTriSco X dcpidco Ln. Tf. [^/.c.] 



COLOSSIANS. 

24. iXevaopai, add. npos vpas 
Alx. 

26. vpas, add. [iSctv] Ln. [Alx.] 

— OTL r]cr6evq(T€ X avTov rjaOe- 

vr)K€vai Alx. 

27. dXX' X aXXa Ln. Tf. 

— avTOV r]\er](r€V X TjXerjaev 

avTOV Ln. Tf. [JZa:.] 

— Xj^tt^t; X XvTTrjv Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf' 

— (jx^ X '^x^ '^^^• 

30. ToO XpiaTOv, om. Tf. [Gb. 
->] ; om. Tov Ln. [^te.] 

— Trapa^ovKevcrdpevosX'n'a.pa- 

^oXevadpevos Gb. Sch. Ln. 
[Rec. Gb. cv]. 

Chap. III. 

3. eea> X Beov Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

4. Ka\, om. Alx. 

5. Beviaplv X Bcviapelv Ln. 

6. C^Xov X C^Xos- Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

7. 'AXX' X [aXXa] Ln, ; om. Alx. 

— rjv pot. X poL rjv Ln. txt. 

8. pevovjrye X p^i' ovv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— Xpicrrou, proim. tov Ln. 

— /iou X '7/^wt' Ln. mg. [Alx.] 

— eivai, om. Ln. [Alx.] 

10. r;)!' KOLVcoviaVf om. ttju Ln. 

— avppop<povp€vos X crvppop- 

(f)Ll6pevos Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 

11. Toi)v X TJ^i' e/c Sch. Ln. Tf. 

12. eXa/3oi/, rtd(Z. s. fj rj^rj SeSt- 

Kaiatpai s. diKaioipai Alx. 



13. Kat Ws, om. ./4?a?. 

— tiTTo TOV XpKTTOv 'itjar^ X 

wo XpiOTOv Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 

13. ov X OVTTO) Ln. mg. [Alx.] 

14. eVi X ft? Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

16. Acaj/oj/t TO avTO (fipovelv, om. 

Gb. Ln. Tf [Alx.] 
31. 6is TO yfj/eaOai avTo, ow. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— €avT& X avTco Ln. Tf. [J?a:.] 

Chap. IV. 

3. E^coSiW X ^vobiav Elz. Gb. 

Sch. Ln Tf. 
3. Ka\ ipcoTOi X I'ai ip. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 
•- (xv^vye yvri(ne\yvr](ne avv- 

(vye Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— Kal KXrjpevTOs, om. Ka\ Alx. 

12. de X Ka\ Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

13. Xpicrrca, om. Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 

15. ovdepUi, add. oti Alx. 

16. cty [Ln.] ; om. Alx. 
1^. aXX' X dXXa Ln. Tf. 

19. nXrjpcoaei X TrXrjpoiaat, Gb. 
~. [^Za;.] 

— TOV TrXovroi/ X to ttXovtos 

Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
23. fipa)V, om. Sch. Ln. Tf [Gb.iJ]. 

— TratToi/ X TOV irvevpaTOS Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.] 

— dprjv, om. Tf. [Ln.] Gb. zt. 

[Alx.] 

Upos ^LXLTrnrjcriovs iypa^rj dnb 
'Fa>pr]s 81 'ETTa^poSirov, 
om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



COLOSSIANS. 



Chap. I. 

i.^Irjaov XpLaTOv X XpiaTov 

^lr]aov Ln. Tf. 
3. KoXao-o-als X KoXocro^ai? Elz. 

Gb. Sch. ; [KoXao-. Gb. f^]. 

— XpLaTOv, add.^Irja. Ln. [Alx.] 

— Ka\ Kvpluv ^Irjaov XpioToO, 

07«. Gb. Sch. Tf [Ln.] 

3. Kcl Trarpt, om. /cat Ln. Tf 

[Gb. -] ; Alx. [s. TO)]. 

— Trepi X VTrep Ln. [Gb. t^]. yf /x. 

4. Trjv X »)*' ^'x^''"* ^'"- ^^- ^^'^' 



6. Kcii eaTL, om. klu Ln. [Gb.=?]. 

Alx. 

— Kap7ro(f)opovp€vov,, add. Kai 

av^avopevov Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf 

7. Kadcos Kal, om. Kal Sch. Ln. 

If [Gb. zi]. 

— vpcou X ^p(ov Elz. Ln. txt. 

[Gb. ~]. Alx, 
10. vpiis, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

— eis TTjv eTTiyucocLV X tj) ern- 

yvcoaei Gb. Sch. Ln. [Rec. 

Gb. H. 
! T2. Trarpi toj, [prmn. tm u(fo 
i * 7^ ' 



Kai y/te.] ; add. KaXeaavTi 

Kal Ln. [Alx.] 
14. fiai ToG atpaTOS avTOv, om. 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 
16. Ta eV, ow. TO. Ln. [Jte.] 
— ra eVi, [ra] Ln. ; ow. Alx. 

19. evd6KT](re X TjvdoKrjafv Ln. 

mg. [^/a;.] 

20. §4' avroO, OTTe.. Ln. [Gb.-O- -^^Zx. 

21. clnoKaTrjXXa^epX diroKaTrjX- 

XdyrjTf Ln. ; [Alx. s. otto- 
KaraXXnyeWfy]. 
23. davaTov, add. [aiiTOv] Ln. 



1 THESSALONIANS. 



33. T7, om. Ln. Tf. LAlx.] 

34, vuv, prcem. 6j Alx. 

— /uov, OTO. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— o\hs Ln. mg. [^Zo;.] 
26. j/uj/i X vvv Ln. txt. 

37. TLs 6 X r/ TO Ln. Tf. iAlx.1 

— bsX o Ln. txt. [Alx.] 

38. 7rdj/ra cwdpcoirov 2° Gb. -> ; 

o?re. Alx. 
~- 'Irja-ov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



Chap. II. 

TT€p\ X vnep Ln. [JZx.] 
icopo-Kaai X ^oi)pci<av Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] 
arvp-^L^aa-QevTcov X cvp^t- 

^aaOsvTCs Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
TTCLvra ttKovtov X 7'"5l' TO 

TrXouTOff Ln. Tf. [^Za?.] 
/(at narpos Koi tov Xpia-Tov, 

om. Gb. Sch. Tf. ; XptarTOv 

tantum Ln. 
TTJs yvixreas, om. t^s Ln. 

iAlx.-^ 
p.rj Tis X p-Tjdels Ln. Tf [^Za;.] 
eV rfi TTtCTTei, o?7i. eV Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.l 
iv avTrj, om,. Tf [Gb. -»] ; ^Zar. 

s. iv avrS. 
vfj-as earai X eo-TOi Vjuay Ln. 

Tf. 

Off X o Ln. txt. [^Za;.] 
Twy ap.apTta)v, om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 
jSaTTTtV/xaTt X ^aTTTtcrixM Ln. 

mg. [^ZcT.] 
(rvvqy€p6r]Te \ dVvqyepOrj- 



pev Ln. mg. 

T&ij/ veKpobv, om. rSiv Gb.Sch. 
iv To7s X ^^ ^t>. -». [^Za:.] 
o-vve^QiOTToiTjcre, add. vpas j 

Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. <v.]. | 

rjplv X vp^LV Elz. Ln. mg. j 
rjpKev X ^pf** Alx. j 

^ eV TTOO-ei X K(ii- ^v TTo'cr. Tf. j 
vovpi]vias X veoprjv. Ln. txt. I 
a X o Ln. txt. [Alx.'i 



17. ToG XplCTTOV, om. TOV Gb 

Sch. Tf 

18. pr] [Ln.] Gb. :5 ; iom. Abe.} 
20. ow, o??i. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

— ra Xpio-rS, om. to) Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
23. Koi acpeibiq., [Kat] Ln. 

Chap. III. 

4. T]pa>v X vp5)v Ln. mg. [Gb 

<^]. Alx. 

5. vpwv, om. Tf [^Z.r.] 

6. di a X Sto Ln. mg. lAlx.] 

— 7] opyrj, [17] Ln. 

— 6771 Tovs vlovs Tijs aTreidelas, 

om. Tf. [Ln.] 

7. avToiff X TOUTOts Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

f^]. Alx. 

11. eVt, arffl!. (ipaev kol drjXv Alx. 

— 2Kvdr]s, prcem. Koi Alx. 

— eXeiidepos, prcEm. KoX Ln. 

iAlx.1 

— TO. Gb. -♦ ; om. Alx. 

12. TOV Qeov, om. tov Ln. [Alx.] 

— olKTLppa>v X oiKTLppov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— TrpaoTrjTaX'n'pavTTjTa Ln. Tf 

13. XpLaros X K-vpios Ln. [^Za;.] 

— vpels, add. noielTe Alx. 

14. r]Tis X o Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. Alx. 

15. GeoO X Xpto-ToO Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

16. KOL vpvoLs Koi, om. Koi bis Ln. 

Tf. Alx. [1° Gb. Sch.] 

— x^pi-Th prcem. Trj Ln. Tf 

lAlx.] 

— T^ Kapdia X Tats- Kapbiais 

Gb. Sch. Ln. 

— Kvpico X ^f<» Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. [Rec. Gb. ~]. 

17. o Ti, om. Alx. 
-av\ iav Ln. txt. Tf, 

— Kvplov ^Itjctov X ^Irjaov Xpi- 

CTTOv Ln. ; {.Kvplov Gb. =t] ; 
owi. Alx. 

— Kal TraTpX, c/m. Ka\ Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ->]. Alx. 



18. iSi'ots, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

19. yvvaiKas, add. vpavLn. lAlx.] 

20. eaTiv evdpeaTou X evapeaTov 

ecTTtv Ln. [Alx.] 

- T<5 Kup/o) X eV Kvp/o) Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf lAlx.} 

21. epeOi^eTeXTrapopyi^eTe Sch. 

Ln. [Gb. ~]. 

22. 6<pda\podovXeiais X 6<pdaX' 

podovXeia Sch. Ln. [Gb. ~]. 

- Geoz/ X Kvpiov Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
22,. Koi nau 6 tl iav\6 iav Sch. 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 
24. yap., om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

^Za;. 
2^.56 X yap Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~J. 

Alx. 

- KopielTai X KoplariTai Ln. 

txt. Tf. lAlx.l 

Chap. IV. 

I. ovpavols X ovpava Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 
3. 6 X 01/ In. txt. 

8. yi/o) TO. 7» fpl ii/xcoy X yvcore 

TO. nepl T]pa)v Sch. Ln. [Gb. 
~]. 

9. TW TTLCTTW Ka\ dyaTTTjTiio X T&) 

dyoTT. >cat Trtaro) ^Za;. 

- yvcopiovo-iXyvcopiaovaivluii. 

[Alx.} 

11. (rui/epyot, afZ<:Z. pov eiatv 

Alx. 

12. Xpto-Tov, add. 'irjaov Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 

- 7T€nXr]pa)pivoi X 7renXr]p0' 

(poprjpevoi Ln. Tf. [Gb. <^]. 
.(4Zar. 

13- C^^OI/ TToXvV X TTOXVV TTOVOV 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
15. avTov X CUTIS' Ln. ; [.<4Za;. .?, 

avT coi/]. 
18. aprjv. Upos KoXacraae^s 

iypd(f)T] diro 'FatpTjs 81a. Tv- 

XtKoi) Kal OvT](TLpov, om. 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



1 THESSALONIANS. 



Chap. I. 

1. OTTO Qeov TraToos fjpav Ka\ 

Kvpiov ^Ir](TOV XpiCTOV., om. 
Tf. [Ln.] [Gb. -]. Ala:. 

2. vpmv 2°, om. Ln. [Alx.'i 

3. v/iwr, post TTto-Teco? Alx. 



4. Qeov, prcem. tov Alx. 

i. els X Trpos Ln. [Gb. ~]. 

Alx. 
— iv vplv, om. ev Alx. 
7. TVTTOVS X TVTTOV Ln. txt. Tf 

[Gb. ^]. Alx. 

n 



7. MaKehoviq Ka\ add. iv Sch. 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. '^]. 

8. 'A;(aia, prcem. iv Tjj Sch. Ln. 

[Gb. -]. 
- fiXXa Ka\ X dXX' Ln. Tf [Gb. 
^]. Alx. 



2 THESSALONIANS 



7. rjfxas ex^iv X fX^*" VH-^^ Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

9. exoixev X tcrxofxev Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
10. V€Kpu)V, prcem. Twv Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

Chap. II. 

3. aSXa Koi, om. Koi Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

3. ovT^ iv X ouSe iv Ln. [^te.] 

4. T« ©ew, o?n. T<5 Tf. [Ln.] 

Alx. 
*]. tJttloi X vrjTnoi Ln. [yi?a;.] 

— av X ^civ Ln. Tf. 

8. l[X€Lp6iJ.evoL X 6ix€ip6p.evot Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf 

— yeyevrjade X iy^vrjOr^T^ Sch. 

Ln. Tf [Gb. ^]. 

9. yap, o??i. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

12. TrepLTrarrjaaL X TrepLTraTelv 

Sch. Ln. Tf. ^Z.r. 

13. 8ta, prcem. kol Ln. Tf. 

14. TavTCL X Tct aura Gb. Sch. 

Ln. txt. Tf 
ij. Ihiovs, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— vp-as X ^po.s Elz. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
16. e(pda<Te X ecjidaKCV Ln, txt. 

— opyj), af?<:Z. tov 6eov Alx. 

18. Sio X SioTt Ln. [Gb. ~1. Jlx. 

19. XpLCTTOv, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

Chap. III. 

2. biaKovov X crvvepyov Gb. Ln. 
txt. Tf. 

— Kai crvvepyov rjp.a>v, on. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 



3. v/xa?, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb.-]. .^te. 

— nepl X vTTf/J Sch. Lu. Tf. [Gb. 

tv]. Alx. 
3. rw X TO I'll. Tf. [^?a;.] 

— firjBeva craiveadai X ftJ^Sej/ 

da-aiveadat Ln. 

7. ^Xi\//-et Kat dvdyKT] X amy. 

Kai 6\i\l/€i Sell. Ln. Tf 

11. XpLCTTOSf om. Ln. Tf [^Za;.] 

12. 6 Kupto? Gb. -♦ ; [6 ^eos s. 

6 KxjpLos ^Irjaovs Alx.] 

13. XpicTTov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

=J]. ^te. 

— auroC, add. [a/X7yi/] Lu. [^?a:.] 

Chap. IV. 

I. To, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

— ovv, om. Alx. 

— Ka6ais, prcBm. 'iva Ln. [Gb. 

~]. Alx. 

— 9ew, add. Ka6a>s Ka\ nepi- 

narelre Ln. [Gb. ~]. Alx. 

3. 6€\rjp.a., pircm. [to] Ln. 

4. eKaarov X (Kaaros Ln. mg. 
6. 6 Kuptoy, om. 6 Ln. Tf. 

— 7rpo€l7rap.€vX TrpoeiTropev Gb. 

Sch. [Rec. Gb. ~]. 
^ aXA' X aAXa Tf. 

8. /cai, o?«. Ln. [Alx.] 

— 86vra X 8id6vTa Ln. txt. 

[^Zo;.] 

— TO IIv€vp.a avTov X ai^T. to 

7rv(vp,a Ln. 

— T^pas X vpds Sch. Ln, Tf. 
JGb. -].^^ 

9. exfTe X €)(op,€V Ln. [Gb. H- 

10. ddeXcfjovs Tovs^ om. rovs Ln. 

11. Idlais, om. Ln.Tf [Gb.^]. Alx. 



a 



^eXo) X de'Kop.ev Gb. Si 

Tf. 
K€Koip.rjpivaiV X Koipap. 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^/ar. 
XuTT^cr^e X XuTrela^e Ln, m] 

TVpoiTOV X TTpWTOl Alx. _ 

dndvTrjo-Lv X viravT-qa-iv Alx. 
TOV Kvpiov X ''■<w XptOT^ 

Cpiap. V. 
77 Tjpepa, om. r) Ln. Tf. [.^te.] 
yap, om. Gb. Sch, Tf. ; [fie] 

Ln. 
?7 T]p.€pa vpds X vpay 77 rjpe- 

pa Ln. ; [^te. s. vp.ds fj rjp.. 

€K€LVr]]. 
KkiTTTtJS X KKeTTTas Ln. 

Trai^ref, add. yap Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

MS Kal, om. Ka\ Ln. lAlx.] 
dXX' X "XXa Tf, 
VTTep eK nepi<T(rov X vnep- 

eKirepLaaoos Ln. Tf. [^te.] 
eavTols Xi^^Tols Gb.^^. [y4te.] 
SicdKere /cal, om. /cat Sch. Ln. 

[Gb. zt]. 
yap, add. ia-Tiv Ln. [Alx.] 
TvdvTa, add. di Gb. Sch. Ln. 

[Gb. -]. 
npocrevx^a-dc, add. [koi] Ln. 

^[Jte.] 

opKi^co X evopKL^oi Ln. Tf 

dyi'otf, o??i. Ln. Tf. [Gb, =t]. 

d/xiyi/. Ilpoy 9ecrcraXoi't/fery 
TrpcoTT; €ypd(f)rj dno ^Adq- 
v<ov, om. Gb. Sch, Ln. Tf. 






2 THESSALONIANS. 



Chap. I. 

2. T]pcov, om. Tf [Ln.] Gb. -♦. 

[Alx.] 
4. Kavxaadai X (yKavxdcrdai 

Ln. Tf [//Zj?.] 
8. TTupi cfiXoyos X ^>Xoyt nvpos 

Sch. Ln. txt. [Gb. ~]. 
— Xptcrroi), owi. Tf [Ln.] ^Z.r. 
(). oXfdpnv X oXfdpiov Ln. txt. 

10. TTlCTTeVOVCnV X TTiaTflXTUaiV 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 
12. Xpia-Tov, om. Tf [Ln.] /fZ^-. 



Chap. II. 

2. voof, ofZfZ. vpcdv Alx. 

— pTjT€ dpoelaBai X /^J/S^ ^p. 

Ln. Tf 

— XpiaTov X Kvpiov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 

3. dpLapTtas X dvopias Alx. 

4. wf Geoiv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf 

— dnodeiKvvuTa X OTroSeiyi/i;- 

oi/ra Ln. mg. 
s. KvpLos, (uld. 'Jrjaovs Gb. Sch. 
Ln. [Gb. -]. 
71 



8. di/oXcocTft X di'fA^ft Ln. [Gb. 

c^']. Alx. 

10. TTJs ddLKias, om. Trjs Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ■-]. Alx. 

- iv Tols, om. iv Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -]. 

1 1 . nipyj/ei X Trip.nei Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. 

12. ndvTcs X drravTes Tf. Ln mg. 

— iv [Ln.] Gb. — ; [0771. Alx.] 

13. elXcTO X e'tXaTO Ln.Tf. [Al.v.] 

Rec. Gb. r.]. 



33. c dpxi]S X dnapxfjv Ln. 
34 .ji Ix.} 

~ fids X ^pds Ln. 
J 6. XptOTOS, prmm. 6 Ln. 
«- o Geoy, [6] Ln. Gb. -♦. 
7 lAlx.l 
!- Kal Trarrjp X 6 vrar. Ln. txt. 

[Gb. ~]. Alx. 
17. v/idy, om. Sch. Ln, Tf. [Gb. 

— Xo'yo) /cat e/ayw X ^'py<p '^^'t 
Xdyo) Sch. Ln.' Tf. [Gb. <^]. 



1 TIMOTHY. 

Chap. III. 

3, Kvpios X ^fos Ln. [^?a?.] 

4. vpiu, om. Tf. [Ln.] 

— Koi TTOielre, prcem. [fcai enoi- 

rjcrare Koi] Ln. 
g. TTyz/, om. Elz. 
6. TjfjLcov^ om. Tf. [Ln.] 

— TrapeXa^eXTfapeXd^ocravGh. 

Tf. [Ln. mg.] ; TrapeXd^ere 
Ln. txt. ; rrapeXa^ov Sch. 
8. vvKTa Koi rjpepav X vvktos 
Kal Tjpepas Ln. txt. 



12. Sta roD Kvplov rjpav 'Itjo-ov 

XpiCTTOv X eV Kvpico 'It/o-ov 
Xpiaras Ln. [Gb. c^]. yite. 

13. eKKaKrjarjTe y^iy KaKYjcr. Ln.Tf. 

14. Kat fXT] (TvvavapiyvvaOe X fn) 

(TVvavapiyvvo-QaL Ln. ; [koI 

Gb. =J ; om. Alx.'\ 
16. rpo7r&)Xi"07ro) Ln. [Gb.~]. Alx. 
i8. d/zj^i', om. Tf. [Gb. =?]. 
IIpos ©eo-craXoi't/ffrs devTepa 

€ypd(pTj dnb 'Adrjvatv^ om. 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



1 TIMOTHY 



Chap. I. 

I. 'It^o-oC XptcrroO X Xptcrrov 
'Irjaov Tf. 

— Kvpioi 'Irjaov Xpiarov X 

XptaTov 'Ij/o-oO Gb. Sch.Ln. 
Tf. 

3. fjpa)v, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

4. OLKovopiavX oiKobopiav Elz. ; 

olKobop^v Gb. f*^. 

8. xp^Tcif- X XPWV'^^'- ^"• 

9. TTarpaXcoais X TrarpoXaais 

Ln. Tf. UZa^.] 
-- ixrjTpaXcoais X prjTpoXaais 

Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 
13. KOI x^P'-^') ^^'>'- '^^'- I^^' W^-] 

[Gb. -]. 
13. tovXto Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^Za;. 

— ovra, arfd. jue Ln. 

- aXX' X aXXa Ln. Tf. 

16. ^Irjaovs Xpiaros X Xpiaros 

'l-qaovs Ln. Tf. 

— Trdaav X uTraaav Ln. Tf 

17. (ro(pa, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

Chap. II. 

3. yap, om. Ln. 

6. TO paprvpiov, om. Ln. 

7. eV XpioTw, ow. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

8. StaXoyio-fioC X SiaXoyta-pcov 

Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^te. 

9. aa-avTas Kal, om. Kal Ln. 

- Tos yvfaiKar, om. rds Ln. Tf. 

- Koapico X Koo-picos Alx. 

- rj XP^^V X '«ai XP- I^^- T^- 

— xp^^^ X xp^^'V ■'^"• 



12. yvi/atKi Se SiSacrKeii' X SiSd- 
o-Keii' fie ywatKi Ln. lAlx.] 

— dXX' X dXXd Ln. 

14. dnaTrjOela-a X i^anaTrjOeicra 
Ln. Tf. [J?«.] 

Chap. III. 

2. vT](j)dX€OP X vr)(fidXtov Elz. 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

3. juj) alaxpoKepdrj, om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— dXX' X dXXd Ln. 

7. avTou, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

Alx. 

11. vr](f>aXeovs X i^(pdXLOvs Elz. 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

14. rd;^toi/ X f'l' Ta';^et Ln. lAlx.2 
16. Geos- X OS Gb. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

6 ~] ; Beds Cst. 

Chap. IV. 

I. TrXdpois X TrXavTjs Gb. f^. 

[Csf.] 
6. ^Ir](Tov Xpicrrov X XpicrroC 

'iT^a-ov Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— Trapr]KoXovdT]Kas X TraprjKo- 

Xovdrjaas Ln. mg. 

8. eTrayyeXlav X inayyeXias 

Alx. 
10. Acai KOTTcapev, om. Kal Ln. 
[Gb. ->]. ^Zar. 

— oveibi^dpeda X dycow^ope^a 

Ln. [Gb. ~]. ^Zo;. 

12, eV TTvevpaTif om. Gb. Sch.Ln. 

Tf. 

15. iv Trda-iVy om. iv Ln.Tf. [Alx.1 

[Gb. =t]. 

75 



Chap. V. 

4. KaXoi/ /cat, ow. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

5. TOP Qeov, Itov] Ln. 
8. Tcov 2°, ow. Ln. 

II. KaraaTpr]uida-(ocn X fara- 
o^Tpr]vid(Tovcnv Tf. Ln. mg. 

15. Tives e^erpaTTTja-av X e^erpd- 

nrjadu Tipes Ln. txt. 

16. nia-Tos T], om. Ln. [Gb. ->]. 

^Za;. 

- €TrapKel,Tco X iivapKua-doa Ln. 

txt. 
18. Boui/ dXo©i/Ta ou (pipcocreis 
X ou (pipaaeis ^ovp dXo- 
oipra Ln. [^Za;.] 

20. Toi/ff, add. he Ln. 

21. Kvpiov, om. Sch. Ln.Tf. [Gb. 

- ^Irjaov Xpia-Tov X XptaroC 

'Irjaov Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- TTpoaKXiaip X TTpoa-KX-qaip 

Ln. [^Za;.] 
23. dXX' X a^^« Ln. Tf. 

— ardpaxdp aov,, om. crov Ln. 

iAlx.'\ 
25. cbcrai;ro)y, add. 8e Ln. Tf. 

- rd KaXd epya X rd epya rd 

KaXd Ln. Tf. [Alx.l 

— eVrt, o??i. Ln. Tf. 

— dvparai X hvpapxai Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 

Chap. VI. 

g. napabtarpi^al X hiairapa- 
rpi^al Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. [^iZa:.] 

— d(f)i(rTa(T0 otto r«i/ toiov- 



rcov, oin. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] [Gb. 

^]. 
7. S^Xoj/, om. Ln. lAIa:.'] [Gb. -*]. 
II. Tov Qeov, om. tov Ln. 
— TTpaoTTjTa ^TTpavTTudeLav Sch. 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 
13. Koi €k\t}6t]s, om. Koi Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
13. ^ojoTTotoC'in-os' X C^oyovovv- 

TOS Ln. Tf. [^^.] [Gb. ^]. 



2 TIMOTHY. 

17. iu T(5 vCf aicoi'i X TOV j'G;' 

— €V 2° X fVi Ln. iAIx.] 

— rco ^coi'Ti, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

[Gb. -]. ^ 

— TrXoucrtcos' Trai/ra X Trai^ra 

nXovaLcos Gb. Sch. Tf. ; to. 
TrdvTa ttX. Ln. 
19. alcoviov X oWaj? Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 



ao. irapaKaTaOrjKrjv X TrapaGrj' 
KTjv Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. [Rcc. 
Gb. -v]. 

31. pera aov X /^f^' v/xcoj/ j^n. 

— dprjv. Upos Tipodeov Trp/o- 
TTj €ypdcf)rj diro x\ao5t/cftaf, 
TjTLS earl prjTpOTrokis <l>pv- 
-ytay T7J9 naKartaj/j)f, o/rt. 
Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



Chap. I. 

x.^.lijcrov XpiOTOV X "K-piG-Tov 

'lT]aov Tf. [Alx.] 
i. Xa/ix/3az/Ci)i/XXa/3a)i' Ln. [^/x.] 

[Gb. ~]. 

— 'EvueiKTj X EwtKj; Elz. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
9. Kar' X f^ra Ln. 

10. lT]aOV X-pLO-TOV X Xpi-(TTOV 

'irjcrov Ln. txt. 
12. TrapadrjKrjv X TTapaKaraBrj- 
Krjv Elz. 

14. TrapaKaTaOrjKriv X napaOrj- 

KT}v Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

15. $uyeXXoy X ^vyeXoy Ln. Tf. 

[Alx.] 

16. e7rr](Txi>v6ri X €7raL(j)(vvdT) 

Ln. 'Jf. [y^te.] 

17. cnrovdaioTepov X (TTrouSat'coy 

Ln. [.4te.] 

Chap. II. 
3. (ru ow KaKOTrddrjaovX crvy- 
KaKoirdOrjaov Ln. Tf. [^te.] 
^[Gb.--]. 

— ^Irjcrov Xpiarov X Xpicrrov 

'Ir/crov Sch. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
I.alo Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

— 8o)Tj X StwcTft Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. 
9. aXX' X dWa Ln. Tf. 

12. dpuovpedaXdpjrqaopeda Ln. 

Tf. 

13. dpvrja-nadai, add. yap Sch. 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. -]. 

14. KvplovJ^ 6eov Ln.mg. [Alx.] 



2 TIMOTHY. 

i^.\oyopa)(€lv\\oyopd)(ei Ln. 
[^te.] 

— fiy ovbiv X fV ouSeV Ln. ; 

[Alx. s. iiT ovdevl yap]. 
19. Xpiarov X Kvpiov Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

21. Koi €vxpr]a-TOV, om. Ka\ Ln. 

Tf. [Alx.] [Gb. =:]. 

22. pera, add. ndvTcov Ln. [Jte.J 

24. ciXX' X aXXa Ln. Tf. 

25. npaoTTjTi X TTpavTTjTi Ln. Tf. 

[ite.] 

— So) X Sw?/ Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

Chap. III. 

I. yivcoaKe X yivcoa-Kcre Ln, txt. 

6. alxpaXo>T€vovT€s X alxpo.- 

XcoTt^ovres Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ra yui^at/ccxpia, om. ra Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

10. TTaprjKoXovdrjKas X rraprjKO- 

Xovdrjcrds Ln. [Alx.] 

11. (ppvaaro X epvaciTO Ln. txt. 
14. TiVo? X TiVo)!' Ln. [^/Z.r.] 

i^. TO ifpa, [ra] Ln. ; [o??i. ^te.] 
16. eXcyxov X ^Xeypou Ln. 

Chap. IV. 

I. ouj/ eyoj, o?rt. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— TOV Kvpiov, om. Gb. Sell. Ln. 

Tf. 

— ^Irjaov XptCTTOv X Xpiarov 

'lr]aov Ln. Tf. 

— Kpiveiv X Kpluai Alx. 

— Kara X Kal Gb. Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

[Rec. Gb. <v]. 
76 



inidvpius ras Idias X t8ias 

€7ridvpias Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
€avro7s eTnacopevaovatX^Tn- 

aoipevaovaiv €avro7s Alx. 
eprjs dvaXvaecos X dvaXv- 

aecos pov Ln. [Alx.] 
dyoiva tov koXov X KaXou 

dycbva Ln. 
Trdai Gb. -►. 

AaXpariav X AeXp. Ln. 
aye X 'dyay^ Tf. 
(paiXoinjv X <f>eX6urjv Elz. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
aTToScpr; XoTToScocrei Sch.Ln. 

[Gb.'^]. 
du6earr)Ke X dvrearT] Ln. 

[.4te.] 
avprrapeyevero X napeyeufro 

Ln. [^te.] 
aKovai] X dKovaaaiu Ln. Tf. 

U/.r.] [Gb. -].^ 

— eppvaQ-qv \ ipva6t]u Ln. 

18. /cai pvaerai, om. Kal Ln. Tf. 

[^te.] [Gb.-]. 
22. 'It/o-ous Xpiaros, oin. Tf. ; 

o?«. Xptaros Ln. 

— 17 X"P'^ /^^^' 'L'M'^i' Gb. -•. 

— a/i)]!'. ITpoy Tipodfov dev 

repa^ r^f 'E^fo-j'toi/ skkXt]- 
crta? TTpwrou frriaKOTrov ;^et- 
poTovrjOeura, eypdcj)r] otto 
'Pco/M7/f, ore fV dfvrepov 
TTapearrj HavXos t(o Kai- 
aapi 'NipoovLj om. Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 



HEBREWS. 



TITUS 



Chap. I. 

1 . 1t](T0V XplCTTOV X XpiO-TOV 

*1t]<xov Tf. 
4. eXeos X Koi Sch. Tf. [Gb. ~]. 

— Kvpiov 'Itjo-ov XpiCTTOV X 

Xptarov ^Irjaov Ln. Tf. 
i. KareXiTTOV X aTr^Xnrov Ln. 
Tf. [Alx.] [Gb. ~]. 

— eTTLdiopdoicrr] X eni^iopda)- 

crr]s Sch. Ln. 
10. KaX avviroTaKTOL^ om. kol Ln, 
Ulx.} [Gb. -]. 

— p.d\iG-Ta, add. [Se] Ln. lAlx.] 
1$. ix€V, om. Ln. Tf. [Alx.} Gb. =t. 

— p,epi.iaa pivots X p.epLap.p.€- 

vois Ln. Tf. 

Chap. II. 

3. lepoTrpeTreis X tppoTrpcTreT 

Ln. mg. 

4. cra>cfipovL^(o<Ti X caxppovi- 

Covcriv Tf. Ln. mg. 



5. olKovpoiis X OLKOvpyovs Ln. j 
[^/a:.] [Gb. ~]. I 

J. ddiacpdopiav X d(f)doplav Ln. | 
Tf. ^te. [Gb. ~]. 

- d<p6apaiav, om. Elz. Gb. Sch 

Ln. Tf. 

8. Trept vp.oi)V \eyeiv X Xeyetf 

Trept rjp.S)V Ln. 'JT. 

- t»/xcoj' X r)p.a>v Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

9. 18lols deanoraLs X ^fCTrd- 

rais iStots Ln. txt. iAlx.'] 

10. TTiaTiv ndaav X ndaav ttl- 

(TTiv Ln. [^to.] 

— dibacTKaXiap., add. ttjv Sch. 

Ln. [Gb. ~]. 

— J7/zaii' X vpS>u St. 

11. J7 aaTTjpios, om. r] Ln. ; [Jte. 

s. Tov aoiTrjpos rjp,a)p]. 

Chap. III. 
I. Koi e^ovaeas^ om. koI Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. -]. AIx. 



2. TrpaoTTjTa X npavTrjra Ln. 
Tf. 

5. wi/ X a Ln. [^Za;.] 

— Tou avTOV eXeov X to ai^rov 

eXeos- Ln. Tf. [Alx.} 

6. TTVCvp-aros, prcmi. did Alx. 

7. yeva)p,eda X yevr)6a)p,ep Ln. 

Tf. [Jte.] 

8. TO) ©e<S, om. ro) Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

-^]. ^zk 

— ra Kokd, om. to. Ln.Tf. lAlx.} 

[Gb. ->]. ^ 
10. Kai dcvrepav vovdealav X 

vovOeaiav koX Sevr. Tf. 
i^. a/Lij^j/, on*. Gb. Sch. Tf. [Ln.] 

TLpbs Il'ltqv^ ti]S Kpr]Ta)U €K- 
KXrjaias irpcoTov eTria-Konou 
X(tpoTOvr}BevTa,iypd(pr] dno 
'NiKOTToXeas rrjs Ma/ce- 
dovlasi om, Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 



P a. dyaTTTjT^ X abeXffirj Ln. [Gb. 
(^]. Alx. 
i. Trpos X f 'y I^n- [^Za;.] 

6. roi), om. Ln. 

— u/Ati/ X w"^^ G^b- Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Rec. Gb. ~]. 

— 'iTyo-oCi/, om. Ln. [^i/a:.] 

7. X^P*-^ X X^P"'' ^^^- ^'^^ S^'*^' 

Ln. ; [^apti' Gb. <^]. 

— exop,(v X ^'(Txov Ln. [Gb. ~] 

.<4Za;. ; [ttoXXj]!/ eaxov Ln.] 



PHILEMON. 

9. 'Ir/crov Xpio-Tov X XpiaroC 

'It/ctoC Ln. Tf. 
10. /iou, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. :5]. 

12. du€Trep,yl/a • cru Se X "''f'- 

nep-ylrd crot Ln.[ JZa'.] ; eVeju,- 
\//-a (TOL Gb. ~. [^Za;.] 
— 7rpo(rXa^ov, om. Ln. Tf. 

13. dianovfj p,oi X P'Ot diaKoi'fj 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
17. ep-e X jMf Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf, 



18. eXXoyei X iXXoya Ln. Tf. ; 
[eVXdya Alx.] 

20. Kupio) X XpLara Gb. Sch. Ln, 

Tf. 

21. a X o Ln. [Alx.] 

23, 'Ao-7rd^oj/rat'X"0'7''d^eratGb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
25. a/i.771/. Ilpoy ^iXrjp.ova eypd- 

cfitj OTTO Pd)p.r}s dia ^Ovqa-'i- 

p.ov olKeroVy om. Gb. Sch, 

Ln. Tf, 



HEBREWS 



Chap. I. 

,1. eaxdroivX icrxf^Tov Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

2. Tovs alaivas iiroirjaev X eVot- 

r)aev tovs alwvas Ln. Tf. 

r^Za;.] 

3. Si' iavTOv., om. Ln. Tf, [Alx.] 



3. TTOirjcrapLevos tcov ap-apTLoav 
X ra)t' dp-apricbv 7roiT]adp.€- 
vos Ln. [^Za;.] 

— rip,a)V., om. Ln.Tf. [Gb.^J]. Alx. 
8. pd/35oy X Kat pd^dos Ttjs Ln, 

[JZa:.] 

- J/ pandas, om. 17 Ln. 

77 



9. dvopiav X abiKiav Alx. 
12. avTOtis-, a<?rf. <us Ipdnov Ln. 
[JZa;.] 

Chap. II. 

I. ripds npoacx^iv X npoafx^iv 
■fjpds Ln. Tf. 



I. Trapappv5>iiiv\ napapvMfx^u 
Ln. Tf. 

6. Ti ecTTiv \ TLS i(TTLV Ln. mg. 

7. Koi KaT€(TTr]cras avrbv eVt 

ra e/jya rcav ;(eipcoj/ (rov, 
Offi. Gb. Sch. Tf. [Ln.] 

8. 'Ei/ yap rw X f^* i"<y y«p Ln. 

— avTUi [Ln.] 

14. crapKos <a\ aiparos X cupa- 

Tos KOI a-ap<6s Sch. Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. f^^]. Alx. 

Chap. III. 
i.XptOToi/, ow. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
a. oXo), o?/i. Tf. 

3. So^iyy ot/TOff X ovTOS do^rjs 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

4. Tct TTatra, om. to. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

-]. Jlx. 
6. ov X o? Gb. ~. 

— iavrrep X ^o.v Tf. [^iZa:.] ; eav 

[Trep] Ln. 

— p-^XP'' TeXovy ^e^aiav, om. 

Tf. 

9. /if, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -]. Alx. 

— iboKipaadu pe X eV ^OKipa- 

o-i'a Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^te. 
ro. e'lceiV?/ X ravTrj Ln. Tf, [Gb. 

e^]. Alx. 

— eiTroi/ X ftVa Ln. [^?t.] 

13. rty e^ vpa)v X f| t'/xwi/ res 
Gb. Sch. Ln. (txt.) Tf. 

— yeyouapev tov XpicrTov X tov 

XpKTTov yeyovapev Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 
17. Se, add. [Koi] Ln. 

— €7r€cr€u X eVecrai/ .4te. 
rg. Si' X 5ta Tf. 

Chap. IV. 

a. (rvyK€Kpnpevos X o-uy/CfKe- 
paarpevos Ln. [Gb. f^]. ^/a;. 
3. yap X oui/ ^te. 

6. 8l X Sta Tf. 

7. e'iprjTaL X Trpoetpr/rai Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. --]. ^te. 
13. ■v//'L';(i7y re, oni. re Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
rt]. yite. 

— evdvprjafcov X ivdvprjacoi^ 

Ln. mg. 

15. nfTTfipapfvovX TreneLpaa-pe- 

vov Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. [St. 
Gb. -^. Alx.'] 

16. eAeoi/ X cXfOff Ln. Tf. {Alx.l 

Chap. V. 

1. re, OOT. Ln. 



HEBREWS. 

3. bia TavTTjv X 5t' avTrjv Ln, 

Tf. [^te.] 

— eavTov X avrou Ln. 

— vnep X Trepl Ln. Tf. | Gb. c^]. 

Alx. 

4. 6 KoKovpevoSy om. 6 Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— KaOdirep X K-aQuxnrep Tf. ; 

Ka^cb? Ln. 

— 6 'Aapoov, om. 6 Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
9. nacriv, ante toIs vrraK. Ln. 
[Alx.] 

12. Kai ou, om. Koi Tf. [J/;;.] 

Chap. VI, 

2. StSa;)^?;? X dLdax^Jv Ln. txt. 

3. TroiTjaopev X TTOirjcrwpev Ln. 

mg. [Gb. tv]. j;^. 
7. TToXXaKt? epxopevouXepxop. 

TroWaKLs Ln. Tf. 
9. Kp€LTTova X Kpeiaa-Qva Ln. 

Tf. [Jte.] 
10. roii AcoTTou, 07n. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

14. H X ei Ln. iAlx.] 

15. peV, om. Ln. [Jte.] 

19. d.a(pa\rj )( da(paXrjV Ln. 
[^te.] 

Chap. VII. 

I. rov ti-v//'iVroO, 02?z. roC Elz. 

— 6 (TvvavTrjcras X os o'Ui'ai'r. 

Ln. [yite.] 

3. dcpoopoLcopevos X dcpop. Tf. 

4. Kai, OTO. Ln. 
^. vlcov, om. Ln. 

— aTToSe/carouj/ X aTTodeKaTolv 

Tf. 
6. roi* ^A^paup^ om. tov Ln. 
[^Zjc.] 

— €v\6yrjK€ X r}vk6yrjK(v Ln. 
9. etVeii/ X eiTrei/ Ln. mg. 

— Aeut X Aevij Ln. Tf. 

— bid X St' Ln. 

10. 6 MeX;(icreSe/c, om. 6 Ln. 

[.ite.] 

11. avrfi \ avT^s Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

Alx. 

— veuopoderTjTO X veuopoderrj- 

rai Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

13. TTpoo-eVx^Ke X 7r/)ocre'o-;(e Gb. 

-.J./te.] ^ ^ 

14. oi/SeV Trepi lepoiXTVvrjsXTrepI 

Upecou ovoeu Ln.Tf. [Gb. cv]. 
Alx. 
x6. aapKLKris X (TapKiirrjs Gb.Ln. 
Tf. [Alx.] [Rec. Gb. ~]. 
78 



17. paprvpel X paprv^)i1rai Ln. 
Tf. [Gb. ~]. Alx. 

21. pera X pe^' Ln. 

— Kara Trjv rd^iu Me>iY(o-e- 

SeV, om. Tf. [Gb. ->]. .4/ar. 

22. ToaovTov X roo-ovro Ln. Tf. 

[^te.]^ 

23. yeyoj/orey tepeiyX iepety ye- 

yo7/o'res' Ln. [Alx.] 
26. J^plt', acM. Ka\ Sch. Tf. [Ln.] 
Gb. ~. 

Chap. VIII. 

2. /cat ov/(, o»i. /cat Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
->]. ^te. 

4. yap X ovv Sch. Ln. 

— raji/ iepe(ov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

=J]. ^te. 

— roi/ vopov, om. tov Ln. Tf. 

5. TTOirjcrrjS X noi-qaeis Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

6. ta;!/! X ^^^ Ln. 

— rereu;^e X t^tvx^v Ln. Tf. 

[^^/^^.] 
8. axjTols X avTOVs Ln. [ylte.] 

10. diadrjKT], add. [pov] Ln. 

11. Tt\-qa'Lov X noKiTrjv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— pLKpov avTav, om. avTcov Ln. 

[^te.] [Gb. ->]. 

12. >cat rail' dvopicov avTcov, om. 

Tf. [^te.] 

Chap. IX. 

1. o-Krjvr}, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

2. dyta X ayta. dyicoi/. (sic) Ln. ; 

[Alx. s. Ttt dyia]. 
5. Xepou/3tp X X^po^/^fti' Ln- ; 

afW. r^? Sch. 
g. ov X ^i' Sch. Ln. [Gb. f^]. 

Alx. 

10. jSaTTTta-pols., Koi, om. Koi Gb, 

Sch. Ln. 

— Si/catwpacrt X BiKaiwpaTa 

Sell. Ln. [Gb. r^]. 

1 1 . peXXdi/rcoi/ X y^vopevcov Ln 

13. ravpcov koI Tpdycav X Tp( ■ 

yu)V Kcd Tavpojv Ln. Tf. 
[Alx.] 

14. lipcovX r'jpcov Ln. Tf. [Gb. (^J. 

Alx. 

— ^covri, arZrZ. Koi dXr^Oivw Ln. 

18. OL/S' X oiiSe Ln. Tf. 

19. vopov, proim. tov Ln. [Alx.] 

— r/)dya)v, prccm. tcov Ln. Tf. 

— eppdvTiae X fpdvTicrev Ln. 

Tf. [Jte.] 



21. eppavTio-eX epa.VTicrev'Lii.Tl. 
24. 6 Xpia-Tos^ om. 6 Ln. [Alx.] 
26. vvu X '^''t Ln. Tf. 

— ay<ipTias^ prcem. rrjs Ln. 

a8. ovTcoy, orfci. Kai Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

Chap. X. 

I. a? X ai^P Tf. 

— dvvarai X dvvavrai Ln. [^te. j 
a. ovK, om. Elz. 

— KeKadapp-evovs X KCKadrjpi' 

(Tixevovs Ln. [^Zo:.] 
6. evdoKTjo-ai X r)v86Kr](Tas Ln. 
Tf 

8. Ovalav Koi 7rpo(T<popav X ^v- 

(Tiay Kai irpoacpopas Ln. Tf. 

— evdoKTjcras X rjvdoKT^aas Ln. 

Tf 

— Toi/ vofJLOv^ om. TOP Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -]. 

9. 6 Geoy, o??i. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

10. oi dici, om. 01 Elz. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 

— Tov 'irjaov, om. rod Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 

11. lepevs X apxiepevs Ln. [Alx.} 
13. avTOS X ovTos Sch. Ln. [Gb. 

-]. ^ 

15. TTpoeiprjKevai. X elprjKevai Ln. 

[Gb. ^]. ^Za;. 

16. rcov 8iavoLci>v X T^i' Staroiai/ 

Ln. [.<4Za;.] 
i>j. fxvr]a6a> X p-vr]crdr](rop,ai Ln. 
Tf [^te.] 

33. ippavTi(Tp.€voi X pepavTicrp-e- 

VOL Ln. Tf. 
30. Xeyet Kvpios, om. Tf. [Gb. =5]. 

— Kvptoy Kpivei X Kpivel ku- 

pio? Ln. Tf 

34. beo-p-ols p.ov X bea-fxioLS Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf 

— eV, 0771. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

— KpeiTTova X Kpuaaova Ln. 

— eV ovpavolsy om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

35. p.LcrdaTTobocriav p.€yaXrjv X 

p,€ya.\r]i> pLaSaTTodoalav Ln. 
38. bUaios, add. p.ov Ln. Tf 

Chap. XL 

' . ra ^Xerrop-eva X to /3Xe7ro- 

/xei/oi/ Ln. Tf [Gb. ~]. Jlx. 
4. TOV 0€o{}Xt<u ^6<5 Ln. [^Za;.] 

— XaXelrai X XaXei Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf [Reo. Gb. -^3. 



HEBREWS. 

$. evpi(TK€TO X r)vpiaK€TO Ln. 
Tf 

— avTOv, om. Ln. Tf [Gb. -]. 

Alx. 

— €vrip€(TTr]K€Vai X cvapca. Ln. 

Tf 

8. KoKovpevoSi prcem,. 6 Ln. 

— TOf , OOT. Ln. 

— ffpLcXXe X ep-eXXev Ln. Tf. 

9. T))v •yj^i', om. T^v Ln. Tf. 

11. €T€Kev, om. Gb. Sch. Ln, Tf. 

[Rec. Gb. ~]. 

12. eyevvrjdrjaav X iy^vrjdr^aav 

Ln. 

— ojCT-ei X <»i? >? Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

13. Xa/3oj/r6? X Trpoade^dpLfuoi 

Ln. 

— Kat ireia-QivTes, om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 
1 5- i^r^Xdov X ^^^^rjcrav Ln. Tf. 

[^Zx.] 
16. i/uz/i X i'Sj/ Ln. Tf 

19. eyeipSLV dvvaTOS X ^ye'ipcu 

bvvaTat Ln. 

20. Trepi, prcem. Koi Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

— £vX6yr]a€V X TjvXoyrjcrev Ln. 

Tf 

21. €vX6yr]a€ X rjvXoyrjcrev Ln. 

Tf 
23. Stdrayjua X So'-y/ua Ln. 
26. eV Alyv7TTa> X Ai-yuTrrov Gb. 

Sch. Tf [Rec. Gb. cv=] ; iv 

AlyvTTTOv Ln. 

28. oXodpevav \ oXeBpevcov Ln. 

Tf 

29. ^rjpas, add.yrjs Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

30. eneae X eneaav Ln. Tf [^Zx.] 
32. -yap fie X 1^-^ yap Ln. 

— BapuK re, ow. re Ln. 

— Kal 'le(jidde, om. Kot Ln. 

34. p.axaipas X p^aX'^^PV^ ^^• 

— ivehvvapa>6rjcrav X idwapLco- 

Orjcav Ln. 

35. "yvi/aiKe? X yvvaiKas Ln. 

37. paxaipas X pax(iLpr]s Ln. 

38. eV ip-qpulais X ^'^^ ^'p'?/-'" I^^^- 

39. rTji/ iirayyiXlav X tos' iTvay- 

yeXias Ln. 



Chap. XII. 

2. iKaQia-ev^KeKaOiKevGib. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 

3. avrbv X iavTov Ln. 

4. dvTiKaT€(rTr)T€ X ai'reK. Tf 

7. El X fZs Ln. [^Za;.] 
— eaTiv, om. Ln. Tf. 

8. eVre xai ou^ viot X '^"'^ ov;^ 

viot eVre Ln. 



9. TToXXw X TToXv Ln. Tf. 

1$. dia TavTTjs X ^t* avTTJs Ln. 
Tf 

— TroXXol, prcem. ol Ln. Tf. 
16. aTre'fioro X OTreSero Ln. Tf. 

— avTOv X ^avTov Ln. Tf. 
18. opet, om. Ln. [^Za;.] 

— (T/cdro) X (ofpca Ln. Tf [Gb. 

t^]. Alx. 
30. ^ ^oXldi KaTaTO^evdrjaeraif 
om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

23. iv ovpavols dnoyeypap.pe-' 

vcov X dTToyeypap.p.iv(X)v iv 
ovpavoXs Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

24. KpeiTTOva X KpeiTTOV Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 

— TOV X TO Gb. ~. 

25. €(f)uyov X e^e(pvyov Ln. Tf. 

— roz/ cTTi r^s -yjj? X ^'tti y^s 

Ln. Tf. ; om. Trjs Gb. Sch. 

— xPVI^^'^^C'^^'^aj prcean. tov Ln. 

Tf 

— TToXXa X TToXv Ln. Tf. 

26. creici) X (T€Laa> Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. 

27. Toiv craXevop.€uaiv ttjv X T')'' 

Tcov aaX. Ln. 

28. Xarpevcop-ev X XaTevop.ev Gb. 

~. [CaZ.] 

— jitera aiSoCy fcai evXa^eias X 

/Liera evXa^eias koX deovs 
Ln. Tf [Gb. ^']. ^Zar. 

Chap. XIII. 

4. 6e X yap Ln. [Gb. ~]. Alx. 
6. Kal ov, [Kal] Ln. 

8. x^f ? X f'x^^s- Ln. Tf 

9. irepKpepeade X 7rapa<pepe-' 

ade Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

— TrepnvaTr]cravTes X TreptTra- 

rovvres' Ln. 

10. i^ovcrlav, om. Tf. 

11. Trept dp-apTias, om. Tf. ; j^os* 

ayta Ln. 
18. 7reTroi6ap,ev X neidopeda Ln. 
Tf [Gb. ^]. ^Za:. 

20. I?70"o€i/, add. 'KpLcrrov Alx, 

21. TTOLcov.) prcem. ai/TW Ln. 

— rcoi/ alavoiVj om. Tf. [Gb. 

22. dvex^crOe X ave^eo-^ai Ln. 

23. ddeXcpov, add. r]p.a>v Ln. 

[Alx.} 
2$, dp.Tjv Gb. ->. 

Tlpos 'E^palovs eypd(f)r) aTTO 
Trjs 'iraXt'as Sta Tip.o$€OV, 
om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 



JAMES 



Chap. 1. 

3- TTJs nicTTecos, om. Tf. 
12. 6 Kvpiof, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb.-*]. 
1^. Tov Geoj}, om. rov Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

19. "Go-re X'LO-re Ln.Tf. [Gb. c-]. 

Jlx. 

- eo-rco, add. Se Ln. Tf. 

20. ov Karepyd^eraL X ovK ipya- 

^€Tai Ln. Alx. 
32. fiovov aKpoaTOL X aKpoarai 

fiovov Ln. Tf. 
3^. ovTos, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ->]. 

*6. €1, afZf?. Se Ln. 

- ev vpiu, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Rec. Gb. cv]. 

- aXV X dXXa Ln. Tf. 

- Kapbiav avTOv X napb- cav- 

Tov Ln. 
37. dpTjo-Ksia, add. yap s. 8e Alx. 

- rco 06(5, om. Tco Tf. [Gb. =J]. 



Chap. II. 
TT]v crvvaycoyrju, om. rrjv Ln. 
Ka\ cTTi^Xeyp-rjTe X cVt/SXe- 
■v/rTyre fie Tf. [^te.] 
avT(o, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
038(1 om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. ^te. 
Kal oil, om. KOL Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

roO KocTfj-ov X TM Koaixa Ln. 
Tf. 
rovTov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

Tqprjcrei X TVPWIJ ^"- Tf. 
nraiaei X TTTaLaj] Ln. Tf. 
fjiOiX^vaeLS, (povevaeis X /^ot- 

;^evet?, <f)ouev€is Ln. Tf. 
di'iXecos- X aveXens Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =J]. ^ite. 
Kai Kara/caup^arat, om. /cat 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
TO, 07W. Ln. 

Xe'y_>; tis X ^tJ ^^c'y?? ^"* 
eau 6e, Se Gb. =i ; o;». -<4te. 
wfft, 07n. Tf. 
TO, om. Ln. 
f'pya '4xxi X f'x?/ *^P7" Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

fK X X<"P'^ G*^- '^'^'^- ^''"- ''^• 
(TOV., om. Ln.Tf. [Gb. ::J]. .^te. 
tt'kttlv /X.OV, om. /xou Tf. [Gb. 

6 Geo? etf eVri X f^f ((ttIv 



19. 



6 ^eos Ln. ; etj ^eos" eVni/ 
Tf. 
20. vcKpci X apy?? Ln, Tf. 

24. Toivvv^ om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

25. Spoicos fie, om. fie ^te. 

Chap. III. 

3. 'iSou X ft fie Ln. Tf. [Gb. =^0 ; 

ifie Gb. Sch. 

— Trpos X f ty Ln. Tf. 

— avToiis Tjp7i^ X VH-^^ avTOvs 

Tf. Alx. 

4. aKXrjpSiV avepcov X dvepcov 

(TKXrjpcou Ln. Tf. ^te. 

5. yLieyaXavxf' X fifyaXa avxel 

Ln. 

— oXi'yoi/ X ^XiKOV Ln. Tf. 

6. ourcoy, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

Alx. 

8. bvvaTai dvdpoiTrcov dapdaai 

X BapdcraL dvvarat dvBpco- 
770)1/ Ln. 

— aKarao-xeroi/ X a'cardorraroi' 

Ln. ']Y. 

9. Geoj/ X KvpLov Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

<^]. Alx. 
12. ouTcay, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =t]. 

— ovdepla Trqyr] dXvKov Ka\ 

yXvKv X ovT€ aXvKov yXvKV 
Gb. Ln. Tf. lAlx.] 

17. Acat dvvTTOKpiTos., om. Kai Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. =J]. ^te. 

18. r^y diKaLoarvvrjSj om. rrjs Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

Chap. IV. 

1. Ka\, add. nodev Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. 

2. OVK e^eTe fie, om. fie Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. ; Kal ovK e^ere Gb. 

4. Moixoi Ka\, om. Ln. Tf. 

— av X eau Ln. 

5. KaTCOKT](jeV X KaTWKl(T€V Ln. 

7. uuTUTTTjTf, (ukl. fie Ln. [^fte.] 

10. ToG Kf/jt'ou, 0J71. roi; Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =;]. Alx. 

11. KQi X V Ln. Tf. [Gb. <v]. Alx. 

12. vopoOerqs, add. ku\ KpLTT]s 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ail, add. fie Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— OS Kpiveis X o KplvoiV Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. ^te. 



12. erepoi' J TrXrjariov Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. ALc. 

13. KOL i^ X V Elz. Ln. 

— iTopeva-u>pi6aXnop€Vij6p.<: ')a 

Elz. Ln. Tf. 

— noLTjo-oopep X TTOLTJO-OpCV Elz. 

Ln. Tf. 

— e^a, om. Ln. 

— cpTTopevatopiBa X fpnopfv- 

a opt 6 a Gb. Ln. Tf. 

— KepdrjiTwuev X Kepbrjaopev 

Elz. T.n. Tf. 

14. TO T^j ;, It T^j Ln. 

— ydp, o?/(. .. . . [Alx.] 

— eariv X eo-r>. Lu. Tf. ; earai 

Gb. ~. ICsL] 

— fie X /fai Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

15. ^rjcrcopev X ^rja-opev Ln. Tf. 

— TTOLTjcrcopev X TTOCTjcropev Elz. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

Chap. V. 

4. elacXrjXvdacnv X eio-eXj^Xv- 

^ai/ Ln. Tf. 
^. a)f, om. Ln. Tf. 

7. ni/, om. Tf. 

— verov, om. Ln. Tf. ; [Alx. 8. 

om. Kapivov]. 
9. Kar aXXrfKoyv.1 ddeXcfjol X a- 
fieXc/)ot /car' dXXT^Xcoi/ Ln.Tf. 

— KaTaKpiBrJTe X KpidrjTe Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— 6 KpiTTjs., cm. 6 St. Elz. 

10. r^? KaKonadeLas, dfieX^ot ■ 

povXddeXcfiol, TTjs KaKona- I 
<9etay Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. ■ 

— TO) oi^o'/xart, proim. eV Ln, 
^['^te.] 

11. vTTopevovTas X vrropeipavTas m 

Ln. [Gb. --]. yfte. f 

— e'ldere X i'fiere Tf. 

— TroXv(T7rXayxv6i X TroXuev- 

aTrXny^Oi' Gb. f>^. [Alx.] 

— 6 Kvptos, om. Tf. [Gb. =;]. Cst. 

[2. et? VTTUKpLiJLV [siC Cst.] \ VTTO 

Kpia-iv Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
4. TOV Kupt'ou, 0)n. TOV Ln. Tf. 
6. 'E£o/xoXoyeio-^e,a(W. oui/Ln. 

[Alx.] 

— TO. TTapaTTTUipaTaXjas apap- 1 

TLas Ln. [Alx.] \ 

— (vxeade X npoa-fvxfcrde Ln. 

8. verov efioKe X efico/ce ver. Ln. 

9. dbeXcpoi, add. pov Ln. [.,4te.] 
!o. y^rvx^v, add. avTOV Ln. [.<4ix.J 



1 PETER. 



Chap. I. 

3. Tjixas X VfJ-as Elz. 

4. fj^as X vfJi^as Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

6. ewTt, o??i. Tf. 

— "XvTrrjdevTes X '^VTrrjSevras 

Cst. 

7. TToXu TlfXia>T€pOV X TToXnTt- 

fxoTepov Gt). Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Tt/x]7i/ Kot do^av X 86^av Koi 

TifMrjV Ln. Tf. [^te.] 

8. eiSo'resXtSoVres Ln.Tf. [Alx.] 

9. v/i«z/, om. Tf. 

12. rjfXLvXvfiiu Gb. Sch. Ln. [Eec. 
Gb. ~]. 

— eV, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ->]. Mx. 
16. yevecrde X ecrecr^e Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. cv]. Jte. 

— ftjLit, om. Ln. Tf. lAlx.'\ 

20. io-xarcov X icrx^TOV Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. cv]. ^Zo;. 

— v/xaff X i7/'ias' JZa?. 

21. mcTTevovTas X tticttovs Ln. 

Tf. 

22. Sia Uvevnaros, om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =J]. ^Za;. 

— KaQapas, om. Ln. Tf. 

23. etff roi' atcova, om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

24. ms x^pTO^, om. cos Ln. 

— dvdpoiTTOv X CLVTTJs Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. [Rec. Gb. ~]. 

— avTov, om. Ln. [Gb. =?]. ^Za?. 

25. rov Kvp'iov, om. tov Ln. 

Chap. II. 

2. av^rjdrJTe, add. els crcorrjpiav 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

3. eirrep X et Ln. 

— XPW^^^ X '^piCTTOS Cst. 

5. tepar6i;/Aa,pr£eTO.ets'Ln.[^Za;]. 

— r« Geo), om. r« Ln.Tf. [^Za;.] 

6. Abb Kol X Sion Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— eV TT] ypa^fj \ f] ypa^T^ Ln. 

lAlx.l ; eV ypa^TJ Tf. [^Za;.] 

7. Xi'^oj/ )( Xidos Ln. 

11. aTTexecrOat X arrix'^crBe Tf. ; 

atZcZ. {i/May Ln. 

12. eTTonrevcravTes X eTTOTrrev- 

ovTcs Ln. Tf. 

13. ow, om. Ln. [Gb. 3]. .4Za;. 

14. fiev, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

16. bov\oi Qeov X 6eov bovkoi 

Tf. 

17. ayarrare X ayanrja-aTe Cst. 



20. roCiTO, add. yap Ln. Tf. 

21. T}pa>v X tijLiGJz/ Elz. Gb. Ln. ; 

lT]pMV Gb. f^]. 

— rjplv X v/iij/ Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

24. avTov, om. Ln. [Gb. -»]. 

Alx. 

25. liKavap.cvaXTrK.avoap.evoi'La. 

Tf. 

Chap. III. 
I. at, o?w. Ln. 

— Kepdrjdrjacovrai X Kep8r]$r}- 

aovrai Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^a;-. 

3. rpixoiiv, om. Ln. 

— KOI Trepidearecos X ^ Tvepideo: 

Ln. 

4. Trpaeos kol rjcrvxiov X 570"^- 

;(iou Kai Trpaeos Ln. 

5. eVi roi/ 0e6i/ X f^s ^eov Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. ~]. 

6. v7rrjKova-€V X vTrrjKovev Ln. 

7. crvyKkrjpovopoi X (rvyKkrjpo- 

vofxois Tf. [Gb. i:^] ; acZci. ttoi- 
kiXj;? ^Za?. 

— iKKOTTTeadat X iyKorvreadai 

Gb. Sch. Ln. 

8. (l)Lk6(ppoves\raTreiv6<:l>poves 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

9. eiSorey, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^3]. 

Alx. 

10. avTov 1°, om. Ln. Tf [^Za;.] 

— atirou 2°, om. Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

11. eKKkivdrcOf add. de Ln. Tf 

lAlx.] 

— dyaOov ^rjTria-dro), om. St. 

per sphalma. 

12. ot, om. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

13. p.Lpr]Ta\ X ^77Xcorat Ln. [Gb. 

^]. Alx. 

15. Geoi/ X XpioTTov Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

~]. Alx. 

— 8e, om. Ln. [Alx.] 

— eXTTtSos-, ofZfZ. dXXa Ln. Tf. 

[^Za;.] 

16. KaraXaXwaiv X KaraXaXou- 

o-iv Ln. lAlx.1 ; KaraXaXct- 
a-^6 Tf. ; KaTokakova-iv Gb. 
<^. 

— vpwv as KaKOTTOLoJv, om. Tf, 

17. ^eXet X ^f'^^ot Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

18. enade X diredavev Ln. [Gb. 

~]. lAlx.-] 

— T«, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

81 



20. aira^ i^ehix'^TO X dne^ehe- 

X^TO Gb, Sch. Ln. Tf, 

— okiyai X oXtyoi Ln, Tf. 

21. to X o St. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— rjpds X v/^as Ln. Tf. 

Chap. IV. 

I. VTTep Tjpaiv, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
-]. Alx. 

— eV, om. Ln. [Gb. 3]. Alx. 

3. rjplv, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -»]. ^Za?. 

— roii ^lov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. zt]. 

Alx. 

— TO Oe'Xrjpa X ^ovkrjpa Ln.Tf, 

[Gb. ^]. Alx. 

— Karepyda-aadai X Kareipyd-' 

adai Ln. Tf. 

7. raff Trpoo-evxds, om. rds Ln. 

Tf. 

8. rj ayaTTJy, om. ^ St. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =?]. 

— KaXv-^ei X KaXvTTTei Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. (^]. ^Za;, 

9. yoyyvcrpS>vXyoyyv(rfxov Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. ^j. Alx. 

13. Ka^o X Ka6a)s Elz. 

14. 86^r]s,add.Kal dvvdp.€cos Sch. 

Ln. [Gb. ~]. 

— Kara pevavTOvs ^Xaacfirjpe'i- 

Tai, Kara de vpds do^d^e- 

rat, 0771. Ln.Tf. [Gb. =J]. Alx. 
1$, aXXoTpioeTTiaKOTros X aXXo- 

rpieiria-KOTros Ln. 
16. /xepet X ovopari Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

f^]. Alx. 
19. ©$•, om, Ln. [Alx."] 

— eavTccv X avrav Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

~]. Csf. 

— aya^oTToda X dyaBonouais 

Ln. Tf. 

Chap. V. 

1. rovs X ovv Ln. [.4Za;.] 

2. eTTia-KonovvTes^ om. Tf. 

— eKovcricos, add. Kara 6e6v Ln. 

[JZa:.] 

— prjU X /ii7 Tf. 

i. VTTOTaacropevoiy om. Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. -]. Alx. 

6. Kaipa, add. eTna-KOTrrjs Ln. 

[^Za;.] 

7. einppiy\ravTes X eiripiy^f. Ln. 

8. or£, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— KaraTrirj X KaTanulv Ln. txt. 

[Cs^.] 

25 



10. TjfjLas X vfLas Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 
Alx. 

- KarapTiaai X KarapTtaa, Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. ^0. Alx. 

- vfjLas., om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -]. 

- (rrqpl^ai^ adeuaxrai, X o-^^- 



1 JOHN. 

pi^ei, crdeucicrei Gb. Ln. Tf. 
[Rec. Gb. ~]. 

10. depeXidxrat, om. Ln. ; Bepe- 

Xioiaec Tf. ; sic Gb. =t. 

11. Tj 86^a Kiily om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

-]. 



11. rS)v aia)va>v^ om. Tf. 

12. TOV TTKTTOV^ Om. TOV Ln. 

— eaTrjKare X crr^re Ln. 

14. 'Irjaovj om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

- a/Lt7yi/, OOT. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



Chap. I. 

1. '2vp€(ov X St/xcoi' Ln. 

— rjpwv 2°, om. Ln. 

3. dia do^rjs Kal apeTrjs X 'Si'a 

So^7; Kal dperfj Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
<^]. Alx. 

4. peyicrra r]plv Kol ripia X 

peyicrra koL ripia rjplv Ln. ; 
Ti'juia Kat piyiara rjplv 
Tf ; ri'/xia T]p. Koi peyiara 
Cst. 

— Kocrpcp, prcem. rco Ln. [Alx.'] 

5. avrb TOVTO X avToi Ln. [^/a;.] 

8. VTrdpxovra X napovra Ln. 

9. apapTLcovX dpaprrjpdTcov Gb. 

Sch. Tf [Rec. Gb. cv]. 
10. o-TTouSdcrare, af7(Z. tW dLci 
Twv KoXav vp5)V ipycbv 
Ln. 

— •noulcrOai X Troteicr^e Ln. 

J 2. ovK dpiK.T](T(xi\pcXkr](Ta) Ln. 
Tf. [Gb. ^]. Alx. 

— vpdi de\ X aet v/ias Gb. Sch. 

Tf. 
21. TTore 7rpo(j}r]T€ia X irpoc^r}- 
Tiia TTore Tf. 

— ol ayioi X tiTTo Tf ; ayioi rov 

Ln. ; om. 01 Gb. Sch. 

Chap.^ II. 

2. aTTCoXeiaiy X daiKyclais Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

3. wa-rd^d X vva-rd^ei Cst. 

4. creipals X cripols Ln. 

— Tfrqprjpevovs X KoXa^ope- 



2 PETER. 

i^ouff TTjpeTv Ln. ; Trjpovpi- 
vovs Gb. Sch. Tf. 

5. aXV X aXXa Tf. 

6. KaTaaTpo(f)fj, om. Alx. 
8. 6 Si'/cator, otw. 6 Ln, 

11. Trapa Kvpico, om. Ln.Tf [Gb. 

12. (jivaiKa. yeyevvTjpeva X 7^- 

yevvrjpeva (pvaiKd Ln. Tf. ; 
(pvcTLKd yey€vrjpeva St. Sch. 

— KaTa(^6apr](xovTaL\Ka\ cpda- 

prjcrovTai Ln. Tf. [J/a:.] 

13. aTrdraty X dydTrais Ln. [Gb. 

~]. Alx. 

14. dKaraTravoToi;? X (XKaraTrd- 

crrovs Ln. ; d/cara7ravcrrou 
Gb. ~. Cst. 

— nXeove^iaia X TrXeovc^las 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. [Rec. Gb. ~]. 
i^. Tr)v evdelav, om. ttjv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
I"]. vecfieXai X Kcii oplxXat Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— els alcova, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

18. daeXyelais X ^^ daeXyeiaLS 
Elz. ; dcreXycias Tf. [.<4te.] ; 
dcreXyetats' Gb. '^. 

— ovTOis X dXiyoys Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— d7ro(f>vy6vTas X dTro(f)€vyov- 

Tas Ln. Tf. [Gb. - ]. ^te. 

20. Kupi'ov, o<?rf. rjpcov Ln. 

21. irnyvovaiv, add. ety ra o7rt- 

0-0) Ln. 



21. iniarpe'^ai eK X VTToarpe- 

yJAat diro Ln. 

22. avpjSe^TjKc Se, o?n. 8e Ln. Tf. 
- KvXicrpa X KvXiapov Tf. 



Chap. in. 

T^/zcoy X t'ftcoi' Ln. Tf. [J/a;.] 
eaxdrov X eVp^drcoi/ Ln. Tf. 

[^Za:.] 
rjpepcov, add. iv epnaiypovrj 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
avTOiv iinOvplai X iTTiOv- 

pias avTcov Gb. Sch. Ln. 
avTOV X Tw auro) Elz. Ln. ; 

TO) aurou Gb. Sch. Tf. 
6 Kupior, o»t. 6 Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 
els Tjpas X Si' v/xn? Ln. [Gb. 

f^] Alx. ; eiff v/Liay Tf. [Gb. 

~]. Alx. 

rj rjpepa^ om. rj Ln. Tf. 
iv vvKTi, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf 
XvOrjaovTai X XvOrjaerai Ln. 

OVV \ OVTUiS Tf. 

Tr]K€Tai X TaKTjaerai Ln. 
/card TO endyyeXpa X 'fat tu 
enayyeXpara Ln. 
dpd)pr]TOL X dpapol Gb. t^ ; 



[^te.] 
avTw boBela-av X So^eicrai' 

aiiT6) Ln. Tf. [^te.] 
Taiy eTrtcrToXaiy, o»i. Tats Ln. 

Tf 

ot? X °'S' Ln. [Gb. ~]. .<4/a:. 
d/:x7)i/, om. Tf. [Gb. -►]. 



Chap. I. 

3. dnayyiXXopev^ add. Ka\ Ln. 

[Alx.] 

— KOLvo>via Se, om. de Alx. 

4. v/xTi/ X '7/^f If [Gb. f^]. ^te. 

— vpa)V X '7/'i&)V St. Ln. 



1 JOHN. 

5. avTr; eaTiv X eCTTti/ auT?; Tf 

lAlx.] 
— enayyeXia X dyyfXta Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. [Rec. Gb. <^]. 

7. XpiaTOV, om. Ln. Tf. 

8. OL^K fVTti' ev Tjpiu X <" "J" 

8^ 



juij/ ou/c eo-Tii/ Sch. Ln. Tf 

Chap. II. 

2. IXaa-pos can X cVtii/ iXa- 

crpos Ln. 
4. 6 Xt'yo)!/, add. [on] Ln. [^te.] 



« 



ovTCds, om. Ln. [Alx.} 
ddeXtpoi X dyaTrrjTol Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. iAlx.:i 
diT dpxr]Sf om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

=?]. Alx. 

vixiv X ^/Aii' Grb. ~. 
iv avra ovk ea-TLV X o^i^ 

ecrriv iv avra Ln. 
ypd(p(o X eypayjra Ln.Tf. [Gb. 

~]. Alx. 

narpos X ^foG Alx. 
d\X X a^^^a Tf. 
avToii Gb. ->. 

6 «vTi_;(picrTO$', om. 6 Ln. Tf. 
i^JjXdov X e$ri\Bav Ln. Tf. 
^o'ai' e^ i7/>tcoy X ^'^ 17/^001' 

TJa-av Tf. 
e';!(€t, acZ(Z. 6 opoXoyav tov 

vlbu KoX TOV Tvaripa ex^i 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
ovv, om. Ln. Tf [Gb. =5]. Alx. 
Koi €v, om. iv Ln, 
iv vpiv fxevei X [xevei iv vp-tv 

Ln. Tf. iAlx.-\ 
avTO X avTov Tf. [Gb. ~]. 
/xej/eire X pivere Ln. [Gb. ~]. 

0x01* )( eav Ln. lAlx.] 
e^o/iei' X (TX^P^v Ln. Tf. 



Chap. III. 
I. Kkr]6a>p€V, add. kol iapev 
Ln. [^Za?.] 

3. o'idapev Se, o»i. §e Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. =1]. ^Za;. 

4. T] dpaprla, om. 17 Ln. 

$. f}pa>v, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 3]. 



2 JOHN. 

10. TTOtcov diKaioavvrjv X «'>*' ^t- 

Kaios Ln. 

11. dyyeXta X iirayyeKla Alx. 

13. /xou, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. Alx. 

14. roi/ dbeKfpov^ om. Ln. Tf. 

[^^07.3 

15. auro) X iavrS Ln. 

16. Tidivai X ^€tt/at Ln. Tf. [^Za;.] 

18. juou, o»i. Ln. Tf [Gb. ^'\. Alx. 

— y\a>acrr), prcem. rfj Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf! 

— 'ipyc^-i prcem. iv Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf.' 

19. Kai iv TOVTCO^ om. Koi Ln. 

iAlx.-\ 

— yLvaKTKopevXyvaxTopeda'Ln. 

[Gb. ~]. Alx. 

21. Tjpcov., om. Ln. 

22. Trap' X «7r' Ln. Tf. [Alx.] 

23. TTiu-Tevcroipev )( Tricrrevcopev 

Ln. [Gb. ~]. ^Za;. 

— iJfiTi/, o»i. Tf. 

Chap. IV. 

2. yivaxTKCTe X yivai<TK€Tai Gb. 

3. rov 'ijycroui/, roz/ Gb. -». 

— XpicTTOv iv (rapKi iXrfKv- 

Oora^ om. Gb. Ln. Tf. ; om. 

XpiCTTOV Sch. 

12. TeTeKetcopivT] icrTiv iv rjplv 

X iv rjplv TereXeKopevr} 
icTTiv Ln. 
16. iv avra., add. Ipevei] Ln. 
[Alx.-] 

19. Tjpelsy add. ovv Ln, 

— avTOS X o O^os Ln. [JZa;.] 

— avTOV, om. Ln. Tf. 

20. TTois X 0^ L»- [-4Za?.] 



Chap. V. 

1. dyaira koi, lKa\\ Ln. 

2. rqpcopev X rroLcopev Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~J. JZa;. 

6. aiparos^ add. Ka\ Trvevparos 

Alx. 

- 6 Xpio-roj, 6 Gb. =J. [Csf.] 

- TO) atpari, prcetn. iv Ln. Tf. 

7. ei/ TO) ovpavM^ 6 Ilarj^p, 6 

Adyoy, /cai ro " Ay lov Ilvev~ 
pa- Ka\ ovToi ol rpels iv el- 
(Ti. 8. Ka\ rpels etcriv ol 
papTvpovvres iv rfj yfj, om. 
Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
9. Tjv X OTi Ln. Tf [Gb. ~]. Alx. 
10. paprupiav., add. tov deov Ln. 

- iavTa X avTa Tf. 

- 960) X vt<5 Ln. [Gb. cv>]. Alx. 

13. Toty TTiaTevovcrtv els to ovo- 

pa tov vlov TOV ©eoO, om. 
Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- e'xeTe alotviovX alaviov e^f € 

Gb. Sch. 
~ Kal Lva TTiaTevrjTe X 01 nc- 
o-T€vovTes Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

14. OTi idv Tt X o Ti av Ln. 

15. idv X ai' Ln. 

- ay X eai/ Tf. 

- Trap' X arr Ln. Tf. 

16. l8t] X ftS^ Ln. 
18. dXX' X dXXa Tf. 

20. o'ldap.ev be X koi o'ldapev Gb. 

Sch. Ln. 

- uXtjOlvov, add. deov Alx. 

- 'Ij/o'oG XpicTa Gb. -^. 

- T) ^coj), om. 17 Ln. Tf [Gb. -]. 

Alx. 

21. iavTovs X eavTo Ln. 

- dpTjv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



2 JOHN 



3. i7jLia»v X vpa>v Elz. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
- Kvpiov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

^Za:. 
g. ivToXrjV ypd<f)cov croi KaivrjV 

X ivToXrjV KULVTjv ypd(f)a)V 

aoi Ln. ; [ypdcfico St.] 

6. eVrii' 17 ivToXf) X 17 ivToXr] 

ia-Tiv Ln. Tf 

7. da^XOov X i^^Xdov Tf [Gb. 

<^] .4Za;. ; i^rjXdav Ln. 



8. aTToXecrciipev a elpyaadpeOa 

X dTToXiarjTe a etpydaaaOe 
Ln. Tf [Gb. ~]. ^Zar. 

— drroXdlBaipev X dTroXd^rjTC 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. cv]. JZa;. 

9. TTapa^aivcov X Trpodycov Ln. 

Tf [^Za;.] 

— roC XptoTov, o?w. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -]. ^Za;. 

— naTepa Ka\ tov vlov X I'toi' 

/cai TOV naTepa Tf. 



11. yap Xeycov X Xeycoi/ yap Ln. 

— avrco, o»i. Tf. 

12. rj^ovXrjdrjv X i^ovXrjdrjv Ln. 

Tf 

— dXXa iXni^o) X eXTTi^o) yap 

Gb. Sch. Ln. [Rec. Gb. ~]. 

— iXdelv X yeveadat Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. c^]. ^Za;. 

— J7/[Aci)z/ ^^ TreTrXr] pcopevT] X vfioii' 

TTfTrX. ^^ Ln. [Gb. ^^]. Alx. 

13. d/>i77i/, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 



REVELATION. 



4. aXrjdeia, prcem. rjj Ln. Tf. 
i. epyd<TT] X epydCn ^^^ 

— ds Toiis X TovTO Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

t^]. AIx. 
']. ovofxaros, add. avrov Elz. 

— ^^rfkOov X i^rjXdciv Ln. 



3 JOHN. 

7. idvoiv X iBviKcov Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

cv-]. Alx. 

8. dnoXafxl3a.v€LV X v7ro\afx(3d- 

veiv Ln. Tf. [Gb. <n;]. AIx. 
g.' Eypa-^a, add. ri Ln. Tf. 
II. Se KaK07r.om.8e Gb.Sch.Ln.Tf. 



12. oiSare X oiSay Ln. [Gb. ~]. 

Alx. 

13. ypd(peivXypdy}/'ai aoi Ln. Tf. 
— ypd^p'ai X ypd(peLV Tf. ; zVZ. 

o?i<e crot Ln. [^'a:.] 

14. iSeti' cre )( o-6 tSeii' Ln. Tf. 



J U D E 



i.'lrjcrov XpidTOv X Xptarrov 
'1t](tov Tf. 

— TjyiacrpevoLS X Tjyanrjuevois 

Ln. Tf [Gb. ~]. ^te. 

3. KOij/^f, f«fd. rjixcov Ln. [^?a;.] 

4. X'^P'-^ X X^P'-'''^ ^^- '^^• 

— Geoi/, o?ft. Gb. Sell. Ln. Tf. 

5. v/xas-, o?«. Ln. Tf [Gb.=t]. Alx. 

— TOVTO X Trdura Ln. Tf. [^Za?.] 

[Gb. :5]. 

— KvpLOs X 'I'^o'ovs' Ln. [Gb. 

f^]. ..4 to. 

>}. TOVTOIS TpOTTOvXTpOTTOP TOV- 

TOts Ln. Tf [Alx.:i 
9. 6 6e X ore Ln. 

— ore X Tore Ln. 

— aXV X aXXa Ln. Tf 

12, eio-ii', adrf. oi Ln. Tf [Gb. ~]. 

Alx. 

— Treptcjiepupevai X 7rapa(j)ep6- 

fievai Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

13. TOP alcova, am. tov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 



14. 'n.pO€cf)rjTev(T£ X eTTpocf)r)T€V- 
o-ev Tf 

— pvpidaiv dyiais X dyiais jjlv- 

pida-LV Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 
i^. e|eXey£ai X eXey^ai Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. ~]. Alx. 

— avTu>v, am. Ln. [Gb. ^3]. 

— dae^elas Gb. -♦. 

17. prjixdrcov t5)V 7rpo€iprjp.€va)V 

X 7rpo€Lprjp.ev(X)V prjp,dT(ov 
Ln. 

18. oVt 2°, cm. Ln. 

— eV e(r;(aro) xpdv(o X fTr' eV- 

;^arou tov xpdvov Ln. Tf. 
[Gb. ^]. Alx. 

— eaovTai X eXevaovTai Gb. ~. 

[^te.] 

19. aTTodiopL^ovTCS, add. iavTovs 

Elz. Gb. Sch. [Gb. =t] ; [Csi. 
cm.'] 

20. T77 dyLcoTdrrj vpcou nio-Tei 

iTroiKobop.ovvTes eavTovs X 



irroiKod. eavT. ttj dyicor. t^/i. 
TTiO-Tet. Ln. Tf. 
22. iXeelTe 8iaKpiv6[X€VOL' 23. ov? 
5e eV (j)6^a> (xcb^erf, ex roO 
TTVpos ap7rd(ovT€s X f Xey- 
;)^erf dtaKptvofjievovs^ ovs de 
aoj^ere eK irvpos dpTrd^ov- 
rep, ouj fie eXedrc iv (f)6j3cd 
Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^] ^Za:. ; e'/c ttu- 
pos dpTrd^ere, diaKpLvojxe- 
vovs 6e eXeetre Gb. ~. 

24. avTOVs X v/xas- Elz. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. ; [airovf Gb. ~]. Alx. 

25. ao(Pa), cm. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. ' 

— rjpcov,, add. did ^Irjcrox) Xpi- 

aTov TOV Kvpiov f]}xu)V Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ho^a Ka\.) cm. Ka\ Ln. Tf 

[Gb. =5]. Alx. 

— i^ovaia, add. irpo navros 

TOV alcovos Sch. Ln. Tf [Gb. 



E E y E L A T I N. 



CnAr. I. 
2. re, o?n. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 
4. OTTO rov, am. tov Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf 

— ea-Tiv, cm. Ln. Tf [Gb. ^J]. 
J. eV, am. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

— dyaTTTjcrnvTi, X ayaTrcoi/ri Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf 

— XovaavTiX XvaavTL Ln. {Alx.} 

— OTTO X f< L"- [^to.] 



6. Tjpds X '7/xwi' Ln. ; riplu 
Alx. 

— fSaaiXeTs Ka\ X ^acriXeiav 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

— T<t)v aloiv(t)V, am. Tf. 
8. A X «X^a Ln. Tf 

— dpxr) Ka\ reXof, om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf 

— 6 Y>A)pLOi\ Kvpio^ 6 deosGh. 

Sell. Ln. Tf 
84 



9. Ka\ ddeXcjyos, cm. Ka\ Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf 

— o-vyKoLvo)v6s X Koivcovos Gb. 

-. [Cst.-\ 

— iv Tfi ^aa-iXeia, om. iu rrj 

Gb.'sch. Ln. Tf 

— 'It^o-ou XptaTOv X eV ^lrj(rov 

Ln. [Alx.] ; eu Xpio-Tco 'It;- 
aov Tf [Gb. t^] ; eV XpiarM 
Gb. ~. [/fto.] 



9- Sia rrjv, om. 8ia Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
-]. Alx. 

Xpiarov, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
=t]. Alx. 

10. OTTicrco fiov (p<avr}u X (pfuvfju 

onicro) fjiov Tf. 

11. Eyo) et/it TO A kol to Q, 6 

TTpWTOS KOL 6 eCTXaTOS' KOL, 

om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— €7rra, om. Rec. 

— Tois iv 'Ao-i'a, o?w. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— Qvareipa X Qvaxeipav Ln. 

Tf. 

12. eXaXT^cre X eXoXet Sch. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. H. 

13. eWa, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =1]. 

— fxaa-Tols X p-a^o7s Ln. 

— xp'^'^^v X XP^^^^ ^^• 

14. axrei X ws' Gb. Sch. Ln. 

15. 7re7rvp(oiJ.evoL X TreTrvpafie- 

vrjs Ln. 

16. avroi) X^^P^^ X X^'^P^' aurou 

Ln. Tf. 

17. enedrjKe X edrjKev Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— x^^P^i ^™' ^^- ^^^- ^^* Tf- 

— /xot, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

18. dju^i/, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— a^ov KOI Tov Oavdrov X 6a- 

vdrov KOL rov abov Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

19. Tpay^rov, add. ovu Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

20. hv X ovs Ln. 

Ln. 

— at eyrra Xvxviai X at ^^u^. 

ai eWa Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— as eiSey, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

Chap. II. 

1. TrjS X T"^ I'll- [Gb. cs:"]. 

— *E(l)e(rivT]s X ^^ 'E^eVft) Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— xp^(y^^ X xp^o"^*^^ i^n- 

2. KOTTov (TOV, om. aov Ln. Tf. 

jGb. =$]. 

— iireipdo-co X eTreipao-as Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— (pdaKOVTas eivai anodro- 

Xof? X Xeyovras iavrovs 
aTToo-ToKovs eivai Gb. Sch. 
Tf. ; [s^c sec? om. eiVai Ln. 
[Gb.^:?]. 

3. Kot ejSdcTTao-as kol vtto/xo- 

^'?)z/ ex^tf) Kat X '^at VTrofi. 



REVELATION. 

eX' '<at i^da-T. Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

3. K€KOTriaKaS Ka\ OV K€Kp,T]Ka9 

X Koi ou/c eKOTTLacras Gb. 
Sch. Tf. ; Kal ov KeKoiriaKes 
Ln. 

4. 'AXX' X aXXd Tf. 

5. eKneTTTcoicas X TreTrrcoKas Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— raxv, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ::$] ; 

rax^t St. 
^. eKK\r]o-Lai9, prcem. eTrra Ln. 

— VlKmVTL X VlKOVVTi Ln. 

— jxeo'cp TOV napadcio'ov X tgj 

Trapabeia-co Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— eeoO, acicZ. /aov Gb. Sch. Tf. 

8. ayyeXo) T^ffXayyeXwro) Ln. 

— iKKkr]crias 'S.p.vpvaioiv X ff' 

'Sfivpvrj eKK\T]aias Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

9. TO. epya kcli, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

— TvkovcrLos he X aXka nXov- 

crios Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ^Xacr(f)i]iJLLav, add. €K Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
10. MrjdevX P-V I^»- ^^^- ~J- ^'«- 

— Ibov, add. S77 Tf. 

— /SaXeti/ X l^dXXeiv Sch. Ln. 

— e| {i/xcoi/ 6 SiajSoXoff X o 

Sia/3. e'l v/i. Gb. Sch.Ln.Tf. 

— e^ere X e'x'/re Ln. 

— r]pep5)V )( f}p.epas Gb. ~. 

[^Z«.3 

13. ra epya o-qv Kat, om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb.^-]. ^ 

— Kai iv Ta7s, om. Kal Tf. [Gb. 

— eV als, om. Ln. ; om, iu Tf. 

[Gb.^rj]. 

— TriOToy, add. p.ov Ln. 

— OS', om. Tf. 

— KaTOLKei 6 ^aravas X o (rar. 

Kar. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

14. 'AXX' X aXXa Tf. 

— OTL, om. Ln. Tf. 

— edidacTKev X ihiba^e Gb. c^. 

[Ost] 

— TM BaXdic X TOV BaX. Elz. ; 

eV r<5 BaX. St. 

— (payelv, prcem. Kal Tf. 

ig. rtoi' NiKoXa'iTcov, om. tcov Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

— o ^to-tt) X o/xotcoff Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
16. MeTavorjaov, add. ovv Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 

15. VlK&VTl X VLKOVVTI Ln. 

85 



17. cf)ay€7v drro, om. Gb, Sch.Ln. 

Tf. 

— eyivo) X otSev Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

18. TTJs X Tw Ln. 

— oiToi!, om. Ln. 

19. ra epya Kal Gb. -♦. 

— diaKoviav, Kal ttjv tvicttlv X 

nia-TLV Kal ttjv 8iaK. Gb, 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ttjv v7rop.ovT]v, om. ttjv Ln. 

— Kal Ta eaxaTO, om. Kal Gb. 

Sch, Ln. Tf. 

20. 'AXX' X aXXd Tf. 

— oXi'ya, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ids X dcfiels Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— yvvalKa, add. crov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. [Gb. ->]. 

— "leCajSrjX X 'le^a^iX Gb. Sch. 

Tf. ; Tr)V 'le^a/SeX Ln. 

— TTjv Xeyovaav X ^7 Xeyovo-a 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— dihdcTKeiv Kal TrXavdadai X 

Kal di8da-Kec Kal nXava Toiis 
Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— eldcoXodvTa (payelv X (jiay. 

eldcoX. Gb. Sch. Ln, Tf. [Kec. 
Gb. ~]. 

21. e/c TTJs TTopveias avrrjs^ Kal 

ov p,€Tev6r]a-ev X Kal ov 6i- 
Xet p.eTavorjo-ai iK ttjs Tvop- 
veias avTrjs Gb. Sch.Ln. Tf.; 
[ovK TjdeXrjaev Ln. mg.] 

22. eyo), om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— avToov X avTTJs Gb. Scb. Ln. 

[txt.] Tf. [Rec. Gb. ~]. 

23. ipevvcov X ipavvoov Ln. 

24. Kal XoiTTOtS X ToTs XoiTT. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Kal olTives, om. Kal Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— ISddrj X ^adea Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— jSaXw X jSdXXo Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -]. 
27. avvTpi^eTai X awTpi^rjae- 
Tai Gb. ~. iCst.1 

Chap. III. 

1. eTrrd, om. St. 

— TO ovop.af om. to Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

2. a-Tr}pL^ov\crTr]pLO'Ov Q\). Sch, 

Ln. Tf, 

— p-iXXei X ejueXXoi/ Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— p-iXXei diTodaveiv )( e/xeXXes 

UTTO^dXXetv Gb. ~. 

— rd epya, om. rd Ln. 



3. 9eov, add. jxov Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
3. Kol fJKOvaaSj koi Trjpei Gb.:5. 

— 6771 (re, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ->]. 
4."Exeis oXiya X aWa oXiya 

^x^i-s Tf. ; dXXa e^^is oXiya 
Gb. Sch. Ln. 

— Koi iu 'Edpdeaiv, om. Koi Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— a X ot Tf. 

5. OVTOS X OVTCOS Ln. 

— i^oiioXoyr]crojxaL X ofioXoyrj- 

crca Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

7. /cXelSa X KXelv Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Tov Aa/3iS, ow. rou Ln. 

— kXcUl X KXeiaei Ln. Tf. 

— Kai AcXeiet X [^ai] KXeicov Ln. 

txt. 

— dvolyet X dvoi^ei Tf. 

8. Kai ovSeis X ^i' o^^' Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

9. Si'Sco/xi X StSw Ln. 

— fj^coai X rj^ovcTiv Ln, Tf. [Gb. 

— 7rpo(TKvvr](rcoaiv X TrpocrKwrj- 

aovo-LV Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^Zo;. 

— eyo) Gb. ^. 

11. 'iSov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

12. j/aw X Xao) Elz. 

— Tj Kara^aLVOvaa X i) Kara- 

^aivei Elz. 
14. €KKXr]a!.as AaoBiKecov X f*' 

AaodLKsia c/ckXj^ cr tay Gb, 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
ig. e'irjs X ^y Grb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
16. -^vxpos ovT€ ^earbs X C^" 

(TTos ovre \JAvxpbs Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
17. ''On TrXoucTioy, on Gb. -►. 

— ovdepos X ovSej; Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

~]. Alx. 

— eXeeij/6y, j^Ycm. 6 Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

18. nap' ipov XP^(^^^^ X XP^~ 

criov nap' ipov Tf. 

— KoXXoVpLOV X KoXXvplOV Tf. 

— f'yxpio-ovX ey^YpTo-ai Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

19. ^TjXcoaov X C'?^^^^ I-'"- Tf. 

[Gb. ro]. ^te. 

20. (la-fXfvcropai, prcem. Ka\ Sch. 

Tf. [Gb. 'v]. 

Chap. IV. 

I. Tjveaypeirq X dvewypivr} Gb. 
Sch. Ln. 

— Xiyovcra X Xeyoiu Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 



REVELATION. 

I. 'Ai/a/3a X dvdjSrjdi Ln. 
— a X oc" Ln- 



[Gb. =:]. 

— TOV 6p6vov X roj/ 6p6vov Ln. 

Tf. [JZa;.] 

3. Kai 6 Kadrjpevos [Gb. ::5]. 

— ^z^, o??i. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— aapbiptp X crapbioi Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf.' 

— opoios X op,oia Elz. ; opolcos 

Gb. ~. 

4. 6p6voi X Opovovs Ln. 

— /cai Teaaapes, om. Ka\ Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ciSoi/, o?ra. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Ka\ reaaapas, om. Ka\ Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— €v, om. Ln. 

— eaxov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

5. jSpovral KOL (fiavai X (pooval 

Ka\ ^povrai Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— 6p6uov, add. avTov Sch. [Gb. 

— ai' eiai X « f o'ni' Ln. 

— TO. Gb. -». 

6. ddXaaaa, prcem. cos Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

7. wy, om. Gb. Sch. [Rec. Gb. ~]. 

— civdpoonos X dv6p(anov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— nercopepcp X nerofieixo Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

8. Teaaapa, prcem. ra Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— iavTo X ^v avTcop Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. ; [avrcov Gb. ->]. 

— elxov X ^'x^^ Gb. Sch. Ln. ; 

k'xcov Tf. 

— yefiovra X yepovcriv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— Xeyovra X Xeyoi/rcs Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

9. 5d)o"oucrt X^f^f^i- Gb. <^). [Osi.] 

— TOV 6p6vov X TO) Opovco Ln. 

10. Kal Tecrcrapes, om. Kal Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— npocTKvvovcn X npocrKvvr)- 

crovcTLV Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 

— (iciXXovcn X ^aXoixTiv Elz. 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

11. Kvpte X o Kvpios Kin 6 deos 

rjpoiV Ln. Tf. 

— riyi/ dvvafuv., om. rfju Ln. 

— etVi X ^o-ai/ Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

ClIAP. V. 

I. (jni.cr6fv\ e^a)^fi/Sch.[Gb.'N]. 
86 



2. (f)a)VTJ., prcom. iv Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— ccrnt', om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =t]. 

3. ovpava, culd. civo) Sch. [Gb. 

-]. 

— ovde /3Xe7re«/ X oi'Tf /3X. Ln. 

4. TToXXa X TToXv Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

^]. Cst. 

— Kal duayvcovai, om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

5. ibv., om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— dvol^ai X 6 dvoiycov Tf. [Gb. 

— Xvcrai, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

6. Ka\ Idov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— e'xov X e'xcov Tf. 
-olid Tf. [Gb. cv]. Csf. 

— enrdf om. Ln. 

— TOV Qcov nvevpara \ nvev- 

puTa TOV 6eov Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

— Tu. dneaTaXpeva X dnoo'TeX'- 

Xopeva Tf. [Gb.«^] Cst. ; dne- 
(TToXpivoi Ln. 

7. TO ^ijSXiov^ om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

8. eneaov X enecrav Ln. Tf. 

— KiBdpas X Kiddpav Ln. Tf. 

9. 77/xay, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. -►]. 

10. ^/ias X avTovs Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— TO) Gew rjpcou., om. Tf. 

— ^ao-iXels X ^aatXeiau Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. cv]. Jte. 

— ^ao-iXevaopev X ^aaiXcvov- 

criv Ln. Tf. ; ^ao-iXevaovaiv 
Gb. Sch. 

11. (payvrjv, prcmi. wy Csf. 

— KVKXodev X kvkXco Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— npeo-jSvTepav add. kol rjv 6 

dpidpos avTcov pvpiddes pv- 
piddcov Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

12. TrXoCiroi/, jyrcem. tov Cat. 

13. fVn^, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =;]. 

— eV T^ yfj X cVi TTyy y^y Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— a, om. Ln. Tf. 

— ndvTU X ndvTas Tf. [Gb. -^j. 

— Xeyoi/ras' \X(yovTa Ln. [Gb. 

c-]. Cst. 

— rod Opovov X Tw 6p6vio Ln. 

Tf. 

14. 'ApT)v, prcem. to Tf. 

— elKocriTecrarapes, om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 



[4. C^VTi els Tovs almvas ra>v 
almvcov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

Chap. VI. 

I. ore X OTL Cst. 

— Tcov^ add. eTTTa Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— (jxovrjs X <p(i>vr] Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— Koi /SXeVe, om. Ln. Tf. ; Koi 

i'de Gb. Sch. [Gb. -]. 
3. Kai eidov Gb. =J. Os#. 

— avTO) X avTOi/ Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

3. devrepav a(f)paylba X cr<ppa- 

■ytSa r/^i' devrepav Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

— Kai ^Xeire, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

4. eV avraXen avTov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf.' 

— avTw [Ln.] 

— OTTO X ^< Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. z5]. 

— Ka\ ii/a, /cat Gb. ^. 

— acpd-^axTL X (J^ya^ova-LV Ln, 

Tf. 

5. rpiT-qv crcfypayida X (T(f>pa- 

y28a TTjv TpiTTjv Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

— KOI /3Xe7re, ow. Ln. Tf. ; Kat 

iSe Gb. Sch. [Gb. -]. 

— Km eiSoz/ [Gb. 35]. 

— eV aur« X fTi"' avrbv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf.' 

6. cjxovqu, prcem. as Ln. 

— KpiOrjs X Kpidcou Ln. Tf. 

7. cfxovqv, om. Gb. Tf. [Cs<.] 

— Xeyovcrav X Xeyoj/ros Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— Kai /SXeVf, am. Ln. Tf. ; Kat 

I'Se Gb. Sch. [Gb. -]. 

8. Kai eldov [Gb. ^J]. 

— ciKoXovdeT X TjKoXovdei Gb. 

Sch. Ln. 

— /xer' auToi) X avra Gb. ~. 

[p«.] 

— avTols X aura) Gb. Sch. Tf. 

[Rec. Gb. ~]. ' 

— airoKTeivai inl to reraprov 

Tr]S yrjs X fTTi to TerapTov 
Tr}s yrjs anoKT. Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

9. bia TTjV^ om. dia Ln. 

o. e<pa(ov X CKpa^au Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

— 6 dXr)dtvds, om. 6 Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— diro X eK Ln. Tf. [Gb. '^J. AIx. 



REVELATION. 

11. idodrja-av X ^866j] Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— eKaaTois X o-vtoIs Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. ; add. eKaarTm Ln. 
[Gb. ^]. iCst.] 

— aToXai XevKal X cttoXtj Xeu- 

/cj) Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— dvanavacovTai X ai^aTrauo-oi/- 

rai Tf. 

— eVt xpovov X xpoi'oi' eVt Ln. 

— p.iKp6v, om. Gb. Sch. Tf. 

— ou, o??i. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— 7rXr]poi}aovTaiX7rXr]pa)o-a)aiv 

Gb. Sch. Tf. ; 7rXr)pa>6a>(nv 
Ln. [Gb. ~]. [Cst] 

— diroKTeiveaOai X dnoKTepve- 

aOai Gb. sSch. Ln. Tf. 

12. tSov, o??i. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— i-ieyas iyiveTO X eyevero fxe- 

yas Tf. 

— eyeveTo fieXas X p-^Xas eye- 

I'ero Gb. Sch. 

— (reXrjvrj, add. oXrj Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

13. /3aXXet X ^aXova-a Tf. [Gb. 

— /MeyaXou dvip,ov X dvepLOV 

jjieydXov Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

14. 6 ovpauoSf om. 6 St. Elz. 

— elXi(ra6p,evov X iXiaaofiepou 

Ln. Tf. 

15. nXovaioL Ka\ 01 x'-^^f^PX^'- X 

XtXiapxot Kai OL nXova-ioi 
Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Suyarot X Icrxvpol Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— fray, GOT. Ln. Tf. [Gb. :?]. 

16. Ilecrere X TreaaTe Ln. Tf. 

— Tov Opovov X TO) 6p6v(o Tf. 

Chap. VII. 

1. Kai, om. Ln. 

— TaCra X tovto Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. Alx. 

— ndv X rt Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. Alx. 

2. dvajBduTa X dva^aivovTa Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— dvoToXris X araroXwi/ Ln. 

— eKpa^€u X '^Kpa^cv Tf. 

3. oi!, OTO. Ln. Tf. 

— acf)payL(a>p.€V X (T<ppayia-a)- 

p.€V Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

4. p/iS' )( eKaTov Tco-aapaKovra 

Tcaa-apes Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

5. tjS' X fiwSfca Ln. Tf. ; e« sic 

fZewJceps. 

— ad 8. €a-(f)payiap€Voiy om. de- 

cies Ln. Tf. [Gb. =t]. 
87 



9. KOI ifiou o;(Xos TToXvs X o;(- 
Xoi/ TToXvp Ln. 

— avTov Gb. -. 

— 7]dvvaT0 X idvvaTo Ln. Tf. 

— 7r€pi^e^Xr]p,evoi X nepilSe- 

^Xr)p.evovs Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— (f)oiviK€s X ^'oiviKas Gb. ~. 

[Osi.] 
10. fcpa^ovres X Kpd^ovaiv Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Ka6r}p,€V(o im. tov 6p6vov 

TOV Qeov T}p.cov X ^f w r}p.a)V 
T(p Ka6rjp.evco enl tco Opovco 
Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— TOV Opovov X T(5 Opova Ln. 

Tf. [Gb.cv]. 
It. io-TrjKeaavXfta-TrjKeLrrav'Ln.; 
eaTr]K€ca-av Tf. 

— eneo-ov X eTreaav Ln. Tf. 

— TrpoacoTTOv X Ta TrpooroiTra 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. [Rec. Gb. <-]. 
12. d/xTyi/, ow. Ln. Tf. 
14. Kupte, acZd. p.ov Gb. Sch. Tf. 

JLn.] 

— eK ttJj 6Xi-^ea)s Trjs X otto 

dXi-^eas Ln. 

— crroXay avTcov, om. Tf. ; au- 

ras Gb. Sch. Ln. [Gb. =t]. 
r^. rou Opovov X t<5 Opovco Tf. 

16. dtyj/^rjo-ova-iv, prcem. [xr] Ln. 

— ou5e /X.77 X ouS' ou /xj) Tf. 

17. TTOt/xavetXTTOt/zatVet Tf. [Gb. 

— 68r]yr](T€L X 6Sj;yei Tf. [Gb. 

~]. Cs«. 

— ^(oo-as X C'^^S' Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— dwo X f/f Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Rec. Gb. ~]. 

Chap. VIII. 

I. OT€ X OTOV Ln. Tf. 

— T]jjiid)piov X rjpcoipov Ln. Tf. 
3. ro OvcnacTTrjpiov X tou ^u- 

o-iaaTr]plov Gb. Sch. Tf. 
[Cs«.] 

— 5coo-j/ X Scoact Ln. Tf. 

5. ro X rov Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— avTo X avTov Elz. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— (fxaval Koi IBpovToi koL daT- 

panaX X ^pov. Kai daTp. 
Ka\ (pcovai Ln. Tf. 

6. €X0VT€S., prcem. 01 Gb Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— iavTovs X avTovs Ln. 

5. ayyeXoSf om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 



>j. aifiaTi, prcem. iv Gb. Sch.Ln. 
Tf. 

— Tr]V yriv^ add. Kai to Tpirov 

TTJs yrjs KareKciT] Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

8. TTVpl Gb. :t. 

9. TU>U iv TTJ, TCOV Gb. =J. 

— die(f)ddpr) Xdtecfiddprjcrav 1,11. 

Tf. [Gb. e^]. Cat. 
10. rau v^droiv, 07n. tcou St. Elz. 
II.''A^//■l^/^os•, prcenn. 6 Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— yiverai X eyevero Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

~]. Cst. 

— TpLTOVi add. Ta>v vddrcov Elz. 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— dvdpa>Tra)V, prcmi. twv Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

12. (paivTj X <^«^?7 I'll- Tf. [Gb. 

p^] ; Ito rpiTov avTrjs (s. av- 
Tcov) pr) (fidvT] T] rjpepa Gb. 
<^ Cd.:\ 

13. dyyeXov X derov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— TTenopevov X neropevov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— rots KaroLKOvcTLV X toils' kut- 

oiKovvras Gb. ~. [Cst.} 

Chap. IX. 

2. Kai rjvoL^e to (ppeap Trjs 
d^vacrov Gb. — . 

— peydXrjs X Kaiopevrjs Gb. t^. 

[Cs«.] 

— eaKOTiadrj X icTKOTOdOr} Ln. 

Tf. 

4. dSiK)7cra)o-iXaSifCJ70-ovcrtJ/Ln. 

Tf. 

— /idwu?, o?«. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Tov Geou Gb. -». 

— avrojv., om. Ln. [Gb. -»]. 

5. auraTj- X avTols Ln. 

— ^acravicrdaxn X ^aa-avicrBrj- 

aovTai Ln. Tf. 

6. o^x X o^ /X77 Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— evprjaovaiv X evpa>aiv Ln. 

Tf. 

— (p€V^€TaL X 0evyft Ln. Tf. 

— 6 OdvClTOS UTT aVTUtV X "TT* 

avT. 6 6dv. Gb. Sch. 

7. opoLOL XP^o"^ X XP^o-ot Gb. 

Sch. [Kec. Gb. cv]. 

8. ft'^oi/ X ei'xai' Ln. 

10. ^1/ iv Tali oupaii avTcov Kal 
X Kiu iv Toii ovp(us avTcov 
Sell. Ln. Tf. ; iv Tcils ovp. 
cwT. f] Gb. t^"'. 

— ddiKTJ(T(Uf prccm. tov Sch. 



REVELATION. 

11. Kal expva-LV^ om. Ka\ Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. ; 'ixovaai Gb. 
Sch. Tf. [Rec. Gb. ~]. 

— e^' avTcov ^aatkea X ^auL- 

Xe'a eV avTcov Tf. ; eV au- 
rcov /Sacr. Ln. 

— TOV, om. Tf. 

— Ka\ iv X eV de Tf. [Gb. <^]. 

12. epxovrai X ^'px^Tai Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. ^;^. 

13. Teaadpcov, om. Ln. 

14. Xiyovcrav X Xeyoi/ra Ln. Tf. ; 

Xey OTTOS' Gb. cnj. J?a7. 

— OS ei'^e X o e)(<ot' Gb. Sch.Ln. 

Tf. 
i5. (TTpaTevpdTav, prccm. ToJv 
Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Ittttikov X imrov Tf. [Gb. t^]. 

— fiijo pvptddes X diapvpiddes 

Ln. Tf. 

— /fat, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

18. VTTO X OTTO Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Tpiwv, add. 7r\r]ya>v Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— e/c 1° X aTTO Gb. [Cst.] 

— Kal e/c bis, om. Gb. Sch, Ln. 

Tf. 

19. at yap i^ovcriai avTcov iv tw 

(TTopaTi avTcov elai X rj yap 
i^ova-'ia Tcbv 'Ittttcov iv tm 
aT. avT. icTTL koI iv Tals 
ovpals avTwv Gb. Sch.Ln. Tf. 

20. ovTe X ov Gb. Sch. Tf. 

— Trpoa-Kwrjo-axTL X irpocrKvvr]- 

crovaiv Ln. Tf. 

— etScoXa, prcem. to. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— dvvuTai X ^vvavTai Ln. Tf. 

Chap. X. 

1. aWov Gb. -►. 

— ipis, prcem. tj Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— Tr]s KecfiaXrjs X t^v KecpaXrjv 

Ln. Tf. ; add. avTOv Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

2. et^eyX f'x'^i' Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 

— (BtfSXapidLov X l3i^\i8dpiov 

Tf. ; (3ij3\iov Gb. ~. 

— dvecoypivovX rjvecoypivov Ln. 

Tf.' 

— T)7Z/ ^aXaoro^aj/ X t^S' ^aXao"- 

a-7/9 Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— TTjv yrjv X Tr]s y^y Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
4. ray (pavcis iavTcav, om. Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 



4. epeXXov X rjpeWov Ln. Tf. 

— /Liot, o?n. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— raura X avra Ln. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 

Cst. 

5. avTov, add. ttjv de^iav Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

6. iv r<M C^VTi, om. iv Alx. 

— Kal TTjv SdXaaaav Kal to. iv 

avTrj [Ln.] 

— ovK ccTTai en X ovKeTi eVrat 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

7. dXXd X dXX' Ln. Tf. 

— TeXecrOfj X iTeXia-Or] Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— roty eauroC SovXoty roiy npo- 

cf)r]Tais X Tovy iavTov 8ov- 
Xovs Tovs 7rpo(fir]Tas Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 

8. XaXovaa X XaXovcrav Ln. Tf. 

— Xiyovcra \ Xiyovaav Ln. Tf. 

— /3i/3Xa/)iSioi/ X ^i^Xiov Ln. 1 

/SiiSXtSdptoz/ Tf. 

— dyyeXou, j;r(Ew. rou Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

9. 077^X^01/ X OTT^X^a Ln. Tf. 

— Ady X dovvac Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 

— ^ilBXapidiov X /3i/3Xt5dpioi' 

Tf. 
II. Xeyft X Xiyovatv Ln. Tf. 

— edveai, prcem. eVi Tf. 

Chap. XL 

1. pd^8co, add. Kal 6 ayyeXos 

ela-TTjKci Elz. 
— ''Eyetpat X iy^ip^ Ln. Tf. 

2. ecrcodev X 'i^oOev Elz. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— e^o) X €^(o6ev Ln. 

— Svo, prmm. Kal Ln. Tf. 

4. Kot, acZc^. at Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— TOV, om. Ln. 

— Qeov X Kvpiou Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— iaTwcrai X ecrTcoTes Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

5. ^eX?; (.bis) X ^eXei Gb. Sch. 

Ln.' Tf. 

— avTOVs 6iXrj \ 6iXei avTovs 

Ln, Tf. 

6. 'ixovcriv, add. ttjv Ln. 

— i^ovcriav KXelcrac tov oipa- 

vbv X TOV ovpavbv i^ova'iav 
KXfia-aL Gb. Sch. Tf. 

— l^pixV ^^Tos X veroy ^pixV 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— iv fjpipats X Tas rjpipas Gb, 

Sch, Ln. Tf. 

— aiiTcov Ttjs 7rpocj)rjTeias X Trjs 



REVELATION 



7rpo<p. avT. Gb. Sch. Ln. 


19. Kat (Teiarp.6s, om. Tf. [Gb. 


Tf. 


->].- 


6. Trao"?;, proem, iv Gb. Sch. Ln. 




Tf. 


Chap. XII. 


— 6(TaKLS iav OeXrjaaicn, post 


2. e;^oyo-a, add. Kal Ln. 


Trjv yrjv Gb. Sch. 


- Kpd^et X ^'xpa^^v Sch. Ln. ; 


7. TToXsfjiov fier avTa>v X /^f"' 


eKpa^ev Gb. ~. 


avTcbv TToXefiov Gb. Sch. Ln. 


3. p,eyas TTvppbs X Trvppos pe- 


Tf. 


yas Ln. Tf. ; TTvpos peyas 


8. TO. TTTcouaTa X TO TTra>fxa Gb. 


Alx. 


Sch. Ln. Tf. 


- dcadrjpara iirrd \ eTrra Sta- 


— TrdAecos-, prmm. ttjs Ln. Tf. 


d;7/Liara Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 


- T]ixa>v X avTOiV Gb. Sch. Ln. 


g. appepa X apaev Ln. 


Tf. 


— roj^ Opovov., prmm. npos Gb. 


9. ^XeyJAOvariu X ^Xenovaiv Gb. 


Sch. Ln. Tf. 


Sch. Ln. Tf. 


6. e^ei, a(Z(Z. €Ket Gb. Sch. Tf. 


— ra TTToaixaTa X to nrcofia Gb. 


- Tpecficoaiv X eKvpecpcoa-iv Tf. 


Sch. Ln. Tf. 


JC6^^.] 


- KOI yfjLiav, om. Koi Tf. 


7. 6, ad(Z. re Ln. 


— dcl)r](rovai X d(f)i.ovcriv Ln. 


— irroXeprjo-av X toC TroXeprj- 


Tf. 


a-ai Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 


— /jLvrjixara X jJ-vrifia Gb. Sch. 


- Kara X /xera Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 


Ln. Tf. 


8. 'ia-xva-av \ tcrxvcrev Gb. Sch. 


10. xapovo-iv X X^'^P^^^''^ ^^• 


- ovre X ovde Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 


Sch. Ln. Tf. 


— avTcov X avroj Gb. <^. lAlx.} 


— €v<ppav6r)aovTai X €V(f)pal.- 


9. 6 Sarai/as-, 6 Gb. -». 


vovrai Ln. Tf. [Gb. ~]. ^te. 


10. Xeyovcrav iv r« ovpavm X eV 


- neixyfrovatv X ^oicrovcnv Gb. 


TO) ovpavat Xeyovcrav Gb. 


~. [CsM 


Sch. Ln. Tf. 


11. eV avTOVs X f'j' avTols Gb. 


- Kare^X^drj X 6/3X77^77 Ln.Tf. 


Sch. Ln. Tf. ; atrots Gb. ~. 


[Gb. <^]. Alx. 


- eVecrev X eVeTrecrei/ Ln. Tf. 


- Karrjyopos X Karfjycop Gb. 


[Gb. H. ^Zar. 


Sch. Ln. Tf. 


12. fjicovcrav X rJKovcra Tf. [Gb. 


- avTcov X avTOVS Ln. Tf. 


c^]. Cs«. 


12. rot? KaToiKovat rrjv yrjv Koi 


- Avd^r)T€ X ava/Sare Ln. Tf. 


Tr}V 3dXa(Tcrav X t^ y^ kcu 


13. «pa X J^/f^P? Gl5. -^. [Os«.]^ ^ 


Tfj BaXda-a-ri Gb. Sch. Tf. ; 


14. tSou )7 ouat 57 rpiVr; X ^ oval 


rrjv yrjv Koi rrjv ddXaa-crav 


7} rpiTT] Idov Tf. 


Ln. 


1$. Xeyovaat X Xiyovres Gb. 


13. appeva X cipaevav Ln. 


Sch. Ln. Tf. 


14. dvo, prcem. al Ln. Tf. 


— 'EyeyoiTO at ^aaiXelaL X eye- 


— orrov Tp€<peTai X ottcos rpe- 


reTO 17 ^acTLkeia Gb. Sch. 


(f)r]Tai Gb. ~. [Csi.] 


Ln. Tf. 


15. OTTto-ft) TJyy yvvaiKos iic tov 


16. ot €tKO(rt, OTO. ol Ln. 


aroparos avrov X f'f tov 


- Kat Tco-a-apes, om. kol Gb. 


aroparos avrov oiria-oi Trjs 


Sch. Ln. Tf. 


yvvaiKos Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 


— ol ivatTTLOv., om. ol Ln. 


— Tavrrjv X avrrjv Gb. Sch. Ln. 


— KadrjfxevoL X ot Kadrjvrai Alx. 


Tf. 


17. Kat 6 epxdp-evos, om. Gb. Sch. 


i^ eVi, om. Ln. 


Ln. Tf. 


- rov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 


18. roT? pLLKpols Koi Toh p-cyd- 


- Xpto-ToO, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 


\0LS X TOVS piKpOVS Kul TOVS 


Tf. 


peydXovs Ln. 


18. iarddrjv X ea-rddr) Ln. [Gb. 


— 8ia(f>d€LpovTas X ^lacpdei- 


cv]. Jte. 


pavras Ln. 




19. ei/ r<5, prcem. 6 Ln. 


Chap. XTTT. 


- auroO i°Xtov Kvpiov Gb. Sch. 


I. ii€<paXds eTTTa Kal Kepara 



deKa \ Kepara beKa Ka\ kc- 
(jiaXds enrd Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

1. ovopa X ovopara Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. [Kec. Gb. ~]. 

2. apKTov X apKov Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

3. eldov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- piav, add. ck Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- 0)? X oDO-el Tf. 

— iOavpdcrOrj iv X iOavpaacv 

Elz. Gb. Sch. Tf. 

— oXt] rfi yfi X oXrf tj yrj Gb. 

Sch. Tf. 

4. TOV dpdKovra X t« hpdKoirn 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. ' 

- OS- X OTi Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- i^ovcriav, prcem. ttjv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

- TO 6r}piov X T&> 6r]picd Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- drjpico, add. Kal Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. -]. 

- dvvarai X ^vvutos Gb. <^. 

[Cs«.3 
g. ^Xaacfirjpias % ^Xaa^r^piav 
Tf. [Gb. ~] Cs«. ; ^XddCpT]- 
pa Ln. [Gb. ~]. 

— TTOLrjcrai Gb, =? ; prcem. no- 

Xepov Elz. 

— Svo, prcem. Kal Ln. 

6. ^Xaacjirjpiav X ^Xaacprjpias 

Ln. Tf. 

— KOI rouy, om. Kat Ln. [^?a;,] 

Gb. =J. 

7. Kat iboOr} avrco TToXepov 

TTOirjcrai perd tS)v dytcor, 
Kat viKrjcrai avTovs., om. Ln. 

— TToXepov TTQirjcrai X TTOLrjaat 

noXepov Tf. 

— cj)vXr]V, add. Kal Xabv Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

8. auTG) X auroi/ Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

- oovX ov Ln. Tf. 

— Ta ovopara X ro ovopa Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. ; add. avrov Ln. 
Tf. 

- TJ] /3i/3Xaj X ra /3t/3Xi(» Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— iacjiaypevov, prcem. rov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
0. alxpaXcocriav cvvdyei X ^h 
alxpaXcoalav Ln. Tf. ; alx 
arrdyei Gb. ~. 

— et? alxpaXcocriav VTrdyei, om. 

Ln. 

- paxalpa X paxaiprj Ln. Tf. 



. aTTOKrej/et X dnoKTaivcL Ln.; 

om. Tf. 

fxaxaLpa X M^X^'P?? ^"- Tf- 
. TTOtei X iiToUi Tf. 
KaroiKovi^as' eV aur^ X ^v 

avTjj KoroiKovvras Gb. Sch. 

Tf.' 
TTpoa-Kwrjo-coa-t X Trpoo-Kvvr)- 

(Tovaiu Ln. Tf. 
, iva Kat TTvp X /cat Tri'p ti'a 

Gb. Sch. 
Kara^alveiv €K tov ovpavov 

X ex ToC ovpavov KaralBai- 

veLV [Gb. Sch.] Ln. Tf.; Ka- 

ra^fj Gb. ; KaTajBaipr} Sch. 
elKova X (LKovav Ln. 
6 X oy Ln. Tf. 
e^et X fi'x^ *^^- ~- ^•*^* 
fxaxaipas X jJiaxaiprjs Ln.Tf. 
avro) X avTTJ Ln. 
TTOiTjar], add. Lva Ln. 
ai/ X fav Ln. Tf. 
TT]v cIkovu X "T^ elKon Gb. 

Sch. 

ti/a, am. Ln. 
8a)o-T) X S&jtnv Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. ; ddiaovcnv Gb. ~. 
Xapaypa X X^P^JP-'^''''^ ^^• 

Twi' p.€Ta)7ra)V X to percoTTOP 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
Kat ti/a, o»i. Kal Ln. [Gb. =5]. 
bvvrjrai \ dvuarat Tf. 
^, GOT. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
TO ovop,a X TOV 6v6p.aTos Ln. 
Tou vovp, om. TOP Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
X^s X ^^aKoaioi e^rjKOVTa 

e^ Ln. txt. ; e^aKocTLOt de- 

Kae^ Ln. mg. 

Chap. XIV. 

apviov, 7;;-fEra. to Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

iaTTjKos X ecrrcbs- Tf. ; iaTos 
Ln. 

oVo/AO, af?(Z. auToG *cai to 
oj/o/ia Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
. cf)o)Pr]V ^Kova-a X t] (})a>pf) r]p 
jJKOvcra u)S Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
. (uf, om. Gb. Sch. Tf. 

TjdvpaTo X edvpGTO Ln. Tf. 
. fio"ti/ oi d/foXou^outTf ?, om. 
clo-ip Ln. Tf. [Gb. -•]• 
av X f"*' Tf. 
• imdyT] X vrrnyd Ln. 
. 8dXof X ^cvdos Gb. Sch. La 
Tf. 



REVELATION. 

5. yap, om. Ln. [Gb. -♦]. 

— eva>Tnop rov 6p6vov tov 

Geou, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

6. ciXXop Gb. ::?. 

— TTCTcopepop X rreTop-epov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— euay-yeXtcrat, add. eVi Ln. Tf. 

[^?a;.] 

— KUTOiKovPTas X KadrjjjLepovs 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Trar, prami. enl Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

7. Xeyoi/ra eV X Xeycoi' Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— Geoi/ X Kvpiop Gb. <^. [Csf.] 

— ^aXacrcai/, jjroE?«. TTyi/Gb.Sch. 

Tf. 

8. {iWos, add. bevTepos Ln. Tf. 

Alx. 

— errea-ep, om. Alx. 

— T] TToXi?, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— OTt X J? Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

— TOV 6vp.ov Gb. -*. 

— e^i^, 2jrcem. to. Ln. Tf. 

9. Kat, flJf/. aXXoff Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— Tpiros ayyfXos- X «yyfXo? 

TpLTOs Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf.; [rpt- 
TOff Gb. -]. 

— TO drjpiop Trpoa-KvpelX'n'pocr- 

Kvpel TO Orjpiop Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 
[o. Tcoi/, om. Ln. 

— dyt'coi/, o?n. Tf. [Gb. — ] ; j^^^t 

ayyeX. Ln. 

[I. dva^aipei eh alo)va^ aloivcov 
X (Is alcopas alcopcop dva- 
I3aivei Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[2. vTTopoPTj^ pram, rj Ln. Tf. 

— w5f, o?/i. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
[3. jLiot, ow. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— dva7rav(TcovTai X dpanaTjaop- 

Toi Ln. Tf. 

— 8eJ yap Ln. [Gb. cv]. Alx. 
[4. Ka6i]^evos op.otus X Kadrjfxe- 

pop op.oiov Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— TTjs Ke<paXrjs X T^i' KecpaXqp 

Ln. Tf. 
t5. €K TOV i/aov Gb. -►. 

— p.€yd\r] (pQipfj X (fioipfj peyd- 

Xt] Gb. Sch.' Ln. Tf. ' 

— o-ot, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ToO Oepiarai, om. tov Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -.].^ 
[6. Trjv peCJieXrjp X tt}? veCpeXrjs 

Ln. 
[7. e^r^Xdep^ om. Ln. [Gb. ->]• 

— c'x'^''? pncm. 6 Ln. Tf. 

90 



17. Kpavyfj X ^(oi/t; Ln. 

— jBoTpvas, add. Trjs dpineXov 

Elz. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— rJKixacrap al aTacfivXai X ^'k- 

paaep 17 aTacpvXf} Tf. [Gb. 
f^]. Cst. 

— avTTJs X TTJs yi]S Tf. [Gb. ^J. 

Cst. 

19. TT^i/ p.€ydXr]p X Toy p-eyap Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

20. e£ci) X '^^oaBep Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

Chap. XV. 

2. e'/c TOV x"-pdypciTos avTov., 

om. Gb. Sch, Ln. Tf. 

3. SovXov, prcem. tov Ln. 

— dyt'coi' X ^dputp Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. ; al(OP<op Gb. cv\ 

4. o-e, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ::?]. Alx. 

— Kvpie Gb. -►. 

— do^dar] X do^daei Ln. Tf. 

Ute.] 

— oo-ioy X d'ytoy €i Gb. f^. [Of.] 

— ndpTU TO. edpTj X ndpTes Gb. 

~. [C6'^.] 

^ I80V, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
6. e^oi'Tes', prmm. oi Gb. Sell. 
Ln. Tf. 

— e/f TOV i/aov, o»j. Tf. [Gb. =;]. 

— Xivop X XiOop Ln. 

— Kai Xap,TTpbv, om. Ka\ Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
8. Karrpov, pram, e/c tov Tf. 

— r]8vvaT0 X ibvpoTo Ln. Tf. 

Chap. XVI. 

1. (pcoprjs p.eydXT]s X y^eydX?;? 

(})a>pr}s Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ex TOV i/aov, om. Tf. [Gb. =t]. 

— /cat €Kx^aT€., om. Kal Tf. [Gb. 

— ] ; Kal eKX^STC Ln. 

— (jiidXas, pram. iivTa Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

2. eVi X cts- Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

-]. 

— eh X fVi Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

— TTf cIkopc aVTOV TTpOaKVPOVV- 

Tas X irpo(TKVP. Tji (Ikopi 
avToi) Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

3. d'yyeXor, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

— C^^o'a, om. Sch. ; ^oo^y Gb. 

Ln. Tf [Gb. -*]. 

— drreBapev., add. to Ln. Tf. 

4. d'yyeXoy, om. Gb. Sch. La. 

Tf. 

— els tos, om. eh Ln. 



4. iyevero X eyevovTO Ln. 

5. Kvpte, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Koi 6 o(Tios, om. Koi Gb. Sch. ; 

om. Koi 6 Ln. Tf. lAlx.} ; Kol 
6 ecrofJLevos Elz. 

6. edcoKas TTieiv X ^^dcoKas tuv 

Ln. 

— yap, OJH-. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

7. aXXou eV, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

8. (iyyikos, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

9. e^Xa(r(f)r}fj.r]aav, add. ol civ- 

dpcdTTOi Sch. Tf. [Gb. ~]. 

— e^ovcriap, proem, ttjv Ln. Tf. 
10. ayyeXos, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ifxaaaajn-o X i{iaaa>VTO Ln. 

Tf. 

12. ayyeXos^ om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Tov Evcppdrrjv, om. top Gb. 

Sch. 

— dvaroXcou X dvaroXrjs Gb. c^. 

13. o/iota ^arpdxois X <»y /3a- 

rpaxoi Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

14. baijxovcov X ^aipLOVLwv Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— eKiropevecrdat X « eKiropev- 

€Tai Gb. Sch. Tf. [Gb. ->] ; 
stc si/ie a Ln. 

— TTJs yrjs Koi^ om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— TToXeixov, prcem. rbv Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
~ f]p.€pas iKe[vT]s ti]s p-eydXrjs 
X ixeydXrjs rjfiepas cKeivrjs 
Gb. -»; p.ey, rjfxep. Ln. 

16. *Apfiayyed8(i)v X 'A-pfiaye- 

8d>u Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. ; Ma- 
yeScoz/ Gb. ~. 

17. ayyeXos, om. Gb. Sch.Ln.Tf. 

— eh X eVt Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Rec. Gb. ~]. 

— fLeydXr), om. Ln. [Gb. -*]. 

— aTTO X ^K Ln. [Gb. cvi]. 

— TOV ovpavovj om. Ln.Tf. [Gb. 

^]. ^ ^ 

18. (jycoval Koi ^povToi Koi dcTT- 

paTToi X do-TpaTTal kol (pco- 
va\ Koi ^povToX Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

— iyeveTO Gb. -». 

— OL auOpcoTTOi eyevovTO X av- 

dpcoTTOS iyevero Ln. Tf. 
79. eTrecrov X eTreaav Ln. Tf. 

Chap. XYII. 

I. /iot, OTO. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— rav vbuTcov tcov ttoXXwv X 

vduTcov TToXXcov Ln. [Gb. cv]. 



REVELATION. 

2. e/c Toi) o'lvov ttjs nopveias 

avTTJs ol KoroiKovvTes ttjv 
yrju X oi kotolk. ttjv yrju e/c 
TOV o'lvov Trjs TTopvelas av- 
Trjs Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

3. eldov X elda Ln. Tf. 

— yep,ov X yefiOVTU (seq. 6v6- 

p-ara) Ln. 

— ovop-drcnv X Ta ovofxaTa Tf. 
4. 17 TvepL^e^Xrjp.evT} X ^z' Trept- 

/3ei3. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— TTOpCJivpa Koi KOKKLVCO X WOp- 

CJiVpOVV Koi KOKKLVOV Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Acai, om. Tf. 

Ln. Tf. 

— XP'^O'OVV TTOTTjpLOV X TTOTT]- 

pLOV xpvo-ovv Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— aKaddprrjTOs X Tot aKadapTU 

TTJs Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— avr^s X T^s y^y Tf. [Gb. t^]. 

Cst. 

6. eldov X fi"Sa Ln. Tf. 

7. croi epS) X ^/3« o"ot Ln. Tf. 

[Csf.] 

8. OrjpLOVj prcem. to Gb. Sch.Ln. 

Tf. 

— VTrdyeiv X vrrdyeL Ln. Tf. 

— eVt T^s yrjs X ''■171' y^^ Cs^. 

— 6avp.daoPTai X OavjxaadTj' 

a-ovrat Ln. Tf. 

— Oil yeypanrai X ovk iyeypa- 

Ttro Ln. 

— ra 6v6p,aTa X to ovofxa Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— TO ^ljSXlov X TOV ^i^Xlov 

Cst. 

— ^XeTTOvres X ^Xeirovrau Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ro drjpLOV OTL r]v\ on. rju 

TO drjp. Cst. 

— Kairvep icTTLV X fai udpeaTai 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

9. op?; eto-ti/ eTTra X evrra oprj 

elarlu Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
10. KOL 6 els, om. kol Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

12. OVTTCO X O^*^ I^H' 

— dXX' X aXAa Ln. 

13. yv(i)p,i]v exovcri X e;!(ova-ti/ 

yvaip.r)v Gb. Sch. Tf. 

— Tjyy e^ovcriav, om. ttjv Ln. Tf. 

— eavTMV X avT&v Ln, Tf. [Gb. 

~]. Cs«. 

— Sta8tSft)0-oi»o-iv X StSoacrti/ 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
15. Xeyei X ftVev Ln. 
91 



16. em X fat Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

17. KOL TTOirjaai p.Lavyvd>p.r]v, om. 

Ln. 

— p-iav yva>p.r]v X yva)p,r}V fxlau 

Gb. Sch. Tf. 

— TeXeaBfi X TeXecrdrja-ovTai 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. ; TeXea-doi- 
<riv Gb. t^. 

— TO. prip-ora \ ol Xoyot Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

Chap. XVIII. 

1. Kai p^eTO.., om. kol Ln. Tf. 

— eibov, add. aXXov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

2. IcrxvL, cjicdvfj p-eydXrj X Icrxv- 

pa (pcovrj Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. ; 
IfTx^i Gb. ~. 

— haipLovcav X Baip^ovicov Jjn.Tf. 

— TTvevp-UTos aKaddpTOV, add. 

Koi p.ep.L(ri]p.evov Ln. 

3. TOV o'lvov, om. Ln. 

— nerraKe X nerrcoKav Ln, 

4. 'E^eXOere X e|eX<9e Ln. [Gb. 

~]. Cst. 

— tva p.rj Xd^r)T€ e/c tmv itXt]- 

ywv avTTJs X ^< t«i/ TrXrjycov 
avTTJs tva p.r} Xd^Tjre Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 
^. T]KoXovdr]a-avX ^K^oXXrjdrja-au 
Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

6. vpij/, o?«. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— avTTJj om. Ln. Tf. ; prcem. to, 

Tf. 

7. eavTTjv X auTj)!/ Ln. Tf. 

— Kddrjp.aL, prcem. oTi Ln. Tf. 

[JZic.] 

8. Kpivoiv X Kpivas Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

9. KkavcrovTai X nXavarovaiv 

Sch. Tf. [Gb. f^]. 

— avTrjv, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— auT^ X cLVTrjV Tf. 

10. eV, o??j. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

11. KXalovat Kal nevOovcnv X 

KXavaova-i kol nevdrjcrovcri 
Gb. '^. Wst.'] 

— avT^ X avTTjV Tf. 

12. p.apyapLT0V X p.apyapLTas 

Ln. 

— ^vcTcrov X ^vcrcTLVov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— 7rop<pvpas X 7rop(})vpov Gb. 

~. [Cs«.] 

— arjpLKov X cripiKov Ln. 

13. Kivdp,a>p.ovX KLvvdficop.ov ILn. 

Tf. ; ac?(Z. KOt ap,(op.ov Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. 



14. rr]s enidvixias t^s "^^XV^ 
crov X 0^0^ T^s eTTiO. t^s 
yjrvxrjS Ln. Tf. 

— dnriXdev 2" X dnooXeTO Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ov fiT] €vpr](Ti]S avrd X avra 

ov firj evpTjs Tf. ; [evprjs Gb. 
<^ Cat.]; avTO. ov [xr] evprj- 
(TOVCTLV Ln. 

16. Kol \eyovT€S^ om. Koi Sch. 
Ln. Tf. [Gb. rt]. 

— (3va(nuov X kokklvov Ln. 

— KOKKIVOV X ^vacTLvou Ln. 

— eV, 0771. Ln. [Gb. =?]. 

— XP'^^^} X XP^^'^V ^^- Sc^- 1^^- 

Tf. 

— p.apyapiTaLsXp.apyap'iTr^'Ln. 
I), enl Ta)V nXoicov 6 opaXos X 

6 eTTt Tonop TrXecov Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

18. €Kpa(ov X eKpa^av Ln. 

— o/jcoi/Te? X iSXeVoires- Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— TToXet, «r7(Z. Tavrrj Ln. 

19. e(3aXov X e^aXav Ln. ; eTre- 

^aXoI/ Tf. 

— eKpa^ov X eKpa^au Ln. 

— Xeyoi/res-, pram, kol Gb. ^\ 

— TrXota, 2i7'cem. to. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. 

20. avTr)v X avT^ Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— ayioi, add. Koi ol Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

21. p.v\ov X fivKivov Ln. 

23. (^ai/^ ei/, om. ej/ Ln. 

— ot epLTTopoi, om. ol Ln. 

24. ai/^a X alfiara Gb. Sch. Tf. 

Chap. XIX. 

1. Kai /iera, o??i. /cat Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— (})ciivrjv, x>rce,in. <w? Elz. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— oxKov TToWov p.eyaXr)vX P-^- 

yaX. oxK. TToXX. Gb. Sch. 
Ln. Tf. 

— XeyouTOsJXeyovTav Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— KOL Tj do^a, post KOL Tj bvv. 

Gb. ~. iCit.] 

— Koi fj TLfJLT], om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

— Kvpi'o) TO) 0€a) X ToO Oeuv 

Gb. Sch.'Ln. Tf 

2. e(}>6€ip€ X ^lecfideipe Gb. <-^. 

rJ^f X^'Pos") 0'«- '■^f <j1^- Sc'i- 
Ln. Tf. 



REVELATION. 

4. enecrov X fTrecrai/ Ln. Tf. 

— 01 npea^vTepoL ol e'lKocri koI 

Teaaapes X 01 ei'/c. recra. 
7rpecr/3. Ln. 

— Kai Teacrapesj om. Koi Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— Tov Opovov X TO) 6p6v(o Ln. 

Tf. [Gb.c^]. Cs-^! 

5. efc X OTTO Ln.Tf. [Gb. -^3. Cst. 

— Tuv Qeuv X TO) ^eo) Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -].^ 

— avTov Koif 0771. Koi Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

6. Kol ois, om. o)S Ln. 

— \eyovTas St. Cst. ; Xeyovres 

Gb. Sch. Tf. ; XeyoVrcoz/ Elz. 
Ln. 

— Qeos, add. rjp.a)U Gb. Sch. 

Tf, 

7. ayaXXicoyLie^a X ayaXXi&j/xei/ 

Ln. Tf. 

— dcopev X dd)aop,ev Ln. Tf. 

8. KaOapbv Ka\ \ap.TTp6v X Xa/i- 

Trpoi/ Kadapov Ln. Tf. ; Xa/n- 
Trpw /cat Kadapov Gb. Sch. 

— eVri Tcoi/ ayicov X Toij' dyioov 

ea-TLU Ln. Tf. [Cs«.] 

9. akrjOtvoi^ prcem. ol Ln. Tf. 

— eicrt TOV Qeov \ tov Oeov ei- 

o-LV Ln. Tf. [Csi.] 

10. eTrecrov X eVecra Ln. Tf. 

— Tou 'It^o-oC, owi. TOV Ln. Tf, 

— roC ^Irjaov, om. tov Ln. Tf. 

11. duecoypievov X Tjvecoyjxevov 

Ln! Tf. 

12. o)?, om. Tf. [Gb. ^]. 

— e^cov, acZ(^. 6v6p.aTa yeypap.- 

p.eva /cat Tf. 

13. /caXeirat X KeKhrjTaL Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ^]. ^te. 

14. eV TO), prai7n. to. Elz. Gb. Sch. 

Ln.Tf. 

— 6(^' X eVi Tf. 

— /cat Ka6ap6v, 07n. /cat Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
li,. pnp,<paLay add. bi<jTop.os Sch. 
[Gb. ~]. 

— TvaTdtrarj X naTd^rj Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf ' 

— /cat Tjyy, om. /cat Gb. Sch. Ln. 

IT. 

16. TO ouofia, om. to Gb. Ln. Tf. 

[Cst.] 

17. c//a Gb. -». 

— 7r€T(jo fie VOLS XneTopeuois Ln. 

Tf 

— Kol avvdyeaOe X crvrnxO^jTC 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
02 



17. TOU /leyciXou X to fifya rov 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

18. avToiv X 0.VTOVS Ln. 

- eXevdepcov, add. re Gb. Sch. 

Ln.Tf. 

- pLKpa>v, add. re Sch. Tf. [Gb. 

19. avTwv X auTou Ln. 

- TToXepiov, p7-cem. tov Sch. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. c.]. 

20. pera toutou 6 X M^r' atiroO 

6 Ln. ; 6 per' airoi) Gb. Sch. 
Tf. 

- Tr]V Kaiop.evr]v X Trjs Kaiop.e- 

VT}s Ln. 

- TO) ^f/o), om. TO) Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf.' 

21. eKnopevo/jievr} X e^eXdovaij 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

Chap. XX. 

1. /cXeiSa X kXc^v Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

2. Toi/ o^ti/ Toi/ dpxalou X o 

o^ty 6 ap^ntoff Ln. Tf. 

- 'Saravas., ^jrcem. 6 Ln. Tf. 

3. e/cXeia-ei/ avTov, om. avTov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- TrXavrjarj X TrXam Tf. 

- ra eduT] €ti X f Tt ra edprj 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- /cat pcTO, OTO. /cat Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

- avTou Xvdrjvat X Xv^jjvai au- 

Tov Ln. Tf. 

4. TO) drjpLCO X TO drjpiov Gb. 

Sch. Ln.' Tf. 

- cure X ovbe Ln. Tf. 

- Trj cIkovl X TJ^i' iiKova St. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. '^]. Cst. 

- i^ieTcoTTOv avrau, om. avTwv 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- XptcTToO, prmm. tov Elz, Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- Ta xt'Xta, om. to. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 

5. Se, 0771. Ln. Tf. 

- dve^T](rav X ^^Cw^^ Grb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

- ecoy X "Xpi Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

6. OdvuTOs 6 dfVTepos X SfU- 

Tepos BdvaTOS Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

- pcT* atroO X p-ffd TavTa Gb. 

-. [C6<.] 

7. oral/ TeXiaOr] X /xcto Gb. i^. 

[Cs^.] 

8. TO J/ Maycay, om. tov Ln. 



I 

\ 



8. TToKcfiov, prcmi. Tov Scb. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. cs.]. 

- dpidnos, add. avTcov Gb, Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

9. €KvK\a>aravX e/cu/cXf vcrav Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. ~]..Csf. 

— dwo TOV Qeov, om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -»] ; post ovpavov Gb. 
Sch. 

10. OTTOU, add. KoX Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

11. XevKov fj-eyap X p^^yav Xeu- 

Kov Gb. Sch, Ln. Tf 

- avTov X avTov Gb. Sch. Tf. 

— Tvpotjayrrov, prami. rov Ln. 

12. [XLKpoiis Ka\ p-eyaXovs X tovs 

/xeyaXous Kal rov? [xiKpovs 
Ln. Tf. 

- Qeov X Bpovov Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

- rjveaxdr](Tav X r]V0ix6r]crav 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- ^i^Xiov aXXo X aXXo /3t/3- 

Xioz/ Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

— rjvecpx^n X T}voLxOr} Ln. Tf. 

13. ef avT^ veKpovs X veKpovs 

Tovs iv avrfi Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

— ebcoKav X edcoKev Ln. 

— eV avrois veKpovs X veKpovs 

TOVS ev avTols Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

14. eoTti/ 6 bevrepos Bavaros X 

6 ^av. 6 Sevr. eorii/ Gb. 
Sch. Ln. Tf. ; add. f] Xip-vrj 
TOV TTvpos Sch. Ln. Tf. [Gb. 
~]. 
i^ TTJ jBl^Xa X ra /3t/3Xta) Gb. 
f^. ICst.J 

Chap. XXI. 

1. TraprjXOe X dirrjXOav Ln. Tf. ; 

arrriXOov Gb. Sch. 

2. iycb 'icodvj/rjs, om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

- eidov, post KaLvfjV Gb. Sch.Ln. 

Tf. 

— OTTO TOV Qeov eK tov ovpa- 

vov X cK TOV ovpavov dwo 
TOV 6eov Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

3. ovpavov X Bpovov Ln. Tf. 

- Xaol X Xaos Gb. Sch. Tf 

[Rec. Gb. ~]. 

— ecTTai p.eT avTav X P-^t au- 

Ta>v eorat Gb. Sch. Ln. 

— Qebs avTwv X avTwu Beds 

Ln. [Gb. =?]. 

4. 6 Gfoy, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf 

- (1770 )( CK Ln. 



REVELATION. 

4. ort, o?n. Ln. 

- dTrrjXBov X aTT^X^az/ Ln. Tf. 
$. TOV Bpovov X T« Bpovco Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- jjioi, om. Ln. Tf. [Gb. =t]. 

- TToyra TTOto) X TTOiS) TrdvTa 

Ln.Tf. 

- jLioi, OTO. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- dXr]BLvo\ Ka\ TTtaTOi X TTtorot 

Kat dXrjBivoi Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

6. Teyove \yeyovav Ln. Tf [Gb. 

^] ; yeyova Gb. ~ ; [om. eyco 
ei/ii]. [Csi.] 

- AX"AX(/)aLn. Tf. 

- Scocro), ckZc?. avr« Sch.Tf. [Gb, 

~]. [Cs^.] 

7. irdvTa X ravra Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

- 6 tiioy, om. 6 Ln. Tf. 

8. SeiXoTy 8e X TOiy Se SeiXots 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- dnia-Tois, add. Ka\ afxapTco- 

Xols Sch. [Gb. ~]. 

- (papp-aKevcTL X (f>app,aKo7s Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf 

8. bevrepos BdvaTOS X o Bdv. 6 

devT. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

9. Trpos- p.e, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- €1?, add. eK Sch. Ln. Tf [Gb. 

~3. 

- Tas yefiovcras, om. tcls Tf. ; 

ToiiV yepLOVTcav Ln. 

- Ta)V eTrra, om. tcov Tf. [Gb. 

-]. ^ 

- T^I/ VVp,(fir]V TOV dpVLOV TT]V 

yvvalKO^T-qv yvv. ttjv vvp,<j). 

TOV dpVLOV Tf. lCst.2 ; TTjV 

vvp,(}). Tr]v yvv. tov dpviov 
Ln. [Gb. ~] ; T. yvv. r. dpv. 
Gb. f^. 

0. eV X f'^rt Ln. 

- Tr]v p.eydXr]V, om. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

- dno X ^K Tf [Csf.] 

1. KOi 6, o??j. Kai Gb. Sch. Ln.Tf. 

2. exovcrdv re X exovcra Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- exovaav X exovcra Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

- KOi 6771 rotff TrvXaxTiv dy- 

yeXovs 8a>deKa, om. Ln. 

- eVri, add. to. ovop^aTa Ln. ; 

add. 6v6p.aTa Tf. 

- rmy vl5>v., om. t5>v Ln. Tf. 

3. 'Att' ai/aroX^y X "tto dvaTO- 

Xa)v Tf. ; a7r6 dvaToXrjs Gb. 
Sch. Ln. 

93 



13. aTTO, 2»YBJW, Kat fer Sch. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. cv]. 

14. ev avTols 6v6p.aTa X eV av- 

Tav ha>heKa 6v6p,aTa Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
i^. elx^, add. p,eTpov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
16, ToaovTov ea-Tiv, om,. Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

- Kal TO TrXaTOs 1°, Kal Gb. =r. 

- (TTadioiv X a-Tadiovs Elz. Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- doideKa X deKadvo Tf. 

18. ^v, o??^. Ln. 

- 6/ioia X op.oiov Ln. Tf [Gb. 

19. Ka\ ol Bep,eXioi^ om. Koi Ln. 

Tf [Gb. -*]. 

- XaXKTjdav X X^pi^V^^^ Grb. 

C\!. 

20. craphovv^ X crapdtovv^ Ln. 

- (rdpdios X cdpdiov Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. ~]. Cs«. 

- xP'^O'drrpaa-os X XP'^^^^P^' 

(TOV Ln. 

21. 8La(f)avr}s X Siauy?)? Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

22. i/aoy, prcem. 6 Ln. 

23. eV ayr^, om. eV Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

- T] yap X yap rj Gb. 00. [Cst.} 

24. ra e^j/?; tS>v aco^op,eva)v ev 

r(5 <^a)ri avTrjs TrepnraTr]- 
(Tova-i, \7repnraTr](rovaiv to. 
eBvj] 8ia TOV (f)a)T6s avTrjs 
Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- Ka\ Trjv Ti.p.r]v, o?ra. Ln.Tf [Gb. 

2^. Koivovv X Koivbv Gb. Sch. Ln. 
Tf. 

- TVOLOVV X O TTOtoiv Tf ; TTOlSjV 

Ln. [Gb. ~]. Cs«. 

Chap. XXII. 

1. KaBapov, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 

2. ivTevBev X eKelBev Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. t^]. 

- /xTyz/a X p-rjvav Ln. 

- eVa, o?ra. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

- eKao'TOv dirobibovv \ dno- 

dtdoiis eKaa-Tov Tf. iCst.} ; 
drrodLdovs eKaa-Tos Gb, f^ 
[Cst.} ; aTToSiSovs' eKacrTa 
Gb. ~. 

3. KaTavdBep,a X KaTdBep.a Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf 

- en X f'/^fi Gr^' ~- ICst.'] 



eK€7 X eTt Gb. Sell. Ln, ; om. 

Tf. [Gb. zi]. 
Xpeiav ovK e'xovai X "^X 

e^ovaiv -x^pciav Ln. [Gb. ^] 

Alx. ; ou xpf '« Gb. Sch. Tf. 
\v)(yov^ prcem. (pcoTos Ln. 
^[Gb. ~]. 
17X101;, om. Tf. 
(pcoTi^ei X <^ci)Tiet eV Gb. 

Sch. Tf. ; (ptoTiaet err Ln. 

[eV Gb. -]. 

efrre X Aeyei Gb. ~. iCsf] 
Kvpios, prcem. 6 Ln. 
dyicou X TTvevfidrcov tcop Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
'iSou, prcem. kol Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. [Gb. -]. 

Kat eyo) X <a.ya> Ln. Tf. 
^X€7ra>v Tavra kol aKOvcov X 

aKovo)!/ Koi jSXeVcoi/ raura 

Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
e^Xe\lra X ore eJdov Tf. [Gb. 

~]. Csf. 

erreaa X eireaov Elz. Gb. Sch. 
yap, ow. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
OTi, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
Kaipbs., add. yap Ln. [Gb. 

pvnSiv pvTraadra X pvrrapos 
pvTrapevOrjTOi Gb. Sch. [Ln.] 
Tf. ; [pvTrav6rjT(0 Ln.] 



REVELATION. 

11. 8tKaia>6fjTco X dLKaioavuTjv 

TTOirjaaTco Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

12. Kat iSou, o?rt. Ka\ Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— avTOv earaL X fOTti/ avTOv 

Ln. Tf. ; [eVri Gb. -»]. 

13. et/xi, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— AX''AX(^aLn. Tf. 

— dpxrj Ka\ reXos, 6 TrpaJroy 

Kat 6 eo-xctToy X Trpwroy kui 
eaxaros, t) apxr) Ka\ to re- 
Xoy [Gb. Sch.] Ln. Tf ; [6 
7rp. K. 6 eo-;^, Gb. Sch.] 

14. ol 7rOLOVVT€S TCIS ivToXciS ttV- 

Tov X ol nXvvovTes rds (tto- 
Xds avTcou Ln. [Gb. ~]. ; Tf. 
ed. 1° lAlx.] 

15. Se, om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 

— 6 (piXcop., om. 6 Ln.Tf. [Gb. =J]. 

16. eVt, owi. Tf. ; ev Ln. [Gb. -^]. 

— Tov Aa/3tS, o?«. roO Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— /cat, om. Sch. Tf. 

— opOpivos X o Ttpoiivos Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 

17. 'EX^e his X €/JX°^ ^^ G^- S<^^- 

Ln. Tf. 

— eXderco X ipx^o-dco Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

— Kat 6 2°, om. Kat Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

94 .us: 



Xap-^aveTOi to X Xa^era Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
'S.vfip.apTVpovpiaL yap X /xap- 

Tvpco ey« Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
aKovovTL., prcem. tco Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
imTLdfj X inidfj Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
Trpo? ravTa X fV aird Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
/3t/3Xta), prmm. Ta Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
df^iaipf] X a<f>eXr] Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
/3i/3Xoi; 1° X rov ^i^Xlov Gb. 

Sch. Ln. Tf. 
d(paipr]a-€i X acpeXel Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
/3t/3Xou X rov ^vXov Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 
eK, om. Ln. 
Ka\ rav, om. Ka\ Gb. Sch. Ln. 

Tf. 
/3t/3Xia), jprcBOT. T« Gb. Sch. 

Ln. Tf. 

Nat, 0}n. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
rjixcov^ om. Gb. Sch. Ln. Tf. 
XptaTOV, om. Ln. Tf. 
vp.a>v. ^AiXT]v, om. Ln. Tf. 

[Gb. -»] ; rw;/ dyiau Gb. 

Sch. 



IN THE PRESS, 

THE 

GREEK NEW TESTAMENT, 

EDITED FROM ANCIENT AUTHOEITIES, 

WITH 

THE VAEIOUS EEADINGS 

OF ALL THE ANCIENT MSS., OF THE ANCIENT VERSIONS, 
AND OF THE EARLTES, ECCLESIASTICAL WRITERS 

(to EUSEBIUS inclusiye). 

TOGETHER "WITH THE 

LATIN YERSION OF JEEOME, 

From the Codex Amiatinus of the sixth century. 

BY S. P. TREGELLES, LL.D. 

This edition is the result of the labour and study of many years, devoted to 
the object of setting forth the Text of the Greek 'New Testament, in accord- 
ance with the best authorities, so as to give it as exactly as possible in the 
very vi^ords of the inspired writers. To this end the editor has himself 
collated every accessible ancient document, and has compared every early 
citation; so that he hopes, by the blessing of God, that the forthcoming 
edition may possess distinctive value for the Biblical student. 

One volume, quarto, price ^68. 3s. 



Prospectuses and Specimen Pages may be obtained on application to the Editor, 

Portland Square, Plymouth ; or to 

Messrs. Bagster coid Sons, 15, Paternoster Ron), London. 



THE 

CODEX MONTFORTIANUS : 

A COLLATION OF THIS CELEBEATED MS., IN THE LIBRAEY OF TRINITY 
COLLEGE, DUBLIN, THROUGHOUT THE GOSPELS AND ACTS, 

WITH THE GREEK TEXT OF WETSTEIN, AND WITH CERTAIN MSS. 
IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD. 

BY OKLANDO T. DOBBIN, LL.D., T.C.D., M.R.LA. 

ONE VOLUME, OCTAVO. 



The Manuscript collated in this volume has obtained an unusual degree of notoriety, from 
its being the oldest MS. containing the disputed verse of 1 John v. 7 : " There are three 
that bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost ; and these three are 
one." The history of the introduction of that verse into the third edition of the Grf^eli 
Testament by Erasmus has always awakened the liveliest interest in the critical world, as a 
mere enumeration of the names of the chief writers upon it will show ; and Erasmus never 
pleaded any authority save that of this MS. for its insertion. Known to him as the Codex 
Britannicus in the early part of the sixteenth century, it was imperfectly collated in the 
middle of the seventeenth, for the magnificent Polyglot of Bishop Walton, as the Codex 
Montfortii; and eventually became the property of Trinity College, Dublin, along with the 
books of the learned Ai'chbishop Ussher, where it still bears the same designation. From 
the Epistle to the Romans to the end of the Apocalypse, this remarkable Codex was most 
carefully and minutely collated, at the beginning of the present century, by the extraordinary 
labour of the Kev. Dr. Jolm Barrett, Yice-Provost of the Dublin University, in an Appendix 
at the close of his quarto volume on the Palimpsest Gospel of MattheAV, so that upon this 
portion of the MS. nothing more was to be desired ; but the collation of the earlier part for 
the Polyglot was so defective, as to loudly call for a renewed examination of the Gospels and 
Acts, to which purpose the present volume is devoted. Fifteen hundred readuigs more than 
those communicated to Walton by Ussher are adduced in it, all tending to exhibit the pe- 
culiar character of the document, and to confirm Dr. Adam Clarke's assertion concerning 
the original sci-ibe, that he was " by no means sparing of his own conjectural emendations." 

But a further declaration of that distinguished divine has been falsified by the investiga- 
tions of the present editor. 

In Dr. Clarke's Essay on 1 John v. 7, he says of the Codex Montfortii, " how far the 
•writer has in any place faithfully copied the text of any ancient MS. is more than can be 
determined." Not\vitlistanding which, the exact amount of the writer's debt to existing MSS. 
has been ascertained in the present volume, through the discovery, at Oxford, of the original 
documents from which it was copied. The results are given in the shape of careful com- 
parison in this publication, which, to those who appreciate works of textual criticism, ought 
to be one of great interest and value. It goes far to consummate the controversy conducted 
during the last three centuries by Erasmus, Lee, Stunica, Colinxus, Stephens, Beza, Luther, 
Simon, Buniet, Smith, Kettner, Howe, Hammond, Mill, Emlyn, Martin, Le Long, Calamy, 
Smallbrooke, Bentley, Mace, Bengel, Wetstein, De Missy, Newton, Benson, Gibbon, Travis, 
Porson, 3Iichaelis, tlie Bishop of Peterborough, Semler, Wagner, Knittel, Bowring, Bishop 
of Salisbury, Bishop of Ely, Dr. J. Pye Smith, Griesbach, Nolan, Oxlee, Scholz, Black, 
author of I'alaeoromaica, Huyshe, Home, etc., etc. 

I'lie labours of Dr. Barrett and Dr. Dobbin together form a more full and minute colla- 
tion of this particular MS., than that which any other US. in existence perhaps lias re- 
ceived at the hands of its critics, and disposes for ever of the learned Semler's wonder .— " Mi- 
rum eat viros doctos ejus insula; nondum in clariori luce collocasse hujus codicis historiam." 



y 



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IBD78 



